Preliminary Checklist of the Plants of Botswana

Home , Adenium oleifolium, Erlangea, Gaborone, Hibiscus diversifolius, Hirpicium, Hoodia currorii

PRELIMINARY CHECKLIST OF THE PLANTS OF BOTSWANA

by Moﬀ at P. Setshogo

Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 37 n 2005 Recommended citation format SETSHOGO, M.P. 2005. Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 37. SABONET, Pretoria and Gaborone.

Produced by University of Botswana Herbarium Private Bag UB00704 Gaborone Botswana Tel. (267) 355 2602 Fax: (267) 318 5097

Published by Southern African Botanical Diversity Network (SABONET) c/o South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X101, 0001, Pretoria, South Africa and University of Botswana Herbarium, Private Bag UB00704, Gaborone. Printed in 2005 in the Republic of South Africa by Capture Press, Pretoria, (27) 12 349-1802.

ISBN 1-919976-18-3

Editor-in-chief: Marthina Mössmer Subeditors: Lidia Gibson, Hanlie van Heerden & Cecilia de Vos Belgraver Text design and layout: Nicola Ellis (27) 82 878 9589 Cover design: Antoinette Burkhardt, Pretoria, South Africa (27) 82 909 0109 Photographs: M.P. Setshogo

SABONET website: www.sabonet.org

This report is a joint product of the University of Botswana Herbarium and the Southern African Botanical Diversity Network (SABONET) and was made possible through support provided by the Global Environment Facility (GEF)/ United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)/World Conservation Union-Regional Oﬃce for southern Africa (IUCN ROSA) (Plot no. 14818 Lebatlane Road, Gaborone West, Extension 6 Gaborone, Botswana), under the terms of Grant No. 690-0283-A-00-5950. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reﬂect the views of USAID, the SABONET Steering Committee or SABONET National Working Groups. Dedicated to the memory of my late father, Tonkana; late siblings Kgotla, Samuel, Molemisi, Tshegofatso; late niece, Malebogo; and my mother, Kerileng, for being so strong in adversity.

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ...... 1

USING THE CHECKLIST ...... 2

HERBARIUM ACRONYMS ...... 3

PLANT COLLECTING IN BOTSWANA ...... 4

SPECIES WITH TYPE SPECIMENS FROM BOTSWANA ...... 5

REFERENCES ...... 9

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS ...... 11

BRYOPHYTES ...... 12

HEPATOPHYTES ...... 14

PTERIDOPHYTES ...... 15

DICOTYLEDONS ...... 17

MONOCOTYLEDONS ...... 112

APPENDIX: SPECIES POSSIBLY OCCURRING IN BOTSWANA ...... 150

INDEX ...... 152 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The "Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana" was compiled over several years. I received a lot of assistance, both technical and general, from a number of people. Mr Trevor Arnold provided the blueprint of Botswana species in PRECIS and it was on this blueprint that the checklist is based. I am very thankful for this assistance. I also want to extend my sincere gratitude to the curators of the herbaria GAB, PRE, PSUB, SRGH and UCBG for giving me permission to work with their specimens. I want to particularly single out the following individuals who commented and made corrections on the drafts: Ms Monicah Kabelo, Ms Ludo Matenge-Mogehgeh, Mr Mbaki Muzila, Mr Bongani Sethebe and Dr Bruce Hargreaves. Lastly, I wish to thank SABONET for making this publication possible by funding.

viii INTRODUCTION

The fl ora of Botswana is probably one of the lesser- coverage was national, resulting in a true checklist of the known fl oras in southern Africa. Even though plant genus in the country. collections from this country span well over a century, no extensive and comprehensive accounts of its fl ora exist. Various checklists and books have been published on The “Check-Lists of the Trees and Shrubs of the British the Okavango Delta since the late 1980s. Those of note Empire, No. 6, Bechuanaland Protectorate”, published in include SMEC (1989), Ellery & Ellery (1997), and Roodt 1948 under the auspices of the Imperial Forestry Institute (1993,1998). in Oxford, probably represents the fi rst attempt at a national checklist of Botswana. Miller (1952) improved This work represents the fi rst comprehensive checklist of and enlarged on this checklist with his “Woody Plants of Botswana plants. While it lists lower plants of the groups the Bechuanaland Protectorate”. Bryophytes and Pteridophytes, it does not include any gymnosperms, exotic plants used for landscaping In 1962, de Beer compiled the fi rst provisional purposes, and those grown in home gardens. It does, vegetation map of Botswana in which he listed twenty- however, include garden escapees and those species six vegetation types. Although he provided detailed that have naturalised in the wild. It elaborates on the descriptions of vegetation types in his work, these improved list provided by PRECIS (Pretoria Computerised focused mainly on dominant species and, as such, Information System) of Botswana entries in Arnold & could not be said to represent a checklist. Further De Wet (1993). Unfortunately, the PRECIS list contains developments of the vegetation map for the country only the species in the National Herbarium in Pretoria were provided by Wild & Fernandes (1967), Weare & (PRE). An attempt at a national checklist for Botswana Yalala (1971), and Bekker & De Wit (1991). was made by Barnes & Turton (1986, revised 1994), but again only species of fl owering plants that occurred in In 1976, Field published his list of Botswana’s common Botswana herbaria were listed, implying that herbaria grasses. The major shortcoming of the list was that it were not international in representation. included only those species which were commonly grazed by livestock. The present list covers all known taxa of land plants recorded for Botswana. Main herbaria containing Timberlake (1980) published the fi rst comprehensive and Botswana species (in addition to those within the detailed account of the genus Acacia in Botswana. The country) are K, PRE and SRGH.

Table 1. A summary of the number of families, genera, and species and infraspeciﬁ c taxa represented in the checklist.

Families Genera Species* Bryophytes 13 21 45 Pteridophytes 12 18 47 Dicotyledons 123 671 2,145 Monocotyledons 34 201 849 Total 182 911 3,086 * includes infraspeciﬁ c taxa

SABONET Report No. 37 1 USING THE CHECKLIST

• The list is arranged alphabetically by family, and then by genera and species. It is divided into four main groups: including bryophytes, pteridophytes, dicotyledons, and monocotyledons.

• Classifi cation of angiosperm families follows that by Leistner (2000); pteridophyte classifi cation follows that by Roux (2001); liverwort classifi cation follows that by Wigginton (2002), and moss classifi cation follows that by O’Shea (1999).

• Synonyms for genera and species are italicized. Correct or currently accepted names are all in bold.

• Not all synonyms are indicated, but an attempt has been made to list basionyms for most species.

• Herbaria housing specimens of any particular species are indicated after the species name. Species sourced from literature are listed in the Appendix. These are treated as possibly occurring in Botswana until vouchers for them have been located. The author would appreciate information on these species.

• It should be noted that for the herbaria GAB, PSUB and UCBG, some of the specimens were not identiﬁ ed to infraspeciﬁ c level.

2 SABONET Report No. 37 HERBARIUM ACRONYMS

B Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany BM The Natural History Museum, London, England, United Kingdom BOL University of Cape Town, South Africa BR Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Meise, Belgium C University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark CAH University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe COI University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal E Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom EA National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya F Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America FHO University of Oxford, Oxford, England, United Kingdom G Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de la Ville de Genève, Genève, Switzerland GAB National Museum, Monuments and Art Gallery, Gaborone, Botswana GENT Gent University, Gent, Belgium GH Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America GRA Albany Museum, Grahamstown, South Africa IFAN University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa K Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England, United Kingdom KMG McGregor Museum, Kimberley, South Africa LD Botanical Museum, Lund, Sweden LISC Instituto de Investigação Cientiﬁ ca Tropical, Lisboa, Portugal LMU Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique M Botanische Staatssammlung München, München, Germany MO Missouri Botanical Garden, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America ODU Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America P Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France PRE National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa PSUB University of Botswana, Maun, Botswana SRGH Botanic Garden, Harare, Zimbabwe UCBG University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana UNIN University of the North, Pietersburg, South Africa UPS Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden WAG Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands WIND National Botanical Research Institute, Windhoek, Namibia Z Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

SABONET Report No. 37 3 PLANT COLLECTING IN BOTSWANA

In the distant past, well known collectors, such as Pole Evans, Illtyd Buller (1879–1968) Holub, Lugard, and Baines traversed the landscape of Dr Pole Evans undertook two very important plant Botswana on numerous expeditions. Their accounts collection expeditions in eastern Botswana and of the country they passed through gave the world Ngamiland. His collection of 1931 is listed in “A its first insight into the flora of Botswana. Reconnaissance Trip Through the Eastern Portion of the Bechuanaland Protectorate”. In 1937 he visited Baines, John Thomas (1820–1875) Ngamiland again. His descriptions and photographs of Baines collected most of his plants during the the country are excellent (Pole Evans, 1948). Chapman Expedition (1861–1863). This expedition passed through South West Africa (now Namibia) Smith, Peter Alexander (1931–1999) to the Victoria Falls (Zimbabwe) via Lake Ngami Mr Smith was the foremost authority on the plants (Botswana) and back. In Ngamiland, Baines painted of the Okavango delta. He collected well over 6,000 a Crinum of the type C. crassicaule Baker (Verdoorn specimens of plants of the delta, while he worked in the in Bothalia 4: 32, 1973). Some plants named after Department of Water Affairs. He was mainly concerned him include Blepharis bainesii (Acanthaceae), with the ecological zoning of the delta and did Leucosphaera bainesii (Amaranthaceae), Corallocarpus extensive work on channel blockage and aquatic weed bainesii (Cucurbitaceae), and Alectra bainesii management. Smith has an orchid, a delta channel, (Scrophulariaceae). and a herbarium named after him. He donated his massive collection to the Harry Oppenheimer Okavango Holub, Emil (1847–1902) Research Centre (HOORC) at the University of Botswana. Holub, who was a Czech by nationality, toured and With this collection, the Peter Smith Herbarium (PSUB) collected extensively in Botswana between 1873 was established. In most cases, duplicates of his and 1876. Some plants named in his honour include collection are housed in K, PRE, and SRGH. Turbina holubii (Convolvulaceae), Eminia holubii (Fabaceae), Eulophia holubii (Orchidaceae), and the Story, Robert (1913–?) genus Holubia (Pedaliaceae). Dr Story accompanied the Harvard–Smithsonian– Peabody Expedition to Botswana and South West Lugard, Edward James (1865–1944) Africa, which commenced in Molepolole on 10 June Lugard, Charlotte Eleanor (1859–1939) 1955 and ended in Windhoek on 2 September 1955 Major Lugard first ventured into Botswana when (Gunn & Codd, 1981). “Some plants used by Bushman he joined his brother, Major Frederick John Dealtry in obtaining food and water” (Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa Lugard, who led an expedition for the British West 30 (1958), is probably his best known publication. He Charterland Company across the Kalahari desert to collected 590 specimens from Botswana, most of which Lake Ngami from 1896 to 1897. Accompanied by his are at PRE (Gunn & Codd, 1981). wife, Charlotte Eleanor, he visited this area again from 1897 to 1899. The Lugards collected mainly in Van Son, Georges (1898–1967) the Kwebe (Kgwebe) Hills of Ngamiland. According to Dr Van Son collected 326 species during the Vernay– Miller (1952), their collection comprised 374 species, Lang Kalahari Expedition in 1930 (Bremekamp, 1935). several of which were new. It was described by N.E Many of the plants collected were succulents. A total Brown (Kew Bull. 1909: 89–146). Of the collection, of 26 species were described as new by Dr C.E.B. 92 species were described as new, 24 of which were Bremekamp (1935). named after one or the other of the Lugards (Gunn & Codd, 1981). These include, amongst others, Barleria Other collectors lugardii (Acanthaceae), Pachycymbium lugardii A number of other people have contributed and are (Apocynaceae), Ceropegia lugardiae (Apocynaceae), continuing to contribute immensely to collections of and Sesamothamnus lugardii (Pedaliaceae). Botswana plants. These include Prof. Desmond Cole, a renowned world authority on the genus Lithops; Anne Miller, Oliphant Bell (1882–1966) Margariette Camerik (Sister Karin), who contributed Major Miller collected nearly 1,200 specimens of about 800 specimens of her meticulous collection to Botswana plants. In 1950, over a thousand were GAB and PRE; Rev Dr P.J.Mott, who established UCBG, destroyed by fire in the Forest Herbarium at Pharing and Robert Drummond, who collected well over 2,000 (Miller, 1952). Fortunately, in nearly all cases, specimens of Botswana plants, most of which are at duplicates had been sent to either K or PRE. SRGH.

4 SABONET Report No. 37 SPECIES WITH TYPE SPECIMENS FROM BOTSWANA

The type specimens of the following species originate author as a type specimen. from Botswana. The list is not exhaustive, because it is Isotype: duplicate of the holotype collected at the same based mainly on fl oral accounts, which are still in the place and time as the holotype. process of being recorded in Flora Zambesiaca (FZ) and Flora of Southern Africa (FSA). The endemic status of some Lectotype: a specimen chosen by a worker at a later stage, of the species is also based on work done thus far on red which he or she sourced from original material studied data species of Botswana (Setshogo & Hargreaves, 2002). by the author of the species, where a holotype was not As research continues to come up with new information, designated or was lost or destroyed. this is bound to change. The author welcomes any information on type specimens and endemism of Syntype: one of two or more specimens cited by the Botswana species. author of a species where no holotype was designated, or any one or more specimens originally designated as types. The abbreviations PTE, D, and M, used after family names in this section indicate whether the family belongs to Paratype: a specimen cited in the original description the pteridopytes, dicotyledons, or monocotyledons, other than the holotype or isotype. If the author cited respectively. two or more specimens as types, the remaining cited specimens are paratypes. The following are brief defi nitions of the diff erent kinds of type specimens mentioned in this section: Neotype: a specimen chosen to serve as a type where all the original specimens and their duplicates have been lost Holotype: the original specimen used or cited by the or destroyed.

ACANTHACEAE (D) Orbea tapscottii (I.Verd.) L.C.Leach � Blepharis petalidioides Vollesen Type: Lobatse, Tapscott s.n. (K, holotype; KMG). Type: Serowe, October 1940, O.B.Miller B/226 (K, isotype; PRE, holotype). Known only from two collections, one in Baines Drift ASPARAGACEAE (M) and the other in Serowe. Asparagus bechuanicus Baker AMARANTHACEAE (D) Type: Nakalechwe, Lugard 25 (K, holotype; PRE, photograph).

Leucosphaera bainesii (Hook.f.) Gilg ASPHODELACEAE (M) Type: Ngamiland, Kobi Pan to Norton Shaw Valley, 1863, Baines s.n. (K, holotype). Aloe greatheadii Schönland var. greatheadii Type: Mabeleapudi, 29 km north of Serowe, 29-08-1903, APOCYNACEAE (D) Schonland 1616 (GRA, holotype; PRE).

Adenium oleifolium Stapf Aloe marlothii A.Berger subsp. marlothii Type: Bakwena Territory, near Sirome River, Holub s.n. Type: Lobatse, Marloth 3788 (B, holotype). (K, syntype; PRE, syntype). Trachyandra laxa (N.E.Br.) Oberm. var. laxa Ceropegia ﬂ oribunda N.E.Br. Type: Ngamiland, Kwebe (Kgwebe) Hills, 3,000 ft, Mrs Lugard 161 Type: Kalahari Desert, near Bachakuru, E.J.Lugard 234 (K, holotype). (K, holotype).

Hoodia currorii (Hook.) Decne. subsp. lugardii (N.E.Br.) Bruyns ASTERACEAE (COMPOSITAE ) (D) Type: Chukutsa Salt Pan, 2300’, Lugard 303 (K, holotype). � Erlangea remifolia Wild & G.V.Pope Orbea knobelii (E.Phillips) Bruyns Type: Tsodilo Hills, Banks 35 (PRE, holotype). This locality is one Type: near Molepolole, Knobel sub PRE8308 (PRE, holotype). of the very few, isolated hill features in Botswana and is found west of the Okavango Delta. Although the species is similar to

5 TYPE SPECIMENS and may be confused with E. misera (Oliv. & Hiern) S.Moore, it is ERIOSPERMACEAE (M) distinguished by its petiolate leaves. It is endemic to Botswana. � Eriospermum seineri Engl. & K.Krause Hirpicium bechuanense (S.Moore) Roessler Type: Kuke, Seiner 11/332 (presumed lost in World War 2). Type: Mahalapye, 31-01-1912, Rogers 6106 (BM, holotype; K; Although the type specimen was collected from Botswana, very SRGH; Z). little is known about this species. It is not known from anywhere else and therefore might be endemic to Botswana. Further Hirpicium gorterioides (Oliv. & Hiern) Roessler subsp. research is required. gorterioides Type: ‘South Tropical Africa’ (probably Botswana), Baines s.n. (K, EUPHORBIACEAE (D) holotype). Croton megalobotrys Müll.Arg. Vernonia fastigiata Oliv. & Hiern Type: Thamalakane River, male ﬂower, 1856, McCabe in Herb. Type: Kobe Pan (Koobie) to Norton Shaw Valley, Baines s.n. (K, Atherstone 17, 39 (K, syntypes). syntype). Euphorbia duseimata R.A.Dyer Vernonia poskeana Vatke & Hildebr. subsp. botswanica Types: about 160 km northwest of Molepolole, G.J. de Wijn G.V.Pope in NH12426 (PRE, syntype); Seletse (Seletsi), 80 km north of Type: Khutse, Coleman 60 (K, holotype; LISC; SRGH). Molepolole, Knobel s.n. in NH15916 (PRE, syntype).

CAPPARACEAE (D) Euphorbia griseola Pax subsp. griseola Type: Lobatse, Marloth 3413 (B, holotype); 3 km north of Lobatse, � Cleome kalachariensis (Schinz) Gilg & Gilg-Ben. 16-01-1960, Leach & Noel 121 (BR; G; K; LISC; PRE; SRGH, neotype Type: Kaotwe, flowering & fruiting, 10-04-1930, G. van Son in selected by Leach 1967). Herb. Transv. Mus. 28809 (BM; K; PRE, holotype; SRGH). Known from type locality only. � Euphorbia venteri L.C.Leach ex R.H.Archer & S.Carter Type: near Tsessebe, about 45 km north of Francistown, 12- CELASTRACEAE (D) 12-1991, Venter, Hahn & Archer 174 (K, isotype; PRE, holotype; UNIN, isotype). Only one population, which occurs close to Hippocratea parviflora N.E.Br. the border of eastern Botswana, has been recorded from a Type: Ngamiland, Kwebe (Kgwebe) Hills, Lugard 180 (K, gypsum substrate. The possibility exists that this species occurs holotype). in Zimbabwe (Plumtree) as well, but this can not be confirmed without fieldwork and taxonomic validation. CONVOLVULACEAE (D) � Jatropha botswanica Radcl.-Sm. Merremia kentrocaulos (C.B.Clarke) Rendle var. pinnatifida Type: between Bisoli (Bosoli) and Francistown, young fruit, 8- N.E.Br. 03-1965, Wild & Drummond 6818 (K, holotype; LISC; PRE; SRGH). Type: Ngamiland, Kwebe (Kgwebe) Hills, Lugard 82 (K, Not known elsewhere. In dry mopane scrub on bare, black soil holotype). and in Acacia woodland in depressions. This species is fairly well protected since it occurs on black clay, which is not suitable Merremia verecunda Baker & Rendle for arable farming and generally avoided by developments or Type: Ngamiland, Kwebe (Kgwebe) Hills, Lugard 134 (BM, human settlements. Currently known from two localities. lectotype; K, lectotype). Monadenium lugardiae N.E.Br. Turbina holubii (Baker) A.Meeuse Type: Ngamiland, Kwebe (Kgwebe) Hills, 31-08-1897, Type: Leshumo Valley, Holub 512 (K, holotype). Mrs E.J. Lugard 22 (K, holotype).

CUCURBITACEAE (D) FABACEAE (LEGUMINOSAE) (D)

Corallocarpus bainesii (Hook.f.) A.Meeuse Acacia nebrownii Burtt Davy Type: Norton Shaw Valley, Baines s.n. (K, holotype). Type: Ngamiland, Kwebe (Kgwebe) Hills, ﬂowering & fruiting, August 1898, Mrs E.J. Lugard 16 (K, syntype). EBENACEAE (D) Albizia harveyi E.Fourn. Euclea natalensis A.DC. subsp. angustifolia F.White Type: near Lake Ngami, McCabe s.n. (K, holotype). Type: 24 km east of Kanye, ﬂowering, June 1962, Yalala 159 (FHO; K, holotype; SRGH). Alistylus bechuanicus N.E.Br.

6 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red TYPE SPECIMENS

Type: Shoshong, Holub s.n. (K, lectotype). Hibiscus diversifolius Jacq. subsp. rivularis (Bremek. & Oberm.) Exell var. rivularis Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn. subsp. africana Brenan Type: Kabulabula, Chobe River, flowering, July 1930, G. van Son & Brummitt var. lugardiae (N.E.Br.) Brenan & Brummitt in Herb. Transv. Mus. 28936 (BM; PRE, holotype). Type: Lake Ngami, Mrs Lugard 27 (K, holotype). Pavonia clathrata Mast. Rhynchosia stipitata Verdc. Type: Chobe to Norton Shaw Valley, flowering, 1-03-1863, Type: Samochima Lediba, P.A. Smith 2705 (K, holotype; PRE; Baines s.n. (K, holotype). SRGH). MARSILEACEAE (PTE) Vigna vexillata (L.) A.Rich. var. lobatifolia (Baker) Pasquet Type: between Koobie and Norton Shaw Valley, in the interior Marsilea villifolia Bremek. & Oberm. ex Alston & Schelpe near Tropic of Capricorn, Baines s.n. (K, holotype). Type: Ngamiland, pan south of koppies, 07-05-1930, G. van Son 1801c (B, isotype; BM, isotype; BOL, holotype; K; PRE, isotype). IRIDACEAE (M) MOLLUGINACEAE (D) � Gladiolus rubellus Goldblatt Type: Molepolole, 20-05-1984, Plowes 7085 (MO; PRE; UCBG, Limeum argute-carinatum Wawra ex Wawra & Peyr. var. holotype). Restricted to south-eastern Botswana between kwebense (N.E.Br.) Friedr. Molepolole and Lobatse. In stony ground, often in Acacia– Type: Ngamiland, Kwebe (Kwebe) Hills, Lugard 186 (K, holotype). Combretum woodland; flowering in January to March, rarely as late as May. Limeum viscosum (J.Gay) Fenzl subsp. viscosum var. dubium Friedr. LORANTHACEAE (D) Type: without locality, Rogers 6461 (Z, holotype).

Agelanthus lugardii (N.E.Br.) Polhill & Wiens Type: Ngamiland, Kwebe (Kgwebe) Hills, NEURADACEAE (D) Mrs Lugard 20 (K, syntype); Toteng, Lugard 32 (K, syntype). �Neuradopsis bechuanensis Bremek. & Oberm. Erianthemum ngamicum (Sprague) Danser Type: between Kuke and Gomodimo, G. van Son in Transv. Mus. Type: Ntshokutsa, Seiner 2/124 (Z, syntype); Ngamiland, Kwebe 28848 (BM; K; PRE, holotype). Only known from this locality. (Kgwebe) Hills, Mrs Lugard 44 (K, syntype); Lake Ngami, Lugard Terminalia bush or Acacia tree grasslands on Kalahari sands, 30 (K, syntype). 1,000 m above sea level.

Plicosepalus kalachariensis (Schinz) Danser ORCHIDACEAE (M) Type: Okavango, Fleck 307 (not known where syntype is); Lake Ngami, Fleck 314a (syntype in Z ﬁde N.E.Brown in lit., Eulophia holubii Rolfe 25-11-1909). Type: Leshumo (Leshomo) River, Holub s.n. (K, holotype).

Habenaria pasmithii G.Will. LYTHRACEAE (D) Type: by Okavango River, 18º25’, 22º01’, P.A. Smith 2719 (K; PRE; SRGH, holotype). Nesaea drummondii A.Fern. Type: Chadum Valley, SWA border, 16 km west of Knau Knau (Nxau Xau), Wild & Drummond 7019 (COI; K; SRGH, holotype). PEDALIACEAE (D)

� Nesaea minima Immelman Pterodiscus ngamicus N.E.Br. ex Stapf Type: 1824 Kachikau, Zwezwe Flats, 18-5-1977, Smith 2037 Type: Lake Ngami, fruiting, with no date, Chapman s.n. (K, (PRE, holotype). Known only from the moist grassy area of the lectotype). ﬂoodplain of the Ngwezumba River within the Chobe National Park. This plant is therefore endemic to Botswana. Sesamothamnus lugardii N.E.Br. ex Stapf Type: northern Kalahari desert, near Tsokotse Salt Pan, 1'500m, MALVACEAE (D) Lugard 274 (K, holotype).

Gossypium herbaceum L. subsp. africanum (Watt) Vollesen Sesamum triphyllum Welw. ex Asch. var. triphyllum Type: Ngamiland, Kwebe (Kgwebe) Hills, Lugard 198 (K, Type: Gemsbok, G. van Son T.M. 28963 (M, isotype; PRE, lectotype). holotype; SRGH, isotype).

7 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana TYPE SPECIMENS

POACEAE (GRAMINEAE) (M) PTERIDACEAE (PTE)

Aristida stipitata Hack. subsp. spicata (De Winter) Melderis Cheilanthes botswanae Schelpe & N.C.Anthony Type: Tsabong, De Winter 7485 (PRE, holotype; K; SRGH, isotypes). Type: Otse Hills, 25 miles SE of Gaborone, 4'000 ft, 30-06-1974, Mott 292 (BOL, holotype; GH; K; PRE; SRGH; UCBG, isotypes). � Aristida wildii Melderis Type: 10 km north of Aha Hills, 12-03-1965, Wild & Drummond RUBIACEAE (D) 6948 (BM, holotype; K, SRGH, isotypes). Known from three localities: two from Aha Hills and the third from Kwebe (Kgwebe) Kohautia microﬂora D.Mantell Hills. Not known elsewhere. In Combretum apiculatum–Terminalia Type: Khalakhati (Kgalagadi), Ditatso Pan, 958 m, ﬂowering & prunioides savanna on shallow sand overlying frequently fruiting, 25-02-1963, Leistner 3073 (PRE, holotype). oucropping limestone. Spermacoce deserti N.E.Br. Eragrostis leptotricha Cope Type: Kalahari Desert, near Bachakuru, Lugard 233 (K, holotype). Type: Qangwa River, 22-04-1981, P.A.Smith 3657 (K; SRGH, holotype). SCROPHULARIACEAE (D)

Eragrostis phyllacantha Cope Alectra bainesii Hemsl. Type: Ghanzi, 25-07-1955, Story 5035 (K, holotype). Type: Koobie to Norton Shaw Valley, 01-03-1863, Baines s.n. (K, holotype). � Eragrostis subglandulosa Cope Type: Qangwa River, near Qangwa Village, 20-04-1981, Aptosimum lugardiae (N.E.Br.) E.Phillips P.A. Smith 3618 (K, holotype; PRE; SRGH). Type: Ngamiland, Kwebe (Kgwebe) Hills, about 1,000 m, ﬂowering & fruiting, 24-01-1898, Mrs Lugard 124 (K, holotype). Panicum bechuanense Bremek. & Oberm. Type: Kuke Pan, G. van Son in Herb. Trans. Mus. 28611 (K, isotype; Selago welwitschii Rolfe var. holubii (Rolfe) Brenan PRE, holotype). Type: Damasetshe (Tamasetzi), east Bamangwato District, Holub 1090 (K, lectotype). � Panicum coloratum L. var. makarikariense Gooss. Type: Makarikari (Makgadikgadi) Pan, xii.1929, Pentz in Nat. STERCULIACEAE (D) Herb. PRE8416, Phillips & Goosens in Nat Herb. PRE8787 (both PRE, syntypes). This variety is only known outside Botswana as an Hermannia modesta (Ehrenb.) Mast. introduction (Renvoize (1989) in FZ 10,3: 31). Several cultivars Type: near Ghanzi, Baines s.n. (K, syntype). have been selected, which are cultivated in some other parts of Africa and Australia [Bogdan, Tropical Pasture and Fodder Plants: TILIACEAE (D) 178 (1977)]. Grewia subspathulata N.E.Br. Sporobolus bechuanicus Gooss. Type: Ngamiland, Kwebe (Kgwebe) Hills, ﬂowering, December Type: Pentz in Herb. PRE8417, Pole Evans 3277, 3279 (K, PRE, 1896, Lugard 92a (K, holotype). syntypes). VITACEAE (D) PORTULACACEAE (D) Cyphostemma puberulum (C.A.Sm.) Portulaca kermesina N.E.Br. Wild & R.B.Drumm. Type: Crocodile River, Klingberg s.n. (B, holotype). Type: Bamangwato country, Holub s.n. (K, holotype).

8 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red REFERENCES

ALLEN, A. 1978. A preliminary reconnaissance of the vegetation FIELD, D.I. 1976. A handbook of common grasses in Botswana. of Orapa and environs. Botswana Notes and Records 10: Ministry of Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana. 149–186. Flora Zambesiaca Volumes 1(1), 1(2), 2(1), 2(2), 3(1), (3(5), 3(6), ARNOLD, T. & DE WET, B.C. 1993. Plants of southern Africa: names 4, 5(1), 5(2), 6(1), 7(1), 7(4), 8(1), 8(2), 8(3), 9(1), 9(2), 9(4), and distribution. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, 9(5), 9(6), 10(1), 10(2), 10(3), 10(4), 11(1), 11(2), 12(3) & South Africa. 12(4). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom.

BARNES, J.E. & TURTON, L.M. 1986. A list of fl owering plants of FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL ORGANISATION OF THE UNITED Botswana in the herbaria at the National Museum, Sebele NATIONS, 1988. Traditional food plants. Food and and University of Botswana. The Botswana Society, Nutrition Paper 42. Rome, Italy. Gaborone, Botswana. Fourth report of the Place Names Commission. 1988. Ministry of BARNES, J.E., TURTON, L.M. & KALAKE, E. 1994. A list of fl owering Local Government and Lands, Gaborone, Botswana. plants of Botswana in the herbaria at the National Museum, Sebele and University of Botswana. Revised FOX, F. W. & NORWOOD YOUNG, M.E. 1982. Food from the veld. edition. The Botswana Society and the National Museum, Delta Books, Cape Town, South Africa. Monuments and Art Gallery, Gaborone, Botswana. GIBBS RUSSELL, G.E., WATSON, L., KOEKEMOER, M., SMOOK, L., BEKKER, R.P. & DE WIT, P.V. 1991. Contribution to the vegetation BARKER, N.P., ANDERSON, H.M. & DALLWITZ, M.J. 1991. classifi cation of Botswana. Government Printer, Grasses of southern Africa. National Botanical Institute, Gaborone, Botswana. Pretoria, South Africa.

DE BEER, J.S. 1962. Provisional vegetation map of Bechuanaland GLEDHILL, D. 1989. The names of plants. Second Edition. Protectorate. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom. BLOMBERG-ERATINGER, V. & TURTON, L. 1988. Some ﬂ owering plants of southeastern Botswana. The Botswana Society, GUNN, M. & CODD, L.E. 1981. Botanical exploration of southern Gaborone, Botswana. Africa. Balkema, Cape Town, South Africa.

BREMEKAMP, C.E.B. 1935. A list of plants collected, Vernay-Lang HARGREAVES, B. 1990. The succulents of Botswana: an annotated Expedition 1930. Annals of The Tranvaal Museum, Vol. XVI, checklist. Government Printer, Gaborone, Botswana. Part III. HENDERSON, L. 1995. Plant invaders of southern Africa. BROWN, N.E. 1909. List of plants collected in Ngamiland Agricultural Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa. and northern part of the Kalahari. Kew Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, 1909. HENDERSON, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants. Agricultural Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa. BRUMMITT, R.K. (compiler) 1992. Vascular plant families and genera. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. HEYWOOD, V.H. 1993. Flowering plants of the world. Batsford Ltd. London, United Kingdom. BRUMMITT, R.K. & POWELL, C.E. 1992. Authors of plant names. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom. JEFFREY, C. 1989. An introduction to plant taxonomy. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom. CAMPBELL, A. & HITCHCOCK, R. 1985. Some Setswana names of woody plants. Botswana Notes and Records 17: 117–130. JONES, A.B. & LUCHSINGER, A.E. 1987. Plant systematics. Second edition. McGraw-Hill, New York, USA. COLE, D.T. 1995. Setswana - animals and plants (Setswana - ditshedi le ditlhare). Botswana Society, Gaborone, KGASA, M.L.A. & TSONOPE, J. 1995. Thanodi ya Setswana. Botswana. Longman Botswana (Pty.) Ltd., Gaborone, Botswana.

ELLERY, K. & ELLERY, W. 1997. Plants of the Okavango Delta. Tsaro KGOMOTSO, M. 1984. Thutapuo ya Setswana. Poeletso ya bobedi. Publishers, Durban, South Africa. Longman Botswana (Pty.) Ltd., Gaborone, Botswana.

SABONET Report No. 37 9 LABOVITCH, L. 1978. Traditional and new methods of dealing SETSHOGO, M.P. 1998. Setswana plant names and the with arable weeds in Botswana. Botswana Notes and identiﬁcation of local ﬂora. Botswana Notes and Records Records 10: 187–197. 30: 57–66.

LARSON, T.J. 1981. Hambukushu ethnobotany. Botswana Notes SETSHOGO, M.P. & HARGREAVES, B.J. 2002. Botswana. In J.S. and Records 13: 145–150. Golding (ed.), Southern African Red Data Lists. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 14: LEISTNER, O.A. (ed.), 2000. Seed plants of southern Africa: 16–20. SABONET, Pretoria, South Africa. families and genera. Strelitzia 10. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, South Africa. SMEC 1989. Ecological zoning of the Okavango Delta, Volumes I & II. Ministry of Local Government, Lands and Housing, MASONJA, J. 1993. National Museum Garden. Zebra’s Voice Gaborone, Botswana. 20(3): 8–10. STEARN, W.T. 1992. Botanical Latin. Fourth Edition. David & MILLER, O.B. 1952. The woody plants of the Bechuanaland Charles, Newton Abbot, United Kingdom. Protectorate. Journal of South African Botany XVIII: 1–100. TIMBERLAKE, J. 1980. Handbook of Botswana Acacias. Division MEYER, N.L., MÖSSMER, M., & SMITH, G.F. (eds) 1997. Taxonomic of Land Utilisation, Ministry of Agriculture, Gaborone, literature of southern African plants. National Botanical Botswana. Institute, Pretoria, South Africa. VAN WYK, B. E. VAN OUDTSHOORN, B. & GERICKE, N. 1997. O’SHEA, B.J. 1999. Checklist of the mosses of sub-Saharan Medicinal plants of South Africa. Briza Publications, Africa. Tropical Bryology Research Reports 1. London, Pretoria, South Africa. United Kingdom. VENTER, F. & VENTER, J. 1996. Making the most of indigenous PALGRAVE, K.C. 1977. Trees of southern Africa. Struik Publishers, trees. Briza Publications, Pretoria, South Africa. Cape Town, South Africa. WEARE, P.R. & YALALA, A. 1971. Provisional vegetation map of PHILLIPS, M. 1991. A guide to the weeds of Botswana. Printing Botswana. Botswana Notes and Records 3: 131–147. and Publishing Company, Gaborone, Botswana. WELLS, M.J., BALSINHAS, A.A., JOFFE, H., ENGELBRECHT, V.M., POLE EVANS, I.B. 1948. A reconnaisance trip through the HARDING, G. & STIRTON, C.H. 1986. A Catalogue of eastern portion of the Bechuanaland Protectorate, problem plants in southern Africa. Botanical Research April 1931 and an expedition to Ngamiland, June–July Institute, Pretoria, South Africa. 1937. Botanical Survey of South Africa Memoir No. 21. Government Printer, Pretoria, South Africa. WIGGINTON, M.J. 2002. Checklist and distribution of the liverworts and hornworts of sub-Saharan Africa, ROODT, V. 1993. The Shell field guide to the common trees of including the East African Islands. First edition. the Okavango Delta and Moremi Game Reserve. Shell Oil Tropical Bryology Research Reports 3. London, United Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana. Kingdom.

ROODT, V. 1998. Trees and shrubs of the Okavango Delta: WILD, H. & FERNANDES, A. (eds) 1967. Flora zambesiaca medicinal uses and nutritional value. Shell Oil Botswana supplement: vegetation map of the Flora zambesiaca (Pty) Ltd., Gaborone, Botswana. area. Collins (Pty.) Ltd., Harare, Zimbabwe.

ROODT, V. 1998. Common wild flowers of the Okavango Delta: WOOLLARD, J. 1980. A vegetative key to the woody plants medicinal uses and nutritional value. Shell Oil Botswana of southeastern Botswana. University of Botswana, (Pty) Ltd., Gaborone, Botswana. Gaborone, Botswana.

ROUX, J.P. 2001. Conspectus of southern African Pteridophyta. WOOLLARD, J. 1984. A vegetative key to the woody plants of Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. southern Botswana. University of Botswana, Gaborone, 13. SABONET, Pretoria, South Africa. Botswana.

10 SABONET Report No. 37 ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana

SABONET Report No. 37 11 BRYOPHYTES

AMBLYSTEGIACEAE pernana (Müll.Hal.) Paris = P. dregeana zuluensis Broth. & Bryhn = P. hastata AMBLYSTEGIUM Schimp. afroﬂ uitans (Müll.Hal.) Sim = Leptodictyum riparium BRYACEAE

LEPTODICTYUM (Schimp.) Warnst. BRACHYMENIUM Schwägr. riparium (Hedw.) Warnst. PRE S acuminatum Harv. PRE (Amblystegium afrofl uitans (Müll.Hal.) Sim) (B. borgenianum Hampe) (B. lonchopus P.de la Varde) AYTONIACEAE (B. pallidojulaceum (Müll.Hal.) Paris) (Mielichhoferia squarrulosa Müll.Hal.) ASTERELLA P.Beauv. borgenianum Hampe = B. acuminatum bachmannii (Steph.) S.W.Arnell s lonchopus P.de la Varde = B. acuminatum marginata (Nees) S.W.Arnell PRE pallidojulaceum (Müll.Hal.) Paris = B. acuminatum muscicola (Steph.) S.W.Arnell PRE BRYUM Hedw. PLAGIOCHASMA Lehm. & Lindenb. argenteum Hedw. PRE algericum Steph. = P. rupestre var. rupestre (B. argenteum Hedw. var. proliferum Sim) dschallanum Steph. = P. rupestre var. rupestre (B. argenteum Hedw. var. viride Sim) rupestre (J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Steph. var. rupestre PRE (B. capensiargenteum Müll.Hal.) (P. algericum Steph.) (B. oranicum Müll.Hal.) (P. dschallanum Steph.) (B. stellipilum Müll.Hal.) (P. tenue Steph.) argenteum Hedw. var. proliferum Sim = B. argenteum tenue Steph. = P. rupestre var. rupestre argenteum Hedw. var. viride Sim = B. argenteum bicolor Dicks. = B. dichotomum BARTRAMIACEAE capensiargenteum Müll.Hal. = B. argenteum capillare Hedw. PRE BARTRAMIA Hedw. dichotomum Hedw. PRE afrouncinata Müll.Hal. = Philonotis dregeana (B. bicolor Dicks.) (B. rigidicuspis Dixon) PHILONOTIS Brid. oranicum Müll.Hal. = B. argenteum afrocapillaris Dixon ex Sim = P. dregeana rigidicuspis Dixon = B. dichotomum afrofontana (Müll.Hal.) Paris = P. falcata stellipilum Müll.Hal. = B. argenteum afrofontana (Müll.Hal.) Paris var. gracilescens (Müll.Hal.) Paris = P. dregeana MIELICHHOFERIA Nees & Hornsch. androgyna (Hampe) A.Jaeger = P. dregeana squarrulosa Müll.Hal. = Brachymenium acuminatum dregeana (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger PRE (Bartramia afrouncinata Müll.Hal.) DICRANACEAE (P. afrocapillaris Dixon ex Sim) (P. afrofontana (Müll.Hal.) Paris var. gracilescens CAMPYLOPUS Brid. (Müll.Hal.) Paris) bequaertii Thér. & Naveau = C. savannarum (P. androgyna (Hampe) A.Jaeger) delagoae (Müll.Hal.) Paris = C. savannarum (P. pernana (Müll.Hal.) Paris) echinatus Rehmann ex Sim = C. introfl exus falcata (Hook.) Mitt. PRE introfl exus (Hedw.) Brid. PRE (P. afrofontana (Müll.Hal.) Paris) (C. echinatus Rehmann ex Sim) hastata (Duby) Wijk & Margad. PRE (C. lepidophyllus (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger) (P. imbricatula Mitt.) (C. leucobasis (Müll.Hal.) Paris) (P. laxissima (Müll.Hal.) Mitt.) (C. weisiopsis (Müll.Hal.) Paris) (P. obtusata Müll.Hal. ex Renauld & Cardot) lepidophyllus (Müll.Hal.) A.Jaeger = C. introfl exus (P. zuluensis Broth. & Bryhn) leucobasis (Müll.Hal.) Paris = C. introfl exus imbricatula Mitt. = P. hastata savannarum (Müll.Hal.) Mitt. PRE laxissima (Müll.Hal.) Mitt. = P. hastata (C. bequaertii Thér. & Naveau) obtusata Müll.Hal. ex Renauld & Cardot = P. hastata (C. delagoae (Müll.Hal.) Paris)

12 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red POTTIACEAE

(Thysanomitrion inandae (Müll.Hal.) Broth.) (Gymnostomum pottsii (Dixon) Sim) weisiopsis (Müll.Hal.) Paris = C. introﬂexus (Gymnostomum wageri Schelpe) (Hymenostylium ceratodonteum (Müll.Hal.) Broth.) THYSANOMITRION Schwaegr. (Hyophila basutensis Sim) inandae (Müll.Hal.) Broth. = Campylopus savannarum perrevolutus P.de la Varde = D. ceratodonteus

ERPODIACEAE GYMNOSTOMUM Nees & Hornsch. dimorphum (Müll.Hal.) Sim = Didymodon ceratodonteus ERPODIUM (Brid.) Brid. gracile (Wager & Dixon) Dixon = Didymodon ceratodonteus beccarii Müll.Hal. PRE pottsii (Dixon) Sim = Didymodon ceratodonteus (E. hanningtonii Mitt.) wageri Schelpe = Didymodon ceratodonteus hanningtonii Mitt. = E. beccarii HYMENOSTYLIUM Brid. FABRONIACEAE ceratodonteum (Müll.Hal.) Broth. = Didymodon ceratodonteus

FABRONIA Raddi HYOPHILA Brid. pilifera Hornsch. PRE basutensis Sim = Didymodon ceratodonteus zeyheri (Hampe) A.Jaeger = Trichostomum brachydontium FISSIDENTACEAE PHASCUM Hedw. FISSIDENS Hedw. leptophyllum Müll.Hal. = Chenia leptophylla bogosicus Müll.Hal. PRE (F. microandrogynus Dixon) PLAUBELIA Brid. erosulus (Müll.Hal.) Paris PRE involuta (Magill) R.H.Zander PRE macowanianus Müll.Hal. = F. rufescens (Weisiopsis involuta Magill) microandrogynus Dixon = F. bogosicus minutiretis Dixon = F. rufescens POTTIA Ehrh. ex Fürnr. rufescens Hornsch. PRE afrophaea Müll.Hal. = Trichostomum brachydontium (F. macowanianus Müll.Hal.) (F. minutiretis Dixon) PSEUDOCROSSIDIUM R.S.Williams crinitum (Schultz) R.H.Zander PRE FUNARIACEAE porphyreoneurum (Müll.Hal.) R.H.Zander PRE (Barbula torquatifolia Geh.) FUNARIA Hedw. (Tortula porphyreoneura (Müll.Hal.) C.C.Towns.) longicollis Dixon replicatum (Taylor) R.H.Zander PRE (Barbula acutata Müll.Hal.) POTTIACEAE SPLACHNOBRYUM Müll.Hal. BARBULA Hedw. (Sometimes placed in Splachnobryaceae) acutata Müll.Hal. = Pseudocrossidium replicatum obtusum (Brid.) Müll.Hal. s torquatifolia Geh. = Pseudocrossidium porphyreoneurum TORTULA Hedw. CHENIA R.H.Zander porphyreoneura (Müll.Hal.) C.C.Towns. = Pseudocrossidium leptophylla (Müll.Hal.) R.H.Zander PRE porphyreoneurum (Phascum leptophyllum Müll.Hal.) TRICHOSTOMUM Bruch DIDYMODON Hedw. brachydontium Bruch PRE afrum Müll.Hal. = D. ceratodonteus (Hyophila zeyheri (Hampe) A.Jaeger) ceratodonteus (Müll.Hal.) Dixon PRE (Pottia afrophaea Müll.Hal.) (D. afrum Müll.Hal.) (D. perrevolutus P.de la Varde) WEISIOPSIS Broth. (Gymnostomum dimorphum (Müll.Hal.) Sim) involuta Magill = Plaubelia involuta (Gymnostomum gracile (Wager & Dixon) Dixon)

13 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana HEPATOPHYTES

EXORMOTHECACEAE canescens Steph. = R. crinita cavernosa Hoﬀ m. emend. Raddi PRE EXORMOTHECA Mitt. (R. rautanenii Steph.) holstii Steph. PRE congoana Steph. PRE (E. megastomata Marquand) (R. rhodesiae S.W.Arnell) megastomata Marquand = E. holstii crinita Taylor PRE pustulosa Mitt. s (R. canescens Steph.) (R. trichocarpa M.Howe) JUNGERMANNIACEAE microciliata O.H.Volk & Perold PRE okahandjana S.W.Arnell PRE JUNGERMANNIA perssonii Sultan Khan s borgenii Gottsche ex Pearson s pseudolimbata S.W.Arnell = R. angolensis rautanenii Steph. = R. cavernosa RICCIACEAE rhodesiae S.W.Arnell = R. congoana rosea O.H.Volk & Perold PRE RICCIA L. runssorensis Steph. PRE albolimbata S.W.Arnell PRE stricta (Lindenb.) Perold PRES angolensis Steph. PRE trichocarpa M.Howe = R. crinita (R. pseudolimbata S.W.Arnell) argenteolimbata O.H.Volk & Perold PRE RICCIOCARPOS Corda atropurpurea Sim PRE natans (L.) Corda PRE S

14 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red PTERIDOPHYTES

ASPLENIACEAE minuta L. var. minuta GAB PRE PSUB S nubica A.Braun var. gymnocarpa (Lepr. ex A.Braun) Launert ASPLENIUM L. GAB PRE PSUB S cordatum (Thunb.) Sw. GAB PRE UCBG nubica A.Braun var. nubica GAB PSUB S (Ceterach cordatum (Thunb.) Desv.) unicornis Launert PRE UCBG S vera Launert PRE PSUB UCBG S CETERACH DC. villifolia Bremek. & Oberm. ex Alston & Schelpe B BM BOL cordatum (Thunb.) Desv. = Asplenium cordatum GAB PRE PSUB S

AZOLLACEAE OPHIOGLOSSACEAE

AZOLLA Lam. OPHIOGLOSSUM L. pinnata R.Br. subsp. africana (Desv.) R.M.K.Saunders & K.Fowler costatum R.Br. GAB PRE BM GAB PRE PSUB S lancifolium C.Presl PRE nudicaule L.f. s DENNSTAEDTIACEAE polyphyllum A.Braun BM GAB PRE SRGH UCBG

MICROLEPIA C.Presl PARKERIACEAE speluncae (L.) T.Moore GAB SRGH UCBG CERATOPTERIS Brongn. EQUISETACEAE cornuta (P.Beauv.) Lepr. = C. thalictroides thalictroides (L.) Brongn. PRE EQUISETUM L. (C. cornuta (P.Beauv.) Lepr.) ramosissimum Desf. GAB PRE UCBG PTERIDACEAE ISOETACEAE ACTINIOPTERIS Link ISOETES L. dimorpha Pic.Serm. K GAB PRE SRGH alstonii C.F.Reed & Verdc. = I. schweinfurthii radiata (J.König ex Sw.) Link GAB PRE UCBG kersii Wanntorp = I. schweinfurthii rhodesiana Alston = I. schweinfurthii ADIANTUM L. schweinfurthii A.Braun GAB S capillus-veneris L. GAB PRE (I. alstonii C.F.Reed & Verdc.) incisum Forssk. GAB PRE UCBG (I. kersii Wanntorp) (I. rhodesiana Alston) CHEILANTHES Sw. botswanae Schelpe & N.C.Anthony BOL GH K PRE LYCOPODIACEAE SRGH UCBG concolor (Langsd. & Fisch.) R.M.Tryon & A.F.Tryon = LYCOPODIUM L. Doryopteris concolor dregei C.Presl = Selaginella dregei hirta Sw. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG inaequalis (Kunze) Mett. var. inaequalis PRE MARSILEACEAE (Notholaena inaequalis Kunze) involuta (Sw.) Schelpe & N.C.Anthony var. involuta UCBG MARSILEA L. involuta (Sw.) Schelpe & N.C.Anthony var. obscura aegyptiaca Willd. BOL SRGH (N.C.Anthony) N.C.Anthony PRE apposita Launert PRE S rawsonii (Pappe) Mett. ex Kuhn s burchellii (Kunze) A.Braun BM PRE S viridis (Forssk.) Sw. var. glauca (Sim) Schelpe & N.C.Anthony coromandelina Willd. PRE PRE SRGH UCBG ephippiocarpa Alston BM PRE S (Pellaea viridis (Forssk.) Prantl var. glauca (Sim) Sim) farinosa Launert subsp. arrecta J.E.Burrows GAB PRE SRGH UCBG S DORYOPTERIS J.Sm. farinosa Launert subsp. farinosa GAB PRE SRGH UCBG S concolor (Langsd. & Fisch.) Kuhn K GAB PRE macrocarpa C.Presl PRE PSUB UCBG S ( Cheilanthes concolor (Langsd. & Fisch.) R.M.Tryon & A.F.Tryon)

15 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana PTERIDACEAE (cont.)

NOTHOLAENA R.Br. = CHEILANTHES (S. dregei (C.Presl) Hieron. var. pretoriensis Hieron.) inaequalis Kunze = Cheilanthes inaequalis var. inaequalis (S. dregei (C.Presl) Hieron. var. rehmanniana Hieron.) (S. grisea Alston) PELLAEA Link dregei (C.Presl) Hieron. var. bachmanniana Hieron. = S. dregei boivinii Hook. PRE dregei (C.Presl) Hieron. var. pretoriensis Hieron. = S. dregei calomelanos (Sw.) Link var. calomelanos BOL K GAB dregei (C.Presl) Hieron. var. rehmanniana Hieron. = S. dregei PRE UCBG grisea Alston = S. dregei viridis (Forssk.) Prantl var. glauca (Sim) Sim = Cheilanthes viridis kraussiana (Kunze) A.Braun UCBG s var. glauca mittenii Baker UCBG s nivea Alston PRE PTERIS L. njam-njamensis Hieron.s vittata L. GAB PRE THELYPTERIDACEAE SALVINIACEAE CYCLOSORUS Link SALVINIA Ség. interruptus (Willd.) H.Itô BOL K LISC GAB PRE ✹molesta D.S.Mitch. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG SÖ SRGH UCBG (Thelypteris interrupta (Willd.) K.Iwats) SELAGINELLACEAE (Thelypteris totta (Thunb.) Schelpe)

SELAGINELLA P.Beauv. THELYPTERIS Schmidel dregei (C.Presl) Hieron. GAB PRE UCBG conﬂuens (Thunb.) Morton GAB PRE UCBG S (Lycopdium dregei C.Presl) interrupta (Willd.) K.Iwats. = Cyclosorus interruptus (S. dregei (C.Presl) Hieron. var. bachmanniana Hieron.) totta (Thunb.) Schelpe = Cyclosorus interruptus

16 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red DICOTYLEDONS

ACANTHACEAE prionitis L. PRE (B. coriacea Oberm.) ACANTHODIUM Delile quadriloba Oberm. = B. lugardii diversispinum Nees = Blepharis diversispina randii S.Moore GAB PRE UCBG serrulatum Nees = Blepharis serrulata rautanenii Schinz = B. lancifolia rigida Nees PRE SRGH UCBG ACANTHUS L. (B. irritans Nees var. rigida (Nees) C.B.Clarke) integrifolius L.f. = Blepharis integrifolia var. integrifolia (B. rigida Nees var. ilicina (E.Mey. ex Anderson) Oberm.) maderaspatensis L. = Blepharis maderaspatensis subsp (B. schenckii Schinz) maderaspatensis var. maderaspatensis rigida Nees var. ilicina (E.Mey. ex Anderson) Oberm. = B. rigida schenckii Schinz = B. rigida ADHATODA Mill. senensis Klotzsch GAB PRE PSUB UCBG anselliana Nees = Justicia anselliana (B. albida Lindau) divaricata Nees = Monechma divaricatum (B. eenii S.Moore) fl ava (Vahl) Nees = Justicia fl ava (B. petrophila Lindau) (B. spathulata N.E.Br.) ASYSTASIA Blume spathulata N.E.Br. = B. senensis gangetica (L.) T.Anderson subsp. micrantha (Nees) Ensermu spinulosa Klotzsch PRE GAB PRE PSUB UCBG virgula C.B.Clarke PRE schimperi T.Anderson PRE PSUB UCBG BLEPHARIS Juss. BARLERIA L. angusta (Nees) T.Anders. UCBG affi nis C.B.Clarke GAB PRE UCBG aspera Oberm. PRE (B. heterotricha Lindau) bainesii S.Moore ex C.B.Clarke PRE PSUB UCBG ♦ alata S.Moore = B. lancifolia boerhaaviifolia Pers. = B. maderaspatensis subsp. albida Lindau = B. senensis maderaspatensis albi-pilosa Hainz PRE var. maderaspatensis breyeri Oberm. = B. lugardii caloneura S.Moore var. angustifolia Oberm. = B. tenuiramea capitata Klotzsch GAB UCBG diversispina (Nees) C.B.Clarke GAB PRE PSUB UCBG cinereicaulis C.B.Clarke = B. lancifolia (Acanthodium diversispinum Nees) coriacea Oberm. = B. prionitis (B. grisea S.Moore) eenii S.Moore = B. senensis grisea S.Moore = B. diversispina galpinii C.B.Clarke PRE UCBG inaequalis C.B.Clarke PRE halimoides Nees = Petalidium halimoides integrifolia (L.f.) E.Mey. ex Schinz var. integrifolia PRE hereroensis Engl. = B. lancifolia PSUB UCBG heterotricha Lindau = B. affi nis (Acanthus integrifolius L.f.) irritans Nees var. rigida (Nees) C.B.Clarke = B. rigida (B. molluginifolia Pers.) lancifolia T.Anderson GAB PRE PSUB UCBG leendertziae Oberm. GAB PRE UCBG (B. alata S.Moore) maderaspatensis (L.) B.Heyne ex Roth GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (B. cinereicaulis C.B.Clarke) (Acanthus maderaspatensis L.) (B. hereroensis Engl.) (B. boerhaaviifolia Pers.) (B. latiloba Engl.) (B. maderaspatensis (L.) B.Heyne ex Roth subsp. rubiifolia (B. rautanenii Schinz) (Schumach.) Napper) latiloba Engl. = B. lancifolia (B. rubiifolia (Schumach.) Napper) lugardii C.B.Clarke GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (B. teaguei Oberm.) (B. breyeri Oberm.) maderaspatensis (L.) B.Heyne ex Roth subsp. rubiifolia (B. quadriloba Oberm.) (Schumach.) Napper = B. maderaspatensis mackenii Hook.f. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG molluginifolia Pers. = B. integrifolia var. integrifolia macrostegia Nees GAB PRE UCBG naegelsbachii Oberm. = B. obmitrata matopensis S.Moore ♦s obmitrata C.B.Clarke PRE UCBG megalosiphon Mildbr. PRE (B. naegelsbachii Oberm.) petrophila Lindau = B. senensis petalidioides Vollesen K PRE UCBG pretoriensis C.B.Clarke PRE UCBG pruinosa Engl. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG

17 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana ACANTHACEAE (cont.)

rubiifolia (Schumach) Napper = B. maderaspatensis seticalyx C.B.Clarke = Ruspolia seticalyx serrulata (Nees) Ficalho & Hiern PRE UCBG GENDARUSSA Nees (Acanthodium serrulatum Nees) incana Nees = Monechma incanum teaguei Oberm. = B. maderaspatensis subsp. maderaspatensis var. maderaspatensis HEMIGRAPHIS Nees tenuiramea S.Moore PRE prunelloides S.Moore = Hygrophila prunelloides (B. caloneura S.Moore var. angustifolia Oberm.) transvaalensis Schinz PRE UCBG HYGROPHILA R.Br. emend. Heine abyssinica (Hochst. ex Nees) T.Anders. s CALOPHANES D.Don crenata Lindau = Duosperma crenatum setosus Nees = Ruelliopsis setosa linearis Burkill GAB PSUB pilosa Burkill GAB PRE PSUB CRABBEA Harv. pobeguinii Benoist GAB PRE S angustifolia Nees GAB UCBG prunelloides (S.Moore) Heine GAB PRE PSUB S reticulata C.B.Clarke = C. velutina (Hemigraphis prunelloides S.Moore) velutina S.Moore GAB PRE PSUB (C. reticulata C.B.Clarke) HYPOESTES Sol. ex R.Br. forskaolii (Vahl) R.Br. GAB PRE PSUB DIANTHERA L. (Justicia forskaolii Vahl) bicalyculata Retz. = Peristrophe paniculata debilis Forssk. = Monechma debile JUSTICIA L. paniculata Forssk. = Peristrophe paniculata anselliana (Nees) T.Anderson GAB PRE UCBG (Adhatoda anselliana Nees) DICLIPTERA Juss. betonica L. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG clinopodia Nees GAB UCBG (J. betonicoides Burkill & C.B.Clarke) hirta K.Balkwill PRE (J. cheiranthifolia (Nees) C.B.Clarke) minor C.B.Clarke subsp. minor PRE PSUB UCBG (J. pallidior (Nees) C.B.Clarke) spinulosa Hochst. ex K.Balkwill PRE PSUB (J. trinervia Vahl) verticillata (Forssk.) C.Chr. PSUB UCBG betonicoides Burkill & C.B.Clarke = J. betonica canescens Lam. = Nelsonia canescens DUOSPERMA Dayton cheiranthifolia (Nees) C.B.Clarke = J. betonica crenatum (Lindau) P.G.Mey. GAB PRE PSUB dinteri S.Moore = J. heterocarpa subsp. dinteri (Hygrophila crenata Lindau) exigua S.Moore PRE PSUB quadrangulare (Klotzsch) Brummitt PRE flava (Vahl) Vahl GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (Nomaphila quadrangularis Klotzsch) (Adhatoda flava (Vahl) Nees) forskaolii Vahl = Hypoestes forskaolii DYSCHORISTE Nees glabra J.König ex Roxb. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG fischeri Lindau GAB PRE UCBG heterocarpa T.Anders. subsp. dinteri (S.Moore) Hedrén matopensis N.E.Br. GAB UCBG GAB PRE UCBG monroi S.Moore PRE (J. dinteri S.Moore) radicans (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Nees GAB PRE incana (Nees) T.Anderson = Monechma incanum PSUB UCBG kirkiana T.Anderson GAB PRE PSUB (Ruellia radicans Hochst. ex Rich.) lycioides Schinz = J. odora transvaalensis C.B.Clarke GAB PRE UCBG matammensis (Schweinf.) Oliv. GAB PSUB UCBG ECBOLIUM Kurz odora (Forssk.) Vahl GAB PRE PSUB UCBG hamatum (Klotzsch) C.B.Clarke = Megalochlamys hamata (J. lycioides Schinz) revolutum (Lindau) C.B.Clarke = Megalochlamys revoluta (J. polymorpha Schinz) subsp. cognata pallidior (Nees) C.B.Clarke = J. betonica parvibracteata Immelman = J. puberula ELYTRARIA Michx. polymorpha Schinz = J. odora acaulis of authors not of (L.f.) Lindau = E. lyrata protracta (Nees) T.Anderson subsp. rhodesiana (S.Moore) lyrata Vahl GAB PRE Immelman GAB PRE (E. acaulis of authors not of (L.f.) Lindau) (J. rhodesiana S.Moore) puberula Immelman s ERANTHEMUM L. (J. parvibracteata Immelman) decurrens Hochst. ex Nees = Ruspolia decurrens rhodesiana S.Moore = J. protracta subsp. rhodesiana

18 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red ACANTHACEAE (cont.)

trinervia Vahl = J. betonica P. decorticans LEPIDAGATHIS Willd. paniculata (Forssk.) Brummitt GAB PRE PSUB UCBG scabra C.B.Clarke PRE PSUB (Dianthera bicalyculata Retz.) (Dianthera paniculata Forssk.) MEGALOCHLAMYS Lindau (P. bicalyculata (Retz.) Nees) hamata (Klotzsch) Vollesen GAB PRE PSUB transvaalensis (C.B.Clarke) K.Balkwill PRE (Ecbolium hamatum (Klotzsch) C.B.Clarke) marlothii (Engl.) Lindau PETALIDIUM Nees revoluta (Lindau) Vollesen subsp. cognata (N.E.Br.) englerianum (Schinz) C.B.Clarke GAB PRE Vollesen PRE PSUB UCBG (Ecbolium cognatum N.E.Br.) (P. eurychlamys Mildbr.) (Schwabea revoluta Lindau) (P. latifolium (Schinz) C.B.Clarke) (P. ovatum (Schinz) C.B.Clarke) MONECHMA Hochst. (Pseudobarleria engleriana Schinz) angustissimum S.Moore = M. divaricatum eurychlamys Mildbr. = P. englerianum bracteatum Hochst = M. debile latifolium (Schinz) C.B.Clarke = P. englerianum debile (Forssk.) Nees GAB PRE PSUB UCBG ovatum (Schinz) C.B.Clarke = P. englerianum (Dianthera debilis Forssk.) parvifolium C.B.Clarke ex Schinz PRE (M. bracteatum Hochst.) (P. wilmaniae Oberm.) (M. monechmoides (S.Moore) Hutch.) variabile (Engl.) C.B.Clarke s (M. tettense C.B.Clarke) wilmaniae Oberm. = P. parvifolium divaricatum (Nees) C.B.Clarke GAB PRE PSUB UCBG PSEUDOBARLERIA T.Anders. (Adhatoda divaricata Nees) engleriana Schinz = Petalidium englerianum (M. angustissimum S.Moore) (M. fimbriatum C.B.Clarke) RHINACANTHUS Nees (M. floridum C.B.Clarke) xerophilus A.Meeuse PRE (M. namaense (Schinz) C.B.Clarke) (M. nepeta (S.Moore) C.B.Clarke) RUELLIA L. (M. nepetoides C.B.Clarke) otaviensis P.G.Mey. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (M. terminale S.Moore) patula Jacq. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG fimbriatum C.B.Clarke = M. divaricatum radicans Hochst. ex Rich. = Dyschoriste radicans floridum C.B.Clarke = M. divaricatum genistifolium (Engl.) C.B.Clarke subsp. australe RUELLIOPSIS C.B.Clarke (P.G.Mey.) Munday PRE damarensis S.Moore PRE incanum (Nees) C.B.Clarke GAB PRE UCBG setosa (Nees) C.B.Clarke GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (Gendarussa incana Nees) (Calophanes setosus Nees) (Justicia incana (Nees) T.Anderson) monechmoides (S.Moore) Hutch. = M. debile RUSPOLIA Lindau namaense (Schinz) C.B.Clarke = M. divaricatum decurrens (Hochst. ex Nees) Milne-Redh. GAB PRE PSUB nepeta (S.Moore) C.B.Clarke = M. divaricatum (Eranthemum decurrens Hochst. ex Nees) nepetoides C.B.Clarke = M. divaricatum hypocrateriformis (Vahl) Milne-Redh. var. australis terminale S.Moore = M. divaricatum Milne Redh. PRE tettense C.B.Clarke = M. debile seticalyx (C.B.Clarke) Milne-Redh. GAB PRE (Eranthemum seticalyx C.B.Clarke) NELSONIA R.Br. canescens (Lam.) Spreng. GAB PRE PSUB SCHWABEA Endl. (Justicia canescens Lam.) revoluta Lindau = Megalochlamys revoluta subsp. cognata

NOMAPHILA Blume SCLEROCHITON Harv. quadrangularis Klotzsch = Duosperma quadrangulare ilicifolius A.Meeuse PRE

PERISTROPHE Nees THUNBERGIA Retz. bicalyculata (Retz.) Nees = P. paniculata ✹alata Sims GAB decorticans K.Balkwill GAB PRE aurea N.E.Br. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (P. kotschyana in sense of K.Balkwill not of Nees) neglecta Sond. GAB PRE UCBG kotschyana in sense of K.Balkwill not of Nees = reticulata A.Rich. s

19 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana AIZOACEAE

AIZOACEAE ✹aspera L. var. aspera GAB PRE PSUB UCBG Ö (A. aspera L. var. obtusifolia (Lam.) Suess.) AIZOON L. (A. robusta C.H.Wright) schellenbergii Adamson PRE UCBG aspera L. var. obtusifolia (Lam.) Suess. = A. aspera var. aspera secundum L.f. = Galenia secunda ✹aspera L. var. pubescens (Moq.) Towns. K SRGH Ö virgatum Welw. ex Oliv. PRE aspera L. var. sicula L. K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH atropurpurea Lam. = Pupalia lappacea var. lappacea GALENIA L. corymbosa L. = Polycarpaea corymbosa var. corymbosa procumbens L.f. PRE lappacea L. = Pupalia lappacea var. lappacea secunda (L.f.) Sond. GAB K LISC PRE SRGH PSUB UCBG leptostachya E.Mey. = Achyropsis leptostachya (Aizoon secundum L.f.) repens L. = Alternanthera pungens robusta C.H.Wright = A. aspera var. aspera PLINTHUS Fenzl arenarius Adamson = P. sericeus ACHYROPSIS (Moq.) Hook.f. laxifolius Verdoorn = P. sericeus leptostachya (E.Mey. ex Meisn.) Baker & C.B.Clarke GAB K cryptocarpus Fenzl PRE PRE SRGH UCBG karooicus I.Verd. PRE UCBG (Achyranthes leptostachya E.Mey.) sericeus Pax BM PRE SRGH UCBG (P. arenarius Adamson) AERVA Forssk. (P. laxifolius Verdoorn) ambigua Moq. = A. leucura javanica (Burm.f.) Juss. ex Schult. var. javanica GAB K LISC SESUVIUM L. PRE PSUB SRGH hydaspicum (Edgew.) Gonç. GAB LISC PRE PSUB SRGH � (A. persica (Burm.f.) Merr.) (Trianthema hydaspica Edgew.) (A. tomentosa Forssk.) (Trianthema polysperma Hochst. ex Oliv.) (Iresine javanica Burm.f.) nyasicum (Baker) Gonç. GAB PRE PSUB � lanata (L.) Juss. ex Schult. PRE (Trianthema nyasica Baker) leucura Moq. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (A. ambigua Moq.) TETRAGONIA L. persica (Burm.f.) Merr. = A. javanica var. javanica calycina Fenzl PRE SRGH UCBG � tomentosa Forssk. = A. javanica var. javanica spicata L.f. var. spicata PRE UCBG ALTERNANTHERA Forssk. TRIANTHEMA L. achyrantha R.Br. = A. pungens hydaspica Edgew. = Sesuvium hydaspicum ✹caracasana Kunth K nyasica Baker = Sesuvium nyasicum ✹nodiflora R.Br. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB parvifolia E.Mey. ex Steud. var. parvifolia GAB LISC PRE SRGH UCBG SRGH UCBG (A. sessilis L. var. nodiflora (R.Br.) Kuntze) parvifolia E.Mey. ex Steud. var. rubens (Sond.) Adamson PRE ✹pungens Kunth GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG polysperma Hochst. ex Oliv. = Sesuvium hydaspicum (Achyranthes repens L.) pentandra L. = Zaleya pentandra (A. achyrantha R.Br.) salsoloides Fenzl ex Oliv. var. salsoloides PRE PSUB � ✹sessilis (L.) DC. C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH salsoloides Fenzl ex Oliv. var. stenophylla Adamson UCBG S K PSUB � (Gomphrena sessilis L.) salsoloides Fenzl ex Oliv. var. transvaalensis (Schinz) Adamson sessilis L. var. nodiflora (R.Br.) Kuntze = A. nodiflora PRE � triquetra Rottler ex Willd. subsp. triquetra var. triquetra PRE AMARANTHUS L. PSUB � cruentus L. = A. hybridus subsp. cruentus dinteri Schinz subsp. dinteri K SRGH ZALEYA Burm.f. graecizans L. subsp. graecizans PRE PSUB pentandra (L.) Jeffrey GAB PRE PSUB UCBG � ✹hybridus L. subsp. cruentus (L.) Thell. GAB LISC PRE (Trianthema pentandra L.) PSUB SRGH UCBG (A. cruentus L.) AMARANTHACEAE ✹hybridus L. subsp. hybridus var. erythrostachys Moq. K PRE PSUB UCBG ACHYRANTHES L. ✹ hybridus L. subsp. hybridus var. hybridus PRE praetermissus Brenan K LISC PRE SRGH UCBG aquatica R.Br. = Centrostachys aquatica schinzianus Thell. PRE

20 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red AMARANTHACEAE (cont.)

✹spinosus L. C GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG ( Celosia fleckii Schinz) thunbergii Moq. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG (Celosia humilis Suess.) BRAYULINEA Small (Celosia namaensis Schinz) densa (Willd.) Small = Guilleminea densa (H. rogersii Burtt Davy) laxiflora Lopr. = H. odorata var. odorata CELOSIA L. linearis Schinz GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG digyna Suess. = C. trigyna ( Celosia falcata Lopr.) falcata Lopr. = Hermbstaedtia linearis (Celosia linearis (Schinz) Schinz) fleckii Schinz = Hermbstaedtia fleckii (Celosia schinzii (C.B.Clarke) Suess.) humilis Suess. = Hermbstaedtia fleckii (H. schinzii C.B.Clarke) linearis (Schinz) Schinz = Hermbstaedtia linearis odorata (Burch.) T.Cooke var. albi-rosea Suess. GAB K PRE namaensis Schinz = Hermbstaedtia fleckii PSUB SRGH UCBG odorata Burch. = Hermbstaedtia odorata var. odorata odorata (Burch.) T.Cooke var. aurantiaca (Suess.) recurva Burch. = Hermbstaedtia odorata var. odorata C.C.Towns. scabra (Schinz) Schinz = Hermbstaedtia scabra GAB PSUB UCBG schaeferi Schinz = Hermbstaedtia schaeferi ( H. elegans Moq. var. aurantiaca Suess.) schinzii (C.B.Clarke) Suess. = Hermbstaedtia linearis odorata (Burch.) T.Cooke var. odorata GAB PRE trigyna L. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH PSUB UCBG (C. digyna Suess.) ( Celosia odorata Burch.) (C. triloba E.Mey. ex Meisn.) (Celosia recurva Burch.) triloba E.Mey. ex Meisn. = C. trigyna (H. dammarensis C.B.Clarke) (H. elegans Moq.) CENTROSTACHYS Wall. (H. laxiflora Lopr.) aquatica (R.Br.) Wall. ex Moq. GAB PRE PSUB S (H. recurva (Burch.) C.B.Clarke) (Achyranthes aquatica R.Br.) (H. rubromaginata C.H.Wright) (H. tetrastigma Suess.) CYATHULA Blume (H. transvaalensis Gand.) angustifolia Moq. = Kyphocarpa angustifolia (H. transvaalensis Lopr.) crispa Schinz = C. lanceolata ovata Dinter = H. scabra lanceolata Schinz C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG recurva (Burch.) C.B.Clarke = H. odorata var. odorata (C. crispa Schinz) rogersii Burtt Davy = H. fleckii orthacantha (Hochst. ex Asch.) Schinz GAB K PRE PSUB rubromaginata C.H.Wright = H. odorata var. odorata SRGH UCBG scabra Schinz K PRE PSUB SRGH (Pupalia orthacantha Hochst. ex Asch.) (Celosia scabra (Schinz) Schinz) (H. ovata Dinter) DESMOCHAETA DC. schaeferi (Schinz) Schinz & Dinter PRE atropurpurea DC. = Pupalia lappacea var. lappacea ( Celosia schaeferi Schinz) schinzii C.B.Clarke = H. linearis GOMPHRENA L. tetrastigma Suess. = H. odorata var. odorata ✹celosioides Mart. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG transvaalensis Gand. = H. odorata var. odorata (G. celosioides Mart. forma villosa Suess.) transvaalensis Lopr. = H. odorata var. odorata (G. decumbens Jacq.) celosioides Mart. forma villosa Suess. = G. celosioides ILLECEBRUM L. decumbens Jacq. = G. celosioides densum Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. = Guilleminea densa sessilis L. = Alternanthera sessilis IRESINE P.Browne GUILLEMINEA Kunth javanica Burm.f. = Aerva javanica var. javanica ✹densa (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Moq. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG KYPHOCARPA (Fenzl) Lopr. (Brayulinea densa (Willd.) Small) angustifolia (Moq.) Lopr. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Illecebrum densum Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) ( Cyathula angustifolia Moq.) (K. zeyheri (Moq.) Lopr.) HERMBSTAEDTIA Rchb. (Sericocoma angustifolia (Moq.) Hook.f.) dammarensis C.B.Clarke = H. odorata var. odorata ( Sericocoma hereroensis Suess. & Beyerle) elegans Moq. = H. odorata var. odorata cruciata (Schinz) Schinz PRE elegans Moq. var. aurantiaca Suess. = H. odorata var. aurantiaca quadrangula (Engl.) C.B.Clarke = Nelsia quadrangula fleckii (Schinz) Baker & C.B.Clarke K PRE SRGH UCBG zeyheri (Moq.) Lopr. = K. angustifolia

21 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana AMARANTHACEAE (cont.)

LEUCOSPHAERA Gilg ANACARDIACEAE bainesii (Hook.f.) Gilg GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG HEERIA Meisn. (L. pfeilii Gilg) insignis (Delile) Kuntze var. reticulata Baker f. = (Marcellia bainesii (Hook.f.) C.B.Clarke) Ozoroa insignis subsp. reticulata (Sericocoma bainesii Hook.f.) longipes Engl. & Gilg = Ozoroa longipes (Sericocomopsis bainesii (Hook.f.) Schinz) reticulata (Baker f.) Engl. = Ozoroa insignis subsp. reticulata pfeilii Gilg = L. bainesii LANNEA A.Rich. MARCELLIA Baill. discolor (Sond.) Engl. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG bainesii (Hook.f.) C.B.Clarke = Leucosphaera bainesii (Odina discolor Sond.) sericea (Schinz) C.B.Clarke = Sericorema sericea edulis (Sond.) Engl. var. edulis GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (Odina edulis Sond.) NELSIA Schinz gossweileri Exell & Mendonça subsp. gossweileri PRE quadrangula (Engl.) Schinz GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH kirkii Burtt Davy = L. schweinfurthii var. stuhlmannii (Kyphocarpa quadrangula (Engl.) C.B.Clarke) schweinfurthii (Engl.) Engl. var. stuhlmannii (Engl.) Kokwaro (Sericocoma quadrangula Engl.) PRE SRGH (Sericocomopsis quadrangula (Engl.) Lopr.) (Commiphora porensis Engl.) (L. kirkii Burtt Davy) PUPALIA Juss. (L. stuhlmannii (Engl.) Engl.) atropurpurea (Lam.) Moq. = P. lappacea var. lappacea schweinfurthii (Engl.) Engl. var. tomentosa (Dunkley) ✹lappacea (L.) A.Juss. var. lappacea GAB K PRE PSUB Kokwaro SRGH UCBG GAB PSUB SRGH UCBG (Achyranthes atropurpurea Lam.) (L. stuhlmannii (Engl.) Engl. var. tomentosa Dunkley) (Achyranthes lappacea L.) stuhlmannii (Engl.) Engl. = L. schweinfurthii var. stuhlmannii (Desmochaeta atropurpurea DC.) stuhlmannii (Engl.) Engl. var. tomentosa Dunkley = (P. atropurpurea (Lam.) Moq.) L. schweinfurthii var. tomentosa ✹lappacea (L.) A.Juss. var. velutina (Moq.) Hook. f. PRE micrantha Hauman K PRE SRGH ODINA Engl. orthacantha Hochst. ex Asch. = Cyathula orthacantha discolor Sond. = Lannea discolor remotiﬂora Moq. = Sericorema remotiﬂora edulis Sond. = Lannea edulis var. edulis

SERICOCOMA Fenzl OZOROA Delile angustifolia (Moq.) Hook.f. = Kyphocarpa angustifolia albicans R.Fern. & A.Fern. PRE bainesii Hook.f. = Leucosphaera bainesii engleri R.Fern. & A.Fern. SRGH UCBG hereroensis Suess. & Beyerle = Kyphocarpa insignis Delile subsp. reticulata (Baker f.) J.B.Gillett COI GAB angustifolia PRE PSUB SRGH quadrangula Engl. = Nelsia quadrangula (Heeria insignis (Delile) Kuntze var. reticulata Baker f.) remotiflora Hook.f. = Sericorema remotiflora (Heeria reticulata (Baker f.) Engl.) sericea Schinz = Sericorema sericea (O. reticulata (Baker f.) R.Fern. & A.Fern.) longipes (Engl. & Gilg ) R.Fern. & A.Fern. LISC PRE SRGH SERICOCOMOPSIS Schinz (Heeria longipes Engl. & Gilg ) bainesii (Hook.f.) Schinz = Leucosphaera bainesii nitida (Engl. & Brehm.) R.Fern. & A.Fern. PSUB UCBG quadrangula (Engl.) Lopr. = Nelsia quadrangula paniculosa (Sond.) R.Fern. & A.Fern. var. paniculosa COI GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG SERICOREMA (Hook.f.) Lopr. (Rhus paniculosa Sond.) remotiflora (Hook.f.) Lopr. C GAB K LISC PRE PSUB paniculosa (Sond.) R.Fern. & A.Fern. var. salicina (Sond.) SRGH UCBG R.Fern. & A.Fern. GAB K M PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Pupalia remotiflora Moq.) (Ipomoea angustifolia Jacq.) (Sericocoma remotiflora Hook.f.) (Rhus salicina Sond.) (Trichinium remotiflorum Hook.) reticulata (Baker f.) R.Fern. & A.Fern. = O. insignis sericea (Schinz) Lopr. BM K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG subsp. reticulata (Marcellia sericea (Schinz) C.B.Clarke) schinzii (Engl.) R.Fern. & A.Fern. PRE (Sericocoma sericea Schinz) RHUS L. TRICHINIUM Moq. amerina Meikle = R. leptodictya remotiflorum Hook. = Sericorema remotiflora baurii Schönland = R. pyroides var. pyroides

22 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red ANNONACEAE

burkeana Sond. = R. magalismontana subsp. magalismontana SCHINUS L. ciliata Licht. ex Schult. PRE SRGH ✹molle L. PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG Ö (R. ciliata Licht. ex Schult. forma fastigiata Schönland) (R. ciliata Licht. ex Schult. forma lepidota Burtt Davy) SCLEROCARYA Hochst. ciliata Licht. ex Schult. forma fastigiata Schönland = R. ciliata birrea (A.Rich.) Hochst. subsp. caffra (Sond.) Kokwaro GAB K ciliata Licht. ex Schult. forma lepidota Burtt Davy = R. ciliata PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG cinerea R.Fern. & A.Fern. = R. magalismontana subsp. (Commiphora subglauca Engl.) magalismontana (S. caffra Sond.) commiphoroides Engl. & Gilg = R. tenuinervis var. tenuinervis (S. schweinfurthiana Schinz) coriacea Engl. = R. magalismontana subsp. magalismontana caffra Sond. = S. birrea subsp. caffra gueinzii Sond. s schweinfurthiana Schinz = S. birrea subsp. caffra lancea L.f. BM GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG UPS (R. viminalis Aiton) ANNONACEAE leptodictya Diels GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG (R. amerina Meikle) ANNONA L. (R. rhombocarpa R.Fern. & A.Fern.) arenaria Thonn. ex Schumach. = A. senegalensis lucens Hutch. K PRE SRGH subsp. senegalensis magalismontana Sond. subsp. magalismontana GAB PRE chrysophylla Bojer = A. senegalensis subsp. senegalensis SRGH UCBG chrysophylla Bojer var. porpetac (Boiv. ex Baill.) Robyns & (R. burkeana Sond.) Ghesq. = A. senegalensis subsp. senegalensis (R. cinerea R.Fern. & A.Fern.) friesii Robyns & Ghesq. = A. stenophylla subsp. nana (R. coriacea Engl.) friesii Robyns & Ghesq. var. elongata Robyns & Ghesq. = (R. oblanceolata Schinz) A. stenophylla subsp. nana magalismontana Sond. subsp. magalismontana x pyroides nana Exell = A. stenophylla subsp. nana Burch. var. pyroides PRE porpetac Boiv. ex Baill. = A. senegalensis subsp. senegalensis (?R. milleri R.Fern. & A.Fern.) senegalensis Pers. subsp. senegalensis PRE SRGH marlothii Engl. BM PRE SRGH (A. arenaria Thonn. ex Schumach.) milleri R.Fern. & A.Fern. = ?R. magalismontana Sond. subsp. (A. chrysophylla Bojer) magalismontana x R. pyroides Burch. var. pyroides (A. chrysophylla Bojer var. porpetac (Boiv. ex Baill.) oblanceolata Schinz = R. magalismontana subsp. Robyns & Ghesq.) magalismontana (A. porpetac Boiv. ex Baill.) pallens Eckl. & Zeyh. PRE (A. senegalensis Pers. var. chrysophylla (Bojer) Sillans) paniculosa Sond. = Ozoroa paniculosa var. paniculosa ( A. senegalensis Pers. var. latifolia Oliv.) puberula Eckl. & Zeyh. = R. pyroides var. pyroides ( A. senegalensis Pers. var. porpetac (Boiv. ex Baill.) Diels) pyroides Burch. var. puberula (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Schönland = senegalensis Pers. var. chrysophylla (Bojer) Sillans = R. pyroides var. pyroides A. senegalensis subsp. senegalensis pyroides Burch. var. pyroides COI GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH senegalensis Pers. var. latifolia Oliv. = A. senegalensis UCBG subsp. senegalensis (R. baurii Schönland) senegalensis Pers. var. porpetac (Boiv. ex Baill.) (R. puberula Eckl. & Zeyh.) Diels = A. senegalensis subsp. senegalensis (R. pyroides Burch. var. puberula (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Schönland) stenophylla Engl. & Diels subsp. nana (Exell) N.Robson (R. vulgaris Meikle) GAB PRE PSUB SRGH quartiniana A.Rich. var. acutifoliata (Engl.) Meikle = ( A. friesii Robyns & Ghesq.) R. quartiniana (A. friesii Robyns & Ghesq. var. elongata Robyns & Ghesq.) quartiniana A.Rich. BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH ( A. nana Exell) (R. quartiniana A.Rich. var. acutifoliolata (Engl.) Meikle) (A. stenophylla Engl. & Diels var. nana R.E.Fr.) (R. quartiniana A.Rich. var. zambesiensis R.Fern. & A.Fern.) stenophylla Engl. & Diels var. nana R.E.Fr. = A. stenophylla quartiniana A.Rich. var. zambesiensis R.Fern. & A.Fern. = subsp. nana R. quartiniana rhombocarpa R.Fern. & A.Fern. = R. leptodictya ARTABOTRYS R.Br. salicina Sond. = Ozoroa paniculosa var. salicina brachypetalus Benth. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG tenuinervis Engl. BM COI GAB M PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG FRIESODIELSIA Steenis (R. commiphoroides Engl. & Gilg) obovata (Benth.) Verdc. BM GAB K PRE PSUB undulata Jacq. SRGH (Popowia obovata (Benth.) Engl. & Diels) viminalis Aiton = R. lancea (Popowia stormsii De Wild) vulgaris Meikle = R. pyroides var. pyroides (Unona obovata Benth.)

23 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana ANNONACEAE (cont.)

HEXALOBUS.DC. A CYCLOSPERMUM Lag. glabrescens Hutch. & Dalziel ex Burtt Davy = ✹leptophyllum (Pers.) Sprague BM GAB PRE SRGH H. monopetalus var. monopetalus (Apium leptophyllum (Pers.) F.Muell. ex Benth.) huillensis (Engl. & Diels) Engl. & Diels = H. monopetalus (Pimpinella leptophylla Pers.) var. monopetalus DEVERRA DC. monopetalus (A.Rich.) Engl. & Diels var. monopetalus K PRE aphylla (Cham. & Schltdl.) DC. = D. denudata subsp. aphylla PSUB SRGH UCBG (Pituranthos aphyllus (Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth. & Hook.f. (H. glabrescens Hutch. & Dalziel ex Burtt Davy) ex Schinz) (H. huillensis (Engl. & Diels) Engl. & Diels) burchellii (DC.) Eckl. & Zeyh. BM GAB PRE SRGH ( H. monopetalus (A.Rich.) Engl. var. parvifolius Baker f.) (Pituranthos burchellii (DC.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Schinz) (H. senegalensis A.DC.) denudata (Viv.) Pfisterer & Podlech subsp. aphylla (Cham. & (Uvaria huillensis Engl. & Diels) Schltdl.) Pfisterer & Podlech PRE (Uvaria monopetala A.Rich.) (D. aphylla (Cham. & Schltdl.) DC.) monopetalus (A.Rich.) Engl. var. parvifolius Baker f. = (Pituranthos aphyllus (Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex H. monopetalus var. monopetalus Schinz) senegalensis A.DC. = H. monopetalus var. monopetalus HETEROMORPHA Cham. & Schltdl. POPOWIA Endl. abyssinica Hochst. ex A.Rich. var. abyssinica = H. arborescens obovata (Benth.) Engl. & Diels = Friesodielsia obovata var. abyssinica stormsii De Wild = Friesodielsia obovata abyssinica Hochst. ex A.Rich. var. simplicifolia A.Rich. = H. arborescens var. abyssinica UNONA L arborescens (Spreng.) Cham. & Schltdl. var. abyssinica (A.Rich) obovata Benth. = Friesodielsia obovata H.Wolff GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � (Annesorhiza abyssinica A.Braun) UVARIA L. (Bupleurum trifoliatum H.L.Wendl.) huillensis Engl. & Diels = Hexalobus monopetalus (H. abyssinica Hochst. ex A.Rich. var. abyssinica) var. monopetalus (H. abyssinica Hochst. ex A.Rich. var. simplicifolia A.Rich.) monopetala A.Rich. = Hexalobus monopetalus var. (H. arborescens (Spreng.) Cham. & Schltdl. var. monopetalus trifoliata (H.L.Wendl.) Sond.) (H. trifoliata (H.L.Wendl.) Eckl. & Zeyh.) XYLOPIA .L arborescens (Spreng.) Cham. & Schltdl. var. arborescens antunesii Engl. & Diels = X. odoratissima PRE � mendoncae Exell = X. tomentosa arborescens (Spreng.) Cham. & Schltdl. var. trifoliata odoratissima Welw. ex Oliv. BM FHO GAB PRE (H.L.Wendl.) Sond. = H. arborescens var. abyssinica PSUB SRGH trifoliata (H.L.Wendl.) Eckl. & Zeyh. = H. arborescens (X. antunesii Engl. & Diels) var. abyssinica (Xylopicrum odoratissimum (Welw. ex Oliv.) Kuntze) tomentosa Exell PRE SRGH PIMPINELLA L. (X. mendoncae Exell) leptophylla Pers. = Cyclospermum leptophyllum

XYLOPICRUM P.Browne PITURANTHOS Viv. odoratissimum (Welw. ex Oliv.) Kuntze = Xylopia odoratissima aphyllus (Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Schinz = Deverra denudata subsp. aphylla APIACEAE (UMBELLIFERAE) burchellii (DC.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Schinz = Deverra burchellii ANNESORHIZA Cham. & Schltdl. abyssinica A.Braun = Heteromorpha arborescens STEGANOTAENIA Hochst. var. abyssinica araliacea Hochst. var. araliacea BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � APIUM L. ✹graveolens L. PRE APOCYNACEAE leptophyllum (Pers.) F.Muell. ex Benth. = Cyclospermum leptophyllum ACOKANTHERA G.Don oppositifolia (Lam.) Codd PRE BUPLEURUM L. trifoliatum H.L.Wendl. = Heteromorpha arborescens ADENIUM Roem. & Schult. var. abyssinica boehmianum Schinz SRGH ♦�

24 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red APOCYNACEAE (cont.)

oleifolium Stapf GAB PRE SRGH UCBG ♦� elongatum (Schltr.) N.E.Br. PRE � (B. distinctum N.E.Br.) ANCYLOBOTRYS Pierre (Dichaelia elongata Schltr.) capensis (Oliv.) Pichon GAB PRE SRGH UCBG foetidum Schltr. GAB PRE � (Landolphia capensis Oliv.) (B. rehmannii Schltr.) galpinii (Schltr.) N.E.Br. = B. circinatum ASCLEPIAS L. gracile E.A.Bruce PRE SRGH � abyssinica (Hochst.) N.E.Br. = Gomphocarpus fruticosus grossartii Dinter = B. arnotii subsp. fruticosus gymnopodum (Schltr.) Bruyns GAB PRE �s albida N.E.Br. = Gomphocarpus fruticosus subsp. fruticosus (Ceropegia gymnopoda Schltr.) aphylla Thunb. = Sarcostemma viminale subsp. viminale (Ceropegia pumila N.E.Br.) aurea (Schltr.) Schltr. PRE (Ceropegia pygmaea Schinz) burchellii Schltr. = Gomphocarpus tomentosus pallidum (Schltr.) N.E.Br. = B. circinatum subsp. tomentosus rehmannii Schltr. = B. foetidum crassifolia Decne. = Gomphocarpus fruticosus subsp. fruticosus schultzei (Schltr.) Bruyns PRE � crinita (Bertol.) N.E.Br. = Gomphocarpus fruticosus subsp. fruticosus (Tenaris schultzei (Schltr.) E.Phillips) daemia Forssk. = Pergularia daemia var. daemia decipiens N.E.Br. = Gomphocarpus fruticosus subsp. decipiens CARALLUMA R.Br. euphorbioides A.Chev. = Gomphocarpus fruticosus caudata N.E.Br. = Orbea caudata subsp. fruticosus knobelii (E.Phillips) E.Phillips = Orbea knobelii flavida N.E.Br. = Gomphocarpus fruticosus subsp. fruticosus lateritia N.E.Br. = Orbeopsis lutea subsp. lutea fruticosa L. = Gomphocarpus fruticosus subsp. fruticosus lateritia N.E.Br. var. stevensonii A.C.White & B.Sloane = fruticosa L. var. angustissima (Engl.) Schltr. = Gomphocarpus Orbeopsis lutea subsp. lutea fruticosus subsp. fruticosus lateritia N.E.Br. var. vansonii (Bremek. & Oberm.) geminata Roxb. = Marsdenia sylvestris C.A.Lückh. = Orbeopsis lutea subsp. lutea glabra Mill. = Gomphocarpus fruticosus subsp. fruticosus lugardii N.E.Br. = Orbea lugardii lanata (E.Mey.) Druce = Gomphocarpus fruticosus lutea N.E.Br. = Orbea lutea subsp. lutea subsp. fruticosus rogersii (L.Bolus) E.A.Bruce & R.A.Dyer = Orbea rogersii leucotricha Schltr. = Xysmalobium undulatum vansonii Bremek. & Oberm. = Orbea lutea subsp. lutea meliodora (Schltr.) Schltr. var. meliodora PRE SRGH nuda Schumach. & Thonn. = Sarcostemma viminale CARISSA L. subsp. viminale bispinosa (L.) Desf. ex Brenan subsp. bispinosa GAB PRE phillipsiae N.E.Br. = Gomphocarpus fruticosus subsp. fruticosus SRGH UCBG pubiseta N.E.Br. = Gomphocarpus fruticosus subsp. fruticosus edulis Vahl GAB PRE PSUB SRGH rostrata N.E.Br. = Gomphocarpus fruticosus subsp. rostratus (Azima pubescens Suess.) setosa Forssk. = Gomphocarpus fruticosus subsp. fruticosus undulata L. = Xysmalobium undulatum CATHARANTHUS G.Don ✹roseus (L.) G.Don GAB SRGH UCBG Ö BAISSEA A.DC. wulfhorstii Schinz GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG CEROPEGIA L. acacietorum Schltr. = C. pachystelma subsp. pachystelma BARROWIA Decne. ampliata E.Mey. UCBG � jasminiflora Decne. = Orthanthera jasminiflora bonafouxii K.Schum. SRGH � carnosa E.Mey.s BRACHYSTELMA R.Br. (C. racemosa N.E.Br. subsp. setifera (Schltr.) H.Huber) arnotii Baker PRE SRGH � crassifolia Schltr. var. crassifolia PRE SRGH � (B. grossartii Dinter) floribunda N.E.Br. PRE PSUB ♦� barberae Harv. ex Hook.f. PRE � gymnopoda Schltr. = Brachystelma gymnopodum (Dichaelia barberae (Harv. ex Hook.f.) Bullock) kassneri S.Moore = C. purpurascens subsp. purpurascens burchellii (Decne.) Peckover var. burchellii SRGH kwebensis N.E.Br. = C. purpurascens subsp. purpurascens (Macropetalum burchellii Decne. var. burchellii) lugardiae N.E.Br. PRE SRGH � circinatum E.Mey. PRE SRGH � multiflora Baker subsp. tentaculata (N.E.Br.) H.Huber GAB (B. galpinii (Schltr.) N.E.Br.) PSUB SRGH � (B. pallidum (Schltr.) N.E.Br.) nilotica Kotschy PRE PSUB SRGH � (Dichaelia circinata (E.Mey.) Schltr.) obscura N.E.Br. = C. pachystelma subsp. pachystelma cupulatum R.A.Dyer PRE � pachystelma Schltr. subsp. pachystelma PRE � distinctum N.E.Br. = B. elongatum (C. acacietorum Schltr.)

25 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana APOCYNACEAE (cont.)

(C. obscura N.E.Br.) sizenandi Rolfe = C. oblongifolia (C. schinziana Bull.) suffruticosa (K.Schum.) N.E.Br. = C. oblongifolia (C. undulata N.E.Br.) welwitschii (Baill.) Schltr. = C. oblongifolia pumila N.E.Br. = Brachystelma gymnopodum welwitschii (Baill.) Schltr. var. luteola Hiern = purpurascens K.Schum. subsp. purpurascens PRE � C. oblongifolia (C. kassneri S.Moore) (C. kwebensis N.E.Br.) CYNANCHUM L. pygmaea Schinz = Brachystelma gymnopodum aphyllum (Thunb.) Schltr. = Sarcostemma viminale racemosa N.E.Br. subsp. setifera (Schltr.) H.Huber = C. carnosa subsp. viminale rendallii N.E.Br. �?s brevidens N.E.Br. = C. schistoglossum schinziana Bull. = C. pachystelma subsp. pachystelma brevidens N.E.Br. var. zambesiaca N.E.Br. = C. schistoglossum undulata N.E.Br. = C. pachystelma subsp. pachystelma minutiflorum Schumach. = C. schistoglossum omissum Bullock = Fockea angustifolia CRYPTOLEPIS R.Br. orangeanum (Schltr.) N.E.Br. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG angolensis Welw. ex Hiern = C. oblongifolia ( Flanagania orangeana Schltr.) baumii N.E.Br. = C. oblongifolia schistoglossum Schltr. GAB PRE PSUB brazzaei Baill. = C. oblongifolia ( C. brevidens N.E.Br.) buxifolia Chiov. = C. oblongifolia (C. brevidens N.E.Br. var. zambesiaca N.E.Br.) debeerstii De Wild. = C. oblongifolia ( C. minutiflorum Schumach.) elliotii Schltr. = C. oblongifolia (C. vagum N.E.Br.) hensii N.E.Br. = C. oblongifolia vagum N.E.Br. = C. schistoglossum linearis N.E.Br. = C. oblongifolia monteiroae Oliv. = Stomatostemma monteiroae DAEMIA Poir. myrtifolia (Baill.) Schltr. = C. oblongifolia extensa R.Br. = Pergularia daemia var. daemia nigritana (Benth.) N.E.Br. = C. oblongifolia oblongifolia (Meisn.) Schltr. GAB PRE UCBG DECABELONE Decne. ( C. angolensis Welw. ex Hiern) barklyi T.-Dyer = Tavaresia barklyi ( C. baumii N.E.Br.) grandiflora Dinter = Tavaresia barklyi (C. brazzaei Baill.) (C. buxifolia Chiov.) DICHAELIA Harv. (C. debeerstii De Wild.) barberae (Harv. ex Hook.f.) Bullock = (C. elliotii Schltr.) Brachystelma barberae (C. hensii N.E.Br.) circinata (E.Mey.) Schltr. = Brachystelma circinatum (C. linearis N.E.Br.) elongata Schltr. = Brachystelma elongatum (C. myrtifolia (Baill.) Schltr.) (C. nigritana (Benth.) N.E.Br.) DIPLORHYNCHUS Welw. ex Ficalho & Hiern (C. oblongifolia (Meisn.) Schltr.) condylocarpon (Müll.Arg.) Pichon GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (C. scandens (K.Schum.) Schltr.) (C. sizenandi Rolfe) DREGEA E.Mey. (C. suffruticosa (K.Schum.) N.E.Br.) macrantha Klotzsch = Marsdenia macrantha (C. welwitschii (Baill.) Schltr.) (C. welwitschii (Baill.) Schltr. DUVALIA Haw. var. luteola Hiern) dentata N.E.Br. = D. polita var. polita (Ectadiopsis acutifolia Benth.) polita N.E.Br. var. polita GAB PRE SRGH � (Ectadiopsis buettneri K.Schum.) ( D. dentata N.E.Br.) (Ectadiopsis lanceolata Baill.) (D. polita N.E.Br. var. parviflora (L.Bolus) A.C.White & ( Ectadiopsis myrtifolia Baill.) B.Sloane) (Ectadiopsis nigritana Benth.) (D. polita N.E.Br. var. polita forma intermedia A.C.White & (Ectadiopsis nigritana Benth. var. congesta B.Sloane) K.Schum.) (D. polita N.E.Br. var. transvaalensis (Schltr.) A.C.White & (Ectadiopsis ruspolii Chiov.) B.Sloane) (Ectadiopsis scandens K.Schum.) (D. transvaalensis Schltr.) (Ectadiopsis suffruticosa K.Schum.) (D. transvaalensis Schltr. var. parviflora L.Bolus) (Ectadiopsis welwitschii Baill.) polita N.E.Br. var. parviflora (L.Bolus) A.C.White & B.Sloane = (Ectadium oblongifolium Meisn.) D. polita var. polita ( Secamone acutifolia Sond.) polita N.E.Br. var. polita forma intermedia A.C.White & scandens (K.Schum.) Schltr. = C. oblongifolia B.Sloane = D. polita var. polita

26 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red APOCYNACEAE (cont.)

polita N.E.Br. var. transvaalensis (Schltr.) A.C.White & (Asclepias glabra Mill.) B.Sloane = D. polita var. polita (Asclepias lanata (E.Mey.) Druce) transvaalensis Schltr. = D. polita var. polita (Asclepias phillipsiae N.E.Br.) transvaalensis Schltr. var. parviflora L.Bolus = (Asclepias pubiseta N.E.Br.) D. polita var. polita (Asclepias setosa Forssk.) (G. abyssinicus Hochst.) ECTADIOPSIS Benth. (G. cornutus Decne.) acutifolia Benth. = Cryptolepis oblongifolia (G. crinitus Bertol.) buettneri K.Schum. = Cryptolepis oblongifolia (G. frutescens E.Mey.) lanceolata Baill. = Cryptolepis oblongifolia (G. fruticosus (L.) Aiton f. var. angustissimus Engl.) myrtifolia Baill. = Cryptolepis oblongifolia (G. fruticosus (L.) Aiton f. var. purpureus Schweinf.) nigritana Benth. = Cryptolepis oblongifolia (G. lanatus E.Mey.) nigritana Benth. var. congesta K.Schum. = (G. purpurascens A.Rich.) Cryptolepis oblongifolia (G. setosus (Forssk.) Decne.) oblongifolia (Meisn.) Benth. ex Schltr. = Cryptolepis oblongifolia (G. verticillatus Turcz.) ruspolii Chiov. = Cryptolepis oblongifolia fruticosus (L.) Aiton f. subsp. rostratus (N.E.Br.) Goyder & scandens K.Schum. = Cryptolepis oblongifolia Nicholas PRE SRGH UCBG suffruticosa K.Schum. = Cryptolepis oblongifolia (Asclepias rostrata N.E.Br.) welwitschii Baill. = Cryptolepis oblongifolia (G. rostratus (N.E.Br.) Bullock) fruticosus (L.) Aiton f. var. angustissimus Engl. = G. fruticosus ECTADIUM E.Mey. subsp. fruticosus oblongifolium Meisn. = Cryptolepis oblongifolia fruticosus (L.) Aiton f. var. purpureus Schweinf. = G. fruticosus subsp. fruticosus EUPHORBIA fruticosus (L.) Aiton f. var. tomentosus K.Schum. = antunesii Pax = Tavaresia barklyi G. tomentosus lanatus E.Mey. = G. tomentosus subsp. tomentosus FLANAGANIA Schltr. physocarpus E.Mey. PRE orangeana Schltr. = Cynanchum orangeanum purpurascens A.Rich. = G. fruticosus subsp. fruticosus rostratus (N.E.Br.) Bullock = G. fruticosus subsp. rostratus FOCKEA Endl. setosus (Forssk.) Decne. = G. fruticosus subsp. fruticosus angustifolia K.Schum. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH tomentosus Burch. subsp. tomentosus GAB PRE PSUB UCBG � SRGH UCBG (Cynanchum omissum Bullock) (Asclepias burchellii Schltr.) (F. dammarana Schltr.) (G. fruticosus (L.) Aiton f. var. tomentosus K.Schum.) (F. lugardii N.E.Br.) (G. lanatus E.Mey.) (F. sessiliflora Schltr.) verticillatus Turcz. = G. fruticosus dammarana Schltr. = F. angustifolia lugardii N.E.Br. = F. angustifolia GYMNEMA R.Br. monroi S.Moore PRE �s parvifolium Oliv. = Secamone parvifolia multiflora K.Schum. PRE PSUB UCBG � sylvestre (Retz.) Schult. = Marsdenia sylvestris sessiliflora Schltr. = F. angustifolia HOODIA Sweet ex Decne. GOMPHOCARPUS R.Br. currorii (Hook.) Decne. subsp. lugardii (N.E.Br.) abyssinicus Hochst. = G. fruticosus subsp. fruticosus Bruyns PRE SRGH UCBG ♦� cornutus Decne. = G. fruticosus subsp. fruticosus (H. lugardii N.E.Br.) crinitus Bertol. = G. fruticosus subsp. fruticosus gordonii (Masson) Sweet & Decne. PRE � frutescens E.Mey. = G. fruticosus subsp. fruticosus lugardii N.E.Br. = H. currorii subsp. lugardii fruticosus (L.) Aiton f. subsp. fruticosus GAB PRE PSUB parviflora N.E.Br. PRE SRGH UCBG � SRGH UCBG (Asclepias abyssinica (Hochst.) N.E.Br.) HUERNIA R.Br. (Asclepias albida N.E.Br.) blackbeardiae R.A.Dyer = H. zebrina subsp. magniflora (Asclepias crassifolia Decne.) brevirostris N.E.Br. subsp. intermedia (N.E.Br.) (Asclepias crinita (Bertol.) N.E.Br.) L.C.Leach PRE � (Asclepias euphorbioides A.Chev.) levyi Oberm. GAB PRE SRGH ♦� (Asclepias flavida N.E.Br.) longituba N.E.Br. subsp. longituba PRE SRGH � (Asclepias fruticosa L.) verekeri Stent var. verekeri PRE PSUB � (Asclepias fruticosa L. var. angustissima (Engl.) Schltr.) zebrina N.E.Br. subsp. magniflora (E.Phillips) L.C.Leach PRE SRGH �

27 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana APOCYNACEAE (cont.)

(H. blackbeardiae R.A.Dyer) (Caralluma rogersii E.A.Bruce & R.A.Dyer) (H. zebrina N.E.Br. var. magniflora E.Phillips) (Stapelia rogersii L.Bolus) zebrina N.E.Br. subsp. zebrina SRGH � tapscottii (I.Verd.) L.C.Leach K KMG PRE SRGH UCBG ♦� zebrina N.E.Br. var. magniflora E.Phillips = H. zebrina ( Stapelia tapscottii I.Verd.) subsp. magniflora (Stultitia tapscottii (I.Verd.) E.Phillips) valida (N.E.Br.) Bruyns PRE �s HUERNIOPSIS N.E.Br. variegata (L.) Haw. SRGH � atrosanguinea (N.E.Br.) A.C.White & B.Sloane = Piaranthus atrosanguineus ORBEOPSIS L.C.Leach ( H. gibbosa Nel) caudata (N.E.Br.) L.C.Leach = Orbea caudata (N.E.Br.) decipiens N.E.Br. = Piaranthus decipiens Bruyns gibbosa Nel = Piaranthus atrosanguineus knobelii (E.Phillips) L.C.Leach = Orbea knobelii lutea (N.E.Br.) L.C.Leach subsp. lutea = Orbea lutea KANAHIA R.Br. tsumebensis (Oberm.) L.C.Leach = Orbea huillensis laniflora (Forssk.) R.Br. GAB subsp. huillensis

LANDOLPHIA P.Beauv. ORTHANTHERA Wight capensis Oliv. = Ancylobotrys capensis browniana Schinz = O. jasminiflora jasminiflora (Decne.) Schinz GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG MACROPETALUM Burch. ex Decne. ( Barrowia jasminiflora Decne.) burchellii Decne. var. burchellii = Brachystelma burchellii (O. browniana Schinz) var. burchellii PACHYCARPUS E.Mey. MARSDENIA R.Br. concolor E.Mey. PRE � macrantha (Klotzsch) Schltr. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG PACHYCYMBIUM L.C.Leach ( Dregea macrantha Klotzsch) keithii (R.A.Dyer) Leach = Orbea carnosa subsp. keithii sylvestris (Retz.) P.I.Forst. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG lugardii (N.E.Br.) M.G.Gilbert = Orbea lugardii ( Asclepias geminata Roxb.) rogersii (L.Bolus) M.G.Gilbert = Orbea rogersii (Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) Schult.) (Periploca sylvestris Retz.) PACHYPODIUM Lindl. lealii Welw. ♦�s ORBEA Haw. caudata (N.E.Br.) Bruyns subsp. rhodesiaca PARAPODIUM E.Mey. (L.C.Leach) Bruyns SRGH � costatum E.Mey. PRE ( Caralluma caudata (N.E.Br.) Bruyns) (Orbeopsis caudata (N.E.Br.) L.C.Leach) PENTARRHINUM E.Mey. gossweileri (S.Moore) Bruyns PSUB SRGH � insipidum E.Mey. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG huillensis (Hiern) Bruyns subsp. huillensis PRE � ( Orbeopsis tsumebensis (Oberm.) L.C.Leach) PERGULARIA .L knobelii (E.Phillips) Bruyns PRE � daemia (Forssk.) Chiov. var. daemia GAB PRE PSUB ( Caralluma knobelii (E.Phillips) E.Phillips) SRGH UCBG (Orbeopsis knobelii (E.Phillips) L.C.Leach) ( Asclepias daemia Forssk.) (Stapelia knobelii E.Phillips) ( Daemia extensa R.Br.) lugardii (N.E.Br.) Bruyns PSUB UCBG � (P. daemia (Forssk.) Chiov. var. macrantha Chiov.) ( Caralluma lugardii N.E.Br.) ( P. extensa N.E.Br.) (Pachycumbium lugardii (N.E.Br.) M.G.Gilbert) daemia (Forssk.) Chiov. var. macrantha Chiov. = P. daemia lutea (N.E.Br.) Bruyns subsp. lutea GAB PRE PSUB SRGH � var. daemia ( Caralluma lateritia N.E.Br.) extensa N.E.Br. = P. daemia var. daemia (Caralluma lateritia N.E.Br. var. stevensonii A.C.White & B.Sloane) ( Caralluma lateritia N.E.Br. var. vansonii (Bremek. & PERIGLOSSUM Decne. Oberm.) C.A.Lückh.) mackenii Harv. PRE (Caralluma lutea N.E.Br.) ( P. mossambicense Schltr.) (Caralluma vansonii Bremek. & Oberm.) mossambicense Schltr. = P. mackenii Harv. (Orbeopsis lutea (N.E.Br.) L.C.Leach subsp. lutea) maculata (N.E.Br.) L.C.Leach subsp. maculata PRE SRGH � PERIPLOCA .L rogersii (L.Bolus) Bruyns GAB PRE PSUB � sylvestris Retz. = Marsdenia sylvestris

28 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red APOCYNACEAE (cont.)

PIARANTHUS R.Br. zambesiaca Schltr. var. parvifolia N.E.Br. = S. parvifolia atrosanguineus (N.E.Br.) Bruyns PRE (Huerniopsis atrosanguinea (N.E.Br.) A.C.White & B.Sloane) STAPELIA L. (Huerniopsis gibbosa Nel) auobensis Nel = Tridentea marientalensis decipiens (N.E.Br.) Bruyns PRE subsp. marientalensis (Huerniopsis decipiens N.E.Br.) gettliﬀei R.Pott PRE SRGH � gigantea N.E.Br. PRE SRGH UCBG � RAPHIONACME Harv. knobelii E.Phillips = Orbea knobelii burkei N.E.Br. = R. velutina kwebensis N.E.Br. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH � dinteri Schltr. ex Schinz = R. burkei marientalensis Nel = Tridentea marientalensis divaricata Harv. = R. hirsuta subsp. marientalensis hirsuta (E.Mey.) R.A.Dyer ex E.Phillips GAB PRE � rogersii L.Bolus = Orbea rogersii (R. divaricata Harv.) schinzii A.Berger & Schltr. SRGH � inconspicua H.Huber PRE � tapscottii I.Verd. = Orbea tapscottii lanceolata Schinz PRE � unicornis C.A.Lückh. PRE � (R. lanceolata Schinz var. latifolia N.E.Br.) lanceolata Schinz var. latifolia N.E.Br. = R. lanceolata STATHMOSTELMA K.Schum. velutina Schltr. PRE � fornicatum (N.E.Br.) Bullock subsp. fornicatum PRE (R. burkei N.E.Br.) (R. dinteri Schltr. ex Schinz) STENOSTELMA Schltr. capense Schltr. PRE PSUB SRGH SARCOSTEMMA R.Br. (Schizoglossum aciculare N.E.Br.) andongonense Hiern = S. viminale subsp. viminale (Schizoglossum capense (Schltr.) H.Huber) aphylla Thunb. = S. viminale subsp. viminale aphyllum (L.) R.Br. = S. viminale subsp. viminale STOMATOSTEMMA N.E.Br. nudum C.Sm. ex Decne. = S. viminale subsp. viminale monteiroae (Oliv.) N.E.Br. GAB PRE UCBG � viminale (L.) R.Br. subsp. viminale GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (Cryptolepis monteiroae Oliv.) UCBG � (Asclepias aphylla Thunb.) STROPHANTHUS DC. (Asclepias nuda Schumach. & Thonn.) kombe Oliv. SRGH (Cynanchum aphyllum (Thunb.) Schltr.) (S. andongonense Hiern) STULTITIA E.Phillips (S. aphylla Thunb.) tapscottii (I.Verd.) E.Phillips = Orbea tapscottii (S. aphyllum (L.) R.Br.) (S. nudum C.Sm. ex Decne.) TACAZZEA Decne. apiculata Oliv. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH S SCHIZOGLOSSUM E.Mey (T. apiculata Oliv. var. benedicta Scott-Elliot) aciculare N.E.Br. = Stenostelma capense (T. apiculata Oliv. var. glabra K.Schum.) capense (Schltr.) H.Huber = Stenostelma capense (T. bagshawei S.Moore) (T. bagshawei S.Moore var. occidentalis C.Norman) SECAMONE R.Br. (T. barteri Baill.) acutifolia Sond. = Cryptolepis oblongifolia (T. brazzaeana Baill.) alpini Schult. PRE (T. kirkii N.E.Br.) emetica (Retz.) R.Br. ex Schult. var. glabra K.Schum. = (T. laxiﬂora Engl.) S. parvifolia (T. nigritana N.E.Br.) mombasiana N.E.Br. = S. parvifolia (T. stipularis N.E.Br.) parvifolia (Oliv.) Bullock GAB SRGH (T. thollonii Baill.) (Gymnema parvifolium Oliv.) (T. verticillata K.Schum.) (S. emetica (Retz.) R.Br. ex Schult. var. glabra K.Schum.) (T. welwitschii Baill.) (S. mombasiana N.E.Br.) apiculata Oliv. var. benedicta Scott-Elliot = T. apiculata (S. schweinfurthii K.Schum.) apiculata Oliv. var. glabra K.Schum. = T. apiculata (S. usambarica N.E.Br.) bagshawei S.Moore = T. apiculata (S. zambeziaca Schltr.) bagshawei S.Moore var. occidentalis C.Norman (S. zambesiaca Schltr. var. parvifolia N.E.Br.) = T. apiculata schweinfurthii K.Schum. = S. parvifolia barteri Baill. = T. apiculata usambarica N.E.Br. = S. parvifolia brazzaeana Baill. = T. apiculata zambeziaca Schltr. = S. parvifolia kirkii N.E.Br. = T. apiculata

29 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana APOCYNACEAE (cont.)

laxiflora Engl. = T. apiculata (Hydrocotyle asiatica L.) nigritana N.E.Br. = T. apiculata stipularis N.E.Br. = T. apiculata CUSSONIA Thunb. thollonii Baill. = T. apiculata natalensis Sond. UCBG verticillata K.Schum. = T. apiculata paniculata Eckl. & Zeyh. subsp. paniculata PRE � welwitschii Baill. = T. apiculata paniculata Eckl. & Zeyh. subsp. sinuata (Reyneke & Kok) De Winter K LISC PRE SRGH UCBG � TAVARESIA Welw. (C. paniculata Eckl. & Zeyh. var. sinuata Reyneke & Kok) barklyi (T.-Dyer) N.E.Br. GAB PRE SRGH � paniculata Eckl. & Zeyh. var. sinuata Reyneke & Kok = (Decabelone barklyi T.-Dyer) C. paniculata subsp. sinuata (Decabelone grandiflora Dinter) spicata Thunb. UCBG � (Euphorbia antunesii Pax) (T. grandiflora (Dinter) A.Berger) HYDROCOTYLE L. (T. grandiflora (Dinter) A.Berger var. recta Van Son) asiatica L. = Centella asiatica (T. grandiflora K.Schum.) grandiflora (Dinter) A.Berger = T. barklyi bonariensis Lam. PSUB S grandiflora (Dinter) A.Berger var. recta Van Son = T. barklyi ✹ranunculoides L.f. GAB PRE PSUB S grandiflora K.Schum. = T. barklyi verticillata Thunb. GAB K PRE PSUB S

TENARIS E.Mey ARISTOLOCHIACEAE schultzei (Schltr.) E.Phillips = Brachystelma schultzei ARISTOLOCHIA L. TRIDENTEA Haw. ✹elegans Mast. SRGH Ö marientalensis (Nel) L.C.Leach subsp. marientalensis SRGH � (Stapelia auobensis Nel) ASTERACEAE (COMPOSITAE) (Stapelia marientalensis Nel) ACANTHOSPERMUM Schrank WOODIA Schltr. ✹glabratum (DC.) Wild GAB SRGH UCBG trilobata Schltr. = Xysmalobium undulatum ✹hispidum DC. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG

XYSMALOBIUM R.Br. ACHILLEA L. amplifolium Weim. = X. undulatum ✹millefolium L. PRE angolense Scott-Elliot = X. undulatum (A. millefolium L. subsp. lanulosa (Nutt.) Piper) barbigerum N.E.Br. = X. undulatum millefolium L. subsp. lanulosa (Nutt.) Piper = A. millefolium brownianum S.Moore PRE dilatatum Weim. = X. undulatum ACHYROCLINE (Less.) DC. dispar N.E.Br. = X. undulatum stenoptera (DC.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt = Helichrysum stenopterum ensifolium Burch. ex Scott-Elliot = X. undulatum leucotrichum (Schltr.) N.E.Br. = X. undulatum ADENOSTEMMA J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. prismatostigma K.Schum. = X. undulatum caffrum DC. GAB PRE SRGH S trilobatum (Schltr.) N.E.Br. = X. undulatum undulatum (L.) Aiton f. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH AGERATUM L. (Asclepias leucotricha Schltr.) ✹conyzoides L. PRE SRGH Ö (Asclepias undulata L.) (Woodia trilobata Schltr.) AMBROSIA L. (X. amplifolium Weim.) ✹artemisiifolia L. s (X. angolense Scott-Elliot) (X. barbigerum N.E.Br.) AMELLUS L. (X. dilatatum Weim.) reductus Rommel s (X. dispar N.E.Br.) (X. ensifolium Burch. ex Scott-Elliot) AMPHIDOXA DC. (X. leucotrichum (Schltr.) N.E.Br.) filaginea Ficalho & Hiern = Gnaphalium filagopsis (X. prismatostigma K.Schum.) filaginea Ficalho & Hiern var. transiens Merxm. = Gnaphalium filagopsis (X. trilobatum (Schltr.) N.E.Br.) glandulosa Klatt = Denekia capensis villosa O.Hoffm. = Artemisiopsis villosa ARALIACEAE ARCTOTIS L. CENTELLA L. ✹asiatica (L.) Urb. GAB PRE UCBG S venusta Norl. K PRE SRGH UCBG

30 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red ASTERACEAE (cont.)

ARTEMISIA L. langii Bremek. & Oberm. = Hirpicium gorterioides afra Jacq. ex Willd. PRE PSUB SRGH subsp. gorterioides pechuelii (Kuntze) O.Hoffm. = ARTEMISIOPSIS S.Moore Hirpicium gazanioides villosa (O.Hoffm.) Schweick. PRE SRGH rehmannii Thell. = Hirpicium bechuanense (Amphidoxa villosa O.Hoffm.) BIDENS L. ASPILIA Thouars ✹bipinnata L. PRE eylesii S.Moore = Melanthera albinervia ✹biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff SRGH UCBG subsp. albinervia (Coreopsis biternata Lour.) klotschyi (Sch.Bip. ex Hochst.) Oliv. SRGH leucantha (L.) Willd. = B. pilosa mossambicensis (Oliv.) Wild GAB PRE SRGH ✹pilosa L. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Wedelia diversipapposa S.Moore) (B. leucantha (L.) Willd.) (Wedelia mossambicensis Oliv.) prolixa S.Moore = B. schimperi ✹schimperi Sch.Bip. ex Walp. PRE PSUB SRGH ASTER L. (B. prolixa S.Moore) muricatus Thunb. = Felicia muricata subsp. muricata muricatus Thunb. var. chrysocomoides Sond. = Felicia muricata BLAINVILLEA Cass. subsp. muricata gayana Cass. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH obtusatus Thunb. = Chrysocoma obtusata (Wedelia gossweileri S.Moore) ✹squamatus (Spreng.) Hieron. GAB PRE SRGH (Conyza squamata Spreng.) BLUMEA DC. villosus Thunb. = Felicia muricata alata of authors not of (D.Don) DC. = subsp. muricata Laggera crispata aurita (L.f.) DC. = Pseudoconyza viscosa ATHRIXIA Ker Gawl cafra (DC.) O.Hoffm. = Doellia cafra elata Sond. UCBG crispata (Vahl) Merxm. = Laggera crispata decurrens (Vahl) Merxm. GAB SRGH UCBG BACCHARIS L. dregeanoides Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich. PRE dioscoridis L. = Pluchea dioscoridis (B. mollis (D.Don) Merr.) ivifolia L. = Conyza scabrida gariepina DC. = Laggera decurrens mollis (D.Don) Merr. = B. dregeanoides BACCHAROIDES Moench pterodonta DC. = Laggera crispata anthelmintica (L.) Moench K PRE PSUB SRGH solidaginoides (Poir.) DC. GAB (Conyza anthelmintica L.) viscosa (Mill.) V.M.Badillo = Pseudoconyza viscosa (Vernonia anthelmintica (L.) Willd.) (Vernonia stenolepis Oliv.) BRACHYLAENA R.Br. discolor DC. SRGH BERKHEYA Ehrh. (B. discolor DC. subsp. discolor var. adlami Hook.f. = B. radula mossambicensis Paiva) gazanioides Harv. = Hirpicium gazanioides discolor DC. subsp. discolor var. mossambicensis Paiva = gorterioides Oliv. & Hiern = Hirpicium gorterioides B. discolor subsp. gorterioides huillensis O.Hoffm PRE UCBG multijuga (DC.) Roessler PRE ilicifolia (Lam.) E.Phillips & Schweick. SRGH radula (Harv.) De Wild. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG rhodesiana S.Moore = B. rotundata (B. adlami Hook.f.) rotundata S.Moore GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG (Stobaea radula Harv.) (B. rhodesiana S.Moore)

BERKHEYOPSIS O.Hoﬀm. CACALIA L. angolensis O.Hoﬀm. = Hirpicium gorterioides acaulis L.f. = Senecio acaulis subsp. gorterioides bechuanensis S.Moore = Hirpicium bechuanense CALENDULA L. brevisquama Mattf. = Hirpicium bechuanense cuneata Thunb. = Dimorphotheca cuneata gorterioides (Oliv. & Hiern) Thell. = Hirpicium gorterioides subsp. gorterioides CALOSTEPHANE Benth. gossweileri S.Moore = Hirpicium gorterioides divaricata Benth. GAB PRE SRGH subsp. gorterioides (C. foliosa Klatt)

31 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana ASTERACEAE (cont.)

(C. schinzii O.Hoffm.) (D. glabrata DC.) foliosa Klatt = C. divaricata glabrata DC. = D. capensis schinzii O.Hoffm. = C. divaricata CHRYSANTHEMUM L. DETRIS Adans. incanum Thunb. = Pentzia incana dinteri S.Moore = Felicia muricata subsp. cinerascens ericifolia (Forssk.) Hiern var. anthemidodes Hiern = Felicia CHRYSOCOMA L. anthemidodes dinteri Muschl. = Nolletia arenosa mossamedensis Hiern = Felicia mossamedensis obtusata (Thunb.) Ehr.Bayer GAB PRE UCBG (Aster obtusatus Thunb.) DICOMA Cass. (C. polygalifolia S.Moore) anomala Sond. subsp. anomala PRE polygalifolia S.Moore = C. obtusata anomala Sond. subsp. gerrardii (Harv. ex F.C.Wilson) S.Ortíz & Rodr.Oubiña C GAB K PRE SRGH CINERARIA L. (D. anomala Sond. var. microcephala Harv.) burkei Burtt Davy s (D. gerrardii Harv. ex F.C.Wilson) coronata Thunb. = Senecio coronatus anomala Sond. var. microcephala Harv. = D. anomala subsp. eenii S.Moore = Senecio eenii gerrardii vallis-pacis Dinter ex Merxm. PRE SRGH arenaria Bremek. K SRGH arenicola Muschl. ex Dinter = D. schinzii CONYZA Less. capensis Less. K SRGH aegyptiaca (L.) Aiton PRE PSUB SRGH gerrardii Harv. ex F.C.Wilson = D. anomala subsp. gerrardii (C. transvaalensis Bremek.) kirkii Harv. subsp. kirkii = Macledium kirkii subsp. kirkii ✹albida Spreng. GAB PRE SRGH lanata Muschl. ex Dinter = D. schinzii (C. floribunda Kunth) macrocephala DC. PRE SRGH (C. sumatrensis (Retz.) E.Walker) schinzii O.Hoffm. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Erigon floribundus (Kunth) Sch.Bip.) (D. arenicola Muschl. ex Dinter) (Erigon sumatrensis Retz.) (D. lanata Muschl. ex Dinter) anthelmintica L. = Baccharoides anthelmintica sessiliflora Harv. subsp. kirkii (Harv.) Wild SRGH = Macledium aurita L.f. = Pseudoconyza viscosa kirkii subsp. kirkii ✹bonariensis (L.) Cronquist PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG tomentosa Cass. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG cafra DC. = Doellia cafra floribunda Kunth = C. albida DIMORPHOTHECA Vaill. ex Moench ivifolia (L.) Less. = C. scabrida cuneata (Thunb.) Less. GAB PRE SRGH scabrida DC. PRE SRGH (Calendula cuneata Thunb.) (Baccharis ivifolia L.) zeyheri Sond. PRE (C. ivifolia (L.) Less.) squamata Spreng. = Aster squamatus DISTEPHANUS (Cass.) Cass. sumatrensis (Retz.) E.Walker = C. albida divaricatus (Steetz) H.Rob. & B.Kahn PRE transvaalensis Bremek. = C. aegyptiaca (Gongrothamnus aurantiacus O.Hoffm.) (Vernonia aurantiaca (O.Hoffm.) N.E.Br.) COREOPSIS L. biternata Lour. = Bidens biternata DOELLIA Sch.Bip. emend. Anderb. cafra (DC.) Anderb. GAB PRE SRGH COTULA L. (Blumea cafra (DC.) O.Hoffm.) anthemoides L. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Conyza cafra DC.) (C. microcephala DC.) microcephala DC. = C. anthemoides ECLIPTA L. alba (L.) Hassk. = E. prostrata CRASSOCEPHALUM Moench erecta L. = E. prostrata obtusata (Thunb.) E.Berger s ✹prostrata (L.) L. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH x picridifolium (DC.) S.Moore GAB PRE PSUB (E. alba (L.) Hassk.) SRGH S (E. erecta L.) (Senecio picridifolius DC.) EMILIA Cass. DENEKIA Thunb. ambifaria (S.Moore) C.Jeffrey PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG capensis Thunb. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Othonna ambifaria S.Moore) (Amphidoxa glandulosa Klatt) (Othonna polycephala Klatt)

32 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red ASTERACEAE (cont.)

(Othonna rosea Klatt) EUPATORIUM L. (Senecio dinteri Muschl. ex Dinter) coloratum Willd. = Vernonia colorata subsp. colorata (Senecio schinzii O.Hoffm.) retrofractum Thunb. = Pegolettia retrofracta tenellula (S.Moore) C.Jeffrey GAB PSUB SRGH (Senecio tenellulus S.Moore) EURYOPS (Cass.) Cass. transvaalensis (Bolus) C.Jeffrey PRE subcarnosus DC. subsp. foetidus B.Nord. PRE SRGH UCBG (Senecio thermarum Bolus) FELICIA Cass. (Senecio transvaalensis Bolus) anthemidodes (Hiern) Mendonça PRE PSUB (Detris ericifolia (Forssk.) Hiern var. anthemidodes Hiern) EPALTES Cass. clavipilosa Grau subsp. clavipilosa GAB PRE SRGH UCBG gariepina (DC.) Steetz = Litogyne gariepina clavipilosa Grau subsp. transvaalensis Grau GAB PRE PSUB UCBG frutescens R.E.Fr. = F. muricata subsp. muricata ERIGERON L. hyssopifolia (P.J.Bergius) Nees var. straminea (Hiern) Mendonça aegyptiacus L. = Conyza aegyptiaca = F. mossamedensis alatum D.Don = Laggera crispata minima (Hutch.) Grau GAB SRGH bonariensis L. = Conyza bonariensis mossamedensis (Hiern) Mendonça GAB PRE PSUB crispus Pourr. = Conyza bonariensis SRGH UCBG floribundus (Kunth) Sch.Bip. = Conyza albida (Detris mossamedensis Hiern) linifolius Willd. = Conyza bonariensis (F. hyssopifolia (P.J.Bergius) Nees var. straminea (Hiern) scabrum Thunb. = Pulicaria scabra Mendonça) sumatrensis Retz. = Conyza albida muricata (Thunb.) Nees subsp. cinerascens Grau GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ERIOCEPHALUS .L (Detris dinteri S.Moore) ambiguus (DC.) M.A.N.Müller PRE muricata (Thunb.) Nees subsp. muricata GAB PRE PSUB ( E. aspalathoides DC. var. ambiguus DC.) SRGH UCBG aspalathoides DC. var. ambiguus DC. = (Aster muricatus Thunb.) E. ambiguus (Aster muricatus Thunb. var. chrysocomoides Sond.) eenii S.Moore = E. luederitzianus (Aster villosus Thunb.) hirsutus Burtt Davy = E. luederitzianus (F. frutescens R.E.Fr.) luederitzianus O.Hoffm. PRE ( E. eenii S.Moore) FLAVERIA Juss. (E. hirsutus Burtt Davy) ✹bidentis (L.) Kuntze GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (E. squarrosus Muschl.) (F. contrayerba (Cav.) Pers.) microphyllus DC. var. pubescens (DC.) M.A.N.Müller GAB contrayerba (Cav.) Pers. = F. bidentis PRE PSUB UCBG ( E. pubescens DC.) FRESENIA DC. pubescens DC. = E. microphyllus var. pubescens foliosa Klatt = Pegolettia retrofracta racemosus L. UCBG squarrosus Muschl. = E. luederitzianus GALEOMMA Rauschert stenolepis (S.Moore) Hilliard PRE ERIOSPHAERA Less. (Eriosphaera stenolepis (S.Moore) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt) stenolepis (S.Moore) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt = (Gnaphalium stenolepis S.Moore) Galeomma stenolepis GALINSOGA Ruiz & Pav. ERLANGEA Sch.Bip. ✹parviflora Cav. PRE PSUB SRGH misera (Oliv. & Hiern) S.Moore BM GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG GAZANIA Gaertn. ( E. schinzii O.Hoffm.) arctotoides Less. = G. krebsiana subsp. arctotoides (Vernonia merenskiana Dinter ex Merxm.) bracteata N.E.Br. = G. krebsiana subsp. serrulata ( Vernonia misera Oliv. & Hiern) canescens Harv. = G. krebsiana subsp. serrulata remifolia Wild & G.V.Pope K PRE PSUB SRGH krebsiana Less. subsp. arctotoides (Less.) Roessler schinzii O.Hoffm. = E. misera PRE SRGH (G. arctotoides Less.) ETHULIA L.f. (G. leptophylla DC.) ✹conyzoides L.f. subsp. conyzoides GAB K PRE (G. longifolia Less.) PSUB SRGH S (G. pavonia (Andrews) R.Br. var. zeyheri Harv.)

33 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana ASTERACEAE (cont.)

(G. rogersii S.Moore) pectidea (DC.) Harv. PRE UCBG krebsiana Less. subsp. serrulata (DC.) Roessler C GAB K PRE (Polychaetia pectidea DC.) SRGH UCBG (Triplocephalum glabrifolium Klatt) (G. bracteata N.E.Br.) protensa Harv. = G. burkei subsp. diffusa (G. canescens Harv.) rhodesiana S.Moore = G. schinzii subsp. rhodesiana (G. montana Spreng.) schinzii O.Hoffm. subsp. karakowisae Merxm. GAB PRE (G. munroi E.Phillips) PSUB SRGH (G. pygmaea Sond.) schinzii O.Hoffm. subsp. rhodesiana (S.Moore) Merxm. GAB (G. schinzii O.Hoffm.) PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (G. serrulata DC.) (G. rhodesiana S.Moore) leptophylla DC. = G. krebsiana subsp. arctotoides schinzii O.Hoffm. subsp. schinzii GAB PRE SRGH longifolia Less. = G. krebsiana subsp. arctotoides zeyheri Harv. = G. burkei subsp. burkei var. zeyheri montana Spreng. = G. krebsiana subsp. serrulata munroi E.Phillips = G. krebsiana subsp. serrulata GNAPHALIUM L. pavonia (Andrews) R.Br. var. zeyheri Harv. = G. krebsiana declinatum L.f. GAB subsp. arctotoides filagopsis Hilliard & B.L.Burtt PRE pygmaea Sond. = G. krebsiana subsp. serrulata (Amphidoxa filaginea Ficalho & Hiern) rogersii S.Moore = G. krebsiana subsp. arctotoides (Amphidoxa filaginea Ficalho & Hiern var. transiens Merxm.) schinzii O.Hoffm. = G. krebsiana subsp. serrulata luteo-album L. = Pseudognaphalium luteo-album serrulata DC. = G. krebsiana subsp. serrulata oligandrum (DC.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt = Pseudognaphalium oligandrum GEIGERIA Griess. ✹polycaulon Pers. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG acaulis (Sch.Bip.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Oliv. & Hiern stenolepis S.Moore = Galeomma stenolepis SRGH UCBG africana Griess. subsp. africana = G. ornativa GONGROTHAMNUS Steetz africana Griess. subsp. filifolia (Mattf.) Merxm. = G. filifolia aurantiacus O.Hoffm. = Distephanus divaricatus africana Griess. subsp. ornativa (O.Hoffm.) Merxm. = G. ornativa GRANGEA Adans. appendiculata O.Hoffm. & Muschl. = G. ornativa anthemoides O.Hoffm. GAB PRE PSUB brevifolia (DC.) Harv. GAB PRE UCBG (G. hippioides Merxm.) (Polychaetia brevifolia DC.) hippioides Merxm. = G. anthemoides burkei Harv. subsp. burkei var. zeyheri (Harv.) Merxm. GAB PRE UCBG HAPLOCARPHA Less. (G. zeyheri Harv.) scaposa Harv. PRE burkei Harv. subsp. diffusa (Harv.) Merxm. SRGH (G. burkei Harv. var. diffusa Harv.) HELICHRYSUM Mill. (G. natalensis J.M.Wood & M.S.Evans) arenicola M.D.Hend. PRE SRGH UCBG (G. protensa Harv.) (H. rangei Moeser ex Dinter) burkei Harv. subsp. fruticulosa Merxm. PRE argyrosphaerum DC. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG burkei Harv. var. diffusa Harv. = G. burkei subsp. diffusa benguellense Hiern var. latifolium S.Moore ex Moeser = eenii S.Moore = G. ornativa H. tomentosulum subsp. tomentosulum engleriana Muschl. s callicomum Harv. SRGH filifolia Mattf. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH candolleanum H.Buek GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (G. africana Griess. subsp. filifolia (Mattf.) Merxm.) (H. damarense O.Hoffm.) (G. passerinoides Harv. in part) (H. leptolepis DC.) luederitziana O.Hoffm. = G. ornativa (H. pachyrhizum Harv.) natalensis J.M.Wood & M.S.Evans = G. burkei subsp. diffusa cerastioides DC. var. cerastioides GAB PRE SRGH nonikamensis Heering = G. ornativa (H. cerastioides DC. var. gracile Moeser) ornativa O.Hoffm. PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (H. obvallatum DC.) (G. africana Griess. subsp. africana) cerastioides DC. var. gracile Moeser = H. cerastioides (G. africana Griess. subsp. ornativa (O.Hoffm.) Merxm.) var. cerastioides (G. appendiculata O.Hoffm. & Muschl.) damarense O.Hoffm. = H. candolleanum (G. eenii S.Moore) gerrardii Harv. = H. stenoptera (G. luederitziana O.Hoffm.) harveyanum Wild PRE SRGH (G. nonikamensis Heering) (H. subulifolium Harv.) otaviensis (Merxm.) Merxm. GAB hochstetteri (A.Rich.) Hook.f. = H. stenoptera passerinoides Harv. in part = G. filifolia kraussii Sch.Bip. SRGH UCBG

34 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red ASTERACEAE (cont.)

leptolepis DC. = H. candolleanum scariola L. = L. serriola lineare DC. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH ✹serriola L. C GAB K SRGH (H. seineri Moeser) (L. scariola L.) nudifolium (L.) Less. var. nudifolium PRE obvallatum DC. = H. cerastioides var. cerastioides LAGGERA Sch.Bip. ex Benth. pachyrhizum Harv. = H. candolleanum alata of authors not of (D.Don) Sch.Bip. ex Oliv. = L. crispata rangei Moeser ex Dinter = H. arenicola aurita (L.f.) Sch.Bip. ex C.B.Clarke = Pseudoconyza viscosa seineri Moeser = H. lineare crispata (Vahl) Hepper & J.R.I.Wood GAB PRE SRGH spiciforme DC. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (Blumea alata of authors not of (D.Don) DC.) stenopterum DC. PRE (Blumea crispata (Vahl) Merxm.) (Achyrocline stenoptera (DC.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt) (Blumea pterodonta DC.) (H. gerrardii Harv.) (Erigeron alatum D.Don) (H. hochstetteri (A.Rich.) Hook.f.) (L. alata of authors not of (D.Don) Sch.Bip. ex Oliv.) subulifolium Harv. = H. harveyanum (L. pterodonta (D.Don) Sch.Bip. ex Oliv.) tomentosulum (Klatt) Merxm. subsp. tomentosulum decurrens (Vahl) Hepper & J.R.I.Wood GAB PRE PSUB GAB PRE PSUB SRGH SRGH UCBG (H. benguellense Hiern var. latifolium S.Moore ex Moeser) (Blumea gariepina DC.) (Stenocline tomentosula Klatt) (L. gariepina (DC.) Randeria) zeyheri Less. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG gariepina (DC.) Randeria = L. decurrens (H. zeyheri Less. var. burchellii (DC.) Harv.) lyrata (Kunth) Leins = Pseudoconyza viscosa (H. zeyheri Less. var. intermedium (DC.) Harv.) makarikariensis Bremek. & Oberm. = Nicolasia stenoptera zeyheri Less. var. burchellii (DC.) Harv. = H. zeyheri subsp. makarikariensis zeyheri Less. var. intermedium (DC.) Harv. = H. zeyheri pterodonta (D.Don) Sch.Bip. ex Oliv. = L. crispata stenoptera O.Hoffm. = Nicolasia stenoptera subsp. stenoptera HERTIA Less (sometimes subsumed under Othonna L. (Brummitt 1992)) LAUNAEA Cass. pallens (DC.) Kuntze PRE goreensis (Lam.) O.Hoffm. = L. intybacea intybacea (Jacq.) P.Beauv. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH HIRPICIUM Cass. (Lactuca intybacea Jacq.) bechuanense (S.Moore) Roessler GAB K LD M MO PRE PSUB (L. goreensis (Lam.) O.Hoffm.) SRGH UCBG (Sonchus goraeensis Lam.) (Berkheyopsis bechuanensis S.Moore) rarifolia (Oliv. & Hiern) Boulos var. rarifolia GAB PRE (Berkheyopsis brevisquama Mattf.) PSUB SRGH (Berkheyopsis rehmannii Thell.) (Sonchus lanifer Dinter) echinus Less. s (Sonchus rarifolius Oliv. & Hiern) gazanioides (Harv.) Roessler K LD M MO PRE SRGH (Berkheya gazanioides Harv.) LEPTOTHAMNUS DC. (Berkheyopsis pechuelii (Kuntze) O.Hoffm.) ciliaris DC. = Nolletia ciliaris gorterioides (Oliv. & Hiern) Roessler subsp. gorterioides GAB K MO PRE PSUB S SRGH UCBG LEYSERA L. (Berkheya gorterioides Oliv. & Hiern) tenella DC. GAB UCBG (Berkheyopsis angolensis O.Hoffm.) (Berkheyopsis gorterioides (Oliv. & Hiern) Thell.) LINZIA Walp. (Berkheyopsis gossweileri S.Moore) glabra Steetz var. glabra = Vernonia glabra var. glabra (Berkheyopsis langii Bremek. & Oberm.) glabra Steetz var. laxa Steetz = Vernonia glabra var. laxa

INULA L. LITOGYNE Harv. capensis Spreng. = Pulicaria scabra gariepina (DC.) Anderb. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG (Epaltes gariepina (DC.) Steetz) KLEINIA Mill. acaulis (L.f.) DC. = Senecio acaulis MACLEDIUM Cass. longiflora DC. PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � kirkii (Harv.) S.Ortíz subsp. kirkii SRGH (Senecio longiflorus (DC.) Sch.Bip.) (Dicoma kirkii Harv. subsp. kirkii) (Dicoma sessiliflora Harv. subsp. kirkii) LACTUCA L. dregeana DC. GAB PRE UCBG MELANTHERA Rohr intybacea Jacq. = Launaea intybacea albinervia O.Hoffm. subsp. albinervia PSUB SRGH

35 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana ASTERACEAE (cont.)

(Aspilia eylesii S.Moore) (N. diversifolia Spreng. ex Steetz) (M. gossweileri S.Moore) (N. kraussii (Sch.Bip. ex Walp.) Harv.) gossweileri S.Moore = M. albinervia subsp. albinervia (N. senecionea DC.) madagascariensis Baker = M. scandens subsp. madagascariensis (N. sprengelii (Sch.Bip. ex Walp.) Harv.) marlothiana O.Hoffm. = M. triternata auriculata DC. subsp. polycephala (DC.) Wild = N. auriculata rivicola Muschl. ex Dinter = M. triternata densifolia O.Hoffm. = N. resedifolia subsp. resedifolia scandens (Schumach. & Thonn.) Roberty subsp. diversifolia Spreng. ex Steetz = N. auriculata madagascariensis (Baker) Wild GAB PRE PSUBS hirta DC. = N. resedifolia subsp. resedifolia (M. madagascariensis Baker) kraussii (Sch.Bip. ex Walp.) Harv. = N. auriculata schinziana S.Moore = M. triternata krookii O.Hoffm. = N. resedifolia subsp. resedifolia seineri Muschl. ex Dinter = M. triternata microcephala Steetz SRGH triternata (Klatt) Wild PRE PSUB SRGH pinnatilobata DC. = N. resedifolia subsp. resedifolia (M. marlothiana O.Hoffm.) punctulata DC. = Psiadia punctulata (M. rivicola Muschl. ex Dinter) rapunculoides DC. = N. resedifolia subsp. resedifolia (M. schinziana S.Moore) resedifolia DC. subsp. frutescens Merxm. PRE (M. seineri Muschl. ex Dinter) resedifolia DC. subsp. resedifolia GAB PRE PSUB (M. varians Hiern) SRGH UCBG (Wedelia triternata Klatt) (N. densifolia O.Hoffm.) varians Hiern = M. triternata (N. hirta DC.) (N. krookii O.Hoffm.) MIKANIA Willd. (N. pinnatilobata DC.) angustifolia (O.Hoffm.) R.E.Fr. = M. sagittifera (N. rapunculoides DC.) capensis DC. PSUB (N. resedifolia DC. var. subvillosa Merxm.) sagittifera B.L.Rob. PRE (N. solidaginea DC.) (M. angustifolia (O.Hoffm.) R.E.Fr.) resedifolia DC. var. subvillosa Merxm. = N. resedifolia subsp. resedifolia NESTLERA Spreng. senecionea DC. = N. auriculata conferta DC. = Rosenia humilis solidaginea DC. = N. resedifolia subsp. resedifolia dinteri Muschl. ex Dinter = Rosenia humilis sprengelii (Sch.Bip. ex Walp.) Harv. = N. auriculata humilis Less. = Rosenia humilis incana Dinter ex Merxm. = Rosenia humilis NOLLETIA Cass. muriculata DC. = Rosenia humilis arenosa O.Hoffm. PRE SRGH UCBG oppositifolia DC. = Rosenia humilis ( Chrysocoma dinteri Muschl.) rosenioides Hutch. ex Compton = Rosenia humilis ciliaris (DC.) Steetz GAB PRE SRGH UCBG ( Leptothamnus ciliaris DC.) NICOLASIA S.Moore costata Klatt = Nicolasia costata costata (Klatt) Thell. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH zambesica R.E.Fr. PRE PSUB SRGH (N. lugardii N.E.Br. ex S.Moore) (Nolletia costata Klatt) OSTEOSPERMUM .L lugardii N.E.Br. ex S.Moore = N. costata hamiltonii S.Moore = O. muricatum subsp. muricatum nitens (O.Hoffm.) Eyles GAB PRE PSUB SRGH microphyllum DC. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (N. quinqueseta O.Hoffm. ex Thell.) muricatum E.Mey. ex DC. subsp. muricatum GAB PRE (Pluchea nitens O.Hoffm.) PSUB pedunculata S.Moore subsp. pedunculata GAB PRE SRGH UCBG PSUB SRGH ( O. hamiltonii S.Moore) (N. vedderiana Dinter ex Merxm.) quinqueseta O.Hoffm. ex Thell. = N. nitens OTHONNA .L stenoptera (O.Hoffm.) Merxm. subsp. makarikariensis ambifaria S.Moore = Emilia ambifaria (Bremek. & Oberm.) Merxm. GAB PRE SRGH polycephala Klatt = Emilia ambifaria (Laggera makarikariensis Bremek. & Oberm.) rosea Klatt = Emilia ambifaria stenoptera (O.Hoffm.) Merxm. subsp. stenoptera GAB PRE (Laggera stenoptera O.Hoffm.) PECHUEL-LOESCHEA O.Hoffm. vedderiana Dinter ex Merxm. = N. pedunculata leubnitziae (Kuntze) O.Hoffm. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ( Pluchea leubnitziae (Kuntze) N.E.Br.) NIDORELLA Cass. auriculata DC. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH PEGOLETTIA Cass. (N. auriculata DC. subsp. polycephala (DC.) Wild) acuminata DC. = P. retrofracta

36 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red ASTERACEAE (cont.)

polygalaefolia Less. = P. retrofracta PSEUDOGNAPHALIUM Kirp. retrofracta (Thunb.) Kies GAB PRE UCBG luteo-album (L.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt GAB PRE PSUB SRGH ( Eupatorium retrofractum Thunb.) UCBG (Fresenia foliosa Klatt) ( Gnaphalium luteo-album L.) ( P. acuminata DC.) oligandrum (DC.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt GAB PRE (P. polygalaefolia Less.) PSUB SRGH senegalensis Cass. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ( Gnaphalium oligandrum (DC.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt) tenella DC. = Vernonia galpinii undulatum (L.) Hilliard. & B.L.Burtt PSUB SRGH

PENTZIA Thunb. PSIADIA Jacq. calcarea Kies PRE PSUB aparine Muschl. = P. punctulata calva S.Moore PRE UCBG arabica Jaub. & Spach = P. punctulata (P. microcephala Dinter ex Range) punctulata (DC.) Oliv. & Hiern ex Vatke GAB PRE globosa Less. s SRGH UCBG incana (Thunb.) Kuntze PRE ( Nidorella punctulata DC.) ( Chrysanthemum incanum Thunb.) (P. aparine Muschl.) (P. virgata Less.) (P. arabica Jaub. & Spach) lanata Hutch. PRE (P. resiniflua (Hochst. & Steud. ex DC.) Schweinf. & Asch.) laxa Bremek. & Oberm. = Rennera laxa (P. vernicosa Schinz) microcephala Dinter ex Range = P. calva resiniflua (Hochst. & Steud. ex DC.) Schweinf. & Asch. = pinnatisecta Hutch. PRE P. punctulata spinescens Less. s vernicosa Schinz = P. punctulata virgata Less. = P. incana PTERONIA .L PHILYROPHYLLUM O.Hoffm. acuminata DC. PRE schinzii O.Hoffm. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG candollei Harv. = P. glauca cylindracea DC. PRE SRGH UCBG PLATYCARPHA Less. dinteri S.Moore = P. mucronata carlinoides Oliv. & Hiern PRE UCBG glabrata DC. = P. glauca glauca Thunb. PRE SRGH PLEIOTAXIS Steetz ( P. candollei Harv.) amoena R.E.Fr. = P. eximia subsp. eximia (P. glabrata DC.) eximia O.Hoffm. subsp. eximia GAB SRGH (P. thymifolia Muschl. & Dinter) (P. amoena R.E.Fr.) mucronata DC. PRE SRGH ( P. dinteri S.Moore) PLUCHEA Cass. (P. mucronata DC. subsp. dinteri (S.Moore) Merxm.) bojeri (DC.) Humbert s mucronata DC. subsp. dinteri (S.Moore) Merxm. = P. (P. integrifolia Mattf.) mucronata dioscoridis (L.) DC. GAB PRE thymifolia Muschl. & Dinter = P. glauca PSUB SRGH ( Baccharis dioscoridis L.) PULICARIA Gaertn. integrifolia Mattf. = P. bojeri capensis DC. = P. scabra leubnitziae (Kuntze) N.E.Br. = Pechuel-Loeschea scabra (Thunb.) Druce GAB PRE PSUB SRGH leubnitziae ( Erigeron scabrum Thunb.) nitens O.Hoffm. = Nicolasia nitens (Inula capensis Spreng.) (P. capensis DC.) POLYCHAETIA Less. brevifolia DC. = Geigeria brevifolia RENNERA Merxm. emend. P.P.J.Herman pectidea DC. = Geigeria pectidea laxa (Bremek. & Oberm.) Källersjö PRE ♦ ( Pentzia laxa Bremek. & Oberm.) PSEUDOCONYZA Cautrec. limnophila Merxm. PRE PSUB UCBG viscosa (Mill.) D’Arcy GAB PRE SRGH (Blumea aurita (L.f.) DC.) ROSENIA Thunb. emend. K.Bremer (Blumea viscosa (Mill.) V.M.Badillo) humilis (Less.) K.Bremer PRE (Conyza aurita L.f.) ( Nestlera conferta DC.) ( Laggera aurita (L.f.) Sch.Bip. ex C.B.Clarke) (Nestlera dinteri Muschl. ex Dinter) (Laggera lyrata (Kunth) Leins) (Nestlera humilis Less.)

37 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana ASTERACEAE (cont.)

(Nestlera incana Dinter ex Merxm.) (S. gigas L.Boulos ex Humbert) (Nestlera muriculata DC.) (S. oleraceus L. var. asper L.) (Nestlera oppositifolia DC.) ✹dregeanus DC. SRGH (Nestlera rosenioides Hutch. ex Compton) gigas L.Boulos ex Humbert = S. asper subsp. asper (R. nestleroides Compton) goreensis Lam. = Launaea intybacea nestleroides Compton = R. humilis lanifer Dinter = Launaea rarifolia var. rarifolia ✹oleraceus L. C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG SCHKUHRIA Roth oleraceus L. var. asper L. = S. asper subsp. asper bonariensis Hook. & Arn. = S. pinnata rarifolius Oliv. & Hiern = Launaea rarifolia var. rarifolia ✹pinnata (Lam.) Cabrera GAB PRE SRGH UCBG (S. bonariensis Hook. & Arn.) SPHAERANTHUS L. brounae Robyns = S. flexuosus SCLEROCARPUS Jacq. calcareus Robyns = S. flexuosus africanus Jacq. ex Murray PRE PSUB UCBG dinteri Muschl. = S. flexuosus flexuosus O.Hoffm. ex De Wild. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH SENECIO L. (S. brounae Robyns) abruptus Thunb. PRE (S. calcareus Robyns) (Cacalia acaulis L.f.) (S. dinteri Muschl.) (Kleinia acaulis (L.f.) DC.) (S. humilis O.Hoffm.) apiifolius (DC.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex O.Hoffm. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (S. kalahariensis Bremek. & Oberm.) (S. peculiaris Dinter) humilis O.Hoffm. = S. flexuosus arenarius Thunb. PRE SRGH incisus Robyns PRE PSUB UCBG brachypodus DC. UCBG kalahariensis Bremek. & Oberm. = S. flexuosus cakilefolius DC. PRE peduncularis DC. subsp. peduncularis GAB PRE PSUB UCBG calimocephalus S.Moore GAB UCBG � consanguineus DC. PRE SRGH UCBG STENOCLINE DC. coronatus (Thunb.) Harv. PRE SRGH tomentosula Klatt = Helichrysum tomentosulum subsp. (Cineraria coronata Thunb.) tomentosulum (S. lasiorhizoides Sch.Bip.) (S. lasiorhizus DC.) STOBAEA Thunb. cryphiactis O.Hoffm. PRE PSUB SRGH radula Harv. = Berkheya radula dinteri Muschl. ex Dinter = Emilia ambifaria eenii (S.Moore) Merxm. PRE SRGH UCBG TAGETES L. (Cineraria eenii S.Moore) ✹minuta L. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (S. lentior S.Moore) rotundifolia Mill. = Tithonia rotundifolia (S. rautanenii S.Moore) lasiorhizoides Sch.Bip. = S. coronatus TARCHONANTHUS L. lasiorhizus DC. = S. coronatus abyssinicus Sch.Bip. ex Schweinf. & Asch. = T. camphoratus latifolius DC. SRGH UCBG camphoratus L. var. litakunensis (DC.) Harv. = T. camphoratus lentior S.Moore = S. eenii camphoratus L. C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG UPS leptocephalus Mattf. PRE PSUB SRGH (T. abyssinicus Sch.Bip. ex Schweinf. & Asch.) linifolius L. PRE (T. camphoratus L. var. litakunensis (DC.) Harv.) longiflorus (DC.) Sch.Bip. = Kleinia longiflora minor Less. PRE oxyriifolius DC. GAB � peculiaris Dinter = S. apiifolius TITHONIA Desf. ex Juss. picridifolius DC. = Crassocephalum x picridifolium ✹rotundifolia (Mill.) S.F.Blake PRE PSUB SRGH Ö pleistocephalus S.Moore PRE SRGH (Tagetes rotundifolia Mill.) rautanenii S.Moore = S. eenii schinzii O.Hoffm. = Emilia ambifaria TRIDAX L. strictifolius Hiern PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S ✹procumbens L. GAB PSUB SRGH tenellulus S.Moore = Emilia tenellula thermarum Bolus = Emilia transvaalensis TRIPLOCEPHALUM O.Hoffm. transvaalensis Bolus = Emilia transvaalensis glabrifolium Klatt = Geigeria pectidea venosus Harv. PRE SRGH UCBG VERBESINA L. SONCHUS L. ✹encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Hook. var. encelioides GAB PRE ✹asper (L.) Hill subsp. asper GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG PSUB SRGH UCBG

38 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red BALANITACEAE

(Ximenesia encelioides Cav.) senegalensis (Pers.) Less. = V. colorata subsp. colorata squarrosa Dinter ex Merxm. = V. cinerascens VERNONIA Schreb. steetziana Oliv. & Hiern K PRE SRGH amygdalina Delile GAB K PRE SRGH S stenolepis Oliv. = Baccharoides anthelmintica (V. randii S.Moore) anthelmintica (L.) Willd. = Baccharoides anthelmintica WEDELIA Jacq. aurantiaca (O.Hoffm.) N.E.Br. = Distephanus divaricatus diversipapposa S.Moore = Aspilia mossambicensis cinerascens Sch.Bip. PRE SRGH gossweileri S.Moore = Blainvillea gayana (V. luederitziana O.Hoffm.) mossambicensis Oliv. = Aspilia mossambicensis (V. porta-taurinae Dinter ex Merxm.) triternata Klatt = Melanthera triternata (V. squarrosa Dinter ex Merxm.) colorata (Willd.) Drake subsp. colorata K PRE SRGH XANTHIUM L. (Eupatorium coloratum Willd.) natalense Widder = X. strumarium (V. senegalensis (Pers.) Less.) pungens Wallr. = X. strumarium eriocephala Klatt = V. petersii ✹spinosum L. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG Ö fastigiata Oliv. & Hiern COI GAB K M PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ✹strumarium L. PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG Ö (V. schinzii O.Hoffm.) (X. natalense Widder) galpinii Klatt PRE SRGH UCBG (X. pungens Wallr.) (Pegolettia tenella DC.) (V. monocephala Harv.) XIMENESIA Cav. gerberiformis Oliv. & Hiern subsp. macrocyanus encelioides Cav. = Verbesina encelioides var. encelioides (O.Hoffm.) C.Jeffrey PSUB SRGH (V. primulina O.Hoffm.) ZINNIA L. glabra (Steetz) Vatke var. glabra GAB K PRE multiflora L. = Z. peruviana PSUB SRGH ✹peruviana (L.) L. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG (Linzia glabra Steetz var. glabra) (Z. multiflora L.) (V. glabra (Steetz) Vatke var. ondongensis (Klatt) Merxm.) (V. obconica Oliv. & Hiern) BALANITACEAE (V. ondongensis Klatt) glabra (Steetz) Vatke var. laxa (Steetz) Brenan GAB K BALANITES Delile PRE SRGH aegyptiaca (L.) Delile var. aegyptiaca GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (Linzia glabra Steetz var. laxa Steetz) (B. arabica (Tiegh.) Blatt.) glabra (Steetz) Vatke var. ondongensis (Klatt) Merxm. = V. glabra (B. fischeri Mildbr. & Schltr.) var. glabra (B. latifolia (Tiegh.) Chiov.) kraussii Sch.Bip. ex Walp. = V. oligocephala (B. suckertii Chiov.) latifolia Lem. = V. petersii (B. zizyphoides Mildbr. & Schltr.) luederitziana O.Hoffm. = V. cinerascens (Myrobalanus chebulus Vesling) melleri Oliv. & Hiern var. melleri SRGH angolensis (Welw.) Welw. ex Mildbr. & Schltr. subsp. merenskiana Dinter ex Merxm. = Erlangea misera welwitschii (Tiegh.) Sands s misera Oliv. & Hiern = Erlangea misera (B. welwitschii (Tiegh.) Exell & Mendonça) monocephala Harv. = V. galpinii arabica (Tiegh.) Blatt. = B. aegyptiaca obconica Oliv. & Hiern = V. glabra var. glabra var. aegyptiaca oligocephala (DC.) Sch.Bip. ex Walp. GAB K PRE australis Bremek. = B. pedicellaris subsp. pedicellaris SRGH UCBG dawei Sprague = B. maughamii subsp. maughamii (V. kraussii Sch.Bip. ex Walp.) fischeri Mildbr. & Schltr. = B. aegyptiaca ondongensis Klatt = V. glabra var. glabra var. aegyptiaca petersii Oliv. & Hiern ex Oliv. K M SRGH horrida Mildbr. & Schltr. = B. pedicellaris (V. eriocephala Klatt) subsp. pedicellaris (V. latifolia Lem.) latifolia (Tiegh.) Chiov. = B. aegyptiaca var. aegyptiaca porta-taurinae Dinter ex Merxm. = V. cinerascens maughamii Sprague subsp. maughamii SRGH poskeana Vatke & Hildebr. subsp. botswanica G.V.Pope BOL (B. dawei Sprague) GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG pedicellaris Mildbr. & Schltr. = B. pedicellaris primulina O.Hoffm. = V. gerberiformis subsp. pedicellaris subsp. macrocyanus pedicellaris Mildbr. & Schltr. subsp. pedicellaris PRE randii S.Moore = V. amygdalina SRGH UCBG rosenii R.E.Fr. K LISC PRE SRGH (B. australis Bremek.) schinzii O.Hoffm. = V. fastigiata (B. horrida Mildbr. & Schltr.)

39 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana BALANITACEAE (cont.)

suckertii Chiov. = B. aegyptiaca var. aegyptiaca BORAGO L. welwitschii (Tiegh.) Exell & Mendonça = B. angolensis subsp. zeylanica Burm.f. = Trichodesma zeylanicum welwitschii zizyphoides Mildbr. & Schltr. = B. aegyptiaca var. aegyptiaca CAPRARIA L. rigida Thunb. = Ehretia rigida subsp. rigida BIGNONIACEAE CORDIA L. BIGNONIA L. caﬀra Sond. PRE africana Lam. = Kigelia africana kirkii Baker = C. pilosissima monoica Roxb. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG CATOPHRACTES D.Don ovalis R.Br. ex DC s alexandri D.Don GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG pilosissima Baker K PRE SRGH (C. welwitschii Seem.) (C. kirkii Baker) welwitschii Seem. = C. alexandri quercifolia Klotzsch rothii Roem. & Schult. = C. sinensis DOLICHANDRONE Cham. sinensis Lam. K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH obtusifolia Baker = Markhamia obtusifolia (C. rothii Roem. & Schult.)

KIGELIA DC. EHRETIA P.Browne africana (Lam.) Benth. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG alba Retief & A.E.van Wyk s (Bignonia africana Lam.) amoena Klotzsch GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Heudelotia africana A.Rich.) (E. mossambicensis Klotzsch) (K. pinnata (Jacq.) DC.) (E. stuhlmannii Gürke) pinnata (Jacq.) DC. = K. africana coerulea Gürke s hottentotica Burch. = E. rigida subsp. rigida MARKHAMIA Seem. ex Baill. mossambicensis Klotzsch = E. amoena acuminata (Klotzsch) K.Schum. = M. zanzibarica namibiensis Retief & A.E.van Wyk subsp. obtusifolia (Baker) Sprague GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH namibiensis PRE s (Dolichandrone obtusifolia Baker) obtusifolia Hochst. ex DC. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH zanzibarica (Bojer ex DC.) K.Schum. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH rigida (Thunb.) Druce subsp. nervifolia Retief & A.E.van Wyk UCBG GAB PSUB SRGH UCBG (M. acuminata (Klotzsch) K.Schum.) rigida (Thunb.) Druce subsp. rigida PRE (Spathodea acuminata Klotzsch) (Capraria rigida Thunb.) (Spathodea zanzibarica Bojer ex DC.) (E. hottentotica Burch.) stuhlmannii Gürke = E. amoena RHIGOZUM Burch. brevispinosum Kuntze GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG FRIEDRICHSTHALIA Fenzl (R. linifolium S.Moore) physaloides Fenzl = Trichodesma physaloides (R. spinosum Burch. ex Sprague) linifolium S.Moore = R. brevispinosum HELIOPHYTUM Cham. spinosum Burch. ex Sprague = R. brevispinosum lineare A.DC. = Heliotropium lineare trichotomum Burch. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG zambesiacum Baker PRE SRGH HELIOTROPIUM L. baclei A.DC. var. rostratum Johnst. SRGH SPATHODEA P.Beauv. (H. katangense Gürke ex De Wild.) acuminata Klotzsch = Markhamia zanzibarica ciliatum Kaplan GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG zanzibarica Bojer ex DC. = Markhamia zanzibarica (H. gibbosum Friedr.-Holzh.) (H. pustulatum Kaplan) BOMBACACEAE (Tournefortia tuberculosa Cham.) constrictum Kaplan = H. strigosum ADANSONIA L. coromandelianum Retz. = H. ovalifolium digitata L. PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � ✹curassavicum L. GAB K PRE curassavicum L. var. zeylanicum Burm.f. = H. zeylanicum BORAGINACEAE dissimile N.E.Br. = H. nelsonii erectum Friedr.-Holzh. = H. giessii ANCHUSA L gibbosum Friedr.-Holzh. = H. ciliatum capensis Thunb. PRE giessii Friedr.-Holzh. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG

40 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red BURSERACEAE

(H. erectum Friedr.-Holzh.) ✹indicum L. SRGH NASTURTIUM R.Br. katangense Gürke ex De Wild. = H. baclei var. rostratum fluviatile E.Mey. ex Sond. = Rorippa fluviatilis var. fluviatilis kuntzei Gürke = H. lineare officinale Aiton f. SRGH lineare (A.DC.) Gürke GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek) (Heliophytum lineare A.DC.) (Sisymbrium nasturtium-aquaticum L.) (H. kuntzei Gürke) nelsonii C.H.Wright = H. steudneri RORIPPA Scop. ovalifolium Forssk. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG fluviatilis (E.Mey. ex Sond.) Thell. var. fluviatilis K PRE SRGH UCBG S (H. coromandelianum Retz.) (Nasturtium fluviatile E.Mey. ex Sond.) (H. phyllosepalum Baker) nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek. = Nasturtium officinale phyllosepalum Baker = H. ovalifolium pustulatum Kaplan = H. ciliatum SENEBIERA DC. rogersii Kaplan = H. steudneri integrifolia DC. = Coronopus integrifolius steudneri Vatke GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG linoides DC. = Coronopus integrifolius (H. dissimile N.E.Br.) (H. nelsonii C.H.Wright) SINAPIS L. (H. rogersii Kaplan) juncea L. = Brassica juncea strigosum Willd. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (H. constrictum Kaplan) SISYMBRIUM L. supinum L. COI GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH burchellii DC. var. burchellii PRE UCBG zeylanicum (Burm.f.) Lam. K SRGH (S. gariepinum Burch. ex DC.) (H. curassavicum L. var. zeylanicum Burm.f.) gariepinum Burch. ex DC. = S. burchellii var. burchellii (Tournefortia subulata Hochst. ex A.DC.) nasturtium-aquaticum L. = Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum

TOURNEFORTIA L. BUDDLEJACEAE subulata Hochst. ex A.DC. = Heliotropium zeylanicum tuberculosa Cham. = Heliotropium ciliatum BUDDLEJA L. ✹madagascariensis Lam. PRE TRICHODESMA R.Br. saligna Willd. PRE ambacense Welw. subsp. hockii (De Wild.) Brummitt SRGH salviifolia (L.) Lam. PRE (T. hockii De Wild.) virgata L.f. = Gomphostigma virgatum angustifolium Harv. subsp. angustifolium GAB K PRE (T. lanceolatum Schinz) GOMPHOSTIGMA Turcz. hockii De Wild. = T. ambacense subsp. hockii virgatum (L.f.) Baill. BM K M PRE UCBG Z lanceolatum Schinz = T. angustifolium subsp. angustifolium (Buddleja virgata L.f.) physaloides (Fenzl) A.DC. PRE SRGH (Friedrichsthalia physaloides Fenzl) LACHNOPYLIS Hochst. zeylanicum (Burm.) R.Br. PRE SRGH congesta (R.Br. ex Fresen.) C.A.Sm. = Nuxia congesta (Borago zeylanica Burm.f.) oppositifolia Hochst. = Nuxia oppositifolia

BRASSICACEAE (CRUCIFERAE) NUXIA Comm. ex Lam. congesta R.Br. ex Fresen. BM BOL GAB K PRE UCBG BRASSICA. L (Lachnopylis congesta (R.Br. ex Fresen.) C.A.Sm.) elongata Ehrh. subsp. elongata PRE oppositifolia (Hochst.) Benth. SRGH ✹ juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss. PRE SRGH (Lachnopylis oppositifolia Hochst.) ( Sinapis juncea L.) BURSERACEAE CORONOPUS Zinn ✹integrifolius (DC.) Spreng. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG BALSAMODENDRUM Kunth ( Senebiera integrifolia DC.) molle Oliv. = Commiphora mollis (Senebiera linoides DC.) schimperi O.Berg = Commiphora schimperi

ERUCASTRUM (DC.) C.Presl COMMIPHORA Jacq. arabicum Fisch. & C.A.Mey. var. arabicum GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH africana (A.Rich.) Engl. var. africana GAB K PRE LEPIDIUM L. SRGH UCBG � ✹bonariense L. GAB PRE UCBG (C. benadirensis Mattei)

41 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana BURSERACEAE (cont.)

(C. calciicola Engl.) (C. fischeri Engl.) (C. loandensis Engl.) (C. stolzii Engl.) (C. nkolola Engl.) ndemfi Engl. = C. mollis (C. pilosa (Engl.) Engl.) neumannii Engl. = C. schimperi (C. pilosa (Engl.) Engl. var. meyeri-johannis Engl.) nigrescens Engl. = C. angolensis (C. rugosa Engl.) nkolola Engl. = C. africana var. africana (C. sambesiaca Engl.) oliveri Engl. = C. angolensis (Heudelotia africana A.Rich.) pilosa (Engl.) Engl. = C. africana var. africana angolensis Engl. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � pilosa (Engl.) Engl. var. meyeri-johannis Engl. = C. africana (C. kwebensis N.E.Br.) var. africana (C. nigrescens Engl.) porensis Engl. = Lannea schweinfurthii var. stuhlmannii (C. oliveri Engl.) pyracanthoides Engl. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � (C. rehmannii Engl.) pyracanthoides Engl. subsp. glandulosa (Schinz) Wild = arussensis Engl. = C. schimperi C. glandulosa benadirensis Mattei = C. africana var. africana rehmannii Engl. = C. angolensis berberidifolia Engl. = C. glandulosa resiniflua Martelli = C. schimperi betschuanica Engl. = C. schimperi ruahensis Mattick = C. glandulosa boehmii Engl. = C. mollis rugosa Engl. = C. africana var. africana buraensis Engl. = C. schimperi sambesiaca Engl. = C. africana var. africana caerulea Burtt GAB PSUB SRGH UCBG � schimperi (O.Berg) Engl. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH calciicola Engl. = C. africana var. africana UCBG � chlorocarpa Engl. = C. edulis subsp. edulis (Balsamodendrum schimperi O.Berg) cinerea Engl. = C. mollis (C. arussensis Engl.) dekindtiana Engl. = C. mollis (C. betschuanica Engl.) edulis (Klotzsch) Engl. subsp. edulis K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � (C. buraensis Engl.) (C. chlorocarpa Engl.) (C. hollisii Burtt Davy) (C. morogorensis Engl.) (C. neumannii Engl.) (C. trollii Mattick) (C. resiniflua Martelli) fischeri Engl. = C. mossambicensis stolzii Engl. = C. mossambicensis glandulosa Schinz K PRE PSUB SRGH � stuhlmannii Engl. = C. mollis (C. berberidifolia Engl.) subglauca Engl. = Sclerocarya birrea subsp. caffra (C. pyracanthoides Engl. subsp. glandulosa (Schinz) Wild) tenuipetiolata Engl. PRE SRGH UCBG � (C. ruahensis Mattick) thermitaria Lisowski Malaisse & Symoens = (C. thermitaria Lisowski Malaisse & Symoens) C. glandulosa hollisii Burtt Davy = C. schimperi trollii Mattick = C. edulis subsp. edulis iringensis Engl. = C. mollis welwitschii Engl. = C. mollis karibensis Wild PRE SRGH � krausei Engl. = C. mollis HEUDELOTIA A.Rich. kwebensis N.E.Br. = C. angolensis africana A.Rich. = Commiphora africana var. africana loandensis Engl. = C. africana var. africana marlothii Engl. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG � CABOMBACEAE merkeri in sense of Wild not of Engl. SRGH � mollis (Oliv.) Engl. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG � BRASENIA Schreb. (Balsamodendrum molle Oliv.) peltata Pursh = B. schreberi (C. boehmii Engl.) purpurea (Michx.) Casp. = B. schreberi (C. cinerea Engl.) schreberi J.F.Gmel. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S (C. dekindtiana Engl.) (B. peltata Pursh) (C. iringensis Engl.) (B. purpurea (Michx.) Casp.) (C. krausei Engl.) (Hydropeltis purpurea Michx.) (C. montana Engl.) (C. ndemfi Engl.) HYDROPELTIS Michx. (C. stuhlmannii Engl.) purpurea Michx. = Brasenia schreberi (C. welwitschii Engl.) montana Engl. = C. mollis CACTACEAE morogorensis Engl. = C. edulis subsp. edulis mossambicensis (Oliv.) Engl. BM FHO GAB PRE PSUB SRGH CEREUS Mill. UCBG � ✹jamacaru DC. �Ös

42 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red CAPPARACEAE

CYLINDROPUNTIA (Engelm.) F.Kunth (Lightfootia denticulata (Burch.) Sond.) imbricata (Haw.) Kunth = Opuntia imbricata (Lightfootia dinteri Engl. ex Dinter) (Lightfootia intricata Dinter & Markgr.-Dann.) OPUNTIA Mill. dinteri Brehmer = W. undulata compressa (Salisb.) J.Macbr. = O. humifusa foliosa Brehmer = W. banksiana ✹ficus-indica (L.) Mill. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG �Ö gracillima S.Moore = W. banksiana (O. megacantha Salm-Dyck) inhambanensis Klotzsch = W. androsacea ✹humifusa (Raf.) Raf. �Ös lateralis Brehmer = W. ramosissima subsp. lateralis (O. compressa (Salisb.) J.Macbr.) multiflora Conrath = W. banksiana ✹imbricata (Haw.) DC. PRE �Ös napiformis (A.DC.) Thulin GAB K M MO PRE SRGH (Cylindropuntia imbricata (Haw.) Kunth) (Lightfootia glomerata Engl.) megacantha Salm-Dyck = O. ficus-indica (Lightfootia marginata A.DC.) (Lightfootia napiformis A.DC.) CAMPANULACEAE nudicaulis A.DC. = W. androsacea okavangensis N.E.Br. = W. banksiana CAMPANULA L. perennis Brehmer = W. androsacea denticulata Burch. = Wahlenbergia denticulata var. denticulata ramosissima (Hemsl.) Thulin subsp. lateralis (Brehmer) Thulin undulata L.f. = Wahlenbergia undulata K PRE PSUB SRGH (Cephalostigma pyramidale Schinz) CEPHALOSTIGMA A.DC. (W. lateralis Brehmer) pyramidale Schinz = Wahlenbergia ramosissima subsp. lateralis rosulata Brehmer = W. androsacea scoparia Brehmer = W. undulata GUNILLAEA Thulin tenuis A.DC. GAB PRE rhodesica (Adamson) Thulin GAB PRE PSUB SRGH undulata (L.f.) A.DC. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Prismatocarpus rhodesicus Adamson) (Campanula undulata L.f.) (W. caledonica Sond.) LIGHTFOOTIA L’Hér. (W. dinteri Brehmer) denticulata (Burch.) Sond. = Wahlenbergia denticulata (W. scoparia Brehmer) var. denticulata dinteri Engl. ex Dinter = Wahlenbergia denticulata var. denticulata CANNABACEAE glomerata Engl. = Wahlenbergia napiformis intricata Dinter & Markgr.-Dann. = Wahlenbergia denticulata CANNABIS L. var. denticulata ✹sativa L. SRGH marginata A.DC. = Wahlenbergia napiformis napiformis A.DC.= Wahlenbergia napiformis CAPPARACEAE

PRISMATOCARPUS L’Hér. BOSCIA Lam. cordifolius Adamson PRE albitrunca (Burch.) Gilg & Gilg-Ben. var. albitrunca GAB PRE rhodesicus Adamson = Gunillaea rhodesica PSUB SRGH UCBG (B. pechuelii Kuntze) WAHLENBERGIA Schrad. ex Roth (B. transvaalensis Pestal.) androsacea A.DC. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG (Capparis albitrunca Burch.) (W. arenaria DC.) (Capparis punctata Burch.) (W. inhambanensis Klotzsch) angustifolia A.Rich. var. corymbosa (Gilg) DeWolf PRE (W. nudicaulis A.DC.) PSUB SRGH (W. perennis Brehmer) (B. caloneura Gilg) (W. rosulata Brehmer) (B. corymbosa Gilg) arenaria DC. = W. androsacea (B. homblei De Wild.) banksiana A.DC. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH caloneura Gilg = B. angustifolia var. corymbosa (W. foliosa Brehmer) carsonii Baker = B. mossambicensis (W. gracillima S.Moore) corymbosa Gilg = B. angustifolia var. corymbosa (W. multiﬂora Conrath) foetida Schinz subsp. minima Toelken PRE SRGH UCBG♦ (W. okavangensis N.E.Br.) foetida Schinz subsp. rehmanniana (Pestal.) Toelken BM K L caledonica Sond. = W. undulata PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG denticulata (Burch.) A.DC. var. denticulata PRE (B. rehmanniana Pestal.) PSUB SRGH hexamitocarpa Gilg-Ben. = B. matabelensis (Campanula denticulata Burch.) homblei De Wild. = B. angustifolia var. corymbosa

43 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana CAPPARACEAE (cont.)

matabelensis Pestal. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH hirta (Klotzsch) Oliv. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (B. hexamitocarpa Gilg-Ben.) (C. bechuanensis Bremek. & Oberm.) mossambicensis Klotzsch GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (C. pulcherrima Busc. & Muschl.) (B. carsonii Baker) (Polanisia hirta (Klotzsch) Pax) (B. welwitschii Gilg) iberidella Welw. ex Oliv. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH pechuelii Kuntze = B. albitrunca var. albitrunca kalachariensis (Schinz) Gilg & Gilg-Ben. BM GAB K PRE powellii Sprague = B. salicifolia PSUB SRGH rehmanniana Pestal. = B. foetida subsp. rehmanniana (C. sulfurea Bremek. & Oberm.) salicifolia Oliv. K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG macrophylla (Klotzsch) Briq. var. macrophylla PRE (B. powellii Sprague) PSUB SRGH transvaalensis Pestal. = B. albitrunca var. albitrunca (C. nationae Burtt Davy) welwitschii Gilg = B. mossambicensis maculata (Sond.) Szyszyl. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG (Polanisia maculata Sond.) CADABA Forssk. (Tetratelia maculata (Sond.) Sond.) aphylla (Thunb.) Wild GAB PRE SRGH UCBG � monophylla L. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (C. juncea (Sparrm.) Harv. ex Hook.f.) (C. epilobioides Baker f.) juncea (Sparrm.) Harv. ex Hook.f. = C. aphylla nationae Burtt Davy = C. macrophylla var. macrophylla macropoda Gilg = C. termitaria oxyphylla Burch. PRE SRGH UCBG natalensis Sond. PRE SRGH pulcherrima Busc. & Muschl. = C. hirta termitaria N.E.Br. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG rubella Burch. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (C. macropoda Gilg) (C. rupestris Sond.) rupestris Sond. = C. rubella CAPPARIS L. sulfurea Bremek. & Oberm. = C. kalachariensis albitrunca Burch. = Boscia albitrunca var. albitrunca bangweolensis R.E.Fr. = C. eleagnoides DIANTHERA Klotzsch corymbifera E.Mey. ex Sond. = C. tomentosa burchelliana Klotzsch ex Sond. = Cleome angustifolia eleagnoides Gilg K SRGH subsp. diandra (C. bangweolensis R.E.Fr.) petersiana (Klotzsch ex Sond.) Pax = Cleome angustifolia punctata Burch. = Boscia albitrunca var. albitrunca subsp. petersiana sepiaria L. var. subglabra (Oliv.) DeWolf PRE tomentosa Lam. K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG GYNANDROPSIS DC. (C. corymbifera E.Mey. ex Sond.) gynandra (L.) Briq. = Cleome gynandra triphylla Thunb. = Maerua cafra pentaphylla (L.) Briq. = Cleome gynandra

CLEOME L. MAERUA Forssk. angustifolia Forssk. subsp. diandra (Burch.) Kers K PSUB angolensis DC. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG SRGH UCBG angustifolia Schinz = M. juncea subsp. juncea (C. angustifolia Forssk. subsp. diandra (Burch.) Kers cafra (DC.) Pax SRGH UCBG var. namaquensis Kers) (Capparis triphylla Thunb.) (C. diandra Burch.) (M. triphylla (Thunb.) Dur. & Schinz) (Dianthera burchelliana Klotzsch ex Sond.) (Niebuhria cafra DC.) (Polanisia dianthera DC.) (Niebuhria triphylla (Thunb.) H.L.Wendl.) angustifolia Forssk. subsp. diandra (Burch.) Kers var. flagellaris (Oliv.) Gilg & Gilg-Ben. = M. juncea subsp. juncea namaquensis flagellaris (Oliv.) Gilg & Gilg-Ben. subsp. crustata Wild = Kers = C. angustifolia subsp. diandra M. juncea subsp. crustata angustifolia Forssk. subsp. petersiana (Klotzsch ex Sond.) Kers guerichii Pax = M. juncea subsp. juncea PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG hirticaulis Gilg & Gilg-Ben. = M. parvifolia (Dianthera petersiana (Klotzsch ex Sond.) Pax) juncea Pax subsp. crustata (Wild) Wild GAB K PRE bechuanensis Bremek. & Oberm. = C. hirta SRGH UCBG � confusa Dinter = C. elegantissima (M. flagellaris (Oliv.) Gilg & Gilg-Ben. subsp. crustata Wild) diandra Burch. = C. angustifolia subsp. diandra juncea Pax subsp. juncea PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � elegantissima Briq. PRE UCBG (M. angustifolia Schinz) (C. confusa Dinter) (M. flagellaris (Oliv.) Gilg & Gilg-Ben.) epilobioides Baker = C. monophylla (M. guerichii Pax) gynandra L. BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG legatii Burtt Davy = M. parvifolia (Gynandropsis gynandra (L.) Briq.) parvifolia Pax GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (Gynandropsis pentaphylla (L.) Briq.) (M. hirticaulis Gilg & Gilg-Ben.)

44 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red CELASTRACEA

(M. legatii Burtt Davy) ✹sennii Chiov. PRE schinzii Pax GAB SRGH triphylla (Thunb.) T.Durand & Schinz = M. cafra CELASTRACEAE

NIEBUHRIA DC. CASSINE L. cafra DC. = Maerua cafra aethiopica Thunb. = Mystroxylum aethiopicum triphylla (Thunb.) H.L.Wendl. = Maerua cafra matabelica (Loes.) Steedman = Elaeodendron matabelicum transvaalensis (Burtt Davy) Codd = Elaeondendron tranvaalense POLANISIA Raf. dianthera DC. = Cleome angustifolia subsp. diandra CELASTRUS L. hirta (Klotzsch) Pax = Cleome hirta heterophyllus Eckl. & Zeyh. = Gymnosporia heterophylla maculata Sond. = Cleome maculata subsp. heterophylla peduncularis Sond. = Maytenus peduncularis TETRATELIA Sond. senegalensis Lam. = Gymnosporia senegalensis maculata (Sond.) Sond. = Cleome maculata tenuispina Sond. = Gymnosporia tenuispina undatus Thunb. = Maytenus undata CARYOPHYLLACEAE CROCOXYLON Eckl. & Zeyh. ALSINE L. transvaalense (Burtt Davy) N.Robson = Elaeodendron transvaalense media L. = Stellaria media prostrata Forssk. = Polycarpon prostratum var. prostratum EUONYMUS L. inermis Forssk. = Ochna inermis CORRIGIOLA L. litoralis L. forma typica Graebn. = C. litoralis subsp. litoralis ELAEODENDRON Jacq. var. litoralis fruticosum N.Robson = E. matabelicum litoralis L. subsp. litoralis var. litoralis GAB K PRE SRGH matabelicum Loes. K PRE SRGH (C. litoralis L. forma typica Graebn.) (Cassine matabelica (Loes.) Steedman) (C. litoralis L. var. purpurascens Giraudias) (E. fruticosum N.Robson) litoralis L. var. purpurascens Giraudias = C. litoralis transvaalense (Burtt Davy) R.H.Archer PRE subsp. litoralis var. litoralis (Cassine transvaalensis (Burtt Davy) Codd) (Crocoxylon transvaalense (Burtt Davy) N.Robson) DIANTHUS L. colensoi F.N.Williams = D. zeyheri subsp. natalensis GYMNOSPORIA (Wight & Arn.) Hook.f. micropetalus Ser. PRE buxifolia (L.) Syszyl. PRE zeyheri Sond. subsp. natalensis Hooper PRE heterophylla (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Loes. PRE (D. colensoi F.N.Williams) (Maytenus heterophylla in sense of (Eckl. & Zeyh.) N.Robson in part) POLLICHIA Aiton maranguensis (Loes.) Loes. PRE campestris Aiton GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG senegalensis (Lam.) Loes. PRE (Celastrus senegalensis Lam.) POLYCARPAEA Lam. (Maytenus senegalensis (Lam.) Exell) ✹corymbosa (L.) Lam. var. corymbosa GAB PRE PSUB SRGH tenuispina (Sond.) Syszyl. PRE (Achyranthes corymbosa L.) (Celastrus tenuispina Sond.) eriantha Hochst. ex A.Rich. var. eriantha PRE PSUB SRGH (Maytenus tenuispina (Sond.) Marais) (P. grossartii Dinter) grossartii Dinter = P. eriantha var. eriantha HIPPOCRATEA L. africana (Willd.) Loes. var. richardiana (Cambess.) N.Robson = POLYCARPON L. Loeseneriella africana var. richardiana loeflingii Benth. = P. prostratum var. prostratum buchananii Loes. = Reissantia buchananii prostratum (Forssk.) Asch. & Schweinf. var. prostratum GAB indica Willd. = Reissantia indica var. orientalis PRE PSUB nitida Oberm. = Loeseneriella africana var. richardiana (Alsine prostrata Forssk.) parviflora N.E.Br. = Reissantia parviflora (P. loeflingii Benth.) LOESENERIELLA A.C.Sm. STELLARIA L. africana (Willd.) N.Hallé var. richardiana (Cambess.) ✹media (L.) Vill. PRE SRGH N.Hallé PRE (Alsine media L.) (Hippocratea africana (Willd.) Loes. var. richardiana

45 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana CELASTRACEAE (cont.)

(Cambess.) N.Robson) GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG opulifolium Schrad. ex W.D.J.Koch & Ziz subsp. hederiforme MAYTENUS Molina Murr = C. hederiforme var. dentatum heterophylla in sense of (Eckl. & Zeyh.) N.Robson opulifolium Schrad. ex W.D.J.Koch & Ziz subsp. kalacharicum subsp. heterophylla = Gymnosporia heterophylla Murr = C. hederiforme var. dentatum peduncularis (Sond.) Loes. PRE phillipsianum Aellen PRE polyacantha (Sond.) Marais = Gymnosporia polyacantha ✹schraderianum Roem. & Schult. GAB K PRE SRGH subsp. polyacantha (C. foetidum Schrad.) senegalensis (Lam.) Exell = Gymnosporia senegalensis (C. foetidum Schrad. subsp. gracile Aellen) tenuispina (Sond.) Marais = Gymnosporia tenuispina (C. foetidum Schrad. subsp. pseudomultiflorum Murr) undata (Thunb.) Blakelock K PRE SRGH UCBG (Celastrus undatus Thunb.) SALSOLA L. albida Botsch. PRE REISSANTIA N.Hallé aphylla L.f. GAB PRE UCBG � buchananii (Loes.) N.Hallé PRE (Caroxylon brevifolium St.-Lag.) (Hippocratea buchananii Loes.) (Caroxylon salsola Thunb.) (S. aphylla L.f. var. canescens Fenzl ex Drège) CERATOPHYLLACEAE (S. caffra Sparrm.) (S. caroxylon Moq.) CERATOPHYLLUM L. aphylla L.f. var. canescens Fenzl ex Drège = S. aphylla demersum L. var. demersum forma demersum GAB K LISC aphylla L.f. var. virescens Fenzl ex Drège = S. rabieana PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S caffra Sparrm. = S. aphylla submersum L. K SRGH S caroxylon Moq. = S. aphylla etoshensis Botsch. PRE CHENOPODIACEAE glabrescens Burtt Davy PRE ✹kali L. UCBG �Ö ATRIPLEX L. namaqualandica Botsch. PRE ✹semibaccata R.Br. var. typica Aellen PRE rabieana I.Verd. BM K PRE SRGH � suberecta I.Verd. s (S. aphylla L.f. var. virescens Fenzl ex Drège) tuberculata (Moq.) Fenzl PRE UCBG � CAROXYLON Thunb. (Caroxylon tuberculatum Moq.) brevifolium St.-Lag. = Salsola aphylla salsola Thunb. = Salsola aphylla SUAEDA Forssk. ex J.F.Gmel. tuberculatum Moq. = Salsola tuberculata articulata Aellen PRE � fruticosa (L.) Forssk. PRE � CHENOPODIUM L. merxmuelleri Aell. GAB K PSUB SRGH � ✹album L. K PRE SRGH plumosa Aellen GAB PRE � ✹ambrosioides L. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ✹carinatum R.Br. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG CHRYSOBALANACEAE foetidum Schrad. = C. schraderianum foetidum Schrad. subsp. gracile Aellen = C. schraderianum PARINARI Aubl. foetidum Schrad. subsp. pseudomultiflorum Murr = capensis Harv. subsp. capensis GAB K PRE PSUB C. schraderianum SRGH UCBG ✹ glaucum L. s (P. capensis Harv. subsp. latifolia (Oliv.) R.A.Graham) hederiforme (Murr) Aellen var. dentatum Aellen GAB K PRE (P. capensis Harv. var. latifolia Oliv.) SRGH UCBG (P. curatellifolia Planch. ex Benth. (C. opulifolium Schrad. ex W.D.J.Koch & Ziz var. fruticulosa R.E.Fr.) subsp. hederiforme Murr) (P. latifolia (Oliv.) Exell) (C. opulifolium Schrad. ex W.D.J.Koch & Ziz (P. pumila Mildbr.) subsp. kalacharicum Murr) capensis Harv. subsp. latifolia (Oliv.) R.A.Graham = P. capensis longidjawense Peter = C. murale var. murale subsp. capensis murale L. var. acutidentatum Aellen = C. murale var. murale capensis Harv. var. latifolia Oliv. = P. capensis subsp. capensis ✹murale L. var. murale GAB K PRE SRGH curatellifolia Planch. ex Benth. GAB (C. longidjawense Peter) curatellifolia Planch. ex Benth. var. fruticulosa R.E.Fr. = (C. murale L. var. acutidentatum Aellen) P. capensis subsp. capensis olukondae (Murr) Murr K PRE SRGH latifolia (Oliv.) Exell = P. capensis subsp. capensis ✹opulifolium Schrad. ex W.D.J.Koch & Ziz var. opulifolium pumila Mildbr. = P. capensis subsp. capensis

46 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red COMBRETACEAE

CLUSIACEAE (GUTTIFERAE) (C. glomeruliflorum Sond.) (Terminalia erythrophylla Burch.) GARCINIA L. fragrans F.Hoffm. = C. adenogonium angolensis Vesque = G. livingstonei gazense Swynn. & Baker f. = C. collinum subsp. gazense baikieana Vesque = G. livingstonei glandulosum F.Hoffm. = C. zeyheri ferrandii Chiov. = G. livingstonei glomeruliflorum Sond. = C. erythrophyllum livingstonei T.Anderson GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG grandifolium F.Hoffm. = C. psidioides subsp. psidioides (G. angolensis Vesque) gueinzii Sond. = C. molle (G. baikieana Vesque) hereroense Schinz subsp. hereroense var. hereroense FHO (G. ferrandii Chiov.) GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (C. rhodesicum Baker f.) HYPERICUM L. (sometimes placed under Hypericaceae) (C. sambesiacum Engl. & Diels) baumii Engl. & Gilg = H. lalandii (C. transvaalense Schinz) lalandii Choisy GAB PRE SRGH UCBG holosericeum Sond. = C. molle (H. baumii Engl. & Gilg) imberbe Wawra BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (H. lalandii Choisy var. valderamosum Suesseng. & Merxm.) (C. primigenum Marloth ex Engl.) lalandii Choisy var. valderamosum Suesseng. & Merxm. = (C. truncatum Welw. ex M.A.Lawson) H. lalandii kwebense N.E.Br. = C. apiculatum subsp. leutweinii leutweinii Schinz = C. apiculatum subsp. leutweinii COMBRETACEAE lomuense Sim = C. microphyllum macrostigmateum Engl. & Diels = C. schumannii COMBRETUM Loefl. mechowianum O.Hoffm. = C. collinum subsp. gazense adenogonium Steud. ex A.Rich. PRE PSUB SRGH microphyllum Klotzsch SRGH (C. fragrans F.Hoffm.) (C. lomuense Sim) albopunctatum Suess. BM FHO GAB PSUB SRGH UCBG (C. paniculatum Vent. subsp. microphyllum (Klotzsch) apiculatum Sond. subsp. apiculatum GAB PRE PSUB Wickens) SRGH UCBG molle R.Br. ex G.Don FHO K LISC PRE PSUB (C. apiculatum Sond. subsp. boreale Exell) SRGH UCBG (C. buchananii Engl. & Diels) (C. gueinzii Sond.) apiculatum Sond. subsp. boreale Exell = C. apiculatum (C. holosericeum Sond.) subsp. apiculatum mossambicense (Klotzsch) Engl. GAB PRE PSUB apiculatum Sond. subsp. leutweinii (Schinz) Exell FHO GAB SRGH UCBG PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Poivrea mossambicensis Klotzsch) (C. kwebense N.E.Br.) myrtifolium M.A.Lawson = Pteleopsis myrtifolia (C. leutweinii Schinz) oatesii Rolfe = C. platypetalum subsp. oatesii brachypetalum R.E.Fr. = C. psidioides subsp. psidioides ondongense Engl. & Diels = C. collinum subsp. ondongense buchananii Engl. & Diels = C. apiculatum subsp. apiculatum paniculatum Vent. subsp. microphyllum (Klotzsch) Wickens = celastroides Welw. ex M.A.Lawson subsp. celastroides FHO C. microphyllum PRE PSUB SRGH patelliforme Engl. & Diels = C. celastroides (C. patelliforme Engl. & Diels) subsp. celastroides celastroides Welw. ex M.A.Lawson subsp. orientale Exell PRE platypetalum Welw. ex M.A.Lawson subsp. oatesii (Rolfe) Exell chlorocarpum Exell = C. schumannii PRE SRGH collinum Fresen. subsp. gazense (Swynn. & Baker f.) Okafor (C. oatesii Rolfe) FHO K PRE PSUB UCBG platypetalum Welw. ex M.A.Lawson subsp. platypetalum (C. gazense Swynn. & Baker f.) PRE SRGH (C. mechowianum O.Hoffm.) primigenum Marloth ex Engl. = C. imberbe collinum Fresen. subsp. ondongense (Engl. & Diels) Okafor prunifolium Engl. & Diels = C. elaeagnoides FHO K PRE psidioides Welw. subsp. dinteri (Schinz) Exell s (C. ondongense Engl. & Diels) psidioides Welw. subsp. glabrum Exell s collinum Fresen. subsp. suluense (Engl. & Diels) Okafor s psidioides Welw. subsp. psidioides GAB PRE PSUB elaeagnoides Klotzsch BM EA GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG SRGH UCBG (C. brachypetalum R.E.Fr.) (C. prunifolium Engl. & Diels) (C. grandifolium F.Hoffm.) (C. stevensonii Exell) rhodesicum Baker f. = C. hereroense subsp. hereroense engleri Schinz GAB PRE PSUB var. hereroense erythrophyllum (Burch.) Sond. FHO GAB LISC PRE PSUB sambesiacum Engl. & Diels = C. hereroense subsp. hereroense SRGH UCBG var. hereroense

47 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana COMBRETACEAE (cont.)

schumannii Engl. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH hackeliana Schinz = Ipomoea hackeliana (C. chlorocarpum Exell) (C. macrostigmateum Engl. & Diels) ASTRIPOMOEA A.Meeuse stevensonii Exell = C. elaeagnoides lachnosperma (Choisy) A.Meeuse GAB K LISC PRE tinctorum Welw. ex M.A.Lawson = C. zeyheri PSUB SRGH transvaalense Schinz = C. hereroense subsp. hereroense (Astrochlaena lachnosperma (Choisy) Hallier f.) var. hereroense (Ipomoea lachnosperma Choisy) truncatum Welw. ex M.A.Lawson = C. imberbe ✹malvacea (Klotzsch) A.Meeuse SRGH UCBG zeyheri Sond. COI GAB LISC PSUB SRGH UCBG (Astrochlaena malvacea (Klotzsch) Hallier f.) (C. glandulosum F.Hoﬀm.) (Breweria malvacea Klotzsch) (C. tinctorum Welw. ex M.A.Lawson) rotundata (Pilg.) A.Meeuse PRE

MYROBALANUS Gaertn. ASTROCHLAENA Hallier f. chebulus Vesling = Balanites aegyptiaca var. aegyptiaca lachnosperma (Choisy) Hallier f. = Astripomoea lachnosperma malvacea (Klotzsch) Hallier f. = Astripomoea malvacea POIVREA Comm. ex DC. mossambicensis Klotzsch = Combretum mossambicense BONAMIA Thouars capensis (E.Mey. ex Choisy) Burtt Davy = Seddera capensis PTELEOPSIS Engl. suffruticosa (Schinz) Burtt Davy = Seddera suffruticosa myrtifolia (M.A.Lawson) Engl. & Diels FHO PRE PSUB velutina Verdc. FHO PRE (Combretum myrtifolium M.A.Lawson) BREWERIA R.Br. TERMINALIA L. capensis (E.Mey. ex Choisy) Baker = Seddera capensis brachystemma Welw. ex Hiern subsp. brachystemma PRE PSUB malvacea Klotzsch = Astripomoea malvacea brachystemma x T. sericea Exell FHO suffruticosa Schinz = Seddera suffruticosa erythrophylla Burch. = Combretum erythrophyllum fischeri Engl. = T. sericea CALYCANTHEMUM Klotzsch holstii Engl. = T. prunioides leucanthemum Klotzsch = Ipomoea leucanthemum nyassensis Engl. = T. sericea petersii Engl. = T. prunioides CONVOLVULUS L. prunioides M.A.Lawson BM FHO GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG alsinoides L. = Evolvulus alsinoides (T. holstii Engl.) angolensis Baker = C. sagittatus (T. petersii Engl.) aschersonii Engl. K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG randii Baker f. BM FHO GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (C. sagittatus Thunb. var. aschersonii (Engl.) Verdc.) sericea Burch. ex DC. FHO GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG cairicus L. = Ipomoea cairica var. cairica (T. fischeri Engl.) copticus L. = Ipomoea coptica var. coptica (T. nyassensis Engl.) cordifolius Thunb. = C. farinosus stenostachya Engl. & Diels PRE farinosus L. PRE PSUB SRGH stuhlmannii Engl. FHO GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (C. cordifolius Thunb.) trichopoda Diels GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (C. penicellatus A.Rich.) (C. quinqueflorus Vahl) CONNARACEAE (C. schweinfurthii Engl.) heptaphyllus Rottl. & Willd. = Ipomoea tenuipes BYRSOCARPUS Thonn. ex Schumach. hirtellus Hallier f. = C. sagittatus orientalis (Baill.) Baker = Rourea orientalis huillensis (Baker) Rendle = C. sagittatus tomentosus G.Schellenb. = Rourea orientalis linifolius L. = Evolvulus alsinoides obscurus L. = Ipomoea obscura var. obscura ROUREA Aubl. ocellatus Hook.f. PRE SRGH orientalis Baill. FHO K PRE SRGH (C. ocellatus Hook.f. var. ornatus (Engl.) A.Meeuse) (Byrsocarpus orientalis (Baill.) Baker) oenotherae Vatke = Ipomoea oenotherae var. oenotherae (Byrsocarpus tomentosus G.Schellenb.) penicellatus A.Rich. = C. farinosus phyllosepalus Hallier f. = C. sagittatus CONVOLVULACEAE quinqueflorus Vahl = C. farinosus sagittatus Thunb. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ANISEIA Choisy (C. angolensis Baker) fulvicaulis Hochst. ex Choisy = Ipomoea fulvicaulis (C. hirtellus Hallier f.) var. fulvicaulis (C. huillensis (Baker) Rendle)

48 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red CONVOLVULACEAE (cont.)

(C. phyllosepalus Hallier f.) (Convolvulus linifolius L.) (C. sagittatus Thunb. subsp. grandiflorus (Hallier f.) A.Meeuse (E. alsinoides (L.) L. var. linifolius (L.) Baker) var. graminifolius (Hallier f.) Baker & C.H.Wright alsinoides (L.) L. var. linifolius (L.) Baker = E. alsinoides ex A.Meeuse) capensis E.Mey. ex Choisy = Seddera capensis (C. sagittatus Thunb. subsp. grandiflorus (Hallier f.) A.Meeuse var. grandiflorus) FALKIA Thunb. (C. sagittatus Thunb. subsp. grandiflorus (Hallier f.) A.Meeuse abyssinica Engl. = F. oblonga var. linearifolius (Hallier f.) Baker & C.H.Wright dichondroides Baker = F. repens ex A.Meeuse) diffusa (Choisy) Hallier f. = F. repens (C. sagittatus Thunb. subsp. grandiflorus Hallier f. var. oblonga Bernh. ex C.Krauss GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH subcordata (Hallier f.) Baker) (F. abyssinica Engl.) (C. sagittatus Thunb. subsp. sagittatus var. hirtellus repens Thunb. PSUB (Hallier f.) A.Meeuse) (F. dichondroides Baker) (C. sagittatus Thunb. subsp. sagittatus var. namaquensis (F. diffusa (Choisy) Hallier f.) A.Meeuse) (F. villosa Hallier f.) (C. sagittatus Thunb. subsp. sagittatus var. phyllosepalus villosa Hallier f. = F. repens (Hallier f.) A.Meeuse) (C. sagittatus Thunb. subsp. sagittatus var. ulosepalus IPOMOEA L. (Hallier f.) Verdc.) adenioides Schinz GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � (C. sagittatus Thunb. var. grandiflorus Hallier f. (I. marlothii Engl.) subvar. graminifolia Hallier f.) adumbrata Rendle & Britten = I. crassipes var. crassipes (C. sagittatus Thunb. var. grandiflorus Hallier f. angustifolia Jacq. = Xenostegia tridentata subsp. angustifolia subvar. linearifolia Hallier f.) angustisecta Engl. = I. bolusiana (C. sagittatus var. ulosepalus (Hallier f.) Verdc.) aquatica Forssk. GAB K PRE SRGH �S (C. ulosepalus Hallier f.) (I. natans Dinter & Suess.) sagittatus Thunb. subsp. grandiflorus (Hallier f.) A.Meeuse (I. reptans Roem. & Schult.) var. graminifolius (Hallier f.) Baker & C.H.Wright ex (I. sagittaefolia Hochr.) A.Meeuse = C. sagittatus arachnosperma Welw. = I. dichroa sagittatus Thunb. subsp. grandiflorus (Hallier f.) A.Meeuse aspericaulis Baker = I. welwitschii var. grandiflorus = C. sagittatus atherstonei Baker = I. oblongata sagittatus Thunb. subsp. grandiflorus (Hallier f.) A.Meeuse baclii Choisy = I. rubens var. linearifolius (Hallier f.) Baker & C.H.Wright ex bellecomans Rendle = I. crassipes A.Meeuse = C. sagittatus blepharosepala Hochst. ex A.Rich. = I. sinensis sagittatus Thunb. subsp. grandiflorus Hallier f. subsp. blepharosepala var. subcordata (Hallier f.) Baker = C. sagittatus bolusiana Schinz GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � sagittatus Thunb. subsp. sagittatus var. hirtellus (Hallier f.) (I. angustisecta Engl.) A.Meeuse = C. sagittatus (I. bolusiana Schinz subsp. pinnatipartita Verdc.) sagittatus Thunb. subsp. sagittatus var. namaquensis (I. mesenterioides Hallier f.) A.Meeuse = C. sagittatus (I. praetermissa Rendle) sagittatus Thunb. subsp. sagittatus var. phyllosepalus (Hallier f.) (I. simplex Thunb. var. obtusisepala Rendle) A.Meeuse = C. sagittatus bolusiana Schinz subsp. pinnatipartita Verdc. = I. bolusiana sagittatus Thunb. subsp. sagittatus var. ulosepalus (Hallier f.) cairica (L.) Sweet GAB PRE SRGH UCBG � Verdc. = C. sagittatus (Convolvulus cairicus L.) sagittatus Thunb. var. aschersonii (Engl.) Verdc. = C. aschersonii calcarata Rendle = I. tuberculata sagittatus Thunb. var. grandiflorus Hallier f. subvar. graminifolia calystegioides (E.Mey. ex Choisy) Hallier f. = I. crassipes Hallier f. = C. sagittatus cardiosepala Hochst. ex Baker & C.H.Wright = I. sinensis sagittatus Thunb. var. grandiflorus Hallier f. subvar. linearifolia subsp. blepharosepala Hallier f. = C. sagittatus carnea Jacq. subsp. fistulosa (Mart. ex Choisy) D.F.Austin PRE sagittatus Thunb. var. latifolius C.H.Wright = C. sagittatus cecilae N.E.Br. = I. oenotherae var. oenotherae sagittatus Thunb. var. ulosepalus (Hallier f.) Verdc. = C. sagittatus cecilae N.E.Br. var. anomophylla Merxm. = I. oenotherae schweinfurthii Engl. = C. farinosus cecilae N.E.Br. var. quinquesecta Merxm. = I. oenotherae sinensis Desr. = Ipomoea sinensis chloroneura Hallier f. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH ulosepalus Hallier f. = C. sagittatus conceiroi Rendle = I. verbascoidea coptica (L.) Roth ex Roem. & Schult. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB EVOLVULUS L. SRGH UCBG alsinoides (L.) L. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Convolvulus copticus L.) (Convolvulus alsinoides L.) (I. dissecta Willd.)

49 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana CONVOLVULACEAE (cont.)

coscinosperma Hochst. ex Choisy GAB K LISC PRE (I. otjikangensis Pilg. & Dinter) PSUB SRGH magnusiana Schinz var. eenii (Rendle) A.Meeuse = I. (I. polygonoides Schweinf.) magnusiana crassipes Hook. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG marlothii Engl. = I. adenioides var. adenioides (I. adumbrata Rendle & Britten) mesenterioides Hallier f. = I. bolusiana (I. bellecomans Rendle) natans Dinter & Suess. = I. aquatica (I. calystegioides (E.Mey. ex Choisy) Hallier f.) oblongata E.Mey. ex Choisy GAB PRE SRGH � (I. greenstockii Rendle) (I. atherstonei Baker) (I. sarmentacea Rendle) (I. lambtoniana Rendle) cynanchifolia Baker & Rendle = I. plebeia subsp. africana (I. randii Rendle) dammarana Rendle = I. verbascoidea (Turbina oblongata (E.Mey. ex Choisy) A.Meeuse) dasysperma Jacq. = I. tuberculata var. tuberculata obscura (L.) Ker-Gawl. var. fragilis (Choisy) A.Meeuse = dasysperma Jacq. var. odontosepala (Baker) Verdc. = I. I. obscura var. obscura tuberculata obscura (L.) Ker-Gawl. var. obscura GAB K PRE PSUB dichroa Choisy K PRE PSUB SRGH SRGH UCBG (I. arachnosperma Welw.) (Convolvulus obscurus L.) (I. pilosa (Roxb.) Sweet) (I. fragilis Choisy) dissecta Willd. = I. coptica (I. obscura (L.) Ker-Gawl. var. fragilis (Choisy) A.Meeuse) eenii Rendle = I. magnusiana ochracea (Lindl.) G.Don var. ochracea K PSUB eriocarpa R.Br. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG oenotherae (Vatke) Hallier f. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH � (I. hispida (Vahl) Roem. & Schult.) (Convolvulus oenotherae Vatke) (Jacquemontia thomensis Henriq.) (I. cecilae N.E.Br.) fanshawei Verdc. SRGH � (I. cecilae N.E.Br. var. anomophylla Merxm.) fragilis Choisy = I. obscura var. obscura (I. cecilae N.E.Br. var. quinquesecta Merxm.) fragrans (Choisy) Hallier f. = I. rubens (I. lineariloba Chiov.) fulvicaulis (Hochst. ex Choisy) Boiss. ex Hallier f. (I. pachypus Pilg.) var. fulvicaulis K SRGH (I. petunioides Baker) (Aniseia fulvicaulis Hochst. ex Choisy) ommaneyi Rendle K PRE PSUB SRGH � greenstockii Rendle = I. crassipes otjikangensis Pilg. & Dinter = I. magnusiana hackeliana (Schinz) Hallier f. K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG pachypus Pilg. = I. oenotherae (Aniseia hackeliana Schinz) papilio Hallier f. K hispida (Vahl) Roem. & Schult. = I. eriocarpa pes-tigridis L. var. africana Hallier f. = I. pes-tigridis hochstetteri House K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG var. pes-tigridis (I. kwebensis N.E.Br.) pes-tigridis L. var. pes-tigridis K PRE SRGH (I. quinquefolia Hochst. ex Hallier f.) (I. pes-tigridis L. var. africana Hallier f.) holubii Baker GAB K PRE PSUB � petunioides Baker = I. oenotherae (Turbina holubii (Baker) A.Meeuse) pileata Roxb. PRE PSUB SRGH hystrix Hallier f. = I. welwitschii pilosa (Roxb.) Sweet = I. dichroa inamoena Pilg. = I. welwitschii pinnata Hochst. ex Choisy = Merremia pinnata kentrocaulos C.B.Clarke = Merremia kentrocaulos plebeia R.Br. subsp. africana A.Meeuse GAB K LISC PRE kwebensis N.E.Br. = I. hochstetteri SRGH UCBG lachnosperma Choisy = Astripomoea lachnosperma (I. cynanchifolia Baker & Rendle) lambtoniana Rendle = I. oblongata polygonoides Schweinf. = I. coscinosperma lapathifolia Hallier f. PRE PSUB SRGH praetermissa Rendle = I. bolusiana (I. zambesiaca Baker) pterygocaulos Choisy = Merremia pterygocaulos leucanthemum (Klotzsch) Hallier f. K PRE PSUB quinquefolia Hochst. ex Hallier f. = I. hochstetteri SRGH UCBG quinquefolia Hochst. ex Hallier f. var. pubescens Baker = (Calycanthemum leucanthemum Klotzsch) Merremia verecunda lilacina Blume = I. rubens radicans Choisy = I. tenuipes lineariloba Chiov. = I. oenotherae randii Rendle = I. oblongata lugardii N.E.Br. = I. magnusiana reptans Roem. & Schult. = I. aquatica lugardii N.E.Br. var. parviﬂora Rendle = I. magnusiana rhodesiana Rendle = I. holubii magnusiana Schinz GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG riparia G.Don = I. rubens (I. eenii Rendle) rubens Choisy GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH S (I. lugardii N.E.Br.) (I. baclii Choisy) (I. lugardii N.E.Br. var. parviﬂora Rendle) (I. fragrans (Choisy) Hallier f.) (I. magnusiana Schinz var. eenii (Rendle) A.Meeuse) (I. lilacina Blume)

50 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red CRASSULACEAE)

(I. riparia G.Don) var. angustifolia = Xenostegia tridentata subsp. angustifolia saccata Hallier f. = I. tuberculata tridentata (L.) Hallier f. subsp. angustifolia (Jacq.) van Ooststr. sagittaefolia Hochr. = I. aquatica var. pubescens Rendle GAB K SRGH UCBG sarmentacea Rendle = I. crassipes verecunda Baker & Rendle GAB K PRE SRGH semisecta Merxm. = I. welwitschii ( Ipomoea quinquefolia Hochst. ex Hallier f. var. pubescens Baker) shirambensis Baker GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (Ipomoea verecunda (Rendle) N.E.Br.) simplex Thunb. var. obtusisepala Rendle = I. bolusiana sinensis (Desr.) Choisy subsp. blepharosepala (Hochst. OPERCULINA Silva Manso ex A.Rich.) Verdc. ex A.Meeuse GAB K PRE PSUB kentrocaulos (C.B.Clarke) Hallier f. = Merremia kentrocaulos SRGH UCBG var. pinnatifida (I. blepharosepala Hochst. ex A.Rich.) (I. cardiosepala Hochst. ex Baker & C.H.Wright) SEDDERA Hochst. sinensis (Desr.) Choisy subsp. sinensis BM LISC capensis (E.Mey. ex Choisy) Hallier f. PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Bonamia capensis (E.Mey. ex Choisy) Burtt Davy) (Convolvulus sinensis Desr.) (Breweria capensis (E.Mey. ex Choisy) Baker) tamnifolia L. = Jacquemontia tamnifolia (Evolvulus capensis E.Mey. ex Choisy) tenuipes Verdc. K SRGH suffruticosa (Schinz) Hallier f. var. hirsutissima Hallier f. GAB (Convolvulus heptaphyllus Rottl. & Willd.) K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (I. radicans Choisy) suffruticosa (Schinz) Hallier f. var. suffruticosa K PRE tetraptera Baker = Merremia pterygocaulos PSUB SRGH tuberculata Ker Gawl. K PRE SRGH (Bonamia suffruticosa (Schinz) Burtt Davy) (I. calcarata Rendle) (Breweria suffruticosa Schinz) (I. dasysperma Jacq.) (S. welwitschii Hallier f.) (I. dasysperma Jacq. var. odontosepala (Baker) Verdc.) welwitschii Hallier f. = S. suffruticosa var. suffruticosa (I. saccata Hallier f.) verbascoidea Choisy GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG TURBINA Raf. (I. conceiroi Rendle) holubii (Baker) A.Meeuse = Ipomoea holubii GAB K PRE PSUB � (I. dammarana Rendle) (Ipomoea holubii Baker) verecunda (Rendle) N.E.Br. = Merremia verecunda (Ipomoea rhodesiana Rendle) welwitschii Vatke ex Hallier f. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH � oblongata (E.Mey. ex Choisy) A.Meeuse = Ipomoea holubii GAB (I. aspericaulis Baker) PRE SRGH � (I. hystrix Hallier f.) (Ipomoea atherstonei Baker) (I. inamoena Pilg.) (Ipomoea lambtoniana Rendle) (I. semisecta Merxm.) (Ipomoea oblongata E.Mey. ex Choisy) zambesiaca Baker = I. lapathifolia (Ipomoea randii Rendle) oenotheroides (L.f.) A.Meeuse PRE � JACQUEMONTIA Choisy capitata (Desr.) G.Don = J. tamnifolia XENOSTEGIA D.F.Austin & Staples tamnifolia (L.) Griseb. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH tridentata (L.) D.F.Austin & Staples subsp. angustifolia (Jacq.) (Ipomoea tamnifolia L.) Lejoly & Lisowski GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (J. capitata (Desr.) G.Don) (Ipomoea angustifolia Jacq.) thomensis Henriq. = Ipomoea eriocarpa (Merremia tridentata (L.) Hallier f. subsp. angustifolia (Jacq.) Oostr. var. angustifolia) MERREMIA Dennst. ex Endl. angustifolia (Jacq.) Hallier f. = M. tridentata subsp. angustifolia CRASSULACEAE var. angustifolia kentrocaulos (C.B.Clarke) Rendle GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH COTYLEDON L. (Ipomoea kentrocaulos C.B.Clarke) lanceolata Forssk. = Kalanchoe lanceolata (Operculina kentrocaulos (C.B.Clarke) Hallier f.) palmata Hallier f. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG CRASSULA L. pinnata (Hochst. ex Choisy) Hallier f. GAB K PRE capitella Thunb. subsp. enantiophylla (Baker f.) Toelken = PSUB SRGH C. nodulosa var. nodulosa forma nodulosa (Ipomoea pinnata Hochst. ex Choisy) capitella Thunb. subsp. nodulosa (Schönland) Toelken = pterygocaulos (Choisy) Hallier f. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH C. nodulosa var. nodulosa forma nodulosa (Ipomoea pterygocaulos Choisy) filamentosa Schönland = C. lanceolata subsp. lanceolata (Ipomoea tetraptera Baker) lanceolata (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Endl. ex Walp. subsp. tridentata (L.) Hallier f. subsp. angustifolia (Jacq.) van Ooststr. lanceolata PRE �

51 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana CRASSULACEAE (cont.)

(C. filamentosa Schönland) BLASTANIA Kotschy & Peyr. ( C. schimperi Fisch. & C.A.Mey. var. illecebroides (Welw. cerasiformis (Stocks) A.Meeuse = Ctenolepis cerasiformis ex Hiern) G.D.Rowley) lanceolata (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Endl. ex Walp. subsp. CEPHALANDRA Schrad. ex Eckl. & Zeyh. transvaalensis sessilifolia Sond. = Coccinia sessilifolia (Kuntze) Toelken PRE UCBG � ( C. transvaalensis (Kuntze) K.Schum.) CITRULLUS Eckl. & Zeyh. nodulosa Schönland var. nodulosa forma nodulosa K PRE lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG SRGH UCBG � ( C. vulgaris Eckl. & Zeyh.) ( C. capitella Thunb. subsp. enantiophylla (Baker f.) (Colocynthis citrullus (L.) Kuntze) Toelken) ( Cucumis vulgaris E.H.L.Krause) (C. capitella Thunb. subsp. nodulosa (Schönland) (Momordica lanata Thunb.) Toelken) naudinianus (Sond.) Hook.f. = Acanthosicyos naudinianus rotundifolia Haw. = Kalanchoe rotundifolia vulgaris Eckl. & Zeyh. = C. lanatus schimperi Fisch. & C.A.Mey. var. illecebroides (Welw. ex Hiern) G.D.Rowley = C. lanceolata subsp. lanceolata COCCINIA Wight & Arn. transvaalensis (Kuntze) K.Schum. = C. lanceolata adoensis (A.Rich.) Cogn. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG � subsp. transvaalensis ( C. parvifolia Cogn.) (C. pubescens (Sond.) Eyles) KALANCHOE Adans. (Momordica adoensis A.Rich.) brachyloba Welw. ex Britten GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH � ovifera Dinter & Gilg = C. rehmannii ( K. multiflora Schinz) parvifolia Cogn. = C. adoensis (K. pyramidalis Schönland) pubescens (Sond.) Eyles = C. adoensis glandulosa Hochst. ex Rich. = K. lanceolata rehmannii Cogn. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � glandulosa Hochst. ex Rich. var. tomentosa Keissl. = K. ( C. ovifera Dinter & Gilg) lanceolata (C. rehmannii Cogn. var. littoralis A. Meeuse) gregaria Dinter = K. lanceolata rehmannii Cogn. var. littoralis A. Meeuse = C. rehmannii multiflora Schinz = K. brachyloba schinzii Cogn. = C. sessilifolia lanceolata (Forssk.) Pers. PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � sessilifolia (Sond.) Cogn. COI GAB K SRGH UCBG � ( Cotyledon lanceolata Forssk.) ( Cephalandra sessilifolia Sond.) ( K. glandulosa Hochst. ex Rich.) (C. schinzii Cogn.) (K. glandulosa Hochst. ex Rich. var. tomentosa Keissl.) (K. gregaria Dinter) COLOCYNTHIS Mill. (K. pentheri Schltr.) citrullus (L.) Kuntze = Citrullus lanatus luebbertiana Engl. = K. rotundifolia naudinianus (Sond.) Kuntze = Acanthosicyos naudinianus oblongifolia Harv. = K. paniculata paniculata Harv. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG � CORALLOCARPUS Welw. ex Hook.f. ( K. oblongifolia Harv.) bainesii (Hook.f.) A.Meeuse GAB K PRE SRGH � pentheri Schltr. = K. lanceolata ( C. dinteri Cogn.) pyramidalis Schönland = K. brachyloba ( C. sphaerocarpus Cogn.) rotundifolia (Haw.) Haw. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG � (Rhynchocarpa bainesii Hook.f.) ( Crassula rotundifolia Haw.) dinteri Cogn. = C. bainesii (K. luebbertiana Engl.) gilgianus Cogn. = C. welwitschii (K. rotundifolia (Haw.) Haw. forma tripartita Raym.-Hamet schinzii Cogn. PRE � ex R.Fern.) sphaerocarpus Cogn. = C. bainesii rotundifolia (Haw.) Haw. forma tripartita Raym.-Hamet ex triangularis Cogn. K M PRE PSUB SRGH � R.Fern. = K. rotundifolia welwitschii (Naudin) Hook.f. ex Welw. PRE � thyrsiflora Harv. C GAB K PRE � ( C. gilgianus Cogn.) (Rhynchocarpa welwitschii Naudin) CUCURBITACEAE wildii C.Jeffrey PSUB SRGH �

ACANTHOSICYOS Welw. ex Hook.f. CTENOLEPIS Hook.f. naudinianus (Sond.) C.Jeffrey GAB GRA K PRE PSUB SRGH cerasiformis (Stocks) Hook.f. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG UCBG ( Blastania cerasiformis (Stocks) A.Meeuse) ( Citrullus naudinianus (Sond.) Hook.f.) ( Zehneria cerasiformis Stocks) (Colocynthis naudinianus (Sond.) Kuntze) CUCUMELLA Chiov. (Cucumis naudinianus Sond.) cinerea (Cogn.) C.Jeffrey PRE

52 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red CUCURBITACEAE (cont.)

CUCUMIS L. marlothii Cogn. = Zehneria marlothii africanus L.f. K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (C. hookeri Naudin) MOMORDICA L. africanus L.f. var. zeyheri (Sond.) Burtt Davy = C. zeyheri adoensis A.Rich. = Coccinia adoensis anguria L. var. longaculeatus J.H.Kirkbr. COI GAB K PRE balsamina L. BM GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � PSUB SRGH UCBG (M. involucrata E.Mey. ex Sond.) dissectifolius Naudin = C. myriocarpus subsp. myriocarpus (M. schinzii Cogn.) hirsutus Sond. K PRE SRGH UCBG boivinii Baill. BM SRGH � (C. sonderi Cogn.) cardiospermoides Klotzsch BM K PRE SRGH UCBG � hookeri Naudin = C. africanus (M. clematidea Sond.) kalahariensis A.Meeuse K PRE SRGH � clematidea Sond. = M. cardiospermoides meeusei C.Jeffrey PRE involucrata E.Mey. ex Sond. = M. balsamina merxmuelleri Suess. = C. myriocarpus subsp. myriocarpus kirkii (Hook.f.) C.Jeffrey GAB PRE PSUB SRGH � metuliferus E.Mey. ex Naud. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Raphanocarpus kirkii Hook.f.) myriocarpus Naudin subsp. myriocarpus GAB K PRE lanata Thunb. = Citrullus lanatus SRGH UCBG marlothii Harms = M. repens (C. dissectifolius Naudin) repens Bremek. COI GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG � (C. merxmuelleri Suess.) (M. marlothii Harms) naudinianus Sond. = Acanthosicyos naudinianus schinzii Cogn. = M. balsamina prophetarum L. subsp. zeyheri (Sond.) C.Jeffrey = C. zeyheri quintanilhae R.Fern. & A.Fern. �s MUKIA Arn. sonderi Cogn. = C. hirsutus maderaspatana (L.) M.Roem. Ss vulgaris E.H.L.Krause = Citrullus lanatus zeyheri Sond. PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � OREOSYCE Hook.f. (C. africanus L.f. var. zeyheri (Sond.) Burtt Davy) africana Hook.f. PRE SRGH (C. prophetarum L. subsp. zeyheri (Sond.) C.Jeffrey) (O. subsericea (Hook.f.) A.Meeuse) subsericea (Hook.f.) A.Meeuse = O. africana CUCURBITA L. siceraria Molina = Lagenaria siceraria PISOSPERMA Sond. capense Sond. = Kedrostis capensis KEDROSTIS Medik. capensis (Sond.) A.Meeuse PRE � RAPHANOCARPUS Hook.f. (Pisosperma capense Sond.) kirkii Hook.f. = Momordica kirkii crassirostrata Bremek. GAB PRE UCBG � foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn. K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH � RHYNCHOCARPA Schrad. ex Endl. (Trichosanthes foetidissima Jacq.) bainesii Hook.f. = Corallocarpus bainesii hirtella (Naudin) Cogn. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH � hirtella Naudin = Kedrostis hirtella (K. natalensis (Hook.f.) A.Meeuse) welwitschii Naudin = Corallocarpus welwitschii (Rhynchocarpa hirtella Naudin) nana (Lam.) Cogn. var. nana PRE TRICHOSANTHES L. natalensis (Hook.f.) A.Meeuse = K. hirtella foetidissima Jacq. = Kedrostis foetidissima

LAGENARIA Ser. TROCHOMERIA Hook.f. mascarena Naudin = L. sphaerica debilis (Sond.) Hook.f. BM COI GAB K PRE PSUB siceraria (Molina) Standl. PRE PSUB SRGH SRGH UCBG � (Cucurbita siceraria Molina) (Zehneria debilis Sond.) (L. vulgaris Ser.) (Zehneria wyleana Sond.) sphaerica (Sond.) Naudin GAB PRE PSUB SRGH macrocarpa (Sond.) Hook.f. subsp. macrocarpa GAB PRE (L. mascarena Naudin) SRGH UCBG � (Luffa sphaerica Sond.) (T. nudiflora Burtt Davy) vulgaris Ser. = L. siceraria (Zehneria macrocarpa Sond.) nudiflora Burtt Davy = T. macrocarpa LUFFA Mill. subsp. macrocarpa sphaerica Sond. = Lagenaria sphaerica ZEHNERIA Endl. MELOTHRIA L. debilis Sond. = Trochomeria debilis acutifolia Cogn. = Zehneria marlothii cerasiformis Stocks = Ctenolepis cerasiformis

53 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana CUCURBITACEAE (cont.)

macrocarpa Sond. = Trochomeria macrocarpa (D. curvipes Planch.) subsp. macrocarpa (D. madagascariensis DC. var. major Burtt Davy) marlothii (Cogn.) R.Fern. & A.Fern. BM GAB K LISC PRE (D. ramentacea Burch. ex DC. var. curvipes (Planch.) Sond.) PSUB SRGH UCBG madagascariensis DC. var. major Burtt Davy = (Melothria acutifolia Cogn.) D. madagascariensis (Melothria marlothii Cogn.) ramentacea Burch. ex DC. var. curvipes (Planch.) Sond. = wyleana Sond. = Trochomeria debilis D. madagascariensis

CUSCUTACEAE EBENACEAE (often placed under Convolvulaceae) DIOSPYROS L. CUSCUTA L. batocana Hiern FHO GAB PRE PSUB SRGH australis R.Br. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH � (D. odorata Hiern ex Greves) (C. cordofana (Engelm.) Yunck.) (D. odorata Hiern ex Greves var. rhodesiana Rendle) (C. obtusiflora Kunth var. australis (R.Br.) Engelm.) (D. xanthocarpa Gürke) (C. obtusiflora Kunth var. cordofana Engelm.) chamaethamnus Dinter ex Mildbr. FHO GAB LISC PRE ✹campestris Yunck. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH Ö� PSUB SRGH cordofana (Engelm.) Yunck. = C. australis holtzii Gürke = D. mespiliformis hyalina Roth SRGH kirkii Hiern SRGH obtusiflora Kunth var. australis (R.Br.) Engelm. = C. australis (D. latifolia Gürke) obtusiflora Kunth var. cordofana Engelm. = C. australis (D. platyphylla Wel (cont.)w. ex Hiern) latifolia Gürke = D. kirkii DICHAPETALACEAE lycioides Desf. subsp. guerkei (Kuntze) De Winter SRGH UCBG CHAILLETIA DC. (Royena guerkei Kuntze) cymosa Hook. = Dichapetalum cymosum lycioides Desf. subsp. lycioides FHO GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG DICHAPETALUM Thouars (Royena lycioides (Desf.) A.DC.) bullockii Hauman = D. cymosum lycioides Desf. subsp. nitens (Harv. ex Hiern) De Winter s cymosum (Hook.) Engl. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG lycioides Desf. subsp. sericea (Bernh.) De Winter BM GAB PRE (Chailletia cymosa Hook.) PSUB SRGH UCBG (D. bullockii Hauman) (Royena lycioides (Desf.) A.DC. subsp. sericea (Bernh.) (D. venenatum Engl. & Gilg) De Winter) rhodesicum Sprague & Hutch. PRE SRGH (Royena sericea Bernh.) venenatum Engl. & Gilg = D. cymosum mespiliformis Hochst. ex A.DC. FHO GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG DIPSACACEAE (D. holtzii Gürke) (D. sabiensis Hiern) SCABIOSA L. (D. senegalensis Perr. ex DC.) austro-africana Heine = S. columbaria odorata Hiern ex Greves = D. batocana columbaria L. PRE SRGH UCBG odorata Hiern ex Greves var. rhodesiana Rendle = D. batocana (S. austro-africana Heine) platyphylla Welw. ex Hiern = D. kirkii sabiensis Hiern = D. mespiliformis DIPTEROCARPACEAE senegalensis Perr. ex DC. = D. mespiliformis squarrosa Klotzsch SRGH xanthocarpa Gürke = D. batocana MONOTES A.DC. glaber Sprague BM FHO PRE SRGH EMBELIA Burm.f. oleifolia S.Moore = Euclea divinorum DROSERACEAE EUCLEA Murray ALDROVANDA L. crispa (Thunb.) Gürke subsp. crispa SRGH vesiculosa L. BM K PRE PSUB UCBG S crispa (Thunb.) Gürke subsp. ovata (Burch.) F.White K (E. ovata Burch.) DROSERA L. divinorum Hiern BM FHO GAB K M PRE PSUB curvipes Planch. = D. madagascariensis SRGH UCBG madagascariensis DC. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH S (Embelia oleifolia S.Moore)

54 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red EUPHORBIACEAE

(E. huilensis Gürke) chrysadenia Suess. & Friedrich = A. fruticosa var. fruticosa (E. katangensis De Wild.) ciliata Forssk. C GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH (E. kivuensis Gürke) crenata Hochst. ex A.Rich. K huilensis Gürke = E. divinorum fruticosa Forssk. var. fruticosa PRE katangensis De Wild. = E. divinorum (A. chrysadenia Suess. & Friedrich) kivuensis Gürke = E. divinorum glabrata Thunb. var. glabrata GAB PRE SRGH UCBG multiflora Hiern = E. natalensis subsp. natalensis (A. glabrata Thunb. var. latifolia Müll.Arg.) myrtina Burch. = E. undulata subsp. myrtina glabrata Thunb. var. latifolia Müll.Arg. = A. glabrata var. glabrata natalensis A.DC. subsp. angustifolia F.White GAB K PRE SRGH glabrata Thunb. var. pilosa Pax C GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG UPS WAG natalensis A.DC. subsp. natalensis GAB SRGH UCBG (A. glabrata Thunb. var. pilosior (Kuntze) Prain) (E. multiflora Hiern) glabrata Thunb. var. pilosior (Kuntze) Prain = A. glabrata (Royena macrophylla E.Mey. ex A.DC.) var. pilosa ovata Burch. = E. crispa subsp. ovata indica L. var. indica GAB K MO PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG schimperi (A.DC.) Dandy var. schimperi s moggii Compton = A. ornata undulata Thunb. subsp. myrtina (Burch.) Hiern GAB K PRE ornata Hochst. ex A.Rich. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG SRGH UCBG (E. myrtina Burch.) (A. moggii Compton) petiolaris Hochst. = A. villicaulis ROYENA L. pubiflora Baill. subsp. pubiflora GAB PRE PSUB guerkei Kuntze = Diospyros lycioides subsp. guerkei SRGH UCBG lycioides (Desf.) A.DC. = Diospyros lycioides subsp. lycioides ✹segetalis Müll.Arg. BM GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH lycioides (Desf.) A.DC. subsp. sericea (Bernh.) De Winter = senensis Klotzsch = A. villicaulis Diospyros lycioides subsp. sericea villicaulis Hochst. ex A.Rich. GAB K MO PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG macrophylla E.Mey. ex A.DC. = Euclea natalensis (A. petiolaris Hochst.) subsp. natalensis (A. senensis Klotzsch) sericea Bernh. = Diospyros lycioides subsp. sericea ANTIDESMA L. ELATINACEAE bifrons Tul. = A. venosum boivinianum Baill. = A. venosum BERGIA L. rufescens Tul. SRGH ammannioides B.Heyne ex Roth GAB PRE PSUB SRGH S venosum E.Mey. ex Tul. BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH capensis L. PRE UCBG S (A. bifrons Tul.) decumbens Planch. ex Harv. GAB K PRE SRGH (A. boivinianum Baill.) glutinosa Dinter & Schulze-Menz GAB K SRGH integrifolia Dinter ex Friedr.-Holzh. = B. polyantha BRIDELIA Willd. pentheriana Keissl. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH cathartica Bertol.f. subsp. cathartica PRE (B. prostrata Schinz) cathartica Bertol.f. subsp. melanthesoides (Baill.) J.Léonard polyantha Sond. GAB K PRE SRGH var. lingelsheimii (Gehrm.) Radcl.-Sm. forma fischeri (Pax) (B. integrifolia Dinter ex Friedr.-Holzh.) Radcl.-Sm. GAB K PSUB UCBG prostrata Schinz = B. pentheriana (B. fischeri Pax) salaria Bremek. PRE cathartica Bertol.f. subsp. melanthesoides (Baill.) J.Léonard var. salaria Bremek. Χ B. decumbens Planch. ex Harv. PRE melanthesoides (Baill.) Radcl.-Sm. forma melanthesoides (Baill.) Radcl.-Sm. GAB K PSUB UCBG ELATINE L. (B. melanthesoides (Baill.) Klotzsch.) ambigua Wight PRE (Pentameria melanthesoides Baill.) triandra Schkuhr GAB PSUB S cathartica Bertol.f. subsp. melanthesoides (Baill.) J.Léonard var. lingelsheimii (Gehrm.) Radcl.-Sm. forma niedenzui ERYTHROXYLACEAE (Gehrm.) Radcl.-Sm. GAB UCBG (B. niedenzui Gehrm.) ERYTHROXYLUM P.Browne fischeri Pax = B. cathartica subsp. melanthesoides var. zambesiacum N.Robson GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH lingelsheimii forma fischeri melanthesoides (Baill.) Klotzsch. = B. cathartica subsp. EUPHORBIACEAE melanthesoides var. melanthesoides forma melanthesoides mollis Hutch. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG ACALYPHA L. niedenzui Gehrm. = B. cathartica subsp. melanthesoides var. allenii Hutch. K lingelsheimii forma niedenzui

55 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana EUPHORBIACEAE (cont.)

tenuifolia Müll.Arg. s PSUB SRGH UCBG (C. zambesicus Müll.Arg.) CAPERONIA A.St.-Hil. gratissimus Burch. var. subgratissimus (Prain) Burtt Davy GAB buchananii Baker = C. fistulosa K MO PRE SRGH UCBG fistulosa Beille var. fistulosa K MO PRE SRGH (C. subgratissimus Prain) (C. buchananii Baker) gubouga S.Moore = C. megalobotrys serrata Presl. GAB PSUB S kwebensis N.E.Br. = C. menyharthii leuconeurus Pax subsp. leuconeurus PRE PSUB SRGH CEPHALOCROTON Hochst. megalobotrys Müll.Arg. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB depauperatus Pax & K.Hoffm. = C. mollis SRGH UCBG mollis Klotzsch C GAB K LISC MO PRE PSUB (C. gubouga S.Moore) SRGH UCBG menyharthii Pax GAB K MO PRE SRGH UCBG (C. depauperatus Pax & K.Hoffm.) (C. kwebensis N.E.Br.) (C. pueschelii Pax) pseudopulchellus Pax PRE SRGH pueschelii Pax = C. mollis steenkampianus Gerstner subgratissimus Prain = C. gratissimus var. subgratissimus CHAMAESYCE S.F.Gray (often included in Euphorbia L.) zambesicus Müll.Arg. = C. gratissimus var. gratissimus eylesii (Rendle) Koutnik GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Euphorbia eylesii Rendle) DALECHAMPIA L. glanduligera (Pax) Koutnik K PRE SRGH capensis A.Spreng. PRE UCBG (Euphorbia glanduligera Pax) (D. kirkii Prain) hirta (L.) Millsp. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG galpinii Pax GAB SRGH UCBG (Euphorbia hirta L.) kirkii Prain = D. capensis hypericifolia of authors not of Millsp. = Euphorbia indica inaequilatera (Sond.) Soják GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG ERYTHROCOCCA Benth. (Euphorbia inaequilatera Sond. var. perennis N.E.Br.) menyharthii (Pax) Prain GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Euphorbia sanguinea Hochst. & Steud. ex Boiss.) (Claoxylon menyharthii Pax) mossambicensis (Klotzsch & Garcke) Koutnik GAB PSUB trichogyne (Müll.Arg.) Prain var. trichogyne C GAB K MO PRE SRGH SRGH UCBG WAG (Euphorbia mossambicensis (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.) (Claoxylon trichogyne Müll.Arg.) neopolycnemoides (Pax & K.Hoffm.) Koutnik GAB K PRE SRGH EUPHORBIA L. (Euphorbia neopolycnemoides Pax & K.Hoffm.) aeruginosa Schweick. GAB ✹prostrata (Aiton) Small GAB K PRE SRGH antunesii Pax = Tavaresia barklyi (Euphorbia chamaesyce L.) avasmontana Dinter var. avasmontana s serpens (H.B.K.) Small PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG avasmontana Dinter var. sagittaria (Marloth) White (Euphorbia minutiflora N.E.Br.) Dyer & Sloane s (Euphorbia serpens H.B.K.) baumii Pax = E. monteiri subsp. monteiri tettensis (Klotzsch) Koutnik PSUB SRGH bergii A.C.White R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane GAB � (Euphorbia tettensis Klotzsch) chamaesyce L. = Chamaesyce prostrata ciliolata Pax = E. transvaalensis CICCA L. clavarioides Boiss. var. truncata (N.E.Br.) A.C.White discoidea Baill. = Margaritaria discoidea var. nitida R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane s commiphoroides Dinter = E. guerichiana CLAOXYLON A.Juss. cooperi N.E.Br. ex A.Berger var. cooperi SRGH UCBG � menyharthii Pax = Erythrococca menyharthii crotonoides Boiss. subsp. crotonoides GAB K PRE trichogyne Müll.Arg. = Erythrococca trichogyne var. trichogyne PSUB SRGH � currori N.E.Br. = E. matabelensis CLUTIA L. ✹cyathophora J.Murray SRGH galpinii Pax = C. pulchella var. pulchella davyi N.E.Br. SRGH UCBG � nana Prain PRE duseimata R.A.Dyer GAB K PRE SRGH � pulchella L. var. obtusata Sond. GAB SRGH UCBG espinosa Pax PRE SRGH � pulchella L. var. pulchella GAB PRE SRGH UCBG eylesii Rendle = Chamaesyce eylesii (C. galpinii Pax) frutescens N.E.Br. = E. guerichiana fusca Marloth s CROTON L. galpinii Pax = E. transvaalensis gratissimus Burch. var. gratissimus C GAB FHO K MO PRE geniculata Ortega = E. heterophylla

56 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red EUPHORBIACEAE (cont.)

glanduligera Pax = Chamaesyce glanduligera serpens H.B.K. = Chamaesyce serpens glaucella Pax = E. pfeilii similis A.Berger = E. ingens griseola Pax subsp. griseola GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � spissifolia S.Carter GAB guerichiana Pax K PRE SRGH UCBG � tettensis Klotzsch = Chamaesyce tettensis (E. commiphoroides Dinter) ✹tirucalli L. K PRE PSUB SRGH � (E. frutescens N.E.Br.) (E. media N.E.Br.) ✹heterophylla L. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � (E. media N.E.Br. var. bagshawei N.E.Br.) (E. geniculata Ortega) (E. rhipsaloides N.E.Br.) hirta L. = Chamaesyce hirta (E. scoparia N.E.Br.) hypericifolia N.E.Br. = E. indica transvaalensis Schltr. K PRE PSUB SRGH � inaequilatera Sond. var. perennis N.E.Br. = Chamaesyce inaequilatera (E. ciliolata Pax) ✹indica Lam. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (E. galpinii Pax) (Chamaesyce hypericifolia of authors not of Millsp.) trichadenia Pax var. trichadenia SRGH � (E. hypericifolia N.E.Br.) venteri L.C.Leach ex R.H.Archer & S.Carter (E. indica Lam. var. angustifolia Boiss.) K PRE UNIN ♦� (E. indica Lam. var. pubescens Pax) indica Lam. var. angustifolia Boiss. = E. indica EXCOECARIA L. indica Lam. var. pubescens Pax = E. indica bussei (Pax) Pax GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG inelegans N.E.Br. = E. matabelensis (Sapium bussei Pax) ingens E.Mey. ex Boiss. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH � (E. natalensis A.Berger) FLUEGGEA Willd. (E. similis A.Berger) microcarpa Blume = F. virosa subsp. virosa jaegeriana Pax = E. matabelensis nitida Pax = Margaritaria discoidea var. nitida limpopoana L.C.Leach ex S.Carter GAB SRGH � virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Voigt subsp. virosa GAB J K PRE PSUB (E. malevola L.C.Leach subsp. bechuanica L.C.Leach) SRGH UCBG WIND longibracteata Pax = E. monteiri subsp. monteiri (F. microcarpa Blume) maleolens E.Phillips GAB K SRGH � (Phyllanthus virosus Roxb. ex Willd.) malevola L.C.Leach subsp. bechuanica L.C.Leach = E. limpopoana (Securinega virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Pax & K.Hoffm.) marlothii Pax = E. monteiri subsp. monteiri matabelensis Pax GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH � HYMENOCARDIA Wall. ex. Lindl. (E. currori N.E.Br.) acida Tul. var. acida PRE SRGH (E. inelegans N.E.Br.) (E. jaegeriana Pax) JATROPHA L. media N.E.Br. = E. tirucalli botswanica Radcl.-Sm. GAB K PRE LISC SRGH ♦� media N.E.Br. var. bagshawei N.E.Br. = E. tirucalli brachyadenia Pax & K.Hoffm. = J. zeyheri minutiflora N.E.Br. = Chamaesyce sepens decumbens Pax & K.Hoffm. probably = monteiri Hook.f. subsp. monteiri GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH � J. seineri var. seineri (E. baumii Pax) erythropoda Pax & K.Hoffm. GAB K PRE (E. longibracteata Pax) SRGH UCBG � (E. marlothii Pax) humilis N.E.Br. = J. seineri var. seineri monteiri Hook.f. subsp. ramosa Leach PRE messinica E.A.Bruce = J. spicata mossambicensis (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss. = Chamaesyce schlechteri Pax subsp. setifera (Hutch.) Radcl.-Sm. mossambicensis PRE SRGH � natalensis A.Berger = E. ingens seineri Pax var. seineri K PRE SRGH � neopolycnemoides Pax & K.Hoffm. = Chamaesyce (?J. decumbens Pax & K.Hoffm.) neopolycnemoides (J. humilis N.E.Br.) pfeilii Pax spicata Pax GAB SRGH UCBG � (E. glaucella Pax) (J. messinica E.A.Bruce) pseudoduseimata A.C.White R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane PRE � zeyheri Sond. C GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG WAG � pseudotuberosa Pax GAB PRE UCBG � (J. brachyadenia Pax & K.Hoffm.) rectirama N.E.Br. GAB K PRE SRGH � rhipsaloides N.E.Br. = E. tirucalli MAPROUNEA Aubl. rubriflora N.E.Br. SRGH africana Müll.Arg. PRE SRGH sanguinea Hochst. & Steud. ex Boiss. = Chamaesyce inaequilatera MARGARITARIA L.f. schinzii Pax C GAB K PRE SRGH � discoidea (Baill.) G.L.Webster var. nitida (Pax) Radcl.-Sm. GAB scoparia N.E.Br. = E. tirucalli K MO PRE SRGH UCBG

57 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana EUPHORBIACEAE (cont.)

(Cicca discoidea Baill.) (P. hastata Müll.Arg.) (Flueggea nitida Pax) (Pterococcus africanus (Sond.) Pax & K.Hoffm.) (Phyllanthus flacourtioides Hutch.) PSEUDOLACHNOSTYLIS Pax MICROCOCCA Benth. dekindtii Pax = P. maprouneifolia var. dekindtii mercurialis (L.) Benth. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH maprouneifolia Pax var. dekindtii (Pax) Radcl.-Sm. GAB K (Tragia mercurialis L.) PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (P. dekindtii Pax) MONADENIUM Pax maprouneifolia Pax var. glabra (Pax) Brenan GAB K PRE lugardiae N.E.Br. K PRE SRGH � SRGH UCBG maprouneifolia Pax var. maprouneifolia GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG PENTAMERIA Klotzsch ex Baill. melanthesoides Baill. = Bridelia cathartica subsp. PTEROCOCCUS Hassk. melanthesoides var. melanthesoides forma melanthesoides africanus (Sond.) Pax & K.Hoffm. = Plukenetia africana

PHYLLANTHUS L. RICINODENDRON Müll.Arg. angolensis Müll.Arg. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG rautanenii Schinz = Schinziophyton rautanenii asperulatus Hutch. K burchellii Müll.Arg. = P. parvulus var. garipensis RICINUS L. deflexus Klotzsch = P. pentandrus ✹communis L. GAB K MO PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG Ö flacourtioides Hutch. = Margaritaria discoidea var. nitida ✹fraternus G.L.Webster K LISC SRGH SAPIUM P.Browne (P. niruri L. in part) bussei Pax = Excoecaria bussei genistoides Sond. = P. incurvus gillettianus Brunel ex Radcl.-Sm. K SCHINZIOPHYTON Hutch. ex Radcl.-Sm. gueinzii Müll.Arg. = P. maderaspatensis rautanenii (Schinz) Radcl.-Sm. GAB K LISC MO PRE PSUB incurvus Thunb. E K MO SRGH UCBG (P. genistoides Sond.) (Ricinodendron rautanenii Schinz) (P. multicaulis Müll.Arg.) maderaspatensis L. GAB K MO PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG SECURINEGA Comm. ex Juss. (P. gueinzii Müll.Arg.) virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Pax & K.Hoffm. = Flueggea virosa (P. vaccinioides Klotzsch) subsp. virosa mendesii Brunel ex Radcl.-Sm. K SRGH milanjicus Hutch. = P. omahakensis SPIROSTACHYS Sond. mozambicensis Gand. = P. parvulus var. parvulus africana Sond. C GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG multicaulis Müll.Arg. = P. incurvus myrtaceus Sond. PRE TRAGIA L. niruri L. in part = P. fraternus benthamii Baker K nummulariifolius Poir. GAB PSUB SRGH dioica Sond. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG omahakensis Dinter & Pax B K LISC PRE SRGH (T. schinzii Pax) (P. milanjicus Hutch.) gardneri Prain GAB parvulus Sond. var. garipensis (E.Mey. ex Drége) Radcl.-Sm. mercurialis L. = Micrococca mercurialis GAB PRE okanyua Pax GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (P. burchellii Müll.Arg.) schinzii Pax = T. dioica parvulus Sond. var. parvulus BM K LISC PRE SRGH (P. mozambicensis Gand.) FABACEAE pentandrus Schumach. & Thonn. GAB K MO PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (P. deflexus Klotzsch) ABRUS Adans. (P. scoparius Welw.) precatorius L. subsp. africanus Verdc. GAB PRE SRGH reticulatus Poir. var. reticulatus GAB K MO PRE PSUB (A. squamulosus E.Mey.) SRGH UCBG squamulosus E.Mey. = A. precatorius subsp. africanus scoparius Welw. = P. pentandrus vaccinioides Klotzsch = P. maderaspatensis ACACIA Mill. virosus Roxb. ex Willd. = Flueggea virosa subsp. virosa albida Delile = Faidherbia albida amboensis Schinz = A. sieberiana var. woodii PLUKENETIA L. arabica (Lam.) Willd. var. kraussiana Benth. = A. nilotica africana Sond. PRE subsp. kraussiana

58 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red FABACEAE (cont.)

arenaria Schinz GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG gerrardii Benth. subsp. gerrardii var. gerrardii GAB K PRE (A. hermannii Baker f.) PSUB SRGH UCBG (A. rufobrunnea N.E.Br.) (A. hebecladoides Harms) ataxacantha DC. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG gillettiae Burtt Davy = A. luederitzii var. retinens (A. eriadenia Benth.) giraffae in sense of many authors not of Willd. = A. erioloba (A. lugardiae N.E.Br.) giraffae Willd. var. espinosa Kuntze = A. erioloba benthamii Rochebr. = A. nilotica subsp. kraussiana glandulifera Schinz = A. nebrownii borleae Burtt Davy GAB SRGH UCBG goeringii Schinz = A. luederitzii var. luederitzii burkei Benth. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG grandicornuta Gerstner GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (A. ferox Benth.) haematoxylon Willd. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG caffra (Thunb.) Willd. GAB K PRE UCBG harmsiana Dinter = A. kirkii subsp. kirkii var. kirkii (A. caffra (Thunb.) Willd. var. longa Glover) hebeclada DC. subsp. chobiensis (O.B.Mill.) A.Schreib. GAB K (A. caffra (Thunb.) Willd. var. namaquensis Eckl. & Zeyh.) PRE SRGH UCBG ♦ (A. caffra (Thunb.) Willd. var. tomentosa Glover) (A. stolonifera Burch. var. chobiensis O.B.Mill.) (A. caffra (Thunb.) Willd. var. transvaalensis Glover) hebeclada DC. subsp. hebeclada GAB K PRE PSUB (A. fallax E.Mey.) SRGH UCBG (A. multijuga Meisn.) (A. hebeclada DC. var. stolonifera (Burch.) Dinter) caffra (Thunb.) Willd. var. campylacantha (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) (A. stolonifera Burch.) Roberty = A. polyacantha subsp. campylacantha hebeclada DC. subsp. tristis A.Schreb. ♦ s caffra (Thunb.) Willd. var. longa Glover = A. caffra hebeclada DC. var. stolonifera (Burch.) Dinter = A. hebeclada caffra (Thunb.) Willd. var. namaquensis Eckl. & Zeyh. = A. caffra subsp. hebeclada caffra (Thunb.) Willd. var. pechuelii Kuntze = A. erubescens hebecladoides Harms = A. gerrardii subsp. gerrardii var. gerrardii caffra (Thunb.) Willd. var. tomentosa Glover = A. caffra hereroensis Engl. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG caffra (Thunb.) Willd. var. transvaalensis Glover = A. caffra hermannii Baker f. = A. arenaria campylacantha Hochst. ex A.Rich. = A. polyacantha heteracantha Burch. = A. tortilis subsp. heteracantha subsp. campylacantha hirtella E.Mey. = A. karroo capensis (Burm.f.) Burch. = A. karroo hirtella Willd. var. inermis Walp. = A. karroo catechu (L.f.) Willd. subsp. suma (Roxb.) Roberty = horrida Willd. = A. karroo A. polyacantha subsp. campylacantha horrida Willd. var. transvaalensis Burtt Davy = A. karroo catechu (L.f.) Willd. subsp. suma (Roxb.) Roberty var. baumii inconflagrabilis Gerstner = A. karroo Roberty = A. fleckii inermis Marloth = Albizia anthelmintica cinerea Schinz = A. fleckii karroo Hayne GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG clavigera E.Mey. = A. robusta subsp. clavigera (A. capensis (Burm.f.) Burch.) clavigera E.Mey. subsp. clavigera = A. robusta subsp. clavigera (A. hirtella E.Mey.) davyi N.E.Br. PRE (A. hirtella Willd. var. inermis Walp.) detinens Burch. = A. mellifera subsp. detinens (A. horrida Willd.) dulcis Marloth & Engl. = A. erubescens (A. horrida Willd. var. transvaalensis Burtt Davy) elephantina Burch. = Elephantorrhiza elephantina (A. inconflagrabilis Gerstner) elephantorrhiza DC. = Elephantorrhiza elephantina (A. karroo Hayne var. transvaalensis (Burtt Davy) Burtt Davy) engleri Schinz = Dichrostachys cinerea subsp. africana (Mimosa capensis Burm.f.) var. africana (Mimosa leucacantha Jacq.) eriadenia Benth. = A. ataxacantha karroo Hayne var. transvaalensis (Burtt Davy) Burtt Davy = erioloba E.Mey. BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG A. karroo (A. giraffae in sense of many authors not of Willd.) kirkii Oliv. subsp. kirkii var. intermedia Brenan = A. kirkii subsp. (A. giraffae Willd. var. espinosa Kuntze) kirkii var. kirkii erubescens Welw. ex Oliv. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG kirkii Oliv. subsp. kirkii var. kirkii GAB K PRE PSUB (A. caffra (Thunb.) Willd. var. pechuelii Kuntze) SRGH UCBG (A. dulcis Marloth & Engl.) (A. harmsiana Dinter) (A. kwebensis N.E.Br.) (A. kirkii Oliv. subsp. kirkii var. intermedia Brenan) (A. longipetiolata Schinz) (A. nilotica (L.) Delile subsp. adstringens (Schumach. & fallax E.Mey. = A. caffra Thonn.) Roberty var. kirkii (Oliv.) Roberty) ferox Benth. = A. burkei (A. verrucifera Harms) fleckii Schinz BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG kwebensis N.E.Br. = A. erubescens (A. catechu (L.f.) Willd. subsp. suma (Roxb.) Roberty var. litakunensis Burch. = A. tortilis subsp. heteracantha baumii Roberty) longipetiolata Schinz = A. erubescens (A. cinerea Schinz) luederitzii Engl. var. luederitzii GAB K PRE PSUB galpinii Burtt Davy GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG SRGH UCBG

59 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana FABACEAE (cont.)

(A. goeringii Schinz) sambesiaca Schinz = A. robusta subsp. clavigera luederitzii Engl. var. retinens (Sim) J.H.Ross & Brenan GAB schweinfurthii Brenan & Exell var. schweinfurthii GAB K PRE UCBG LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (A. gillettiae Burtt Davy) senegal (L.) Willd. subsp. trispinosa (Stokes) Roberty = A. senegal (A. retinens Sim) var. rostrata lugardiae N.E.Br. = A. ataxacantha senegal (L.) Willd. var. leiorhachis Brenan GAB PRE lugardii N.E.Br. = A. nigrescens PSUB UCBG maras Engl. = A. tortilis subsp. heteracantha senegal (L.) Willd. var. rostrata Brenan GAB K PRE PSUB marlothii Engl. = Albizia anthelmintica SRGH UCBG mellifera (Vahl) Benth. subsp. detinens (Burch.) Brenan GAB K (A. rostrata Sim) PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (A. senegal (L.) Willd. subsp. trispinosa (Stokes) Roberty) (A. detinens Burch.) (A. spinosa Marloth & Engl.) (A. tenax Marloth) (A. trispinosa Marloth & Engl.) mossambicensis Bolle = Faidherbia albida (A. volkii Suess.) multijuga Meisn. = A. caffra sericocephala Fenzl = Albizia amara subsp. sericocephala nebrownii Burtt Davy GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG sieberiana DC. subsp. vermoesenii (De Wild.) Troupin var. (A. glandulifera Schinz) vermoesenii = A. sieberiana var. woodii (A. rogersii Burtt Davy) sieberiana DC. subsp. vermoesenii (De Wild.) Troupin var. woodii (A. walteri Suess.) (Burtt Davy) Keay & Brenan = A. sieberiana var. woodii nigrescens Oliv. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG sieberiana DC. var. vermoesenii (De Wild.) Keay & Brenan = (A. lugardii N.E.Br.) A. sieberiana var. woodii (A. nigrescens Oliv. var. pallens Benth.) sieberiana DC. var. woodii (Burtt Davy) Keay & Brenan GAB (A. pallens (Benth.) Rolfe) PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (A. passargei Harms) (A. amboensis Schinz) nigrescens Oliv. var. pallens Benth. = A. nigrescens (A. sieberiana DC. subsp. vermoesenii (De Wild.) Troupin nilotica (L.) Delile subsp. adstringens (Schumach. & Thonn.) var. vermoesenii) Roberty var. kirkii (Oliv.) Roberty = A. kirkii subsp. kirkii (A. sieberiana DC. subsp. vermoesenii (De Wild.) Troupin var. var. kirkii woodii (Burtt Davy) Keay & Brenan) nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Delile subsp. kraussiana (Benth.) Brenan (A. sieberiana DC. var. vermoesenii (De Wild.) Keay & Brenan) GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (A. vermoesenii De Wild.) (A. arabica (Lam.) Willd. var. kraussiana Benth.) (A. woodii Burtt Davy) (A. benthamii Rochebr.) spinosa E.Mey. = Dichrostachys cinerea subsp. africana (A. nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Delile var. kraussiana (Benth.) var. africana A.F.Hill) spinosa Marloth & Engl. = A. senegal var. rostrata nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Delile var. kraussiana (Benth.) A.F.Hill = spirocarpa Hochst. ex A.Rich. = A. tortilis subsp. spirocarpa A. nilotica subsp. kraussiana var. spirocarpa pallens (Benth.) Rolfe = A. nigrescens spirocarpoides Engl. = A. tortilis subsp. heteracantha passargei Harms = A. nigrescens stolonifera Burch. = A. hebeclada subsp. hebeclada permixta Burtt Davy SRGH UCBG stolonifera Burch. var. chobiensis O.B.Mill. = A. hebeclada polyacantha Willd. subsp. campylacantha (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) subsp. chobiensis Brenan GAB PRE PSUB SRGH stuhlmannii Taub. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (A. caffra (Thunb.) Willd. var. campylacantha (Hochst. ex UCBG A.Rich.) Roberty) swazica Burtt Davy s (A. campylacantha Hochst. ex A.Rich.) tenax Marloth = A. mellifera subsp. detinens (A. catechu (L.f.) Willd. subsp. suma (Roxb.) Roberty) tenuispina I.Verd. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG reficiens Wawra subsp. reficiens PSUB tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne subsp. heteracantha (Burch.) Brenan rehmanniana Schinz GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG retinens Sim = A. luederitzii var. retinens (A. heteracantha Burch.) robusta Burch. subsp. clavigera (E.Mey.) Brenan GAB K PRE (A. litakunensis Burch.) SRGH UCBG (A. maras Engl.) (A. clavigera E.Mey.) (A. spirocarpoides Engl.) (A. clavigera E.Mey. subsp. clavigera) tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne subsp. spirocarpa (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) (A. sambesiaca Schinz) Brenan var. spirocarpa GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG robusta Burch. subsp. robusta GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG (A. spirocarpa Hochst. ex A.Rich.) rogersii Burtt Davy = A. nebrownii trispinosa Marloth & Engl. = A. senegal var. rostrata rostrata Sim = A. senegal var. rostrata vermoesenii De Wild. = A. sieberiana var. woodii rufobrunnea N.E.Br. = A. arenaria verrucifera Harms = A. kirkii subsp. kirkii var. kirkii

60 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red FABACEAE (cont.)

volkii Suess. = A. senegal var. rostrata rogersii Burtt Davy = A. brevifolia walteri Suess. = A. nebrownii sericocephala Benth. = A. amara subsp. sericocephala woodii Burtt Davy = A. sieberiana var. woodii struthiophylla Milne-Redh. = A. amara subsp. sericocephala xanthophloea Benth. PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG tanganyicensis Baker f. subsp. tanganyicensis GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG ACANTHONOTUS Benth. (A. lebbeck (L.) Benth. var. australis Burtt Davy) echinatus (Willd.) Benth. = Indigofera nummulariifolia (A. rhodesica Burtt Davy) umbalusiana Sim = A. anthelmintica ADENOLOBUS (Harv. ex Benth.) Torre & Hillc. versicolor Welw. ex Oliv. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG garipensis (E.Mey.) Torre & Hillc. PRE (A. mossambicensis Sim)

AESCHYNOMENE L. ALISTILUS N.E.Br. cristata Vatke var. cristata GAB K PRE S bechuanicus N.E.Br. C GAB K PRE UCBG ﬂuitans Peter GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG S (A. schlechteri Baker f.) ALYSICARPUS Desv. ✹indica L. GAB K PRE SRGH S glaber E.Mey. = A. rugosus subsp. perennirufus (A. oligantha Welw. ex Baker) glumaceus (Vahl) DC. subsp. glumaceus var. glumaceus PRE nilotica Taub. GAB K S rugosus (Willd.) DC. subsp. perennirufus J.Léonard oligantha Welw. ex Baker = A. indica GAB PRE schlechteri Baker f. = A. ﬂuitans (A. glaber E.Mey.) (A. violaceus (Forssk.) Schindl.) AFZELIA Sm. (A. wallichii Wight & Arn.) quanzensis Welw. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG rugosus (Willd.) DC. subsp. rugosus GAB K PRE SRGH violaceus (Forssk.) Schindl. = A. rugosus subsp. perennirufus ALBIZIA Durazz. wallichii Wight & Arn. = A. rugosus subsp. perennirufus amara (Roxb.) Boivin subsp. sericocephala (Benth.) Brenan K zeyheri Harv. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Acacia sericocephala Fenzl) AMBLYGONOCARPUS Harms (A. sericocephala Benth.) andongensis (Welw. ex Oliv.) Exell & Torre BM GAB PRE (A. struthiophylla Milne-Redh.) PSUB SRGH (Inga sericocephala A.Rich.) (A. obtusangulus (Welw. ex Oliv.) Harms) anthelmintica (A.Rich.) Brongn. GAB K PRE PSUB (A. schweinfurthii Harms) SRGH UCBG (Tetrapleura andongensis Welw. ex Oliv.) (Acacia inermis Marloth) obtusangulus (Welw. ex Oliv.) Harms = A. andongensis (Acacia marlothii Engl.) schweinfurthii Harms = A. andongensis (A. anthelmintica (A.Rich.) Brongn. var. australis Baker f.) (A. anthelmintica (A.Rich.) Brongn. var. pubescens Burtt Davy) AMPHINOMIA DC. (A. umbalusiana Sim) bainesii (Baker) A.Schreib. = Lotononis bainesii (Besenna anthelmintica A.Rich.) brachyantha (Harms) A.Schreib. = Lotononis brachyantha anthelmintica (A.Rich.) Brongn. var. australis Baker f. = A. anthelmintica ARACHIS L. anthelmintica (A.Rich.) Brongn. var. pubescens Burtt Davy = fruticosa Retz. = Stylosanthes fruticosa A. anthelmintica antunesiana Harms PSUB SRGH ARGYROLOBIUM Eckl. & Zeyh. brevifolia Schinz GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG collinum Eckl. & Zeyh. PRE (A. rogersii Burtt Davy) harveyi E.Fourn. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG BAIKIAEA Benth. (A. hypoleuca Oliv.) plurijuga Harms GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (A. pallida Harv.) (A. parvifolia Burtt Davy) BAPHIA Afzel. ex Lodd. hypoleuca Oliv. = A. harveyi henriquesiana Taub. = B. massaiensis subsp. obovata var. lebbeck (L.) Benth. var. australis Burtt Davy = A. tanganyicensis obovata subsp. tanganyicensis massaiensis Taub. subsp. obovata (Schinz) Brummitt var. mossambicensis Sim = A. versicolor obovata GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG pallida Harv. = A. harveyi (B. henriquesiana Taub.) parvifolia Burtt Davy = A. harveyi (B. obovata Schinz) rhodesica Burtt Davy = A. tanganyicensis subsp. tanganyicensis obovata Schinz = B. massaiensis subsp. obovata var. obovata

61 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana FABACEAE (cont.)

BAUHINIA L. (Hoffmannseggia rubra Engl.) bainesii Schinz = Tylosema esculentum burkeana (Benth.) Harv. = Tylosema esculentum CAESALPINIOIDES Kuntze esculenta Burch. = Tylosema esculentum africanum (Welw. ex Benth.) Kuntze = Erythrophleum africanum macrantha Oliv. = B. petersiana subsp. macrantha petersiana Bolle subsp. macrantha (Oliv.) Brummitt & J.H.Ross CAILLIEA Guill. & Perr. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG dichrostachys Guill. & Perr. = Dichrostachys cinerea subsp. (B. macrantha Oliv.) africana var. africana (B. petersiana Bolle subsp. serpae (Ficalho & Hiern) dichrostachys Guill. & Perr. var. leptostachys (DC.) Guill. & Perr. = Brummitt & J.H.Ross) Dichrostachys cinerea subsp. africana var. africana (B. serpae Ficalho & Hiern) (Pauletia macrantha (Oliv.) A.Schmitz) CAPASSA Klotzsch (Perlebia macrantha (Oliv.) A.Schmitz) violacea Klotzsch = Philenoptera violacea petersiana Bolle subsp. petersiana PRE SRGH petersiana Bolle subsp. serpae (Ficalho & Hiern) Brummitt & CAPNITIS E.Mey. J.H.Ross = B. petersiana subsp. macrantha clandestina E.Mey. = Lotononis platycarpa serpae Ficalho & Hiern = B. petersiana subsp. macrantha CASSIA L. emend. Gaertn. urbaniana Schinz GAB PRE PSUB abbreviata Oliv. subsp. abbreviata PRE (Pauletia urbaniana (Schinz) A.Schmitz) abbreviata Oliv. subsp. beareana (Holmes) Brenan GAB PRE (Perlebia urbaniana (Schinz) A.Schmitz) PSUB SRGH UCBG absus L. = Chamaecrista absus BESENNA A.Rich. arachoides Burch. = Senna italica subsp. arachoides anthelmintica A.Rich. = Albizia anthelmintica biensis (Steyaert) Mendonça & Torre = Chamaecrista biensis capensis Thunb. var. capensis = Chamaecrista capensis BOBGUNNIA J.H.Kirkbr. & Wiersema var. capensis madagascariensis (Desv.) J.H.Kirkbr. & Wiersema PRE PSUB SRGH falcinella Oliv. var. longifolia Ghesq. = Chamaecrista parva (Swartzia madagascariensis Desv.) falcinella Oliv. var. parviflora Steyaert = Chamaecrista falcinella var. parviflora BOLUSANTHUS Harms fenarolii Mendonça & Torre PSUB UCBG speciosus (Bolus) Harms GAB PRE PSUB SRGH italica (Mill.) Lam. ex F.W.Andrews subsp. arachoides (Burch.) UCBG Brenan = Senna italica subsp. arachoides katangensis (Ghesq.) Steyaert var. biensis Steyaert = BOLUSIA Benth. Chamaecrista biensis capensis Benth. GAB PRE kirkii Oliv. var. quarrei Ghesq. = Chamaecrista stricta rhodesiana Corbishley GAB PSUB mimosoides L. var. stricta (E.Mey.) Harv. = Chamaecrista stricta obovata Collad. var. mucronata Burtt Davy = Senna italica BRACHYSTEGIA Benth. subsp. arachoides boehmii Taub. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG obovata Collad. var. pilosa Burtt Davy = Senna italica subsp. (B. filiformis Burtt Davy & Hutch.) arachoides filiformis Burtt Davy & Hutch. = B. boehmii obtusifolia L. = Senna obtusifolia occidentalis L. = Senna occidentalis BRASILETTIA DC. parva Steyaert = Chamaecrista parva africana (Sond.) Kuntze = Peltophorum africanum quarrei (Ghesq.) Steyaert = Chamaecrista stricta ✹spectabilis DC. GAB UCBG BURKEA Benth. stricta (E.Mey.) Steud. = Chamaecrista stricta africana Hook. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (B. africana Hook. var. andongensis Oliv.) CHAMAECRISTA Moench (B. africana Hook. var. cordata Welw. ex Oliv.) absus (L.) Irwin & Barneby GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG africana Hook. var. andongensis Oliv. = B. africana (Cassia absus L.) africana Hook. var. cordata Welw. ex Oliv. = B. africana biensis (Steyaert) Lock GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Cassia biensis (Steyaert) Mendonça & Torre) CAESALPINIA L. (Cassia katangensis (Ghesq.) Steyaert var. biensis Steyaert) ✹gilliesii (Wall. ex Hook.) Benth. PRE capensis (Thunb.) E.Mey. var. capensis PRE melanosticta Spreng. = Hoffmannseggia burchellii subsp. (Cassia capensis Thunb. var. capensis) burchellii falcinella (Oliv.) Lock var. parviflora (Steyaert) Lock GAB PRE rubra (Engl.) Brenan PRE UCBG SRGH UCBG

62 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red FABACEAE (cont.)

(Cassia falcinella Oliv. var. parviflora Steyaert) (C. fleckii Schinz) mimosoides (L.) Greene PRE PSUB SRGH (C. marlothii Engl.) parva (Steyaert) Lock GAB PRE SRGH dinteri Schinz GAB PSUB UCBG (Cassia falcinella Oliv. var. longifolia Ghesq.) distans Benth. subsp. distans PRE UCBG (Cassia parva Steyaert) distans Benth. subsp. mediocris Polhill GAB PRE PSUB stricta E.Mey. GAB PRE SRGH SRGH UCBG (Cassia kirkii Oliv. var. quarrei Ghesq.) eremicola Baker f. subsp. eremicola GAB PRE PSUB (Cassia mimosoides L. var. stricta (E.Mey.) Harv.) (C. spinosa Hochst. ex Benth. var. schlechteri Baker f.) (Cassia quarrei (Ghesq.) Steyaert) flavicarinata Baker f. GAB PRE SRGH (Cassia stricta (E.Mey.) Steud.) (C. cataractarum Baker f.) fleckii Schinz = C. damarensis CHIROCALYX Meisn. geminiflora Dinter ex Baker f. = C. barkae subsp. barkae abyssinicus (Lam. ex DC.) Hochst. = Erythrina abyssinica grantiana Harv. = C. virgulata subsp. grantiana mollissimus Meisn. = Erythrina latissima heidmannii Schinz PRE tomentosus Hochst. = Erythrina abyssinica (C. paucifolia Schinz) hirsutissima Schinz = C. podocarpa CLITORIA L. hispida Schinz = C. steudneri viridiflora Bouton ex Hook. = Macrotyloma axillare var. glabrum incompta N.E.Br. PRE kuibisensis Dinter = C. leubnitziana COLOPHOSPERMUM J.Kirk ex J.Léonard laburnifolia L. subsp. australis (Baker f.) Polhill GAB mopane (J.Kirk ex Benth.) J.Kirk ex J.Léonard GAB PRE PSUB PRE SRGH SRGH UCBG (C. australis (Baker f.) Baker f. ex I.Verd.) (Copaiba mopane (J.Kirk ex Benth.) Kuntze) laburnifolia L. subsp. laburnifolia GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (Copaifera mopane J.Kirk ex Benth.) leubnitziana Schinz PRE (C. kuibisensis Dinter) COLUTEA L. lotoides Benth. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG frutescens L. = Sutherlandia frutescens marlothii Engl. = C. damarensis prostrata Thunb. = Lessertia prostrata mutabilis Schinz = C. podocarpa natalitia Meisn. var. procumbens Baker f. = C. rhodesiae COPAIBA Adans. nubica Benth. = C. sphaerocarpa subsp. sphaerocarpa coleosperma (Benth.) Kuntze = Guibourtia coleosperma nutans Welw. ex Baker = C. sphaerocarpa subsp. sphaerocarpa mopane (J.Kirk ex Benth.) Kuntze = Colophospermum mopane ochroleuca G.Don SRGH orientalis Burtt Davy ex I.Verd. subsp. allenii (I.Verd.) Polhill & COPAIFERA L. A.Schreib. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG coleosperma Benth. = Guibourtia coleosperma (C. allenii I.Verd.) mopane J.Kirk ex Benth. = Colophospermum mopane orientalis Burtt Davy ex I.Verd. subsp. orientalis PRE pallidicaulis Harms PRE PSUB SRGH COPAIVA Jacq. paucifolia Schinz = C. heidmannii coleosperma (Benth.) Britton = Guibourtia coleosperma pilulicarpa Taub. = C. pisicarpa pisicarpa Welw. ex Baker GAB PRE PSUB SRGH CROTALARIA L. (C. pilulicarpa Taub.) allenii I.Verd. = C. orientalis subsp. allenii platysepala Harv. GAB PRE PSUB apiculata Schinz = C. platysepala (C. apiculata Schinz) australis (Baker f.) Baker f. ex I.Verd. = C. laburnifolia podocarpa DC. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG subsp. australis (C. belchii Schinz) barkae Schweinf. subsp. barkae GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (C. hirsutissima Schinz) (C. geminiflora Dinter ex Baker f.) (C. mutabilis Schinz) barnabassii Dinter ex Baker f. SRGH psoraleoides Lam. = Eriosema psoraleoides belchii Schinz = C. podocarpa rhodesiae Baker f. PRE SRGH burkeana Benth. GAB PRE UCBG (C. natalitia Meisn. var. procumbens Baker f.) (C. burkeana Benth. var. sparsipila Harv.) schinzii Baker f. PRE SRGH burkeana Benth. var. sparsipila Harv. = C. burkeana schlechteri Baker f. PRE carinata Steud. ex A.Rich. = C. senegalensis senegalensis (Pers.) Bacle ex DC. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH cataractarum Baker f. = C. flavicarinata (C. carinata Steud. ex A.Rich.) cernua Schinz forma latifolia Schinz = C. sphaerocarpa spartioides DC. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG subsp. sphaerocarpa sphaerocarpa Perr. ex DC. subsp. sphaerocarpa GAB PRE damarensis Engl. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH PSUB SRGH UCBG

63 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana FABACEAE (cont.)

(C. cernua Schinz forma latifolia Schinz) trichostachys DC. = Dichrostachys cinerea subsp. africana (C. nubica Benth.) var. africana (C. nutans Welw. ex Baker) (C. squarrosa Schinz) DESMODIUM Desv. spinosa Hochst. ex Benth. var. schlechteri Baker f. = C. eremicola barbatum (L.) Benth. subsp. dimorphum (Welw. ex Baker) subsp. eremicola J.R.Laundon = D. barbatum var. dimorphum squarrosa Schinz = C. sphaerocarpa subsp. sphaerocarpa barbatum (L.) Benth. var. dimorphum (Welw. ex Baker) Schub. steudneri Schweinf. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (C. hispida Schinz) (D. barbatum (L.) Benth. subsp. dimorphum (Welw. ex Baker) (C. tanganyikensis Baker f.) J.R.Laundon) tanganyikensis Baker f. = C. steudneri (D. dimorphum Welw. ex Baker) virgulata Klotzsch subsp. grantiana (Harv.) Polhill GAB PRE (Nicolsonia barbata (L.) DC. var. dimorpha (Welw. ex Baker) SRGH Schindl.) (C. grantiana Harv.) dimorphum Welw. ex Baker = D. barbatum virgulata Klotzsch subsp. virgulata PRE var. dimorphum grande E.Mey. = D. salicifolium var. salicifolium CULLEN Medik. paleaceum Guill. & Perr. = D. salicifolium var. salicifolium obtusifolia (DC.) C.H.Stirt. = C. tomentosum salicifolium (Poir.) DC. var. salicifolium K LISC PRE tomentosum (Thunb.) J.W.Grimes K PRE PSUB PSUB SRGH S SRGH UCBG (D. grande E.Mey.) (C. obtusifolia (DC.) C.H.Stirt.) (D. paleaceum Guill. & Perr.) (Trigonella tomentosa Thunb.) (Hedysarum salicifolium Poir.)

CYAMOPSIS DC. DIALIUM L. dentata (N.E.Br.) Torre GAB PSUB SRGH englerianum Henriq. GAB PRE senegalensis Guill. & Perr. PRE PSUB SRGH serrata Schinz GAB PRE PSUB (D. simii E.Phillips) (Indigofera psammotropha Bolus) simii E.Phillips = D. englerianum

CYTISUS Desf. DICHILUS DC. sericeus Willd. = Mundulea sericea candicans E.Mey. = Melolobium candicans microphyllus E.Mey. = Melolobium microphyllum DALBERGIA L.f. melanoxylon Guill. & Perr. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG DICHROSTACHYS (A.DC.) Wight & Arn. nelsii Schinz = Philenoptera nelsii subsp. nelsii caﬀra Meisn. ex Benth. = D. cinerea subsp. africana var. africana rotundifolia Sond. = Pterocarpus rotundifolius subsp. cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn. subsp. africana Brenan & Brummitt rotundifolius var. africana GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ✹sissoo Roxb. ex DC. PRE (Acacia engleri Schinz) (Acacia spinosa E.Mey.) DECORSEA R.Vig. (Cailliea dichrostachys Guill. & Perr.) schlechteri (Harms) Verdc. K PRE SRGH UCBG (Cailliea dichrostachys Guill. & Perr. var. leptostachys (Dolichos schlechteri Harms ex Burtt Davy) (DC.)Guill. & Perr.) (Phaseolus schlechteri Harms) (D. caﬀra Meisn. ex Benth.) (D. lugardiae N.E.Br.) DEGUELIA Aubl. (D. nutans (Pers.) Benth.) stuhlmannii Taub. = Xeroderris stuhlmannii (Desmanthus leptostachys DC.) (Desmanthus nutans (Pers.) DC.) DERRIS Lour. (Desmanthus trichostachys DC.) stuhlmannii (Taub.) Harms = Xeroderris stuhlmannii cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn. subsp. africana Brenan & Brummitt violacea (Klotzsch) Harms = Philenoptera capassa var. pubescens Brenan & Brummitt s cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn. subsp. africana Brenan & Brummitt DESMANTHUS Willd. var. setulosa (Welw. ex Oliv.) Brenan & Brummitt K PRE leptostachys DC. = Dichrostachys cinerea subsp. africana cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn. subsp. argillicola Brenan & var. africana Brummitt var. hirtipes Brenan & Brummitt s nutans (Pers.) DC. = Dichrostachys cinerea subsp. africana cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn. subsp. nyassana (Taub.) var. africana Brenan PRE stolonifer DC. = Neptunia oleracea lugardiae N.E.Br. = D. cinerea subsp. africana var. africana

64 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red FABACEAE (cont.)

nutans (Pers.) Benth. = D. cinerea subsp. africana var. africana pseudopachyrhizus Harms var. kilimandschari Harms = Neorautanenia mitis DIPHACA Lour. pseudopachyrhizus Harms var. subintegrifolius Harms = trichocarpa Taub. = Ormocarpum trichocarpum Neorautanenia mitis repens L. = Vigna luteola DOLICHOLUS Medik. schlechteri Harms ex Burtt Davy = Decorsea schlechteri minimus (L.) Hiern = Rhynchosia minima var. minima seineri Harms = Neorautanenia brachypus venulosus Hiern = Rhynchosia totta var. fenchelii sinensis L. = Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata stolzii Harms = D. kilimandscharicus subsp. kilimandscharicus DOLICHOS L. var. kilimandscharicus axillaris E.Mey. = Macrotyloma axillare var. axillare swynnertonii Baker f. = D. kilimandscharicus subsp. axillaris E.Mey. var. glaber E. Mey. = Macrotyloma axillare kilimandscharicus var. kilimandscharicus var. glabrum unguiculatus L. = Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata bellus Harms = D. kilimandscharicus subsp. kilimandscharicus venulosus Hiern = Rhynchosia totta var. fenchelii var. kilimandscharicus brachypus Harms = Neorautanenia amboensis ELEPHANTORRHIZA Benth. buchananii Harms = D. kilimandscharicus subsp. burchellii Benth. = E. elephantina kilimandscharicus var. kilimandscharicus burkei Benth. COI GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG daltonii Webb = Macrotyloma daltonii (E. elephantina (Burch.) Skeels var. burkei (Benth.) Merr.) dillonii Delile = Vigna oblongifolia var. oblongifolia dinteri E.Phillips = E. elephantina emarginata P.Beauv. = Vigna luteola elephantina (Burch.) Skeels COI GAB K PRE PSUB ficifolius (Benth.) Harms = Neorautanenia ficifolius SRGH UCBG gardneri Baker f. = Vigna monophylla (Acacia elephantina Burch.) goetzei Harms = D. kilimandscharicus subsp. kilimandscharicus (Acacia elephantorrhiza DC.) var. kilimandscharicus (E. burchellii Benth.) hastifolius Schnizl. = Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata (E. dinteri E.Phillips) var. spontanea (Prosopis elephantina (Burch.) E.Mey.) helicopus (E.Mey.) Steud. = Vigna luteola (Prosopis elephantorrhiza (DC.) Spreng.) junodii (Harms) Verdc. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG elephantina (Burch.) Skeels var. burkei (Benth.) Merr. = E. burkei (Nesphostylis junodii (Harms) Munyembenyembe & Bisby) goetzei (Harms) Harms subsp. goetzei GAB K PRE (Vigna junodii Harms) PSUB SRGH kilimandscharicus Taub. subsp. kilimandscharicus var. (E. rubescens Gibbs) kilimandscharicus K (Piptadenia goetzei Harms) (D. bellus Harms) rubescens Gibbs = E. goetzei subsp. goetzei (D. buchananii Harms) (D. goetzei Harms) EMINIA Taub. (D. lupiniflorus N.E.Br.) holubii (Hemsl.) Taub. G K (D. lupinoides Baker) (E. noldeana Harms) (D. malosanus Baker) (E. polyadenia Hauman) (D. stolzii Harms) (E. polyadenia Hauman var. intermedia Hauman) (D. swynnertonii Baker f.) (Rhynchosia holubii Hemsl.) (Tephrosia sericea Baker) noldeana Harms = E. holubii lupiniflorus N.E.Br. = D. kilimandscharicus subsp. polyadenia Hauman = E. holubii kilimandscharicus var. kilimandscharicus polyadenia Hauman var. intermedia Hauman = E. holubii lupinoides Baker = D. kilimandscharicus subsp. kilimandscharicus var. kilimandscharicus ENTADA Adans. luteolus Jacq. = Vigna luteola arenaria Schinz GAB PRE PSUB luteus Sw. = Vigna luteola malosanus Baker = D. kilimandscharicus subsp. ERIOSEMA (DC.) G.Don kilimandscharicus var. kilimandscharicus andongense Hiern ex Baker f. = E. pauciflorum var. pauciflorum minimus L. = Rhynchosia minima var. minima burkei Benth. var. burkei SRGH UCBG mitis A.Rich. = Neorautanenia mitis cajanoides (Guill. & Perr.) Hook f. = E. psoraleoides niloticus Delile = Vigna luteola floribundum Klotzsch = E. psoraleoides obliquifolius Schnizl. = Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata incanum Klotzsch = E. psoraleoides var. spontanea macrophyllum Klotzsch = E. psoraleoides orbicularis (Welw. ex Baker) Baker f. = Neorautanenia mitis oblongum Harv. = E. pauciflorum var. pauciflorum pseudopachyrhizus Harms = Neorautanenia mitis pauciflorum Klotzsch var. pauciflorum K PRE PSUB SRGH

65 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana FABACEAE (cont.)

(E. andongense Hiern ex Baker f.) suberifera Welw. ex Baker = E. abyssinica (E. oblongum Harv.) tomentosa R.Br. ex A.Rich. = E. abyssinica proschii Briq. = E. psoraleoides tomentosa R.Br. ex A.Rich. var. longicauda Baker f. = psoraleoides (Lam.) G.Don GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG E. abyssinica (Crotalaria psoraleoides Lam.) warneckei Baker f. = E. abyssinica (E. cajanoides (Guill. & Perr.) Hook f.) (E. floribundum Klotzsch) ERYTHROPHLEUM Afzel. ex G.Don (E. incanum Klotzsch) africanum (Welw. ex Benth.) Harms GAB PRE PSUB (E. macrophyllum Klotzsch) (Caesalpinioides africanum (Welw. ex Benth.) Kuntze) (E. proschii Briq.) (E. africanum (Welw. ex Benth.) Harms (E. psoraleoides (Lam.) G.Don var. cajanoides (Guill. & Perr.) var. stenocarpum Harms) Staner & De Crane) (E. pubistamineum Henn.) (E. psoraleoides (Lam.) G.Don var. grandiflorum Staner & (E. pubistamineum Henn. var. parvifolium Schinz) De Crane) (Gleditsia africana Welw. ex Benth.) (Rhynchosia cajanoides Guill. & Perr.) africanum (Welw. ex Benth.) Harms var. stenocarpum Harms = psoraleoides (Lam.) G.Don var. cajanoides (Guill. & Perr.) Staner E. africanum & De Crane = E. psoraleoides pubistamineum Henn. = E. africanum psoraleoides (Lam.) G.Don var. grandiflorum Staner & De Crane pubistamineum Henn. var. parvifolium Schinz = E. africanum = E. psoraleoides FAGELIA Neck. ex DC. ERYTHRINA L. resinosa A.Rich. = Rhynchosia resinosa ✹abyssinica Lam. ex DC. PRE SRGH (Chirocalyx abyssinicus (Lam. ex DC.) Hochst.) FAIDHERBIA A.Chev. (Chirocalyx tomentosus Hochst.) albida (Delile) A.Chev. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (E. abyssinica Lam. ex DC. subsp. suberifera (Welw. ex (Acacia albida Delile) Baker) Verdc.) (Acacia mossambicensis Bolle) (E. bequaertii De Wild.) (E. eggelingii Baker f.) GALACTIA P.Browne (E. huillensis Welw. ex Baker) lugardii N.E.Br. = Neorautanenia brachypus (E. kaessneri Baker f.) (E. mossambicensis Sim) GLEDITSIA L. (E. pelligera Fenzl) africana Welw. ex Benth. = Erythrophleum africanum (E. platyphylla Baker f.) (E. suberifera Welw. ex Baker) GLYCINE Willd. (E. tomentosa R.Br. ex A.Rich.) albidiflora De Wild. = Neonotonia wightii subsp. wightii (E. tomentosa R.Br. ex A.Rich. var. longicauda Baker f.) var. longicauda (E. warneckei Baker f.) claessensii De Wild. = Neonotonia wightii subsp. wightii abyssinica Lam. ex DC. subsp. suberifera (Welw. ex Baker) Verdc. var. longicauda = E. abyssinica javanica L. subsp. javanica = Neonotonia wightii subsp. wightii baumii Harms PSUB SRGH var. longicauda bequaertii De Wild. = E. abyssinica javanica L. subsp. micrantha (Hochst. & A.Rich.) F.J.Herm. = caffra Thunb. var. mossambicensis Baker f. = E. lysistemon Neonotonia wightii subsp. wightii var. longicauda eggelingii Baker f. = E. abyssinica javanica L. subsp. micrantha (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) F.J.Herm. var. gibbsiae Baker f. = E. latissima longicauda (Schweinf.) F.J.Herm. = Neonotonia wightii huillensis Welw. ex Baker = E. abyssinica subsp. kaessneri Baker f. = E. abyssinica wightii var. longicauda latissima E.Mey. FHO K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG javanica L. subsp. micrantha (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) F.J.Herm. var. (Chirocalyx mollissimus Meisn.) moliniformis (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) F.J.Herm. = Neonotonia (E. gibbsiae Baker f.) wightii subsp. wightii var. longicauda (E. sandersonii Harv.) javanica L. var. claessensii (De Wild.) Hauman = Neonotonia lysistemon Hutch. PRE SRGH UCBG wightii subsp. wightii var. longicauda (E. caffra Thunb. var. mossambicensis Baker f.) javanica L. var. longicauda (Schweinf.) Baker = Neonotonia mendesii Torre GAB PRE wightii subsp. wightii var. longicauda mossambicensis Sim = E. abyssinica longicauda Schweinf. = Neonotonia wightii subsp. wightii pelligera Fenzl = E. abyssinica var. longicauda platyphylla Baker f. = E. abyssinica micrantha Hochst. ex A.Rich. = Neonotonia wightii subsp. sandersonii Harv. = E. latissima wightii var. longicauda

66 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red FABACEAE (cont.)

moniliformis Hochst. ex A.Rich. = Neonotonia wightii subsp. INDIGOFERA L. wightii var. longicauda adenoides Baker f. PRE sublobata Schumach. = Rhynchosia sublobata aeruginis Schweinf. = I. trigonelloides totta Thunb. = Rhynchosia totta var. totta affinis Harv. = Indigastrum costatum subsp. theuschii wightii (Wight & Arn.) Verdc. subsp. wightii var. longicauda alternans DC. var. alternans GAB PRE SRGH (Schweinf.) Verdc. = Neonotonia wightii subsp. wightii (I. effusa E.Mey.) var. longicauda arenophila Schinz PRE astragalina DC. GAB PRE SRGH GUIBOURTIA Benn. bainesii Baker GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG coleosperma (Benth.) J.Léonard GAB PRE PSUB burkeana Benth. ex Harv. PRE SRGH UCBG carinata De Wild. = I. trita subsp. subulata (Copaiba coleosperma (Benth.) Kuntze) cecilii N.E.Br. SRGH (Copaifera coleosperma Benth.) charlieriana Schinz var. charlieriana GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (Copaiva coleosperma (Benth.) Britton) charlieriana Schinz var. lata J.B.Gillett GAB PRE UCBG charlieriana Schinz var. scaberrima (Schinz) J.B.Gillett HAYDONIA R.Wilczek GAB UCBG monophylla (Taub.) R.Wilczek = Vigna monophylla (I. charlieriana Schinz var. sessilis (Chiov.) J.B.Gillett) (I. relaxata N.E.Br.) HEDYSARUM L. (I. scaberrima Schinz) nummulariifolium L. = Indigofera nummulariifolia charlieriana Schinz var. sessilis (Chiov.) J.B.Gillett = salicifolium Poir. = Desmodium salicifolium var. salicifolium I. charlieriana var. scaberrima circinnata Benth. ex Harv. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG HOFFMANNSEGGIA Cav. colutea (Burm.f.) Merr. var. colutea GAB PRE PSUB SRGH burchellii (DC.) Benth. ex Oliv. subsp. burchellii GAB comosa N.E.Br. PRE PRE UCBG (I. malacostachys Benth. ex Harv. var. seminuda N.E.Br.) (Caesalpinia melanosticta Spreng.) costata Guill. & Perr. subsp. macra (E.Mey.) Gillet = (H. rubro-violacea Baker f.) Indigastrum costatum subsp. macrum (Melanosticta burchellii DC.) costata Guill. & Perr. subsp. theuschii (O.Hoffm.) J.B.Gillett = burchellii (DC.) Benth. ex Oliv. subsp. rubro-violacea Indigastrum costatum subsp. theuschii (Baker f.) cryptantha Benth. ex Harv. var. cryptantha GAB PRE Brummitt & J.H.Ross PRE SRGH UCBG lactea (Schinz) Schinz PRE daleoides Benth. ex Harv. var. daleoides GAB PRE PSUB (H. pearsonii E.Phillips) SRGH UCBG (H. sandersonii (Harv.) Engl. var. lactea Schinz) (I. dodecaphylla Ficalho & Hiern) pearsonii E.Phillips = H. lactea daleoides Benth. ex Harv. var. gossweileri Baker f. PRE rubra Engl. = Caesalpinia rubra deflexa Hochst. ex A.Rich. = Indigastrum parviflorum subsp. rubro-violacea Baker f. = H. burchellii subsp. rubro-violacea parviflorum var. parviflorum sandersonii (Harv.) Engl. var. lactea Schinz = H. lactea dimorphophylla Schinz = I. trita subsp. subulata divaricata De Wild. = I. vicioides var. vicioides INDIGASTRUM Jaub. & Spach dodecaphylla Ficalho & Hiern = I. daleoides var. daleoides costatum (Guill. & Perr.) Schrire subsp. macrum (E.Mey.) echinata Willd. = I. nummulariifolia Schrire PRE effusa E.Mey. = I. alternans var. alternans ( Indigofera costata Guill. & Perr. subsp. macra (E.Mey.) filipes Benth. ex Harv. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG J.B.Gillett) flavicans Baker GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Indigofera macra E.Mey.) ferruginea Schumach. & Thonn. = I. hirsuta var. hirsuta costata Guill. & Perr. = Indigofera costatum subsp. macra fusca G.Don = I. hirsuta var. hirsuta costatum (Guill. & Perr.) Schrire subsp. theuschii gairdnerae Hutch. ex Baker f. GAB PRE PSUB (O.Hoffm.) Schrire gonioides Hochst. ex Baker var. damarensis Baker f. = ( Indigofera affinis Harv.) Indigastrum ( Indigofera burkeana in sense of J.B.Gillett in part) costatum subsp. theuschii (Indigofera costata Guill. & Perr. subsp. theuschii (O.Hoffm.) heterotricha DC. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG J.B.Gillett) (I. rudis N.E.Br.) (Indigofera gonioides Hochst. ex Baker var. damarensis Baker f.) hirsuta L. var. hirsuta PRE PSUB SRGH parviflorum (B.Heyne ex Wight & Arn.) Schrire subsp. (I. ferruginea Schumach. & Thonn.) parviflorum var. parviflorum GAB PRE SRGH UCBG (I. fusca G.Don) ( Indigofera deflexa Hochst. ex A.Rich.) hochstetteri Baker subsp. streyana (Merxm.) A.Schreib. PRE ( Indigofera parviflora B.Heyne ex Wight & Arn. var. parviflora) hofmanniana Schinz PRE

67 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana FABACEAE (cont.)

holubii N.E.Br. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG (I. subincana N.E.Br.) ingrata N.E.Br. PRE (I. subulata Vahl ex Poir.) inhambanensis Klotzsch SRGH (I. tetragonoloba E.Mey.) (I. polycarpa Benth. ex Harv.) (I. trita L.f. subsp. subulata (Vahl ex Poir.) Ali var. subulata) malacostachys Benth. ex Harv. = I. melanadenia trita L.f. subsp. subulata (Vahl ex Poir.) Ali var. subulata = I. trita malacostachys Benth. ex Harv. var. macrura Conrath ex Baker f. = subsp. subulata I. melanadenia vicioides Jaub. & Spach var. rogersii (R.E.Fr.) J.B.Gillett PRE malacostachys Benth. ex Harv. var. seminuda N.E.Br. = I. comosa vicioides Jaub. & Spach var. vicioides GAB PRE PSUB melanadenia Benth. ex Harv. PRE SRGH UCBG SRGH UCBG (I. malacostachys Benth. ex Harv.) (I. divaricata De Wild.) (I. malacostachys Benth. ex Harv. var. macrura Conrath (I. semlikiensis Robyns & Boutique) ex Baker f.) (I. tenuicaulis Klotzsch) mollicoma N.E.Br. PRE SRGH (I. transvaalensis Baker f.) (I. nelsonii N.E.Br.) moniliformis Baker f. = I. ormocarpoides INGA Mill. nelsonii N.E.Br. = I. mollicoma sericocephala A.Rich. = Albizia amara subsp. sericocephala nummulariifolia Livera ex Alston GAB PRE SRGH (Acanthonotus echinatus (Willd.) Benth.) JULBERNARDIA Pellegr. (Hedysarum nummulariifolium L.) globiflora (Benth.) Troupin GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (I. echinata Willd.) ormocarpoides Baker SRGH LABLAB Adans. (I. moniliformis Baker f.) ✹purpureus (L.) Sweet subsp. purpureus PRE (I. torulosa Baker) purpureus (L.) Sweet subsp. uncinatus Verdc. var. oxytropis Benth. ex Harv. GAB PRE SRGH rhomboideus parviflora B.Heyne ex Wight & Arn. var. parviflora = (Schinz) Verdc. K Indigastrum parviflorum subsp. parviflorum var. parviflorum polycarpa Benth. ex Harv. = I. inhambanensis LEOBORDEA Delile praticola Baker f. GAB PRE SRGH abyssinica Hochst. ex A.Rich. = Lotononis platycarpa psammotropha Bolus = Cyamopsis serrata platycarpa Viv. = Lotononis platycarpa radicifera Cronquist SRGH relaxata N.E.Br. = I. charlieriana var. scaberrima LESSERTIA DC. rhytidocarpa Benth. ex Harv. subsp. rhytidocarpa GAB PRE benguellensis Baker f. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG PSUB SRGH UCBG (L. emarginata Schinz) rudis N.E.Br. = I. heterotricha (L. emarginata Schinz var. angustifolia A.Schreib.) scaberrima Schinz = I. charlieriana var. scaberrima emarginata Schinz = L. benguellensis schimperi Jaub. & Spach var. schimperi GAB PRE PSUB emarginata Schinz var. angustifolia A.Schreib. = SRGH UCBG L. benguellensis (I. tettensis Klotzsch) falciformis DC. GAB PRE SRGH semlikiensis Robyns & Boutique = I. vicioides var. vicioides macrostachya DC. var. macrostachya PRE UCBG sessilifolia DC. PRE pauciflora Harv. var. pauciflora PRE sordida Benth. ex Harv. PRE UCBG prostrata DC. PRE subincana N.E.Br. = I. trita subsp. subulata (Colutea prostrata Thunb.) subulata Vahl ex Poir. = I. trita subsp. subulata suffruticosa Mill. GAB PSUB SRGH LIEBRECHTSIA De Wild. tenuicaulis Klotzsch = I. vicioides var. vicioides esculenta De Wild. = Vigna frutescens subsp. frutescens tetragonoloba E.Mey. = I. trita subsp. subulata var. frutescens tettensis Klotzsch = I. schimperi var. schimperi katangensis De Wild. = Vigna frutescens subsp. frutescens tinctoria L. var. arcuata J.B.Gillett GAB PRE SRGH UCBG var. buchneri torulosa Baker = I. ormocarpoides scabra De Wild. = Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata transvaalensis Baker f. = I. vicioides var. vicioides var. spontanea trigonelloides Jaub. & Spach GAB PRE SRGH schweinfurthii De Wild. = Vigna frutescens subsp. frutescens (I. aeruginis Schweinf.) var. buchneri trita L.f. subsp. scabra (Roth) de Kort & G.Thijsse PRE spartioides (Taub.) De Wild. = Vigna frutescens subsp. frutescens trita L.f. subsp. subulata (Vahl ex Poir.) Ali GAB PRE PSUB var. buchneri SRGH UCBG (I. carinata De Wild.) LISTIA E.Mey. (I. dimorphophylla Schinz) heterophylla E.Mey. = Lotononis listii

68 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red FABACEAE (cont.)

LONCHOCARPUS Kunth (M. aschersoniana Urb.) capassa Rolfe = Philenoptera violacea (M. polymorpha L. var. laciniata L.) nelsii (Schinz) Schinz ex Heering & Grimme subsp. nelsii = polymorpha L. var. laciniata L. = M. laciniata var. laciniata Philenoptera nelsii subsp. nelsii ✹sativa L. subsp. sativa GAB

LOTONONIS (DC.) Eckl. & Zeyh. MELANOSTICTA DC. bainesii Baker PRE burchellii DC. = Hoffmannseggia burchellii subsp. burchellii (Amphinomia bainesii (Baker) A.Schreib.) barberae Dummer = L. marlothii MELOLOBIUM Eckl. & Zeyh. brachyantha Harms PRE adenodes Eckl. & Zeyh. PRE (Amphinomia brachyantha (Harms) A.Schreib.) calycinum Benth. PRE clandestina (E.Mey.) Benth. = L. platycarpa candicans (E.Mey.) Eckl. & Zeyh. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG clandestina (E.Mey.) Benth. var. steingroeveriana Schinz = (Dichilus candicans E.Mey.) L. platycarpa macrocalyx Dummer var. macrocalyx PRE UCBG curtii Harms PRE microphyllum (L.f.) Eckl. & Zeyh. GAB PRE dinteri Schinz = L. platycarpa (Dichilus microphyllus E.Mey.) galpinii Dummer PRE obcordatum Harv. PRE listii Polhill GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Listia heterophylla E.Mey.) MIMOSA L. listoides Dinter & Harms = L. marlothii asperata L. = M. pigra marlothii Engl. PRE capensis Burm.f. = Acacia karroo (L. barberae Dummer) leucacantha Jacq. = Acacia karroo (L. listoides Dinter & Harms) natans L.f. = Neptunia oleracea platycarpa (Viv.) Pic.Serm. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG pigra L. K PRE ÖS (Capnitis clandestina E.Mey.) (M. asperata L.) (Leobordea abyssinica Hochst. ex A.Rich.) prostrata Lam. = Neptunia oleracea (Leobordea platycarpa Viv.) (L. clandestina (E.Mey.) Benth.) MUNDULEA (DC.) Benth. (L. clandestina (E.Mey.) Benth. var. steingroeveriana Schinz) sericea (Willd.) A.Chev. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (L. dinteri Schinz) (Cytisus sericeus Willd.) (L. platycarpa (Viv.) Pic.Serm. var. abyssinica (Hochst. ex (M. suberosa (DC.) Benth.) A.Rich.) Pic.Serm.) (Tephrosia suberosa DC.) (L. porrecta (E.Mey.) Benth.) suberosa (DC.) Benth. = M. sericea (L. steingroeveriana (Schinz) Dummer) platycarpa (Viv.) Pic.Serm. var. abyssinica (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) NEONOTONIA J.A.Lackey Pic.Serm. = L. platycarpa wightii (Wight & Arn.) Lackey subsp. wightii var. longicauda polycephala Benth. GAB (Schweinf.) J.A.Lackey GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH porrecta (E.Mey.) Benth. = L. platycarpa (Glycine albidiflora De Wild.) schoenfelderi (Dinter ex Merxm. & A.Schreib.) A.Schreib. PRE (Glycine claessensii De Wild.) sericophylla Benth. PRE (Glycine javanica L. subsp. javanica) steingroeveriana (Schinz) Dummer = L. platycarpa (Glycine javanica L. subsp. micrantha (Hochst. & A.Rich.) F.J.Herm.) MACROTYLOMA (Wight & Arn.) Verdc. (Glycine javanica L. subsp. micrantha (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) axillare (E.Mey.) Verdc. var. axillare GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH F.J.Herm. var. longicauda (Schweinf.) F.J.Herm.) (Clitoria viridiflora Bouton ex Hook.) (Glycine javanica L. subsp. micrantha (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) (Dolichos axillaris E.Mey.) F.J.Herm. var. moliniformis (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) F.J.Herm.) (Dolichos axillaris E.Mey. var. glaber E. Mey.) (Glycine javanica L. var. claessensii (De Wild.) Hauman) axillare (E.Mey.) Verdc. var. glabrum (E.Mey.) Verdc. GAB (Glycine javanica L. var. longicauda (Schweinf.) Baker) PSUB SRGH (Glycine longicauda Schweinf.) daltonii (Webb) Verdc. BM PRE PSUB SRGH (Glycine micrantha Hochst. ex A.Rich.) (Dolichos daltonii Webb) (Glycine moniliformis Hochst. ex A.Rich.) uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc. var. stenocarpum (Brenan) Verdc. C (Glycine wightii (Wight & Arn.) Verdc. subsp. wightii var. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG longicauda (Schweinf.) Verdc.)

MEDICAGO L. NEORAUTANENIA Schinz aschersoniana Urb. = M. laciniata var. laciniata amboensis Schinz = N. mitis ✹laciniata (L.) Mill. var. laciniata GAB PRE (Dolichos brachypus Harms)

69 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana FABACEAE (cont.)

(Dolichos ficifolius (Benth.) Harms) trichocarpum (Taub.) Engl. BM GAB K LISC PRE SRGH (Pueraria ficifolia (Benth.) L.Bolus) (Diphaca trichocarpa Taub.) (Rhynchosia ficifolia Benth.) (O. setosum Burtt Davy) brachypus (Harms) C.A.Smith K SRGH (Saldania acanthocarpa Sim) (Dolichos seineri Harms) (Galactia lugardii N.E.Br.) OSTRYODERRIS Dunn (N. coriacea C.A.Smith) stuhlmannii (Taub.) Harms = Xeroderris stuhlmannii (N. edulis C.A.Smith) (N. lugardii (N.E.Br.) C.A.Smith) OTOPTERA DC. (N. rogersii (L.Bolus) C.A.Smith) burchellii DC. C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (N. seineri (Harms) C.A.Smith) (Vigna burchellii (DC.) Harv.) (Pueraria rogersii L.Bolus) coriacea C.A.Smith = N. brachypus PACHYRHIZUS Rich. ex DC. deserticola C.A.Smith = N. ficifolia orbicularis Welw. ex Baker = Neorautanenia mitis edulis C.A.Smith = N. brachypus ficifolia (Benth. ex Harv.) C.A.Smith C GAB K PRE SRGH PARKINSONIA L. lugardii (N.E.Br.) C.A.Smith = N. brachypus ✹aculeata L PRE mitis (A.Rich.) Verdc. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG africana Sond. UCBG (Dolichos mitis A.Rich.) (Dolichos orbicularis (Welw. ex Baker) Baker f.) PAULETIA Cav. (Dolichos pseudopachyrhizus Harms var. kilimandschari macrantha (Oliv.) A.Schmitz = Bauhinia petersiana Harms) subsp. macrantha (Dolichos pseudopachyrhizus Harms var. subintegrifolius urbaniana (Schinz) A.Schmitz = Bauhinia urbaniana Harms) (Dolichos pseudopachyrhizus Harms) PELTOPHORUM (Vogel) Benth. (N. amboensis Schinz) africanum Sond. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG (N. orbicularis (Welw. ex Baker) Torre) (Brasilettia africana (Sond.) Kuntze) (N. pseudopachyrhiza (Harms) Milne-Redh.) (Pachyrhizus orbicularis Welw. ex Baker) PERLEBIA Mart. orbicularis (Welw. ex Baker) Torre = N. mitis macrantha (Oliv.) A.Schmitz = Bauhinia petersiana pseudopachyrhiza (Harms) Milne-Redh. = N. mitis subsp. macrantha rogersii (L.Bolus) C.A.Smith = N. brachypus urbaniana (Schinz) A.Schmitz = Bauhinia urbaniana seineri (Harms) C.A.Smith = N. brachypus PHASEOLUS L. NEPTUNIA Lour. quadriflorus Hochst. ex A.Rich. = Vigna vexillata var. vexillata oleracea Lour. GAB PRE SRGH S schlechteri Harms = Decorsea schlechteri (Desmanthus stolonifer DC.) (Mimosa natans L.f.) PHILENOPTERA Fenzl ex A.Rich. (Mimosa prostrata Lam.) nelsii (Schinz) Schrire GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (N. prostrata (Lam.) Baill.) (Dalbergia nelsii Schinz) (N. stolonifera (DC.) Guill. & Perr.) (Lonchocarpus nelsii (Schinz) Schinz ex Heering & Grimme prostrata (Lam.) Baill. = N. oleracea subsp. nelsii) stolonifera (DC.) Guill. & Perr. = N. oleracea violacea (Klotzsch) Schrire GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG NESPHOSTYLIS Verdc. (Capassa violacea Klotzsch) junodii (Harms) Munyembenyembe & Bisby = Dolichos junodii (Derris violacea (Klotzsch) Harms) (Lonchocarpus capassa Rolfe) NICOLSONIA Span. (Lonchocarpus violaceus (Klotzsch) Oliv.) barbata (L.) DC. var. dimorpha (Welw. ex Baker) Schindl. = Desmodium barbatum var. dimorphum PILIOSTIGMA Hochst. thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh. GAB PRE SRGH OPHRESTIA H.M.L.Forbes oblongifolia (E.Mey.) H.M.L.Forbes var. velutinosa PIPTADENIA Benth. H.M.L.Forbes PRE goetzei Harms = Elephantorrhiza goetzei subsp. goetzei

ORMOCARPUM P.Beauv. PROSOPIS L. setosum Burtt Davy = O. trichocarpum elephantina (Burch.) E.Mey. = Elephantorrhiza elephantina

70 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red FABACEAE (cont.)

elephantorrhiza (DC.) Spreng. = Elephantorrhiza elephantina debilis G.Don = R. densiflora subsp. debilis ✹glandulosa Torr. var. glandulosa GAB PRE UCBG Ö densiflora (Roth) DC. subsp. chrysadenia (Taub.) Verdc. C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG UPS PSEUDOCADIA Harms (R. chrysadenia Taub.) zambesiaca (Baker) Harms = Xanthocercis zambesiaca (R. debilis G.Don) (R. fischeri Harms) PSORALEA L. (R. schweinfurthii Harms) obtusifolia DC. = Cullen tomentosum densiflora (Roth) DC. subsp. debilis (G.Don) Verdc. K desertorum Harms = R. fleckii PTEROCARPUS Jacq. dinteri Schinz = R. namaensis angolensis DC. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ficifolia Benth. = Neorautanenia ficifolia antunesii (Taub.) Harms = P. lucens subsp. antunesii filicaulis Welw. ex Baker = R. totta var. fenchelii chrysothrix Taub. = P. tinctorius Welw. ex Baker fischeri Harms = R. densiflora subsp. chrysadenia lucens Lepr. ex Guill. & Perr. subsp. antunesii (Taub.) Rojo fleckii Schinz GAB K PRE GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (R. desertorum Harms) (P. antunesii (Taub.) Harms) (R. nervosa Benth. & Harv. var. pauciflora Harv.) polyanthus Harms = P. rotundifolius subsp. polyanthus (R. oligantha Harms) rotundifolius (Sond.) Druce subsp. polyanthus (Harms) hirsuta Schinz = R. venulosa R. totta var. fenchelii Mendonça & E.C.Sousa GAB PRE PSUB SRGH hockii De Wild. = R. minima var. prostrata UCBG hockii De Wild. var. grandifolia Hauman = R. minima (P. polyanthus Harms) var. prostrata rotundifolius (Sond.) Druce subsp. rotundifolius PRE ischnoclada Harms = R. minima var. prostrata SRGH UCBG holosericea Schinz GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Dalbergia rotundifolia Sond.) holubii Hemsl. = Eminia holubii tinctorius Welw. ex Baker s komatiensis Harms s (P. chrysothrix Taub.) melanosperma Klotzsch = R. sublobata memnonia (Delile) DC. var. prostrata Harv. = R. minima PTYCHOLOBIUM Harms var. prostrata biflorum (E.Mey.) Brummitt subsp. angolensis (Baker) minima (L.) DC. var. minima GAB K PRE PSUB Brummitt PRE PSUB UCBG SRGH UCBG biflorum (E.Mey.) Brummitt subsp. biflorum PRE (Dolicholus minimus (L.) Hiern) PSUB UCBG (Dolichos minimus L.) contortum (N.E.Br.) Brummitt GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (R. hockii De Wild.) (Sylitra contorta (N.E.Br.) Baker f.) (R. hockii De Wild. var. grandifolia Hauman) (Tephrosia contorta N.E.Br.) (R. ischnoclada Harms) plicatum (Oliv.) Harms subsp. plicatum GAB PRE SRGH (R. memnonia (Delile) DC. var. prostrata Harv.) (Tephrosia plicata Oliv.) minima (L.) DC. var. prostrata (Harv.) Meikle GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG PUERARIA DC. mollis Burtt Davy = R. totta var. fenchelii ficifolia (Benth.) L.Bolus = Neorautanenia ficifolius namaensis Schinz GAB rogersii L.Bolus = Neorautanenia brachypus (R. dinteri Schinz) nervosa Benth. & Harv. var. pauciflora Harv. = R. fleckii REQUIENIA DC. nyasica Baker GAB SRGH pseudosphaerosperma (Schinz) Brummitt GAB PRE oligantha Harms = R. fleckii SRGH UCBG remota Conrath = R. totta var. fenchelii (Tephrosia pseudosphaerosperma Schinz) resinosa (A.Rich.) Baker PRE SRGH sphaerosperma DC. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Fagelia resinosa A.Rich.) (Tephrosia sphaerosperma (DC.) Baker) schweinfurthii Harms = R. densiflora subsp. chrysadenia stipitata Verdc. GAB K SRGH RHYNCHOSIA Lour. sublobata (Schumach.) Meikle GAB K PRE SRGH albissima Gand. PRE (Glycine sublobata Schumach.) cajanoides Guill. & Perr. = Eriosema psoraleoides (R. melanosperma Klotzsch) caribaea (Jacq.) DC. PRE PSUB SRGH totta (Thunb.) DC. var. fenchelii Schinz GAB K PRE chrysadenia Taub. = R. densiflora subsp. chrysadenia PSUB SRGH ciliata (Thunb.) Schinz PRE (Dolicholus venulosus Hiern) cinnamomea Schinz = R. totta var. fenchelii (Dolichos venulosus Hiern) confusa Burtt Davys (Glycine totta Thunb.)

71 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana FABACEAE (cont.)

(R. cinnamomea Schinz) sesban (L.) Merr. subsp. sesban var. zambesiaca (R. filicaulis Welw. ex Baker) J.B.Gillett PRE (R. mollis Burtt Davy) tetraptera Hochst. ex Baker subsp. rogersii (E.Phillips & Hutch.) (R. remota Conrath) Lewis = S. rogersii (R. totta (Thunb.) DC. var. venulosa (Hiern) Verdc.) tetraptera Hochst. ex Baker subsp. tetraptera PRE (R. venulosa (Hiern) K.Schum.) totta (Thunb.) DC. var. totta GAB PRE PSUB STYLOSANTHES Sw. SRGH UCBG bojeri Vogel = S. fruticosa totta (Thunb.) DC. var. venulosa (Hiern) Verdc. = R. totta flavicans Baker = S. fruticosa var. fenchelii fruticosa (Retz.) Alston C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH venulosa (Hiern) K.Schum. = R. totta var. fenchelii UCBG UPS (Arachis fruticosa Retz.) SALDANIA T.R.Sim (S. bojeri Vogel) acanthocarpa Sim = Ormocarpum trichocarpum (S. flavicans Baker) (S. mucronata Willd.) SCHOTIA Jacq. mucronata Willd. = S. fruticosa brachypetala Sond. PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG capitata Bolle s SUTHERLANDIA R.Br. ex W.T.Aiton frutescens (L.) R.Br. GAB PRE UCBG SCYTALIS E.Mey. (Colutea frutescens L.) helicopus E.Mey. var. major E.Mey. = Vigna luteola microphylla Burch. ex DC. PRE helicopus E.Mey. var. minor E.Mey. = Vigna luteola hispida E.Mey. = Vigna unguiculata subsp. stenophylla SWARTZIA Schreb. protracta E.Mey. = Vigna unguiculata subsp. stenophylla madagascariensis Desv. = Bobgunnia madagascariensis (Desv.) J.H.Kirkbr. & Wiersema SENNA Mill. italica Mill. subsp. arachoides (Burch.) Lock GAB PRE PSUB SYLITRA E.Mey. SRGH UCBG contorta (N.E.Br.) Baker f. = Ptycholobium contortum (Cassia arachoides Burch.) (Cassia italica (Mill.) Lam. ex F.W.Andrews subsp. arachoides TEPHROSIA Pers. (Burch.) Brenan) acaciifolia Baker PRE (Cassia obovata Collad. var. mucronata Burtt Davy) albissima H.M.L.Forbes subsp. zuluensis (H.M.L.Forbes) (Cassia obovata Collad. var. pilosa Burtt Davy) Schire PRE ✹obtusifolia (L.) Irwin & Barneby GAB PRE angustissima Engl. = T. longipes subsp. longipes var. longipes PSUB SRGH anthylloides Hochst. ex Webb = T. uniflora subsp. uniflora (Cassia obtusifolia L.) brachyloba E.Mey. = T. dregeana var. dregeana ✹occidentalis (L.) Link GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG Ö burchellii Burtt Davy GAB PRE UCBG (Cassia occidentalis L.) caerulea Baker f. subsp. caerulea GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG caerulea Baker f. subsp. otaviensis (Dinter) A.Schreib. & SESBANIA Scop. Brummitt GAB PRE UCBG aculeata (Willd.) Pers. = S. bispinosa var. bispinosa (T. otaviensis Dinter) ✹bispinosa (Jacq.) W.Wight var. bispinosa GAB PRE PSUB contorta N.E.Br. = Ptycholobium contortum SRGH UCBG S damarensis Engl. = T. dregeana var. dregeana (S. aculeata (Willd.) Pers.) dawsonii Baker f. = T. longipes subsp. longipes var. longipes brevipedunculata J.B.Gillett PRE PSUB SRGH S delagoensis H.M.L.Forbes = T. purpurea subsp. leptostachya cinerascens Welw. ex Baker GAB PRE PSUB S var. delagoensis coerulescens Harms SRGH dinteri Schinz = T. dregeana var. dregeana leptocarpa DC. SRGH dregeana E.Mey. var. dregeana GAB PRE PSUB UCBG macowaniana Schinz PRE PSUB (T. brachyloba E.Mey.) microphylla E.Phillips & Hutch. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH S (T. damarensis Engl.) pachycarpa DC. s (T. dinteri Schinz) rogersii E.Phillips & Hutch. GAB PSUB SRGH elongata E.Mey. var. elongata PRE (S. tetraptera Hochst. ex Baker subsp. rogersii (E.Phillips & euprepes Brummitt GAB PRE SRGH Hutch.) Lewis) indigofera Bertol. = T. purpurea subsp. leptostachya rostrata Bremek. & Oberm. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH S var. delagoensis sesban (L.) Merr. subsp. sesban var. nubica Chiov. GAB PRE leptostachya DC. = T. purpurea subsp. leptostachya PSUB SRGH var. leptostachya

72 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red FABACEAE (cont.)

lineata Schumach. & Thonn. = T. purpurea subsp. leptostachya (T. africanum Ser. var. glabellum (E.Mey.) Harv.) var. leptostachya africanum Ser. var. glabellum (E.Mey.) Harv. = T. africanum longipes Meisn. subsp. longipes var. icosisperma Brummitt = var. africanum T. longipes subsp. longipes var. longipes longipes Meisn. subsp. longipes var. longipes GAB PRE SRGH UCBG TRIGONELLA L. (T. angustissima Engl.) tomentosa Thunb. = Cullen tomentosum (T. dawsonii Baker f.) (T. longipes Meisn. subsp. longipes var. icosisperma Brummitt) TYLOSEMA (Schweinf.) Torre & Hillc. (T. lurida Sond. var. drummondii Brummitt) esculentum (Burch.) A.Schreib. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (T. lurida Sond. var. lissocarpa Brummitt) (Bauhinia bainesii Schinz) (T. lurida Sond. var. lurida) (Bauhinia burkeana (Benth.) Harv.) lupinifolia DC. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG (Bauhinia esculenta Burch.) lurida Sond. var. drummondii Brummitt = T. longipes subsp. fassoglense (Schweinf.) Torre & Hillc. GAB UCBG longipes var. longipes lurida Sond. var. lissocarpa Brummitt = T. longipes subsp. VIGNA Savi longipes var. longipes angustifoliolata Verdc. = V. unguiculata subsp. stenophylla lurida Sond. var. lurida = T. longipes subsp. longipes brachycalyx Baker = V. unguiculata subsp. unguiculata var. longipes var. spontanea macropoda (E.Mey.) Harv. var. diffusa (E.Mey.) Schrire PRE buchneri Harms = V. frutescens subsp. frutescens var. buchneri mossambicensis Schinz = T. uniflora subsp. uniflora bukobensis Harms = V. luteola multijuga R.G.N.Young PRE burchellii (DC.) Harv. = Otoptera burchellii otaviensis Dinter = T. caerulea subsp. otaviensis crinita A.Rich. = V. vexillata var. vexillata plicata Oliv. = Ptycholobium plicatum subsp. plicatum debanensis Martelli = V. frutescens subsp. frutescens var. polystachya E.Mey. var. hirta Harv. PRE frutescens pseudosphaerosperma Schinz = decipiens Harv. = V. frutescens subsp. frutescens var. frutescens Requienia pseudosphaerosperma dekindtiana Harms = V. unguiculata subsp. dekindtiana pumila (Lam.) Pers. var. pumila GAB PSUB SRGH var. dekindtiana purpurea (L.) Pers. subsp. leptostachya (DC.) Brummitt var. dinteri Harms = V. vexillata var. lobatifolia delagoensis (H.M.L.Forbes) Brummitt GAB PRE SRGH UCBG dolichonema Harms = V. vexillata var. vexillata (T. delagoensis H.M.L.Forbes) esculenta (De Wild.) De Wild. = V. frutescens subsp. frutescens (T. indigofera Bertol.) var. frutescens (T. leptostachya DC.) flagrans Baker f. = V. frutescens subsp. frutescens var. frutescens (T. lineata Schumach. & Thonn.) frutescens A.Rich. subsp. frutescens var. buchneri (Harms) purpurea (L.) Pers. subsp. leptostachya (DC.) Brummitt var. Verdc. K LISC SRGH leptostachya GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (Liebrechtsia katangensis De Wild.) purpurea (L.) Pers. subsp. leptostachya (DC.) Brummitt var. (Liebrechtsia schweinfurthii De Wild.) pubescens Baker PRE (Liebrechtsia spartioides (Taub.) De Wild.) rhodesica Baker f. var. evansii (Hutch. & Burtt Davy) (V. buchneri Harms) Brummitt PRE (V. katangensis (De Wild.) T.Durand & H.Durand) rhodesica Baker f. var. rhodesica PRE SRGH (V. spartioides Taub.) semiglabra Sond. PRE frutescens A.Rich. subsp. frutescens var. frutescens GAB K sericea Baker = Dolichos kilimandscharicus subsp. LISC SRGH kilimandscharicus var. kilimandscharicus (Liebrechtsia esculenta De Wild.) sphaerosperma (DC.) Baker = Requienia sphaerosperma (V. debanensis Martelli) suberosa DC. = Mundulea sericea (V. decipiens Harv.) uniflora Pers. subsp. uniflora SRGH (V. esculenta (De Wild.) De Wild.) (T. anthylloides Hochst. ex Webb) (V. flagrans Baker f.) (T. mossambicensis Schinz) (V. glandulosa Chiov.) villosa (L.) Pers. subsp. ehrenbergiana (Schweinf.) Brummitt (V. harmsiana Buscalioni & Muschler) var. daviesii Brummitt GAB PRE PSUB (V. keniensis Harms) zoutpansbergensis Bremek. GAB (V. ledermannii Harms) (V. longiloba Burtt Davy) TETRAPLEURA Benth. (V. pongolensis Burtt Davy) andongensis Welw. ex Oliv. = Amblygonocarpus andongensis (V. pseudotriloba Harms) (V. sudanica Baker f.) TRIFOLIUM L. (V. taubertii Volkens ex Harms) africanum Ser. var. africanum PRE (V. violacea Hutch.)

73 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana FABACEAE (cont.)

fischeri Harms = V. luteola (V. lancifolia A.Rich.) glandulosa Chiov. = V. frutescens subsp. frutescens var. (V. wilmsii Burtt Davy) frutescens oblongifolia A.Rich. var. parviflora (Baker) Verdc. GAB K PRE golungensis Baker = V. vexillata var. vexillata PSUB SRGH harmsiana Buscalioni & Muschler = V. frutescens subsp. (V. hygrophila Harms) frutescens var. frutescens (V. parviflora Baker) helicopus (E.Mey.) Walp. = V. luteola (V. uliginosa R.Vig.) hirta Hook. = V. vexillata var. vexillata ostinii Chiov. = V. monophylla hispida (E.Mey.) Walp. = V. unguiculata subsp. stenophylla parviflora Baker = V. oblongifolia var. parviflora holstii Harms = V. luteola phaseoloides Baker = V. vexillata var. vexillata huillensis Welw. ex Baker = V. unguiculata subsp. dekindtiana pongolensis Burtt Davy = V. frutescens subsp. frutescens var. huillensis var. frutescens hygrophila Harms = V. oblongifolia var. parviflora pseudotriloba Harms = V. frutescens subsp. frutescens jaegeri Harms = V. luteola var. frutescens junodii Harms = Dolichos junodii pygmaea R.E.Fr. SRGH katangensis (De Wild.) T.Durand & H.Durand = V. frutescens repens (L.) Kuntze = V. luteola subsp. frutescens var. buchneri rhomboidea Burtt Davy = V. unguiculata subsp. stenophylla keniensis Harms = V. frutescens subsp. frutescens var. frutescens scabra (De Wild.) T.Durand &H.Durand = V. unguiculata lancifolia A.Rich. = V. oblongifolia var. oblongifolia subsp. unguiculata var. spontanea ledermannii Harms = V. frutescens subsp. frutescens scabra Sond. = V. vexillata var. vexillata var. frutescens scabrida Burtt Davy = V. unguiculata subsp. unguiculata lobatifolia Baker = V. vexillata var. lobatifolia var. spontanea longiloba Burtt Davy = V. frutescens subsp. frutescens senegalensis A.Chev. = V. vexillata var. vexillata var. frutescens sinensis (L.) Hassk. = V. unguiculata subsp. unguiculata lutea (Sw.) A.Gray = V. luteola sinensis Hassk. var. spontanea Schweinf. = V. unguiculata subsp. luteola (Jacq.) Benth. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH S unguiculata var. spontanea (Dolichos emarginata P.Beauv.) spartioides Taub. = V. frutescens subsp. frutescens var. buchneri (Dolichos helicopus (E.Mey.) Steud.) stenophylla (Harv.) Burtt Davy = V. unguiculata (Dolichos luteolus Jacq.) subsp. stenophylla (Dolichos luteus Sw.) sudanica Baker f. = V. frutescens subsp. frutescens (Dolichos niloticus Delile) var. frutescens (Dolichos repens L.) taubertii Volkens ex Harms = V. frutescens subsp. frutescens (Scytalis helicopus E.Mey. var. major E.Mey.) var. frutescens (Scytalis helicopus E.Mey. var. minor E.Mey.) thonningii Hook. f. = V. vexillata var. vexillata (V. bukobensis Harms) triloba (Thunb.) Walp. = V. unguiculata subsp. unguiculata (V. fischeri Harms) V. unguiculata subsp. stenophylla (V. helicopus (E.Mey.) Walp.) triloba Walp. var. stenophylla Harv. = V. unguiculata (V. holstii Harms) subsp. stenophylla (V. jaegeri Harms) tuberosa A.Rich. = V. vexillata var. vexillata (V. lutea (Sw.) A.Gray) uliginosa R.Vig. = V. oblongifolia var. parviflora (V. luteola (Jacq.) Benth. var. angustifolia B.L.Rob.) unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. dekindtiana (Harms) Verdc. var. (V. luteola (Jacq.) Benth. var. villosa Micheli) dekindtiana GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (V. mildbraedii Harms) (Dolichos hastifolius Schnizl.) (V. nigerica A.Chev.) (Dolichos obliquifolius Schnizl.) (V. nilotica (Delile) Hook f.) (Dolichos sinensis L.) (V. repens (L.) Kuntze) (Dolichos unguiculatus L.) luteola (Jacq.) Benth. var. angustifolia B.L.Rob. = V. luteola (Liebrechtsia scabra De Wild.) luteola (Jacq.) Benth. var. villosa Micheli = V. luteola (Scytalis hispida E.Mey.) mildbraedii Harms = V. luteola (Scytalis protracta E.Mey.) monophylla Taub. GAB PSUB SRGH (V. dekindtiana Harms) (Dolichos gardneri Baker f.) unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. dekindtiana (Harms) Verdc. var. (Haydonia monophylla (Taub.) R.Wilczek) huillensis (Welw. ex Baker) B.J.Pienaar PSUB UCBG (V. ostinii Chiov.) (V. huillensis Welw. ex Baker) nigerica A.Chev. = V. luteola unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. dekindtiana (Harms) Verdc. var. nilotica (Delile) Hook f. = V. luteola kgalagadiensis Mithen = V. unguiculata subsp. stenophylla oblongifolia A.Rich. var. oblongifolia K PRE unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. dekindtiana (Harms) Verdc. var. (Dolichos dillonii Delile) protracta (E.Mey.) Verdc. = V. unguiculata subsp. stenophylla

74 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red GENTIANACEAE

unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. protracta (E.Mey.) B.J.Pienaar = XERODERRIS Roberty V. unguiculata subsp. stenophylla stuhlmannii (Taub.) Mendonça & E.C.Sousa PRE PSUB unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. stenophylla (Harv.) Maréchal SRGH UCBG et al. GAB K PRE SRGH (Deguelia stuhlmannii Taub.) ( V. angustifoliolata Verdc.) (Derris stuhlmannii (Taub.) Harms) (V. hispida (E.Mey.) Walp.) (Ostryoderris stuhlmannii (Taub.) Harms) (V. rhomboidea Burtt Davy) ( V. stenophylla (Harv.) Burtt Davy) ZORNIA J.F.Gmel. (V. triloba Walp. var. stenophylla Harv.) glochidiata DC. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ( V. unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. dekindtiana (Harms) Verdc. linearis E.Mey. PRE var. kgalagadiensis Mithen) milneana Mohlenbr. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (V. unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. dekindtiana (Harms) Verdc. pratensis Milne-Redh. subsp. pratensis var. pratensis K var. protracta (E.Mey.) Verdc.) (V. unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. protracta (E.Mey.) FLACOURTIACEAE B.J.Pienaar) unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. unguiculata var. spontanea ABERIA Hochst. (Schweinf.) Pasquet K SRGH caffra Hook.f. & Harv. = Dovyalis caffra ( V. brachycalyx Baker) tristis Sond. = Dovyalis zeyheri (V. scabra (De Wild.) T.Durand & H.Durand) zeyheri Sond. = Dovyalis zeyheri (V. scabrida Burtt Davy) (V. sinensis Hassk. var. spontanea Schweinf.) DOVYALIS E.Mey. ex Arn. unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. unguiculata var. unguiculata K caffra (Hook.f. & Harv.) Hook.f. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG PRE SRGH (Aberia caffra Hook.f. & Harv.) ( V. sinensis (L.) Hassk.) tristis (Sond.) Warb. = D. zeyheri vexillata (L.) A.Rich. var. dolichonema (Harms) Verdc. = zeyheri (Sond.) Warb. PRE SRGH V. vexillata var. vexillata (Aberia tristis Sond.) vexillata (L.) A.Rich. var. hirta (Hook.) Baker f. = V. vexillata (Aberia zeyheri Sond.) var. vexillata (D. tristis (Sond.) Warb.) vexillata (L.) A.Rich. var. lobatifolia (Baker) Pasquet K ( V. dinteri Harms) FLACOURTIA L’Hér. (V. lobatifolia Baker) hirtiuscula Oliv. = F. indica vexillata (L.) A.Rich. var. thonningii (Hook.f.) Baker = indica (Burm.f.) Merr. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG V. vexillata var. vexillata (F. hirtiuscula Oliv.) vexillata (L.) A.Rich. var. tuberosa (A.Rich.) Chiov. = V. vexillata (F. ramontchi L’Hér.) var. vexillata (Gmelina indica Burm.f.) vexillata (L.) A.Rich. var. vexillata K ramontchi L’Hér. = F. indica ( Phaseolus quadriflorus Hochst. ex A.Rich.) (V. crinita A.Rich.) HOMALIUM Jacq. (V. dolichonema Harms) abdessammadii Asch. & Schweinf. PRE PSUB SRGH ( V. golungensis Baker) dentatum (Harv.) Warb. PRE UCBG (V. hirta Hook.) (V. phaseoloides Baker) ONCOBA Forssk. ( V. scabra (De Wild.) T.Durand & H.Durand) spinosa Forssk. subsp. spinosa GAB PRE PSUB ( V. scabra Sond.) ( V. senegalensis A.Chev.) SCOLOPIA Schreb. (V. thonningii Hook. f.) ecklonii (Nees) Harv. = S. zeyheri (V. tuberosa A.Rich.) zeyheri (Nees) Harv. PRE SRGH UCBG (V. vexillata (L.) A.Rich. var. dolichonema (Harms) Verdc.) (S. ecklonii (Nees) Harv.) ( V. vexillata (L.) A.Rich. var. hirta (Hook.) Baker f.) (V. vexillata (L.) A.Rich. var. thonningii (Hook.f.) Baker) GENTIANACEAE (V. vexillata (L.) A.Rich. var. tuberosa (A.Rich.) Chiov.) violacea Hutch. = V. frutescens subsp. frutescens var. frutescens BELMONTIA E.Mey. wilmsii Burtt Davy = V. oblongifolia var. oblongifolia grandis E.Mey. = Sebaea grandis

XANTHOCERCIS Baill. CHIRONIA L. zambesiaca (Baker) Dumaz-le-Grand GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG densiﬂora Scott Elliot = C. krebsii (Pseudocadia zambesiaca (Baker) Harms) krebsii Griseb. K

75 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana GENTIANACEAE (cont.)

(C. densiﬂora Scott Elliot) malviﬂora Schinz = M. burkeana palustris Burch. subsp. transvaalensis (Gilg) I.Verd. GAB PRE SRGH ovata Cav. subsp. glauca (R.Knuth) Bowden & F.S.Mull. = M. glauca (C. transvaalensis Gilg) senegalensis Guill. & Perr. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH transvaalensis Gilg = C. palustris subsp. transvaalensis stricta R.Knuth = M. glauca

ENICOSTEMA Blume PELARGONIUM L’Hér. axillare (Lam.) A.Raynal subsp. axillare GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH bechuanicum Burtt Davy = P. dolomiticum (E. hyssopifolium (Willd.) I.Verd.) bechuanicum Burtt Davy var. latisectum Burtt Davy = (Exacum hyssopifolium Willd.) P. dolomiticum (Gentiana axillaris Lam.) dolomiticum R.Knuth GAB PRE � hyssopifolium (Willd.) I.Verd. = E. axillare subsp. axillare (P. bechuanicum Burtt Davy) (P. bechuanicum Burtt Davy EXACUM L. var. latisectum Burtt Davy) hyssopifolium Willd. = Enicostema axillare subsp. axillare (P. juttae Dinter) juttae Dinter = P. dolomiticum EXOCHAENIUM Griseb. grande (E.Mey.) Griseb. = Sebaea grandis SARCOCAULON (DC.) Sweet salmoniﬂorum Moﬀet GAB PRE � FAROA Welw. buchananii Baker = Pycnosphaera buchananii GISEKIACEAE

GENTIANA L. GISEKIA L. axillaris Lam. = Enicostema axillare subsp. axillare africana (Lour.) Kuntze var. africana BM GAB K LISC PRE SRGH UCBG PYCNOSPHAERA Gilg (G. pentadecandra Moq.) buchananii (Baker) N.E.Br. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH africana (Lour.) Kuntze var. cymosa Adamson PRE (Faroa buchananii Baker) africana (Lour.) Kuntze var. pedunculata (Oliv.) Brenan PRE pentadecandra Moq. = G. africana var. africana SEBAEA Sol. ex R.Br. pharnacioides L. var. pharnacioides GAB K LISC PRE SRGH UCBG � burchellii Gilg = S. pentandra var. burchellii conrathii Schinz = S. pentandra var. burchellii GUNNERACEAE grandis (E.Mey.) Steud. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (Belmontia grandis E.Mey.) GUNNERA L. (Exochaenium grande (E.Mey.) Griseb.) perpensa L. SRGH S junodii Schinz PRE PSUB SRGH microphylla (Edgew.) Knobl. Ss HALORAGACEAE pentandra E.Mey. var. burchellii (Gilg) Marais C GAB K PRE SRGH (S. burchellii Gilg) LAUREMBERGIA P.J.Bergius (S. conrathii Schinz) repens P.J.Bergius subsp. brachypoda (Hiern) Oberm. GAB pentandra E.Mey. var. pentandra PRE PRE SRGH S (L. tetrandra (Schott) Kanitz subsp. brachypoda (Welw. ex GERANIACEAE Hiern) A.Raynal) tetrandra (Schott) Kanitz subsp. brachypoda (Welw. ex Hiern) MONSONIA L. A.Raynal = L. repens subsp. brachypoda angustifolia E.Mey. ex A.Rich. BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG betschuanica R.Knuth = M. burkeana MYRIOPHYLLUM L. biflora DC. = M. burkeana ✹spicatum L. PRE PSUB SRGH SÖ burkeana Planch. ex Harv. BM GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG HERNANDIACEAE (M. betschuanica R.Knuth) (M. biflora DC.) GYROCARPUS Jacq. (M. glandulosissima Schinz) americanus Jacq. subsp. africanus Kubitzki PRE (M. malviflora Schinz) glandulosissima Schinz = M. burkeana HETEROPYXIDACEAE glauca R.Knuth GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (M. ovata Cav. subsp. glauca (R.Knuth) Bowden & F.S.Mull.) HETEROPYXIS Harv. (M. stricta R.Knuth) natalensis Harv. SRGH UCBG

76 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red LAMIACEAE

HYDNORACEAE ( Ocimum rautanenii Briq.) (Ocimum stenoglossum Briq.) HYDNORA Thunb. knyanum (Vatke) N.E.Br. ex Broun & R.E.Massey = abyssinica A.Braun ex Schweinf. ODU � B. filamentosum africana Thunb. PRE � obovatum (E.Mey. ex Benth.) N.E.Br. var. knyanum (Vatke) johannis Becc. var. johannis GAB PRE PSUB � Cufod. = B. filamentosum (H. solmsiana Dinter) solmsiana Dinter = H. johannis var. johannis CLERODENDRUM L. (Formerly also placed under Verbenaceae) ICACINACEAE buchneri Gürke GAB PRE PSUB glabrum E.Mey. var. glabrum GAB PRE UCBG APODYTES E.Mey. ex Arn. (C. rehmannii Gürke) dimidiata E.Mey. ex Arn. subsp. dimidiata GAB SRGH myricoides (Hochst.) Vatke = Rotheca myricoides ( Cyclonema myricoides Hochst.) KIRKIACEAE rehmannii Gürke = C. glabrum var. glabrum spinescens (Oliv.) Gürke = Rotheca uncinata KIRKIA Oliv. ternatum Schinz GAB PRE PSUB UCBG acuminata Oliv. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ( C. ternatum Schinz var. lanceolatum (K. acuminata Oliv. var. pubescens (Burtt Davy) Bremek.) (Gürke) Moldenke) (K. pubescens Burtt Davy) ( C. wilmsii Gürke) acuminata Oliv. var. pubescens (Burtt Davy) Bremek. = ternatum Schinz var. lanceolatum (Gürke) Moldenke = K. acuminata C. ternatum var. ternatum pubescens Burtt Davy = K. acuminata triphyllum (Harv.) H.Pearson = Rotheca hirsuta ( Cyclonema triphylla Harv.) LAMIACEAE (LABIATAE) uncinatum Schinz = Rotheca uncinata ( C. spinescens (Oliv.) Gürke) ACROTOME Benth. ex Endl. (Kalaharia uncinata (Schinz) Moldenke) amboensis Briq. = A. inflata wilmsii Gürke = C. ternatum angustifolia G.Taylor GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (A. lancifolia Bremek. & Oberm.) CLINOPODIUM .L hispida Benth. GAB UCBG martinicense Jacq. = Leucas martinicensis inflata Benth. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (A. amboensis Briq.) COLEUS Lour. (Lasiocorys eenii (Hiern) Baker) carnosus Dinter ex Eliovson = Plectranthus neochilus lancifolia Bremek. & Oberm. = A. angustifolia decumbens Gürke = Plectranthus tetensis neochilus (Schltr.) Codd = Plectranthus neochilus AEOLLANTHUS Mart. ex K.Spreng. pentheri Gürke = Plectranthus neochilus buchnerianus Brig. SRGH UCBG � schinzii Gürke = Plectranthus neochilus crenatus S.Moore = A. rehmannii tetensis Baker = Plectranthus tetensis heliotropioides Oliv. = A. suaveolens vagatus E.A.Bruce = Plectranthus tetensis namibiensis Ryding �s neglectus (Dinter) Launert GAB PRE SRGH � CYCLONEMA Hochst. (Plectranthus neglectus Dinter) myricoides Hochst. = Rotheca myricoides rehmannii Gürke PRE SRGH � triphylla Harv. = Rotheca hirsuta (A. crenatus S.Moore) suaveolens Mart. ex K.Spreng. PRE � ENDOSTEMON N.E.Br. (A. heliotropioides Oliv.) ocimoides Bremek. = E. tereticaulis tenuiflorus (Benth.) M.Ashby GAB PRE PSUB SRGH BECIUM Lindl. UCBG angustifolium (Benth.) N.E.Br. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG ( Orthosiphon tenuiflorus Benth.) (Ocimum angustifolium Benth.) (Pseudocimum trichocalyx Bremek.) filamentosum (Forssk.) Chiov. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH tereticaulis (Poir.) M.Ashby GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (B. knyanum (Vatke) N.E.Br. ex Broun & R.E.Massey) ( E. ocimoides Bremek.) (B. obovatum (E.Mey. ex Benth.) N.E.Br. var. knyanum (Vatke) (Ocimum tereticaule Poir.) Cufod.) (Ocimum fissilabrum Briq.) GENIOSPORUM Wall. ex Benth. (Ocimum knyanum Vatke) paniculatum Baker = Neohyptis paniculata

77 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana LAMIACEAE (cont.)

HEMIZYGIA (Benth.) Briq. (Phlomis nepetifolia L.) bracteosa (Benth.) Briq. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH randii S.Moore PRE (H. hoepfneri Briq.) (L. microphylla Skan) (H. serrata Briq.) (Ocimum bracteosum Benth.) LEUCAS R.Br. (Orthosiphon bracteosus (Benth.) Baker) capensis (Benth.) Engl. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Orthosiphon schinzianus Briq.) ( Lasiocorys capensis Benth.) dinteri Briq. = H. petrensis dinteri Briq. = L. glabrata var. glabrata elliottii (Baker) M.Ashby GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG glabrata (Vahl) Sm. var. glabrata GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (Orthosiphon elliottii Baker) UCBG (Orthosiphon messinensis R.D.Good) ( L. dinteri Briq.) hoepfneri Briq. = H. bracteosa (L. junodii Briq.) linearis (Benth.) Briq. PRE SRGH (L. natalensis Sond.) (Orthosiphon linearis Benth.) (Phlomis glabrata Vahl) mossiana (R.D.Good) M.Ashby = H. petrensis junodii Briq. = L. glabrata var. glabrata petrensis (Hiern) M.Ashby GAB PRE PSUB SRGH martinicensis (Jacq.) R.Br. PRE PSUB SRGH (H. dinteri Briq.) ( Clinopodium martinicense Jacq.) (H. mossiana (R.D.Good) M.Ashby) natalensis Sond. = L. glabrata var. glabrata (Orthosiphon engleri Perkins) neuflizeana Courbon PRE SRGH UCBG (Orthosiphon holubii N.E.Br.) sexdentata Skan GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Orthosiphon petrensis Hiern) (Orthosiphon varians N.E.Br.) MENTHA .L serrata Briq. = H. bracteosa aquatica L. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S ( M. dumetorum Schult. var. natalensis Briq.) HOLOSTYLON Robyns & J.-P.Lebrun dumetorum Schult. var. natalensis Briq. = M. aquatica baumii (Gürke) G.Taylor PRE SRGH (Plectranthus baumii Gürke) MOSCHOSMA Rchb. riparium Hochst. = Tetradenia riparia HOSLUNDIA Vahl opposita Vahl GAB PRE PSUB SRGH NEOHYPTIS J.K.Morton (H. opposita Vahl var. decumbens (Benth.) Baker) paniculata (Baker) J.K.Morton GAB PRE PSUB SRGH S (H. opposita Vahl var. verticillata (Vahl) Baker) ( Geniosporum paniculatum Baker) opposita Vahl var. decumbens (Benth.) Baker = H. opposita opposita Vahl var. verticillata (Vahl) Baker = H. opposita NEOMUELLERA Briq. damarensis S.Moore = Plectranthus hereroensis HYPTIS Jacq. ✹pectinata (L.) Poit. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH NEPETA .L (Nepeta pectinata L.) pectinata L. = Hyptis pectinata ✹spicigera Lam. GAB PRE PSUB OCIMUM .L IBOZA N.E.Br. americanum L. var. americanum PRE bainesii N.E.Br. = Tetradenia riparia ( O. canum Sims) galpinii N.E.Br. = Tetradenia riparia (O. fruticulosum Burch.) riparia (Hochst.) N.E.Br. = Tetradenia riparia angustifolium Benth. = Becium angustifolium bracteosum Benth. = Hemizygia bracteosa LASIOCORYS Benth. canum Sims = O. americanum var. americanum capensis Benth. = Leucas capensis fissilabrum Briq. = Becium filamentosum eenii (Hiern) Baker = Acrotome inﬂata fruticulosum Burch. = O. americanum var. americanum gratissimum L. subsp. gratissimum var. gratissimum PRE LEONOTIS (Pers.) R.Br. ( O. urticifolium Roth subsp. urticifolium) dysophylla Benth. = L. intermedia knyanum Vatke = Becium filamentosum intermedia Lindl. GAB UCBG rautanenii Briq. = Becium filamentosum (L. dysophylla Benth.) stenoglossum Briq. = Becium filamentosum kwebensis N.E.Br. = L. nepetifolia suffrutescens Thonn. = Orthosiphon suffrutescens microphylla Skan = L. randii tereticaule Poir. = Endostemon tereticaulis nepetifolia (L.) R.Br. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG urticifolium Roth. subsp. urticifolium = O. gratissimum (L. kwebensis N.E.Br.) subsp. gratissimum var. gratissimum

78 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red LAMIACEAE (cont.)

ORTHOSIPHON Benth. (P. vagatus (E.A.Bruce) Codd) australis Vatke = O. suffrutescens tetragonus Gürke GAB PRE SRGH � bracteosus (Benth.) Baker = Hemizygia bracteosa vagatus (E.A.Bruce) Codd = P. tetensis elliottii Baker = Hemizygia elliottii villosus T.Cooke = P. cylindraceus engleri Perkins = Hemizygia petrensis holubii N.E.Br. = Hemizygia petrensis PREMNA L. inconcinnus Briq. = O. suffrutescens (Formerly usually placed under Verbenaceae) linearis Benth. = Hemizygia linearis senensis Klotzsch PRE SRGH messinensis R.D.Good = Hemizygia elliottii petrensis Hiern = Hemizygia petrensis PSEUDOCIMUM Bremek. schinzianus Briq. = Hemizygia bracteosa trichocalyx Bremek. = Endostemon tenuiflorus suffrutescens (Thonn.) J.K.Morton GAB PRE SRGH (Ocimum suffrutescens Thonn.) PYCNOSTACHYS Hook. (O. australis Vatke) coerulea Hook. GAB PRE SRGH S (O. inconcinnus Briq.) (O. wilmsii Gürke var. komghensis N.E.Br.) ROTHECA Raf. (O. wilmsii Gürke var. wilmsii) hirsuta (Hochst.) R.Fern. PRE tenuiflorus Benth. = Endostemon tenuiflorus (Clerodendrum triphyllum (Harv.) H.Pearson) varians N.E.Br. = Hemizygia petrensis (Cyclonema triphylla Harv.) wilmsii Gürke var. komghensis N.E.Br. = O. suffrutescens myricoides (Hochst.) Steane & Mabb. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG wilmsii Gürke var. wilmsii = O. suffrutescens (Clerodendrum myricoides (Hochst.) Vatke) (Cyclonema myricoides Hochst.) PHLOMIS L. uncinata (Schinz) P.P.J.Herman & Retief GAB PRE PSUB UCBG glabrata Vahl = Leucas glabrata var. glabrata (Clerodendrum spinescens (Oliv.) Gürke) nepetifolia L. = Leonotis nepetifolia (Clerodendrum uncinatum Schinz) (Kalaharia uncinata (Schinz) Moldenke) PLECTRANTHUS L’Hér. wildii (Moldenke) R.Fern. PRE aurifer Dinter ex Launert = P. hereroensis baumii Gürke = Holostylon baumii SALVIA L. cylindraceus Hochst. ex Benth. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG � chlorophylla Briq. = S. stenophylla (P. densiflorus T.Cooke) ✹coccinea Etl. PRE SRGH UCBG (P. glomeratus R.A.Dyer) pallida Dinter ex Engl. = S. stenophylla (P. spiciformis R.A.Dyer) runcinata L.f. PRE (P. villosus T.Cooke) stenophylla Burch. ex Benth. PRE UCBG densiflorus T.Cooke = P. cylindraceus (S. chlorophylla Briq.) esculentus N.E.Br. PRE SRGH � (S. pallida Dinter ex Engl.) (P. floribundus N.E.Br.) ( S. stenophylla Burch. ex Benth. var. subintegra floribundus N.E.Br. = P. esculentus Skan) glomeratus R.A.Dyer = P. cylindraceus stenophylla Burch. ex Benth. var. subintegra Skan = hereroensis Engl. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � S. stenophylla (Neomuellera damarensis S.Moore) (P. aurifer Dinter ex Launert) STACHYS L. (P. myrianthus Briq.) karasmontana Dinter = S. spathulata (P. otaviensis Dinter) minima Gürke = S. spathulata myrianthus Briq. = P. hereroensis pachycalamna Briq. = S. spathulata neglectus Dinter = Aeollanthus neglectus spathulata Burch. ex Benth. PRE SRGH neochilus Schltr. PRE SRGH � (S. karasmontana Dinter) (Coleus carnosus Dinter ex Eliovson) (S. minima Gürke) (Coleus neochilus (Schltr.) Codd) (S. pachycalamna Briq.) (Coleus pentheri Gürke) (Coleus schinzii Gürke) TETRADENIA Benth. otaviensis Dinter = P. hereroensis brevispicata (N.E.Br.) Codd GAB UCBG � spiciformis R.A.Dyer = P. cylindraceus riparia (Hochst.) Codd GAB PRE SRGH UCBG � tetensis (Baker) Agnew GAB PRE PSUB SRGH � (Iboza bainesii N.E.Br.) (Coleus decumbens Gürke) (Iboza galpinii N.E.Br.) (Coleus tetensis Baker) (Iboza riparia (Hochst.) N.E.Br.) (Coleus vagatus E.A.Bruce) (Moschosma riparium Hochst.)

79 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana LAMIACEAE (cont.)

TEUCRIUM L. (U. inflexa Forssk. var. stellaris (L.f.) P.Taylor) capense Thunb. = T. trifidum subulata L. K PRE PSUB SRGH S trifidum Retz. PRE (U. perpusilla A.DC.) (T. capense Thunb.) thonningii Schumach. = U. australis tortilis Welw. ex Oliv. K TINNEA Kotschy & Peyr. (U. falcata Good) eriocalyx Welw. GAB PRE (U. gyrans Suess.) rhodesiana S.Moore SRGH tribracteata Hochst. ex A.Rich. = U. arenaria

VITEX L. LOBELIACEAE (Formerly usually placed under Verbenaceae.) flavescens Rolfe = Vitex mombassae CYPHIA P.J.Bergius mechowii Gürke = Vitex mombassae bechuanensis Bremek. & Oberm. = C. stenopetala mombassae Vatke GAB PRE stenopetala Diels BM PRE (V. flavescens Rolfe) (C. bechuanensis Bremek. & Oberm.) (V. mechowii Gürke) (C. stenopetala Diels var. johannesburgensis E.Wimm.) (V. payos (Lour.) Merr.) stenopetala Diels var. johannesburgensis E.Wimm. = payos (Lour.) Merr. = V. mombassae C. stenopetala pooara Corbishley s zeyheri Sond. GAB PRE UCBG LOBELIA L. angolensis Engl. & Diels BR GAB K LISC PRE PSUB LAURACEAE SRGH UCBG (L. depressa L.f. var. depressa) CASSYTHA L. (L. depressa L.f. var. dregeana (Sond.) E.Wimm.) ✹filiformis L. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH � (L. depressa L.f. var. seineri (Schltr.) E.Wimm.) (L. minutidentata Engl. & Gilg) LENTIBULARIACEAE benguellensis Hiern = L. erinus depressa of authors not of L.f. var. depressa = L. angolensis UTRICULARIA L. depressa L.f. var. dregeana (Sond.) E.Wimm. = L. angolensis arenaria A.DC. K SRGH depressa L.f. var. seineri (Schltr.) E.Wimm. = L. angolensis (U. exilis Oliv.) erinus L. COI GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (U. tribracteata Hochst. ex A.Rich.) (L. benguellensis Hiern) australis R.Br. K SRGH S (L. erinus L. var. bellidifolia (Thunb.) Sond.) (U. thonningii Schumach.) (L. erinus L. var. grandiflora Paxton) benjaminiana Oliv. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH S (L. erinus L. var. schrankii (Sweet) E.Wimm.) (U. gilletii De Wild. & T.Durand) (L. erinus L. var. subvillosa E.Wimm.) cymbantha Oliv. K S (L. filiformis Lam. var. natalensis (A.DC.) E.Wimm.) exilis Oliv. = U. arenaria (L. lavendulacea Klotzsch) exoleta R.Br. = U. gibba (L. lydenburgensis E.Wimm.) falcata Good = U. tortilis (L. nuda Hemsl.) foliosa L. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S (L. rosulata S.Moore) gibba L. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S (L. senegalensis A.DC. var. senegalensis) (U. exoleta R.Br.) (L. transvaalensis Schltr.) (U. gibba L. subsp. exoleta (R.Br.) P.Taylor) (L. wildii E.Wimm.) gibba L. subsp. exoleta (R.Br.) P.Taylor = U. gibba erinus L. var. bellidifolia (Thunb.) Sond. = L. erinus gibbsiae Stapf = U. scandens erinus L. var. grandiflora Paxton = L. erinus gilletii De Wild. & T.Durand = U. benjaminiana erinus L. var. schrankii (Sweet) E.Wimm. = L. erinus grandivesiculosa Czech = U. reflexa erinus L. var. subvillosa E.Wimm. = L. erinus gyrans Suess. = U. tortilis filiformis Lam. var. natalensis (A.DC.) E.Wimm. = L. erinus inflexa Forssk. PRE PSUB SRGH S lavendulacea Klotzsch = L. erinus inflexa Forssk. var. stellaris (L.f.) P.Taylor = U. stellaris leptocarpa Griess. = L. thermalis perpusilla A.DC. = U. subulata lydenburgensis E.Wimm. = L. erinus reflexa Oliv. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S minutidentata Engl. & Gilg = L. angolensis (U. grandivesiculosa Czech) mundtiana Cham. = L. thermalis scandens Benj. K PRE PSUB SRGH S nuda Hemsl. = L. erinus (U. gibbsiae Stapf) rosulata S.Moore = L. erinus stellaris L.f. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH S senegalensis A.DC. var. senegalensis = L. erinus

80 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red LORANTHACEAE

thermalis Thunb. K PRE SRGH namaquensis Harv. = Tapinanthus oleifolius (L. leptocarpa Griess.) namaquensis Harv. var. ligustrifolius Engl. = Tapinanthus (L. mundtiana Cham.) oleifolius transvaalensis Schltr. = L. erinus ngamicus Sprague = Erianthemum ngamicum wildii E.Wimm. = L. erinus oleifolius (J.C.Wendl.) Cham. & Schltdl. = Tapinanthus oleifolius oleifolius (J.C.Wendl.) Cham. & Schltdl. var. luteus Neusser = MONOPSIS Salisb. Tapinanthus oleifolius decipiens (Sond.) Thulin s pentheri Schltr. = Plicosepalus kalachariensis (Lobelia decipiens Sond.) quinquangulus Engl. & Schinz = Tapinanthus oleifolius quinquangulus Engl. & Schinz var. pedicellatus Sprague = LORANTHACEAE Tapinanthus oleifolius rubroviridis Oliv. = Oliverella rubroviridis ACRANTHEMUM Tiegh. rubroviridis Oliv. var. bechuanica Sprague = Oliverella zeyheri (Harv.) Tiegh. = Agelanthus natalitius subsp. zeyheri rubroviridis speciosus F.Dietr. = Tapinanthus oleifolius AGELANTHUS Tiegh. splendens N.E.Br. = Plicosepalus kalachariensis lugardii (N.E.Br.) Polhill & Wiens K GAB PRE SRGH UCBG � virescens N.E.Br. = Erianthemum virescens (Loranthus breyeri Bremek.) zambesicus Gibbs = Tapinanthus oleifolius (Loranthus lugardii N.E.Br.) zeyheri Harv. = Agelanthus natalitius subsp. zeyheri (Loranthus lugardii N.E.Br. var. hirtellus Weim.) zeyheri Harv. var. minor Harv. = Agelanthus natalitius subsp. zeyheri (Tapinanthus lugardii (N.E.Br.) Danser) natalitius (Meisn.) Polhill & Wiens subsp. zeyheri (Harv.) OLIVERELLA Tiegh. Polhill & Wiens GAB PRE SRGH � rubroviridis Tiegh. PRE PSUB SRGH (Acranthemum zeyheri (Harv.) Tiegh.) (Loranthus rubroviridis Oliv.) (Loranthus zeyheri Harv.) (Loranthus rubroviridis Oliv. var. bechuanicus Sprague) (Loranthus zeyheri Harv. var. minor Harv.) (Tapinanthus rubroviridis (Tiegh.) Danser) (Tapinanthus minor (Harv.) Danser) (Tapinanthus natalitius (Meisn.) Danser subsp. zeyheri PLICOSEPALUS Tiegh. (Harv.) Wiens) acaciaedetinentis (Dinter) Danser = P. kalachariensis (Tapinanthus zeyheri (Harv.) Danser) kalachariensis (Schinz) Danser GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG �� prunifolius (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Polhill & Wiens PRE � (Loranthus acaciaedetinentis Dinter) (Loranthus dinteri Schinz) DENDROPHTHOË Mart. (Loranthus kalachariensis Schinz) virescens (N.E.Br.) Danser = Erianthemum virescens (Loranthus pentheri Schltr.) (Loranthus splendens N.E.Br.) ERIANTHEMUM Tiegh. (P. acaciaedetinentis (Dinter) Danser) dregei (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Tiegh. PRE � ngamicum (Sprague) Danser GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � TAPINANTHUS (Blume) Rchb.f. (Loranthus ngamicus Sprague) dependens (Engl.) Danser virescens (N.E.Br.) Wiens & Polhill GAB PSUB SRGH � (T. guttatus Sprague) (Dendrophthoë virescens (N.E.Br.) Danser) guttatus Sprague = T. dependens (Engl.) Danser (Loranthus virescens N.E.Br.) lugardii (N.E.Br.) Danser = Agelanthus lugardii minor (Harv.) Danser = Agelanthus natalitius subsp. zeyheri LICHTENSTEINIA J.C.Wendl. namaquensis (Harv.) Tiegh. = T. oleifolius oleifolia J.C.Wendl. = Tapinanthus oleifolius natalitius (Meisn.) Danser subsp. zeyheri (Harv.) Wiens = speciosa (F.Dietr.) Tiegh. = Tapinanthus oleifolius Agelanthus natalitius subsp. zeyheri oleifolius (J.C.Wendl.) Danser GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � LORANTHUS Jacq. (Lichtensteinia oleifolia J.C.Wendl.) acaciaedetinentis Dinter = Plicosepalus kalachariensis (Lichtensteinia speciosa (F.Dietr.) Tiegh.) breyeri Bremek. = Agelanthus lugardii (Loranthus bumbensis Hiern) bumbensis Hiern = Tapinanthus oleifolius (Loranthus meyeri C.Presl) dinteri Schinz = Plicosepalus kalachariensis (Loranthus meyeri C.Presl var. inachabensis Engl.) kalachariensis Schinz = Plicosepalus kalachariensis (Loranthus namaquensis Harv.) lugardii N.E.Br. = Agelanthus lugardii (Loranthus namaquensis Harv. var. ligustrifolius Engl.) lugardii N.E.Br. var. hirtellus Weim. = Agelanthus lugardii (Loranthus oleifolius (J.C.Wendl.) Cham. & Schltdl.) meyeri C.Presl = Tapinanthus oleifolius (Loranthus oleifolius (J.C.Wendl.) Cham. & Schltdl. var. meyeri C.Presl var. inachabensis Engl. = Tapinanthus oleifolius luteus Neusser)

81 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana LORANTHACEAE (cont.)

(Loranthus quinquangulus Engl. & Schinz) radicans Guill. & Perr. var. radicans PSUB (Loranthus quinquangulus Engl. & Schinz var. rautanenii Koehne PRE pedicellatus Sprague) rigidula (Sond.) Koehne COI K PRE PSUB SRGH (Loranthus speciosus F.Dietr.) (Lythrum rigidulum Sond.) (Loranthus zambesicus Gibbs) rivularis (J.M.Wood & M.S.Evans) Koehne = N. schinzii (T. namaquensis (Harv.) Tiegh.) schinzii Koehne GAB PRE PSUB (T. quinquangulus (Engl. & Schinz) Danser) (N. kuntzei Koehne) quinquangulus (Engl. & Schinz) Danser = T. oleifolius (N. rivularis (J.M.Wood & M.S.Evans) Koehne) rubroviridis (Tiegh.) Danser = Oliverella rubroviridis (N. schinzii Koehne var. fleckii Koehne) zeyheri (Harv.) Danser = Agelanthus natalitius subsp. zeyheri (N. schinzii Koehne var. rehmannii Koehne) schinzii Koehne var. fleckii Koehne = N. schinzii LYTHRACEAE schinzii Koehne var. rehmannii Koehne = N. schinzii transvaalica A.Fern. = N. dinteri subsp. elata AMMANNIA L. auriculata Willd. var. auriculata GAB PRE PSUB SRGH S ROTALA L. baccifera L. subsp. baccifera GAB PRE PSUB capensis (Harv.) A.Fern. & Diniz PSUB S (A. wormskioldii Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) dinteri Koehne PRE S (A. wormskioldii Fisch. & C.A.Mey. var. alata Koehne) filiformis (Bellardi) Hiern GAB PRE PSUB S crassicaulis Guill. & Perr. = Nesaea crassicaulis (R. heterophylla Welw. ex A.Fern. & Diniz) evansiana Fernandes & Diniz = Nesaea ondongana subsp. fluitans Pohnert K PRE SRGH S ondongana var. evansiana (R. tetragonocalyx A.Fern. & Diniz) multiflora Roxb. = A. prieuriana heterophylla Welw. ex A.Fern. & Diniz = R. filiformis passerinoides Hiern = Nesaea passerinoides longistyla L.S.Gibbs COI SRGH UCBG S prieuriana Guill. & Perr. GAB PRE PSUB myriophylloides Welw. ex Hiern COI GAB K PRE (A. multiflora Roxb.) PSUB UCBG S (A. pusilla Sond.) submersa Pohnert = R. tenella pusilla Sond. = A. prieuriana tenella (Guill. & Perr.) Hiern GAB PRE UCBG S wormskioldii Fisch. & C.A.Mey. = A. baccifera subsp. baccifera (R. submersa Pohnert) wormskioldii Fisch. & C.A.Mey. var. alata Koehne = A. baccifera tetragonocalyx A.Fern. & Diniz = R. fluitans subsp. baccifera MALPIGHIACEAE LYTHRUM L. rigidulum Sond. = Nesaea rigidula ACRIDOCARPUS Guill. & Perr. angolensis A.Juss. = Sphedamnocarpus pruriens subsp. pruriens NESAEA Kunth galphimiifolius A.Juss. = Sphedamnocarpus pruriens aspera (Guill. & Perr.) Koehne PRE subsp. galphimiifolius cordata Hiern GAB PRE S pruriens A.Juss. = Sphedamnocarpus pruriens subsp. pruriens crassicaulis (Guill. & Perr.) Koehne COI GAB K PRE pruriens A.Juss. var. laevigatus Sond. = Sphedamnocarpus PSUB SRGH S pruriens subsp. galphimiifolius (Ammannia crassicaulis Guill. & Perr.) dinteri Koehne subsp. elata A.Fern. PRE PSUB SPHEDAMNOCARPUS Planch. ex Benth & Hook.f. (N. transvaalica A.Fern.) angolensis (A.Juss.) Planch. ex Oliv. = S. pruriens subsp. pruriens drummondii A.Fern. COI K PRE SRGH angolensis (A.Juss.) Planch. ex Oliv. var. pulcherrimus floribunda Sond. = N. radicans var. floribunda (Engl. & Gilg) Nied. = S. pruriens subsp. pruriens kuntzei Koehne = N. schinzii galphimiifolius (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. subsp. galphimiifolius = luederitzii Koehne var. luederitzii PRE S. pruriens subsp. galphimiifolius minima Immelman PRE ♦ galphimiifolius (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. subsp. rehmannii (Szyszyl.) ondongana Koehne subsp. ondongana var. evansiana Launert = S. pruriens subsp. galphimiifolius (A.Fern. & Diniz) A.Fern. GAB IFAN K PRE PSUB SRGH latifolius (Engl.) Nied. = S. pruriens subsp. pruriens (Ammannia evansiana Fernandes & Diniz) pruriens (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. forma brevipedunculatus Nied. = ondongana Koehne subsp. ondongana var. ondongana GAB K S. pruriens subsp. pruriens PRE PSUB SRGH pruriens (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. forma longipedunculatus Nied. = passerinoides (Hiern) Koehne PRE S. pruriens subsp. pruriens (Ammannia passerinoides Hiern) pruriens (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. forma wilmsii (Engl.) Nied. = radicans Guill. & Perr. var. floribunda (Sond.) A.Fern. GAB S. pruriens subsp. pruriens PRE PSUB pruriens (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. subsp. galphimiifolius (A.Juss.) (N. floribunda Sond.) P.D.de Villiers & D.J.Botha K PRE

82 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red MALVACEAE

(Acridocarpus angolensis A.Juss.) fruticosum Guill. & Perr. GAB GRA K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Acridocarpus galphimiifolius A.Juss.) graveolens (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Wight & Arn. = A. hirtum (Acridocarpus pruriens A.Juss.) var. hirtum (Acridocarpus pruriens A.Juss. var. laevigatus Sond.) harmsianum Ulbr. = A. ramosum (S. angolensis (A.Juss.) Planch. ex Oliv.) hirtum (Lam.) Sweet var. hirtum BM GAB GRA K PRE (S. angolensis (A.Juss.) Planch. ex Oliv. var. pulcherrimus PSUB UCBG (Engl. & Gilg) Nied.) (A. graveolens (Roxb. ex Hornem.) (S. galphimiifolius (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. subsp. galphimiifolius) Wight & Arn.) (S. galphimiifolius (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. subsp. rehmannii (A. lugardii Hochr. & Schinz) (Szyszyl.) Launert) (Sida graveolens Roxb.) (S. latifolius (Engl.) Nied.) (Sida hirta Lam.) (S. pruriens (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. forma brevipedunculatus Nied.) intermedium Hochst. ex Garcke = A. angulatum (S. pruriens (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. forma longipedunculatus Nied.) var. angulatum (S. pruriens (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. forma wilmsii (Engl.) Nied.) lugardii Hochr. & Schinz = A. hirtum var. hirtum (S. pruriens (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. var. lanceolatus Launert) membranifolium Baker f. = A. englerianum (S. pruriens (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. var. latifolius Engl.) pycnodon Hochr. GAB PRE (S. pruriens (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. var. platypterus Arènes) ramosum (Cav.) Guill. & Perr. PRE PSUB SRGH (S. pulcherrimus Engl. & Gilg) (A. harmsianum Ulbr.) (S. rehmannii Szyszyl.) (Sida ramosa Cav.) (S. rogersii Burtt Davy) rehmannii Baker f. PRE PSUB (S. transvalicus (Kuntze) Burtt Davy) (A. seineri Ulbr.) (S. wilmsii Engl.) seineri Ulbr. = A. rehmannii (S. woodianus Arènes) (Triaspis transvalica Kuntze) ALLENIA E.Phillips pruriens (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. subsp. pruriens BM GAB PRE urens (L.f.) E.Phillips = Radyera urens PSUB UCBG pruriens (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. var. lanceolatus Launert = S. pruriens ALTHAEA L. subsp. pruriens burchellii DC. = Pavonia burchellii pruriens (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. var. latifolius Engl. = S. pruriens subsp. pruriens AZANZA Alef. pruriens (A.Juss.) Szyszyl. var. platypterus Arènes = S. pruriens garckeana (F.Hoffm.) Exell & Hillc. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG subsp. pruriens (Shantzia garckeana (F.Hoffm.) Lewton) pulcherrimus Engl. & Gilg = S. pruriens subsp. pruriens (Thespesia garckeana F.Hoffm) rehmannii Szyszyl. = S. pruriens subsp. galphimiifolius rogersii Burtt Davy = S. pruriens subsp. galphimiifolius BASTARDIA Kunth transvalicus (Kuntze) Burtt Davy = S. pruriens angulata Guill. & Perr. = Abutilon angulatum var. angulatum subsp. galphimiifolius wilmsii Engl. = S. pruriens subsp. pruriens CIENFUEGOSIA Cav. woodianus Arènes = S. pruriens subsp. galphimiifolius digitata Cav. BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Fugosia digitata (Cav.) Pers.) TRIASPIS Burch. (Modecca digitata Harv.) hypericoides (DC.) Burch. subsp. triphylla (Harv.) K.Schum. = Gossypium triphyllum hypericoides PRE transvalica Kuntze = Sphedamnocarpus pruriens FUGOSIA Juss. subsp. galphimiifolius digitata (Cav.) Pers. = Cienfuegosia digitata triphylla Harv. = Gossypium triphyllum MALVACEAE GOSSYPIUM L. ABUTILON Mill. anomalum Wawra ex Wawra & Peyr. subsp. triphyllum (Harv.) angulatum (Guill. & Perr.) Mast. var. angulatum GAB PRE PSUB Roberty = G. triphyllum UCBG herbaceum L. subsp. africanum (Watt) Vollesen GAB PRE (A. intermedium Hochst. ex Garcke) PSUB UCBG (Bastardia angulata Guill. & Perr.) (G. herbaceum L. var. africanum (Watt) Hutch. & R.L.M.Ghose) austro-africanum Hochr. BM BOL GAB GRA K PRE (G. obtusifolium Roxb. ex G.Don var. africanum Watt) PSUB UCBG (G. transvaalense Watt) englerianum Ulbr. GAB PRE PSUB herbaceum L. var. africanum (Watt) Hutch. & (A. membranifolium Baker f.) R.L.M.Ghose =G. herbaceum subsp. africanum

83 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana MALVACEAE (cont.)

obtusifolium Roxb. ex G.Don var. africanum Watt = lunarifolius Willd. var. dongolensis (Delile) Hochr. = G. herbaceum subsp. africanum H. dongolensis transvaalense Watt = G. herbaceum subsp. africanum mastersianus Hiern BM LISC PRE PSUB SRGH triphyllum (Harv.) Hochr. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (H. beddomei Rakshit & Kundu) (Cienfuegosia triphylla (Harv.) K.Schum.) (H. pachmarhicus Haines) (Fugosia triphylla Harv.) (H. surattensis L. var. mastersianus (Hiern) Hochr.) (G. anomalum Wawra ex Wawra & Peyr. subsp. triphyllum mechowii Garcke PRE (Harv.) Roberty) (H. lancibracteatus De Wild. & T.Durand) meeusei Exell = H. nigricaulis HIBISCUS L. meyeri Harv. subsp. meyeri PRE allenii Sprague & Hutch. PRE PSUB micranthus L.f. var. micranthus GAB PRE PSUB UCBG articulatus Hochst. ex A.Rich. K PSUB mossamedensis (Hiern) Exell & Mendonça = H. (H. eburneopetalus Baker f.) rhabdotospermus (H. rhodesicus Baker f.) mutatus N.E.Br. PRE SRGH atromarginatus Eckl. & Zeyh. = H. pusillus nigricaulis Baker f. PRE beddomei Rakshit & Kundu = H. mastersianus (H. meeusei Exell) caesius Garcke var. caesius GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG pachmarhicus Haines = H. mastersianus (H. gibsonii Harv.) panduriformis Burm.f. GAB (H. pentaphyllus F.Muell.) pentaphyllus F.Muell. = H. caesius var. caesius calyphyllus Cav. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG platycalyx Mast. BM GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG cannabinus L. GAB K PRE PSUB UCBG (H. rogersii Burtt Davy) (H. cannabinus L. var. genuinus Hochr.) (H. seineri Engl.) (H. cannabinus L. var. purpureus A.Howard & G.Howard) praeteritus R.A.Dyer GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (H. cannabinus L. var. ruber A.Howard & G.Howard) pusillus Thunb. CAH K PRE SRGH (H. cannabinus L. var. simplex A.Howard & G.Howard) (H. atromarginatus Eckl. & Zeyh.) (H. cannabinus L. var. viridis A.Howard & G.Howard) rhabdotospermus Garcke K (H. cannabinus L. var. vulgaris A.Howard & G.Howard) (H. cordatus Hochst. ex Webb) (H. sabdariffa L.) (H. mossamedensis (Hiern) Exell & Mendonça) (H. sabdariffa L. subsp. cannabinus (L.) Panigrahi & Murti) rhodesicus Baker f. = H. articulatus cannabinus L. var. genuinus Hochr. = H. cannabinus rogersii Burtt Davy = H. platycalyx cannabinus L. var. purpureus A.Howard & G.Howard = sabdariffa L. = H. cannabinus H. cannabinus sabdariffa L. subsp. cannabinus (L.) Panigrahi & Murti = cannabinus L. var. ruber A.Howard & G.Howard = H. cannabinus H. cannabinus schinzii Gürke BM CAH GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG cannabinus L. var. simplex A.Howard & G.Howard = (H. swynnertonii Baker f.) H. cannabinus seineri Engl. = H. platycalyx cannabinus L. var. viridis A.Howard & G.Howard = sidiformis Baill. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG H. cannabinus (H. ternatus (Cav.) Mast.) cannabinus L. var. vulgaris A.Howard & G.Howard = (H. ternifoliolus F.W.Andrews) H. cannabinus solandra L’Hér. = H. lobatus cordatus Hochst. ex Webb. = H. rhabdotospermus subphysaloides Hochr. = H. engleri diversifolius Jacq. subsp. rivularis (Bremek. & Oberm.) Exell subreniformis Burtt Davy PRE SRGH UCBG var. rivularis GAB PRE PSUB SRGH S surattensis L. var. mastersianus (Hiern) Hochr. = H. mastersianus dongolensis Delile BM GAB PRE PSUB SRGH swynnertonii Baker f. = H. schinzii (H. lunarifolius Willd. var. dongolensis (Delile) Hochr.) ternatus (Cav.) Mast. = H. sidiformis eburneopetalus Baker f. = H. articulatus ternifoliolus F.W.Andrews = H. sidiformis engleri K.Schum. PRE UCBG trionum L. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (H. irritans R.A.Dyer) upingtoniae Gürke PRE (H. subphysaloides Hochr.) urens L.f. = Radyera urens gibsonii Harv. = H. caesius var. caesius vitifolius L. subsp. vulgaris Brenan & Exell BM GAB LISC irritans R.A.Dyer = H. engleri PRE PSUB SRGH kirkii Mast. K (H. vitifolius L. var. genuinus Hochr.) lancibracteatus De Wild. & T.Durand = H. mechowii vitifolius L. var. genuinus Hochr. = H. vitifolius ✹lobatus (Murray) Kuntze PRE PSUB subsp. vulgaris (H. solandra L’Hér.) (Solandra lobata Murray) KOSTELETZKYA C.Presl lunarifolius Willd. PRE UCBG buettneri Gürke GAB PRE PSUB S

84 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red MELASTOMATACEAE

MALVA L. rostrata Schumach. = Wissadula rostrata coromandeliana L. = Malvastrum coromandelianum spinosa L. = S. alba tricuspidata R.Br. = Malvastrum coromandelianum urens L.f = Radyera urens velutina Willd. ex Spreng. = S. cordifolia MALVASTRUM A.Gray ✹coromandelianum (L.) Garcke PRE THESPESIA Sol. ex Corrêa (Malva coromandeliana L.) garckeana F.Hoffm. = Azanza garckeana (Malva tricuspidata R.Br.) (M. tricuspidatum A.Gray) WISSADULA Medik. tricuspidatum A.Gray = M. coromandelianum amplissima R.E.Fr. var. rostrata (Schumach.) R.E.Fr. = W. rostrata PAVONIA Cav. ro strata (Schumach.) Hook.f. BM GAB LISC PRE SRGH UCBG baumii Gürke = P. senegalensis (Sida rostrata Schumach.) burchellii (DC.) R.A.Dyer BM GAB PRE UCBG (W. amplissima R.E.Fr. var. rostrata (Schumach.) R.E.Fr.) (Althaea burchellii DC.) (P. macrophylla E.Mey. ex Harv.) MELASTOMATACEAE (P. patens (Andrews) Chiov.) clathrata Mast. BM GAB K PRE PSUB UCBG ANTHEROTOMA (Naudin) Hook.f. (P. schumanniana Gürke & Schinz) debilis (Sond.) Jacq.-Fél. GAB PRE PSUB hirsuta Guill. & Perr. = P. senegalensis (Dissotis debilis (Sond.) Triana var. debilis) macrophylla E.Mey. ex Harv. = P. burchellii (Dissotis debilis (Sond.) Triana var. lanceolata (Cogn.) A.Fern. patens (Andrews) Chiov. = P. burchellii & R.Fern.) schumanniana Gürke & Schinz = P. clathrata (Dissotis debilis (Sond.) Triana var. pedicellata A.Fern. senegalensis (Cav.) Leistner BM BOL GAB LISC PRE & R.Fern.) PSUB SRGH UCBG (Dissotis debilis (Sond.) Triana var. postpluvialis (Gilg) A.Fern. (P. baumii Gürke) & R.Fern.) (P. hirsuta Guill. & Perr.) (Dissotis debilis (Sond.) Triana var. prostrata A.Fern. & R.Fern.) RADYERA Bullock (Dissotis debilis (Sond.) Triana var. pusilla (R.E.Fr.) A.Fern. urens (L.f.) Bullock PRE & R.Fern.) (Allenia urens (L.f.) E.Phillips) (Hibiscus urens L.f.) DISSOTIS Benth. debilis (Sond.) Triana var. debilis = Antherotoma debilis SHANTZIA Lewton debilis (Sond.) Triana var. lanceolata (Cogn.) A.Fern. & R.Fern. garckeana (F.Hoffm.) Lewton = Azanza garckeana = Antherotoma debilis debilis (Sond.) Triana var. pedicellata A.Fern. & R.Fern. SIDA L. = Antherotoma debilis alba L. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG debilis (Sond.) Triana var. postpluvialis (Gilg) A.Fern. & R.Fern. aurescens Ulbr. = S. ovata = Antherotoma debilis chrysantha Ulbr. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG debilis (Sond.) Triana var. prostrata A.Fern. & R.Fern. cordifolia L. BM GAB GRA K PRE PSUB UCBG = Antherotoma debilis (S. velutina Willd. ex Spreng.) debilis (Sond.) Triana var. pusilla (R.E.Fr.) A.Fern. & R.Fern. dinteriana Hochr. = S. ovata = Antherotoma debilis dregei Burtt Davy UCBG princeps (Kunth) Triana var. princeps PRE flexuosa Burtt Davy = S. ovata (Rhexia principes Kunth) graveolens Roxb. = Abutilon hirtum var. hirtum (D. verticillata De Wild.) grewioides Guill. & Perr. = S. ovata segregata (Benth.) Hook.f. = Melastomastrum segregatum hirta Lam. = Abutilon hirtum var. hirtum forma segregatum hoepfneri Gürke = S. ovata verticillata De Wild. = D. princeps var. princeps ovata Forssk. BM BOL GAB GRA K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (S. aurescens Ulbr.) HETEROTIS Benth. (S. dinteriana Hochr.) segregata Benth. = Melastomastrum segregatum forma (S. flexuosa Burtt Davy) segregatum (S. grewioides Guill. & Perr.) (S. hoepfneri Gürke) MELASTOMASTRUM Naudin ramosa Cav. = Abutilon ramosum segregatum (Benth.) A.Fern. & R.Fern. forma segregatum PRE rhombifolia L. subsp. rhombifolia PRE PSUB UCBG (Dissotis segregata (Benth.) Hook.f.)

85 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana MELASTOMATACEAE (cont.)

(Heterotis segregata Benth.) COCCULUS DC. ✹hirsutus (L.) Diels GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG RHEXIA L. (C. villosus DC.) principes Kunth = Dissotis princeps var. princeps (Menispermum hirsutum L.) (Menispermum villosum Lam.) MELIACEAE villosus DC. = C. hirsutus

EKEBERGIA Sparrm. DESMONEMA Miers capensis Sparrm. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH caffrum Miers = Tinospora caffra (E. meyeri C.Presl & C.DC.) fragosum I.Verd. = Tinospora fragosa (Trichilia ekebergia E.Mey. ex Sond.) tenerum (Miers) Diels = Tinospora tenera meyeri C.Presl & C.DC. = E. capensis HYALOSEPALUM Troupin ENTANDROPHRAGMA C.DC. caffrum (Miers) Troupin = Tinospora caffra caudatum (Sprague) Sprague FHO GAB K PRE PSUB tenerum (Miers) Troupin = Tinospora tenera (Pseudocedrela caudata Sprague) MENISPERMUM L. MELIA L. hirsutum L. = Cocculus hirsutus ✹azedarach L. GAB PRE UCBG Ö villosum Lam. = Cocculus hirsutus

PSEUDOCEDRELA Harms TINOSPORA Miers caudata Sprague = Entandrophragma caudatum caffra (Miers) Troupin GAB PRE � (Desmonema caffrum Miers) TRICHILIA P.Browne (Hyalosepalum caffrum (Miers) Troupin) ekebergia E.Mey. ex Sond. = Ekebergia capensis fragosa (I.Verd.) I.Verd. & Troupin PRE emetica Vahl subsp. emetica GAB K PRE PSUB UCBG (Desmonema fragosum I.Verd.) (T. roka Chiov.) tenera Miers GAB PSUB � roka Chiov. = T. emetica subsp. emetica (Desmonema tenerum (Miers) Diels) (Hyalosepalum tenerum (Miers) Troupin) TURRAEA L. nilotica Klotschy & Peyr. var. nilotica GAB PRE MENYANTHACEAE oblancifolia Bremek. = T. obtusifolia obtusifolia Hochst. BM GAB K PRE PSUB UCBG LIMNANTHEMUM S.Gmelin (T. oblancifolia Bremek.) abyssinicum N.E.Br. = Nymphoides brevipedicellata (T. obtusifolia Hochst. var. microphylla C.DC.) brevipedicellatum Vatke = Nymphoides brevipedicellata obtusifolia Hochst. var. microphylla C.DC. = T. obtusifolia forbesianum Griseb. = Nymphoides forbesiana zambesica Sprague & Hutch. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG niloticum Kotschy & Peyr. = Nymphoides forbesiana thunbergianum Griseb. = Nymphoides thunbergiana MENISPERMACEAE MENYANTHES L. ANTIZOMA Miers indica L. = Nymphoides indica subsp. occidentalis angustifolia (Burch.) Miers ex Harv. GAB PRE UCBG (A. burchelliana Miers ex Harv.) NYMPHOIDES Séguier (A. harveyana Miers ex Harv.) brevipedicellata (Vatke) A.Raynal GAB K PRE PSUB (Cissampelos angustifolius Burch.) SRGH UCBG S burchelliana Miers ex Harv. = A. angustifolia (Limnanthemum abyssinicum N.E.Br.) harveyana Miers ex Harv. = A. angustifolia (Limnanthemum brevipedicellatum Vatke) forbesiana (Griseb.) Kuntze SRGH S CISSAMPELOS L. (Limnanthemum forbesianum Griseb.) angustifolius Burch. = Antizoma angustifolia (Limnanthemum niloticum Kotschy & Peyr.) macrostachya Klotzsch = C. mucronata indica (L.) Kuntze subsp. occidentalis A.Raynal BM GAB mucronata A.Rich. BR GAB PRE PSUB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S (C. macrostachya Klotzsch) (Menyanthes indica L.) (C. pareira L. var. mucronata (A.Rich.) Engl.) rautanenii (N.E.Br.) A.Raynal GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S (C. sinensis Klotzsch) tenuissima A.Raynal GAB PSUB UCBG pareira L. var. mucronata (A.Rich.) Engl. = C. mucronata thunbergiana (Griseb.) Kuntze K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S sinensis Klotzsch = C. mucronata (Limnanthemum thunbergianum Griseb.)

86 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red MOLLUGINACEAE

MESEMBRYANTHEMACEAE lotoides L. var. virens Fenzl K PRE oppositifolius (L.) DC. var. oppositifolius GAB LISC PRE SRGH � DELOSPERMA N.E.Br. emend. Lavis (Mollugo oppositifolius L.) herbeum (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. PRE � (Mollugo serrulata Sond.) macellum (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. PRE � mahonii (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. PRE �s HYPERTELIS E.Mey. ex Fenzl (Mesembryanthemum mahonii N.E.Br.) bowkeriana Sond. GAB K LISC PRE SRGH UCBG � steytlerae L.Bolus PRE � (Mollugo suffruticosa Peter) salsoloides (Burch.) Adamson var. salsoloides GAB LITHOPS N.E.Br. (Pharnaceum salsoloides Burch.) lesliei (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. subsp. lesliei PRE � (Pharnaceum verrucosum Eckl. & Zeyh.) (L. lesliei (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. var. lesliei cv. "albiflora" D.T.Cole) (L. lesliei (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. var. lesliei cv. "albinica" D.T.Cole) LIMEUM L. (L. lesliei (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. var. luteoviridis de Boer) aethiopicum Burtt Davy = L. argute-carinatum var. (Mesembryanthemum ferrugineum Schwantes) argute-carinatum (Mesembryanthemum lesliei N.E.Br.) aethiopicum Burm. subsp. aethiopicum var. aethiopicum lesliei (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. var. lesliei cv. "albiflora" D.T.Cole = LISC PSUB SRGH L. lesliei subsp. lesliei (L. aethiopicum Burm. var. glabrum Moq.) lesliei (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. var. lesliei cv. "albinica" D.T.Cole = aethiopicum Burm. subsp. namaense Friedrich var. namaense L. lesliei subsp. lesliei K PRE SRGH lesliei (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. var. luteoviridis de Boer = L. lesliei (L. suffruticosum G.Schellenb.) subsp. lesliei aethiopicum Burm. var. glabrum Moq. = L. aethiopicum subsp. namaense var. namaense MESEMBRYANTHEMUM L. emend. L.Bolus africanum L. subsp. africanum PRE ferrugineum Schwantes = Lithops lesliei subsp. lesliei arenicolum G.Schellenb. K PRE SRGH lesliei N.E.Br. = Lithops lesliei subsp. lesliei argute-carinatum Wawra ex Wawra & Peyr. var. argute- longistylum DC. PRE � carinatum GAB PRE UCBG (Sphalmanthus vigilans (L.Bolus) L.Bolus) (L. aethiopicum Burtt Davy) mahonii N.E.Br. = Delosperma mahonii (L. kwebense N.E.Br.) (L. viscosum Burtt Davy) MESTOKLEMA N.E.Br. ex Glen argute-carinatum Wawra ex Wawra & Peyr. var. kwebense tuberosum (L.) N.E.Br. ex Glen GAB � (N.E.Br.) Friedr. K LISC SRGH fenestratum (Fenzl) Heimerl var. fenestratum GAB LISC NANANTHUS N.E.Br. PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG margaritiferus L.Bolus PRE ♦� (Semonvillea fenestrata Fenzl) transvaalensis (Rolfe) L.Bolus = N. vittatus humifusum Friedrich PRE vittatus (N.E.Br.) Schwant. � kwebense N.E.Br. = L. argute-carinatum var. kwebense (N. transvaalensis (Rolfe) L.Bolus) myosotis H.Walter var. confusum Friedrich PRE PSUB (L. pseudomyosotis G.Schellenb.) RUSCHIA Schwant. myosotis H.Walter var. myosotis GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH canonotata (L.Bolus) Schwant. GAB � myosotis H.Walter var. rotundifolia Friedrich PRE natalense G.Schellenb. = L. viscosum subsp. viscosum var. SPHALMANTHUS N.E.Br. kraussii vigilans (L.Bolus) L.Bolus = Mesembryanthemum longistylum neglectum Dinter = L. pterocarpum var. pterocarpum pseudomyosotis G.Schellenb. = L. myosotis var. confusum STOMATIUM Schwantes pterocarpum (J.Gay) Heimerl var. apterum Friedrich PRE mustellinum (Salm-Dyck) Schwantes PRE UCBG � (L. neglectum Dinter) (Semonvillea pterocarpa J.Gay) MOLLUGINACEAE pterocarpum (J.Gay) Heimerl var. pterocarpum GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH CORBICHONIA Scop. suffruticosum G.Schellenb. = L. aethiopicum subsp. namaense decumbens (Forssk.) Exell GAB PRE SRGH UCBG var. namaense (Orygia decumbens Forssk.) sulcatum (Klotzsch) Hutch. var. gracile Friedrich PRE GLINUS L. sulcatum (Klotzsch) Hutch. var. robustum Friedrich GAB PRE bainesii (Oliv.) Pax GAB LISC PRE SRGH UCBG PSUB UCBG (Mollugo bainesii Oliv.) sulcatum (Klotzsch) Hutch. var. sulcatum GAB K LISC PRE ✹lotoides L. var. lotoides GAB PRE UCBG PSUB SRGH UCBG

87 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana MOLLUGINACEAE (cont.)

viscosum Burtt Davy = L. argute-carinatum var. argute- (F. welwitschii Warb.) carinatum cordata Thunb. subsp. salicifolia (Vahl) C.C.Berg = F. salicifolia viscosum (J.Gay) Fenzl subsp. viscosum var. dubium erici-rosenii R.E.Fr. = F. petersii Friedrich PRE Z fischeri Warb. ex Mildbr. & Burret GAB K viscosum (J.Gay) Fenzl subsp. viscosum var. kraussii Friedrich PRE PSUB SRGH K PRE PSUB SRGH (F. kiloneura Hornby) (L. natalense G.Schellenb.) glumosa Delile s viscosum (J.Gay) Fenzl subsp. viscosum var. macrocarpum ingens (Miq.) Miq. var. Friedrich PRE PSUB ingens GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG viscosum (J.Gay) Fenzl subsp. viscosum var. viscosum LISC (F. ingens Miq. var. tomentosa Hutch.) PRE PSUB SRGH (F. ingens Miq. var. tristis Warb.) (Urostigma ingens Miq.) MOLLUGO L. ingens Miq. var. tomentosa Hutch. = F. ingens var. ingens bainesii Oliv. = Glinus bainesii ingens Miq. var. tristis Warb. = F. ingens var. ingens cerviana (L.) Ser. ex DC. var. cerviana GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG kiloneura Hornby = F. fischeri (Pharnaceum cervianum L.) lichtensteinii Link = F. sur ✹nudicaulis Lam. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG natalensis Hochst. subsp. natalensis GAB PSUB oppositifolius L. = Glinus oppositifolius var. oppositifolius nigropunctata Mildbr. & Burret SRGH serrulata Sond. = Glinus oppositifolius var. oppositifolius ovata Vahl PSUB suffruticosa Peter = Hypertelis bowkeriana (F. brachypoda Hutch.) petersii Warb. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ORYGIA Forssk. (F. erici-rosenii R.E.Fr.) decumbens Forssk. = Corbichonia decumbens (F. thonningii Blume in part) portulacifolia Forssk. = Talinum portulacifolium pretoriae Burtt Davy = F. salicifolia pygmaea Welw. ex Hiern GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH S PHARNACEUM L. (F. brevicula Hiern) cerviana L. = Mollugo cerviana var. cerviana rupium Dinter = F. cordata subsp. cordata salsoloides Burch. = Hypertelis salsoloides var. salsoloides salicifolia Vahl GAB PRE SRGH UCBG verrucosum Eckl. & Zeyh. = Hypertelis salsoloides var. salsoloides (F. cordata Thunb. subsp. salicifolia (Vahl) C.C.Berg) (F. pretoriae Burtt Davy) SEMONVILLEA J.Gay smutsii I.Verd. = F. tettensis fenestrata Fenzl = Limeum fenestratum var. fenestratum soldanella Warb. = F. abutilifolia pterocarpa J.Gay = Limeum pterocarpum var. pterocarpum sonderi Miq. = F. glumosa sur Forssk. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG MONTINIACEAE (F. capensis Thunb.) (F. lichtensteinii Link) MONTINIA Thunb. (Sycomorus thonningiana Miq.) caryophyllacea Thunb. K PRE SRGH sycomorus L. subsp. sycomorus GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG (Sycomorus antiquorum Gasp.) MORACEAE tettensis Hutch. GAB K PRE SRGH (F. smutsii I.Verd.) FICUS L. thonningii Blume in part = F. petersii abutilifolia (Miq.) Miq. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG � verruculosa Warb. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S (F. soldanella Warb.) welwitschii Warb. = F. cordata subsp. cordata (Urostigma abutilifolium Miq.) antithetophylla Miq. = F. capreifolia SYCOMORUS Gasp. barbata Warb. = F. glumosa antiquorum Gasp. = Ficus sycomorus subsp. sycomorus brachypoda Hutch. = F. ovata Vahl thonningiana Miq. = Ficus sur brevicula Hiern = F. pygmaea burkei (Miq.) Miq. PRE UROSTIGMA Gasp. capensis Thunb. = F. sur abutilifolium Miq. = Ficus abutilifolia capreifolia Delile GAB LISC PRE PSUB SRGH ingens Miq. = Ficus ingens var. ingens (F. antithetophylla Miq.) (F. capreifolia Delile var. ovalifolia Hutch.) MORINGACEAE capreifolia Delile var. ovalifolia Hutch. = F. capreifolia cordata Thunb. subsp. cordata GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH MORINGA Adans. (F. rupium Dinter) ✹oleifera Lam. GAB UCBG

88 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red NYMPHAEACEAE

ovalifolia Dinter & A.Berger UCBG � (B. bracteata T.Cooke) (B. diffusa L. var. hirsuta Heimerl) MYRICACEAE (B. diffusa L. var. viscosa (Lag. & Rodr.) Heimerl) (B. marlothii Heimerl) MORELLA Lour. diffusa L. var. hirsuta Heimerl = B. coccinea var. coccinea serrata (Lam.) Killick GAB PRE PSUB SRGH diffusa L. var. viscosa (Lag. & Rodr.) Heimerl = B. coccinea (Myrica mossii Burtt Davy) var. coccinea (Myrica serrata Lam.) ✹diffusa L. var. diffusa GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (B. adscendens Willd.) MYRICA L. ✹erecta L. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG mossii Burtt Davy = Morella serrata helenae Roem. & Schult. = Commicarpus helenae var. helenae serrata Lam. = Morella serrata marlothii Heimerl = B. coccinea var. coccinea pentandra Burch. = Commicarpus pentandrus MYROTHAMNACEAE plumbaginea Cav. = Commicarpus plumbagineus var. plumbagineus MYROTHAMNUS Welw. repens L. SRGH UCBG flabellifolius Welw. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG (Cliffortia flabellifolia Sond.) COMMICARPUS Standl. africanus of authors not of (Lour.) Dandy GAB UCBG MYRTACEAE decipiens Meikle PRE fallacissimus (Heimerl) Heimerl ex Oberm. Schweick. & SYZYGIUM Gaertn. I.Verd. PRE UCBG cordatum Hochst. ex C.Krauss var. cordatum PSUB SRGH (C. fallacissimus (Heimerl) Pohnert) (S. cordifolium Klotzsch) fallacissimus (Heimerl) Pohnert = C. fallacissimus cordatum x S. guineense K helenae (Roem. & Schult.) Meikle var. helenae K PRE cordifolium Klotzsch = S. cordatum var. cordatum SRGH UCBG gerrardii (Harv. ex Hook.f.) Burtt Davy s (Boerhavia helenae Roem. & Schult.) guineense (Willd.) DC. subsp. barotsense F.White FHO pentandrus (Burch.) Heimerl GAB K LISC MO PRE SRGH UCBG GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (Boerhavia pentandra Burch.) guineense (Willd.) DC. subsp. guineense PRE pilosus (Heimerl) Meikle K MO PRE SRGH UCBG intermedium Engl. & Brehmer PRE plumbagineus (Cav.) Standl. var. plumbagineus K LISC LMU PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG NEURADACEAE (Boerhavia plumbaginea Cav.) squarrosus (Heimerl) Standl. UCBG GRIELUM L. cuneifolium Schinz PRE ♦ NACHTIGALIA Schinz humifusum Thunb. var. humifusum PRE protectoratus Schinz ex Engl. = Phaeoptilum spinosum sinuatum Licht. ex Burch. PRE PHAEOPTILUM Radlk. NEURADA L. heimerli Engl. = P. spinosum austroafricana Schinz = Neuradopsis austro-africana spinosum Radlk. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG (Amphoranthus spinosus S.Moore) NEURADOPSIS Bremek. & Oberm. (Nachtigalia protectoratus Schinz ex Engl.) austro-africana (Schinz) Bremek. & Oberm. GAB PRE SRGH (P. heimerli Engl.) (Neurada austroafricana Schinz) bechuanensis Bremek. & Schweick. BM GAB K LISC NYMPHAEACEAE PRE SRGH UCBG NYMPHAEA L. NYCTAGINACEAE caerulea Savigny = N. nouchali var. caerulea calliantha Conard = N. nouchali var. caerulea AMPHORANTHUS Moore capensis Thunb. var. alba K.C.Landon = N. nouchali var. caerulea spinosus S.Moore = Phaeoptilum spinosum capensis Thunb. var. capensis = N. nouchali var. caerulea erici-rosenii R.E.Fr. = N. maculata BOERHAVIA L. heudelotii Planch. = N. maculata adscendens Willd. = B. diffusa var. diffusa heudelotii (Planch.) var. nana Conard = N. maculata bracteata T.Cooke = B. coccinea var. coccinea lotus L. BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S coccinea Mill. var. coccinea K MO PRE SRGH UCBG maculata Schumach. & Thonn. K SRGH S

89 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana NYMPHAEACEAE (cont.)

(N. erici-rosenii R.E.Fr.) (J. tomentosum Knobl.) (N. heudelotii Planch.) tettense Klotzsch = J. fluminense subsp. fluminense (N. heudelotii (Planch.) var. nana Conard) tomentosum Knobl. = J. stenolobum mildbraedii Gilg = N. nouchali var. caerulea nelsonii Burtt Davy = N. nouchali var. caerulea MENODORA Bonpl. nouchali Burm.f. var. caerulea (Savigny) Verdc. BM GAB K africana Hook. PRE PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S heterophylla Moric. ex DC. var. australis Steyerm. GAB K PRE SRGH (N. caerulea Savigny) (X. rogersii Burtt Davy) (N. calliantha Conard) (N. capensis Thunb. var. alba K.C.Landon) OLEA L. (N. capensis Thunb. var. capensis) africana Mill. = O. europaea subsp. africana (N. mildbraedii Gilg) europaea L. subsp. africana (Mill.) P.S.Green GAB PRE (N. nelsonii Burtt Davy) SRGH UCBG (N. spectabilis Gilg) (O. africana Mill.) nouchali Burm.f. var. ovalifolia (Conard) Verdc. PRE SRGH UCBG S (N. vernayi Bremek. & Oberm.) SCHREBERA Roxb. nouchali Burm.f. var. petersiana (Klotzsch) Verdc. GAB buchananii Baker = S. trichoclada PRE UCBG S golungensis Welw. = S. trichoclada (N. petersiana Klotzsch) trichoclada Welw. PRE PSUB SRGH petersiana Klotzsch = N. nouchali var. petersiana (S. buchananii Baker) spectabilis Gilg = N. nouchali var. caerulea (S. golungensis Welw.) vernayi Bremek. & Oberm. = N. nouchali var. ovalifolia ONAGRACEAE OCHNACEAE EPILOBIUM L. OCHNA L. salignum Hausskn. GAB PRE PSUB S cinnabarina Engl. & Gilg GAB PRE PSUB UCBG glauca I.Verd. GAB PRE UCBG ISNARDIA L. inermis (Forssk.) Schweinf. ex Penzig GAB PRE UCBG palustris L. = Ludwigia palustris pretoriensis E.Phillips GAB PRE UCBG pulchra Hook.f. subsp. pulchra GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG JUSSIAEA L. diffusa Forssk. = Ludwigia adscendens subsp. diffusa OLACACEAE erecta L. = Ludwigia erecta leptocarpa Nutt. = Ludwigia leptocarpa OLAX L. dissitiflora Oliv. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH LUDWIGIA L. (O. stuhlmanni Engl.) abyssinica A.Rich. GAB PRE PSUB S stuhlmanni Engl. = O. dissitiflora adscendens (L.) Hara subsp. diffusa (Forssk.) P.H.Raven GAB K PRE SRGH S XIMENIA L. (Jussiaea diffusa Forssk.) aegyptiaca L. = Balanites aegyptiaca var. aegyptiaca (L. stolonifera (Guill. & Perr.) P.H.Raven) americana L. var. americana GAB K PRE PSUB UCBG erecta (L.) Hara GAB PSUB SRGH UCBG S (Ximenia aegyptiaca L.) (Jussiaea erecta L.) americana L. var. microphylla Welw. ex Oliv. GAB K PRE UCBG leptocarpa (Nutt.) Hara GAB PRE PSUB S caffra Sond. var. caffra GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Jussiaea leptocarpa Nutt.) caffra Sond. var. natalensis Sond. GAB UCBG octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven GAB PRE S rogersii Burtt Davy = X. americana var. microphylla (L. octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven subsp. brevisepala (Brenan) P.H.Raven) OLEACEAE (L. octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven subsp. sessiliflora (Micheli) P.H.Raven) JASMINUM L. octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven subsp. brevisepala (Brenan) fluminense Vell. subsp. fluminense GAB K LISC PRE SRGH UCBG P.H.Raven = L. octovalvis (J. mauritanium Bojer ex DC.) octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H.Raven subsp. sessiliflora (Micheli) (J. tettense Klotzsch) P.H.Raven = L. octovalvis mauritanium Bojer ex DC. = J. fluminense subsp. fluminense palustris (L.) Elliott GAB PRE PSUB SRGH S rotundatum Knobl. = J. stenolobum (Isnardia palustris L.) stenolobum Rolfe GAB PRE SRGH UCBG(J. rotundatum Knobl.) perennis L. s

90 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red PEDALIACEAE

senegalensis (DC.) Troch. Ss pedata (Baker f.) W.J.de Wilde COI GAB K PRE SRGH stenorraphe (Brenan) Hara subsp. macrosepala (Brenan) (Tryphostemma pedatum Baker f.) Raven GAB PRE S stolonifera (Guill. & Perr.) P.H.Raven = L. adscendens subsp. diﬀusa MODECCA Lam. digitata Harv. = Adenia digitata OENOTHERA L. glauca Schinz = Adenia glauca ✹indecora Cambess. GAB UCBG repanda (Burch.) Druce = Adenia repanda ✹rosea L’Hér. ex Aiton GAB PRE PSUB UCBG PAROPSIA Noronha ex Thouars OXALIDACEAE brazzeana Baill. GAB PRE SRGH

OXALIS L. PASCHANTHUS Burch. commutata Sond. var. pusilla R.Knuth = O. depressa repandus Burch. = Adenia repanda convexula Jacq. var. dilatata Eckl. & Zeyh. = O. depressa ✹corniculata L. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH TRYPHOSTEMMA Harv. (O. repens Thunb.) hanningtonianum Mast. = Basananthe henningtoniana dammeriana Schltr. = O. depressa heterophyllum (Schinz) Engl. = Basananthe heterophylla depressa Eckl. & Zeyh. PRE UCBG pedatum Baker f. = Basananthe pedata (O. commutata Sond. var. pusilla R.Knuth) (O. convexula Jacq. var. dilatata Eckl. & Zeyh.) PEDALIACEAE (O. dammeriana Schltr.) (O. otaviensis R.Knuth) CERATOTHECA Endl. lawsonii F.Bolus UCBG lamiifolia (Engl.) Engl. = C. triloba obliquifolia Steud. ex A.Rich. GAB PRE UCBG sesamoides Endl. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH otaviensis R.Knuth = O. depressa (Sesamum heudelotii Stapf) purpurascens T.M.Salter PRE triloba (Bernh.) Hook.f. GAB K M PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG repens Thunb. = O. corniculata (C. lamiifolia (Engl.) Engl.) semiloba Sond. subsp. semiloba BM GAB PRE UCBG (Sporledera triloba Bernh.)

PAPAVERACEAE DICEROCARYUM Bojer eriocarpum (Decne.) Abels GAB M PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ARGEMONE L. (D. zanguebarium (Lour.) Merr. subsp. eriocarpum ✹mexicana L. GAB PSUB SRGH UCBG Ö (Decne.) Ihlenf.) mexicana L. var. ochroleuca (Sweet) Lindl. = (Pretrea eriocarpa Decne.) A. ochroleuca subsp. ochroleuca senecioides (Klotzsch) Abels subsp. senecioides PRE SRGH ✹ochroleuca Sweet subsp. ochroleuca PRE UCBG Ö (Pretrea senecioides Klotzsch) (A. mexicana L. var. ochroleuca (Sweet) Lindl.) senecioides (Klotzsch) Abels subsp. transvaalense Abels PRE (A. subfusiformis G.B.Ownbey) zanguebarium (Lour.) Merr. subsp. eriocarpum (Decne.) Ihlenf. = subfusiformis G.B.Ownbey = A. ochroleuca subsp. ochroleuca D. eriocarpum

PASSIFLORACEAE HARPAGOPHYTUM DC. ex Meisn. burchellii Decne. = H. procumbens subsp. procumbens ADENIA Forssk. peglerae Stapf = H. zeyheri subsp. zeyheri digitata (Harv.) Engl. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG � pinnatiﬁdum Engl. = Pterodiscus speciosus fruticosa Burtt Davy subsp. simplicifolia W.J.de Wilde PRE � procumbens (Burch.) DC. ex Meisn. subsp. procumbens GAB glauca Schinz K PRE UCBG � K PRE PSUB UCBG ♦� (Modecca glauca Schinz) (H. burchellii Decne.) repanda (Burch.) Engl. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH � (Uncaria procumbens Burch.) (Modecca repanda (Burch.) Druce) procumbens (Burch.) DC. ex Meisn. subsp. transvaalense (Paschanthus repandus Burch.) Ihlenf. & H.E.K.Hartmann PRE ♦� spinosa Burtt Davy PRE � procumbens (Burch.) DC. ex Meisn. var. sublobatum Engl. = H. zeyheri subsp. sublobatum BASANANTHE Peyr. zeyheri Decne. subsp. schijﬃi Ihlenf. & H.E.K.Hartmann PRE hanningtoniana (Mast.) W.J.de Wilde GAB PSUB zeyheri Decne. subsp. sublobatum (Engl.) Ihlenf. & (Tryphostemma hanningtonianum Mast.) H.E.K.Hartmann AB K PRE SRGH UCBG heterophylla Schinz K PRE SRGH UCBG (H. procumbens (Burch.) DC. ex Meisn. var. sublobatum Engl.) (Tryphostemma heterophyllum (Schinz) Engl.) zeyheri Decne. subsp. zeyheri BR GAB K SRGH UCBG ♦�

91 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana PEDALIACEAE (cont.)

(H. peglerae Stapf) (Microtea polystachya N.E.Br.) HOLUBIA Oliv. (Microtea polystachya Turcz.) saccata Oliv. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � (Wallinia polystachya (Turcz.) Moq.) tenuissimus Hook.f. GAB K MO PRE PSUB UCBG PRETREA J.Gay ex Meisn. (Microtea tenuissima N.E.Br.) eriocarpa Decne. = Dicerocaryum eriocarpum senecioides Klotzsch = Dicerocaryum senecioides MICROTEA Swartz burchellii (Hook.f.) N.E.Br. = Lophiocarpus polystachyus PTERODISCUS Hook. gracilis A.W.Hill = Lophiocarpus polystachyus aurantiacus Welw. K SRGH � polystachya N.E.Br. = Lophiocarpus polystachyus ngamicus N.E.Br. ex Stapf GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � polystachya Turcz. = Lophiocarpus polystachyus This widespread species has been misinterpreted as Pterodiscus tenuissima N.E.Br. = Lophiocarpus tenuissimus luridus Hook.f.; the true P. luridus has a very restricted distribution area near the southern coast of South Africa (FZ 8(3): 92-93). Therefore, PHYTOLACCA L. specimens labled P. luridus at GAB PRE PSUB and UCBG probably ✹dioica L. GAB PRE UCBG �Ö belong to P. ngamicus. dodecandra L’Hér. �s speciosus Hook. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG � (Harpagophytum pinnatifidum Engl.) WALLINIA Moq. SESAMOTHAMNUS Welw. polystachya (Turcz.) Moq. = Lophiocarpus polystachyus lugardii N.E.Br. ex Stapf BM GAB K PRE SRGH � (S. seineri Engl.) PITTOSPORACEAE seineri Engl. = S. lugardii PITTOSPORUM Banks ex Sol. SESAMUM L. commutatum Putt. = P. viridiflorum alatum Thonn. GAB M PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG floribundum Wight & Arn. = P. viridiflorum angustifolium of author not of (Oliv.) Engl. = S. calycinum viridiflorum Sims s subsp. baumii (P. commutatum Putt.) baumii Stapf = S. calycinum subsp. baumii (P. floribundum Wight & Arn.) calycinum Welw. subsp. baumii (Stapf) Seidenst. GAB PRE PSUB (S. angustifolium of author not of (Oliv.) Engl.) PLANTAGINACEAE (S. baumii Stapf) (S. calycinum Welw. var. angustifolium (Oliv.) Ihlenf. PLANTAGO L. & Seidenst.) ✹lanceolata L. GAB K LISC PRE SRGH calycinum Welw. var. angustifolium (Oliv.) Ihlenf. & Seidenst. = S. calycinum subsp. baumii PLUMBAGINACEAE capense Burm.f. PRE UCBG gibbosum Bremek. & Oberm. = S. triphyllum var. triphyllum PLUMBAGO L. heudelotii Stapf = Ceratotheca sesamoides zeylanica L. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG triphyllum Welw. ex Asch. var. triphyllum GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG PODOSTEMACEAE (S. gibbosum Bremek. & Oberm.) DICRAEIA Thouars SPORLEDERA Bernh. tenax C.H.Wright = Ledermanniella tenax triloba Bernh. = Ceratotheca triloba INVERSODICRAEA Engl. UNCARIA Burch. tenax (C.H.Wright) Engl. ex R.E.Fr. = Ledermanniella tenax procumbens Burch. = Harpagophytum procumbens subsp. procumbens LEDERMANNIELLA Engl. tenax (C.H.Wright) C.Cusset K SRGH PHYTOLACCACEAE (Dicraeia tenax C.H.Wright) (Inversodicraea tenax (C.H.Wright) Engl. ex R.E.Fr.) LOPHIOCARPUS Turcz. torrei C.Cusset BM burchellii Hook. = L. polystachyus dinteri Engl. PRE POLYGALACEAE polystachyus Turcz. K PRE UCBG (Microtea burchellii (Hook.f.) N.E.Br.) POLYGALA L. (Microtea gracilis A.W.Hill) albida Schinz subsp. albida GAB PRE PSUB

92 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red POLYGONACEAE

bicornis (Burch.) Chodat = P. schinziana canescens Sond. var. subglabra Schinz = O. dregeanum subsp. capillaris E.Mey. subsp. capillaris GAB PRE canescens var. canescens erioptera DC. subsp. erioptera GAB PSUB delagoense Kuntze GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (P. linearis R.Br.) (O. delagoense Kuntze var. strictum C.H.Wright) gagnebiniana Chodat = P. sphenoptera var. sphenoptera (O. dregeanum Meisn. var. pubescens (C.H.Wright) Burtt Davy) hottentotta C.Presl GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (O. dregeanum Meisn. var. strictum (C.H.Wright) R.A.Graham) kalaxariensis Schinz GAB PRE PSUB (O. junodii De Wild.) (P. kubangensis Gürke) delagoense Kuntze var. strictum C.H.Wright = O. delagoense (P. reflexa Schinz) dregeanum Meisn. subsp. canescens (Sond.) Germish. var. kubangensis Gürke = P. kalaxariensis canescens GAB PRE PSUB UCBG leptophylla Burch. var. leptophylla PRE PSUB (O. calcaratum Meisn.) linearis R.Br. = P. erioptera subsp. erioptera (O. canescens Sond.) pallida E.Mey. PRE (O. canescens Sond. var. subglabra Schinz) petitiana A.Rich. subsp. parviflora (Exell) Paiva GAB PSUB (O. dregeanum Meisn. var. canescens (Sond.) R.A.Graham) quartiniana A.Rich. = P. sphenoptera var. sphenoptera (O. zeyheri Sond.) reflexa Schinz = P. kalaxariensis dregeanum Meisn. var. canescens (Sond.) R.A.Graham = schinziana Chodat GAB PRE PSUB O. dregeanum subsp. canescens var. canescens (P. bicornis (Burch.) Chodat) dregeanum Meisn. var. pubescens (C.H.Wright) Burtt Davy = seminuda Harv. K O. delagoense sphenoptera Fresen. var. sphenoptera BM GAB PRE PSUB UCBG dregeanum Meisn. var. strictum (C.H.Wright) R.A.Graham = (P. gagnebiniana Chodat) O. delagoense (P. quartiniana A.Rich.) elongatum Dammer = O. sinuatum (P. ukambica Chodat) junodii De Wild. = O. delagoense ukambica Chodat = P. sphenoptera var. sphenoptera sinuatum (Hochst. & Steud. ex Meisn.) Dammer GAB PRE UCBG (Ceratogonum cordofanum Meisn.) SECURIDACA L. (Ceratogonum sinuatum Hochst. & Steud. ex Meisn.) longepedunculata Fresen. var. longepedunculata GAB PRE (O. elongatum Dammer) PSUB UCBG (O. somalense Chiov. var. pterocarpum Chiov.) (S. longepedunculata Fresen. var. parvifolia Oliv.) somalense Chiov. var. pterocarpum Chiov. = O. sinuatum longepedunculata Fresen. var. parvifolia Oliv. = zeyheri Sond. = O. dregeanum subsp. canescens var. canescens S. longepedunculata var. longepedunculata PERSICARIA (L.) Mill. POLYGONACEAE attenuata (R.Br.) Soják subsp. africana K.L.Wilson PRE UCBG S (Polygonum senegalense Meisn. subsp. albotomentosum CERATOGONUM C.A.Mey. (R.A.Graham) Germish.) cordofanum Meisn. = Oxygonum sinuatum decipiens (R.Br.) Wilson PRE sinuatum Hochst. & Steud. ex Meisn. = Oxygonum sinuatum (P. serrulata (Lag.) Webb & Moq.) hystricula (J.Schust.) Soják PRE EMEX Neck. ex Campdera (Polygonum hystriculum J.Schust.) ✹australis Steinh. SRGH ✹lapathifolia (L.) Gray GAB PRE UCBG S (Polygonum lapathifolium L. subsp. maculatum (Gray) FAGOPYRUM Mill. T.-Dyer & Trimen) ✹esculentum Moench PRE (Polygonum lapathifolium L. var. maculatum (Polygonum fagopyrum L.) T.-Dyer & Trimen) ✹limbata (Meisn.) H.Hara GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S OXYGONUM Burch. ex Campd. (Polygonum glutinosum Meisn. var. capensis Meisn.) alatum Burch. var. alatum GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (Polygonum limbatum Meisn.) ( O. alatum Burch. var. incisum Sond.) (Polygonum piliferum Tikovsky) (O. alatum Burch. var. integrifolium Sond.) (Polygonum schinzii C.H.Wright) ( O. alatum Burch. var. marlothii Engl.) meisneriana (Cham. & Schltdl.) M.Gómez PRE PSUB alatum Burch. var. incisum Sond. = O. alatum var. alatum (Polygonum meisnerianum Cham. & Schltdl.) alatum Burch. var. integrifolium Sond. = O. alatum var. alatum (Polygonum strigosum of authors not of R.Br.) alatum Burch. var. longisquamatum Germish. GAB PRE UCBG senegalensis (Meisn.) Soják forma albotomentosa alatum Burch. var. marlothii Engl. = O. alatum var. alatum (R.A.Graham) K.L.Wilson GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S calcaratum Meisn. = O. dregeanum subsp. canescens var. (Polygonum lanigerum R.Br. var. africanum Meisn.) canescens (Polygonum senegalense Meisn. forma albotomentosum canescens Sond. = O. dregeanum subsp. canescens var. canescens R.A.Graham)

93 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana POLYGONACEAE (cont.)

senegalensis (Meisn.) Soják forma senegalensis GAB PRE rhodesica N.E.Br. = Avonia rhodesica PSUB UCBG S starkiana Poelln. = A. subnuda subsp. subnuda ( Polygonum sambesiacum J.Schust.) subnuda Poelln. subsp. subnuda PRE SRGH � ( Polygonum senegalense Meisn. subsp. senegalense) (A. starkiana Poelln.) serrulata (Lag.) Webb & Moq. = P. decipiens AVONIA (E.Mey. ex Fenzl) G.D.Rowley POLYGONUM .L rhodesica (N.E.Br.) G.D.Rowley PRE ✹aviculare L. s (Anacampseros bremekampii Poelln.) fagopyrum L. = Fagopyrum esculentum (Anacampseros rhodesica N.E.Br.) glutinosum Meisn. var. capensis Meisn. = Persicaria senegalensis PORTULACA L. forma albotomentosa caffra Thunb.= Talinum caffrum hystriculum J.Schust. = Persicaria hystricula crocodilorum Poelln. = P. kermesina lanigerum R.Br. var. africanum Meisn. = Persicaria senegalensis cuneifolia Vahl = Talinum portulacifolium forma albotomentosa hereroensis Schinz BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � lapathifolium L. subsp. maculatum (Gray) T.-Dyer & Trimen = (P. sedeoides Welw.) Persicaria lapathifolia kermesina N.E.Br. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � lapathifolium L. var. maculatum T.-Dyer & Trimen = (P. crocodilorum Poelln.) Persicaria lapathifolia ✹oleracea L. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG � limbatum Meisn. = Persicaria limbata (P. oleracea L. subsp. sylvestris (DC.) Thell.) meisnerianum Cham. & Schltdl. = Persicaria meisneriana (P. oleracea L. var. opposita Poelln.) piliferum Tikovsky = Persicaria limbata oleracea L. subsp. sylvestris (DC.) Thell. = P. oleracea plebeium R.Br. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG oleracea L. var. opposita Poelln. = P. oleracea pulchrum of author not of Blume = Persicaria attenuata pilosa L. PRE � salicifolium Willd. = Persicaria decipiens quadrifida L. GAB PSUB UCBG � sambesiacum J.Schust. = Persicaria senegalensis forma (P. walteriana Poelln.) senegalensis rhodesiana R.A.Dyer & E.A.Bruce GAB � schinzii C.H.Wright = Persicaria limbata sedeoides Welw. = P. hereroensis senegalense Meisn. forma albotomentosum R.A.Graham = walteriana Poelln. = P. quadrifida Persicaria senegalensis forma albotomentosa senegalense Meisn. subsp. albotomentosum (R.A.Graham) TALINUM Adans. Germish. = Persicaria senegalensis forma albotomentosa arnotii Hook.f. K PRE PSUB UCBG � senegalense Meisn. subsp. senegalense = Persicaria caffrum (Thunb.) Eckl. & Zeyh. PRE UCBG � senegalensis crispatulatum in sense of Wild = T. tenuissimum forma senegalensis crispatulum Dinter ex Poelln. GAB K PRE PSUB serrulatum Lag. = Persicaria decipiens SRGH UCBG � strigosum of authors not of R.Br. = Persicaria meisneriana cuneifolium Willd. = T. portulacifolium dinteri Poelln. = T. tenuissimum RUMEX .L portulacifolium (Forssk.) Asch. ex Schweinf. K PRE � ecklonianus Meisn. = R. lanceolatus ( Orygia portulacifolia Forssk.) ecklonii Meisn. = R. lanceolatus (Portulaca cuneifolia Vahl) lanceolatus Thunb. PRE (T. cuneifolium Willd.) ( R. ecklonianus Meisn.) tenuissimum Dinter GAB PRE PSUB UCBG � (R. ecklonii Meisn.) ( T. crispatulum in sense of Wild) (R. linearis Campd.) (T. dinteri Poelln.) (R. meyeri Meisn.) (T. transvaalense Poelln.) (R. meyerianus Meisn.) transvaalense Poelln. = T. tenuissimum linearis Campd. = R. lanceolatus meyeri Meisn. = R. lanceolatus PRIMULACEAE meyerianus Meisn. = R. lanceolatus sagittatus Thunb. PRE SRGH SAMOLUS L. valerandi L. K LISC PRE S PORTULACACEAE PROTEACEAE ANACAMPSEROS. L bremekampii Poelln. = Avonia rhodesica FAUREA Harv. lanceolata (Harv.) Sweet subsp. lanceolata s saligna Harv. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG

94 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red RHAMNACEAE

PROTEA L. dipetala (Aiton) Turcz. var. capensis (Thunb.) Müll.Arg. = gaguedi J.F.Gmel. GAB PRE SRGH O. dipetala var. dipetala dipetala (Aiton) Turcz. var. dipetala GAB PRE Ptaeroxylaceae—see RUTACEAE (Holopetalum burchellii Müll.Arg.) (Holopetalum pumilum Turcz.) (O. burchellii (Müll.Arg.) Harv.) RANUNCULACEAE (O. capensis (Thunb.) Harv. var. burchellii (Müll.Arg.) Abdallah) (O. capensis (Thunb.) Harv. var. capensis (Thunb.) Perkins) CLEMATIS L. (O. capensis (Thunb.) Harv. var. pumila (Harv.) Perkins) brachiata Thunb. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (O. capensis (Thunb.) Harv. var. virgata Harv.) (C. brachiata Thunb. var. burkei Burtt Davy) (O. dipetala (Aiton) Turcz. var. capensis (Thunb.) Müll.Arg.) (C. petersiana Klotzsch) (O. dipetala (Aiton) Turcz. var. pumila (Harv.) Müll.Arg.) (C. thunbergii Steud.) (O. dipetala (Aiton) Turcz. var. virgata (Harv.) Müll.Arg.) (C. triloba Thunb.) (O. frutescens Dinter) brachiata Thunb. var. burkei Burtt Davy = C. brachiata (O. lycopodioides Schinz & Dinter) oweniae Harv. BM PRE (O. upingtoniae Dinter) petersiana Klotzsch = C. brachiata (Reseda capensis Thunb.) scabiosifolia DC. = C. villosa subsp. villosa (Reseda dipetala Aiton) thunbergii Steud. = C. brachiata (Reseda microphylla C.Presl) triloba Thunb. = C. brachiata (Resedella dipetala (Aiton) Webb & Berthel.) villosa DC. subsp. villosa PRE dipetala (Aiton) Turcz. var. pumila (Harv.) Müll.Arg. = (C. scabiosifolia DC.) O. dipetala var. dipetala (Clematopsis scabiosifolia (DC.) Hutch.) dipetala (Aiton) Turcz. var. virgata (Harv.) Müll.Arg. = O. dipetala var. dipetala CLEMATOPSIS Bojer ex Hutch. frutescens Dinter = O. dipetala var. dipetala scabiosifolia (DC.) Hutch. = Clematis villosa subsp. villosa lycopodioides Schinz & Dinter = O. dipetala var. dipetala upingtoniae Dinter = O. dipetala var. dipetala RANUNCULUS L. forskoehlii DC. = R. multifidus RESEDA L. membranaceus Fresen. = R. multifidus capensis Thunb. = Oligomeris dipetala var. dipetala multifidus Forssk. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG S dipetala Aiton = Oligomeris dipetala var. dipetala (R. forskoehlii DC.) microphylla C.Presl = Oligomeris dipetala var. dipetala (R. membranaceus Fresen.) (R. pinnatus Poir.) RESEDELLA Webb & Berthel. (R. pubescens Thunb.) dipetala (Aiton) Webb & Berthel. = Oligomeris dipetala pinnatus Poir. = R. multifidus var. dipetala pubescens Thunb. = R. multifidus rionii Lagger PRE S RHAMNACEAE trichophyllus of authors not of Chaix subsp. drouetii (Schultz) A.R.Clapham = R. rionii BERCHEMIA Neck. ex DC. discolor (Klotzsch) Hemsl. GAB K PRE PSUB UCBG RESEDACEAE (Phyllogeiton discolor (Klotzsch) Herzog) (Scutia discolor Klotzsch) HOLOPETALUM Turcz. zeyheri (Sond.) Grubov GAB PRE UCBG burchellii Müll.Arg. = Oligomeris dipetala var. dipetala (Phyllogeiton zeyheri (Sond.) Suess.) pumilum Turcz. = Oligomeris dipetala var. dipetala (Rhamnus zeyheri Sond.)

OLIGOMERIS Cambess. GOUANIA Jacq. burchellii (Müll.Arg.) Harv. = O. dipetala var. dipetala integrifolia Lam. = Helinus integrifolius capensis (Thunb.) Harv. var. burchellii (Müll.Arg.) Abdallah = O. dipetala var. dipetala HELINUS E.Mey. ex Endl. capensis (Thunb.) Harv. var. capensis (Thunb.) Perkins = integrifolius (Lam.) Kuntze GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG O. dipetala var. dipetala (Gouania integrifolia Lam.) capensis (Thunb.) Harv. var. pumila (Harv.) Perkins = (H. ovatus E.Mey. ex Sond.) O. dipetala var. dipetala (H. scandens (Eckl. & Zeyh.) A.Rich.) capensis (Thunb.) Harv. var. virgata Harv. = O. dipetala ovatus E.Mey. ex Sond. = H. integrifolius var. dipetala scandens (Eckl. & Zeyh.) A.Rich. = H. integrifolius

95 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana RHAMNACEAE (cont.)

spartioides (Engl.) Schinz ex Engl. BM GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG (R. rigidus Sm. var. incisus Gust.) (Marlothia spartioides Engl.) (R. rigidus Sm. var. mundtii (Cham. & Schltdl.) Focke) rigidus Sm. var. buchananii Focke = R. rigidus MARLOTHIA Engl. rigidus Sm. var. chrysocarpus (Mundt) Focke = R. rigidus spartioides Engl. = Helinus spartioides rigidus Sm. var. incisus Gust. = R. rigidus rigidus Sm. var. mundtii (Cham. & Schltdl.) Focke = R. rigidus PHYLLOGEITON Werberb. discolor (Klotzsch) Herzog = Berchemia discolor RUBIACEAE zeyheri (Sond.) Suess. = Berchemia zeyheri ANCYLANTHOS Desf. RHAMNUS L. bainesii Hiern = A. rubiginosus prinoides L’Hér. PRE ferrugineus Welw. = A. rubiginosus zeyheri Sond. = Berchemia zeyheri rubiginosus Desf. K PRE PSUB SRGH (A. bainesii Hiern) SCUTIA (DC.) Brongn. (A. ferrugineus Welw.) discolor Klotzsch = Berchemia discolor ANTHOSPERMUM L. ZIZIPHUS Mill. ericoideum K.Krause = A. rigidum subsp. pumilum helvola Sond. = Z. zeyheriana humile N.E.Br. = A. rigidum subsp. pumilum mucronata Willd. subsp. mucronata GAB K PRE PSUB UCBG pumilum Sond. subsp. pumilum = A. rigidum subsp. pumilum mucronata Willd. subsp. rhodesica R.B.Drumm. K PRE PSUB pumilum Sond. var. pilosum E.Phillips = A. rigidum subsp. zeyheriana Sond. GAB PRE pumilum (Z. helvola Sond.) rigidum Eckl. & Zeyh. subsp. pumilum (Sond.) Puff K LISC PRE SRGH UCBG ROSACEAE (A. ericoideum K.Krause) (A. humile N.E.Br.) CLIFFORTIA L. (A. pumilum Sond. subsp. pumilum) flabellifolia Sond. = Myrothamnus flabellifolius (A. pumilum Sond. var. pilosum E.Phillips)

RUBUS L. BORRERIA G.Mey. adolfi-friedericii Engl. = R. apetalus var. apetalus paludosa Hepper = Spermacoce quadrisulcata adolfi-friedericii Engl. var. rubristylus Gust. = R. apetalus quadrisulcata Bremek. = Spermacoce quadrisulcata var. apetalus squarrosa Schinz = Spermacoce senensis apetalus Poir. var. apetalus PRE S subvulgata K.Schum. = Spermacoce subvulgata (R. adolfi-friedericii Engl.) (R. adolfi-friedericii Engl. var. rubristylus Gust.) CANTHIUM Lam. (R. ecklonii Focke) frangula S.Moore = C. glaucum subsp. frangula var. frangula (R. exsuccus Steud.) burttii in sense of authors not of Bullock = C. pseudorandii (R. interjungens Gust.) gilfillanii (N.E.Br.) O.B.Mill. PRE UCBG (R. pinnatiformis Gust.) (Plectronia gilfillanii N.E.Br.) atrocoeruleus Gust. = R. rigidus glaucum Hiern subsp. frangula (S.Moore) Bridson var. frangula chrysocarpus Mundt = R. rigidus M PRE SRGH discolor E.Mey. = R. rigidus (C. frangula S.Moore) ecklonii Focke = R. apetalus var. apetalus huillense Hiern = Psydrax livida exsuccus Steud. = R. apetalus var. apetalus lanciflorum Hiern = Vangueriopsis lanciflora inedulis Rolfe = R. rigidus lividum Hiern = Psydrax livida interjungens Gust. = R. apetalus var. apetalus mundianum Cham. & Sclechtd. s mundtii Cham. & Schltdl. = R. rigidus pseudorandii Bridson K PRE pinnatiformis Gust. = R. apetalus var. apetalus wildii (Suess.) Codd = Psydrax livida rigidus Sm. PRE PSUB (R. atrocoeruleus Gust.) CARPHALEA Juss. (R. chrysocarpus Mundt) pubescens (Klotzsch) Verdc. GAB K PRE (R. discolor E.Mey.) (Dirichletia pubescens Klotzsch) (R. inedulis Rolfe) (R. mundtii Cham. & Schltdl.) CATUNAREGAM Wolf (R. rigidus Sm. var. buchananii Focke) sp. A (see Coates Palgrave (2002: 1050) PRE (R. rigidus Sm. var. chrysocarpus (Mundt) Focke) (C. spinosa (Thunb.) Tirveng subsp. spinosa)

96 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red RUBIACEAE (cont.)

spinosa (Thunb.) Tirveng. subsp. spinosa PRE HEINSIA DC. crinita (Afzel.) G.Taylor subsp. parviflora (K.Schum. & CODDIA Verdc. K.Krause) Verdc. PRE rudis (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Verdc. s (Randia rudis E.Mey. ex Harv.) KOHAUTIA Cham. & Schltdl. (Xeromphis rudis (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Codd) aspera (B.Heyne ex Roth) Bremek. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (Hedyotis aspera B.Heyne ex Roth) CROSSOPTERYX Fenzl (Oldenlandia aspera (B.Heyne ex Roth) DC.) febrifuga (Afzel. ex G.Don) Benth. GAB PRE PSUB brachyloba (Sond.) Bremek. = K. caespitosa subsp. brachyloba (C. kotschyana Fenzl) caespitosa Schnizl. subsp. brachyloba (Sond.) Mantell (Rondeletia febrifuga Afzel. ex G.Don) GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG kotschyana Fenzl = C. febrifuga (Hedyotis brachyloba Sond.) (Hedyotis thymifolia C.Presl) DINOCANTHIUM Bremek. (K. brachyloba (Sond.) Bremek.) hystrix Bremek. = Pyrostria hystrix (K. caespitosa Schnizl. var delagoensis (Schinz) Bremek.) (K. lasiocarpa Klotzsch) DIODIA L. (Oldenlandia brachyloba (Sond.) Kuntze) senensis Klotzsch = Spermacoce senensis (Oldenlandia delagoensis Schinz) (Oldenlandia lasiocarpa (Klotzsch) Hiern) DIRICHLETIA Klotzsch caespitosa Schnizl. var. delagoensis (Schinz) Bremek. = pubescens Klotzsch = Carphalea pubescens K. caespitosa subsp. brachyloba cuspidata (K.Schum.) Bremek. GAB K PRE PSUB FERETIA Delile (Oldenlandia cuspidata K.Schum.) aeruginescens Stapf PRE PSUB cynanchica DC. GAB J K LISC PRE SRGH UCBG WAG (Hedyotis cynanchica (DC.) Steud.) GALIUM L. (Hedyotis stricta Sond.) horridum Thunb. = Rubia horrida (K. gracilifolia Bremek.) (K. longiflora DC.) GARDENIA J.Ellis (K. omahekensis (K.Krause) Bremek.) brachythamnus (K.Schum.) Launert GAB PRE PSUB (K. raphidophylla Bremek.) (Randia brachythamnus K.Schum.) (Oldenlandia cynanchica (DC.) K.Schum. ex Kuntze) resiniflua Hiern subsp. resiniflua PRE UCBG (Oldenlandia omahekensis K.Krause) rothmannia L.f. = Rothmannia capensis gracilifolia Bremek. = K. cynanchica spatulifolia Stapf & Hutch. = G. volkensii subsp. spatulifolia lasiocarpa Klotzsch = K. caespitosa subsp. brachyloba ternifolia Schumach. & Thonn. subsp. jovis-tonantis longiflora DC. = K. cynanchica (Welw.) Verdc. var. goetzei (Stapf & Hutch.) Verdc. PRE PSUB microflora D.Mantell K SRGH (G. spatulifolia Stapf & Hutch.) omahekensis (K.Krause) Bremek. = K. cynanchica volkensii K.Schum. subsp. volkensii var. volkensii PRE PSUB ramosissima Bremek. SRGH raphidophylla Bremek. = K. cynanchica HEDYOTIS L. setifera DC. = K. virgata aspera B.Heyne ex Roth = Kohautia aspera subverticillata (K.Schum.) D.Mantell subsp. subverticillata brachyloba Sond. = Kohautia caespitosa subsp. brachyloba GAB K SRGH capensis (L.f.) Lam. = Oldenlandia capensis var. capensis (Oldenlandia sordida K.Krause) cynanchica (DC.) Steud. = Kohautia cynanchica (Oldenlandia subverticillata K.Schum.) decumbens Hochst. = Oldenlandia affinis subsp. fugax (Oldenlandia trothae K.Krause) fugax Vatke = Oldenlandia affinis subsp. fugax virgata (Willd.) Bremek. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG gerrardii Harv. ex Sond. = Kohautia virgata (Hedyotis gerrardii Harv. ex Sond.) goreensis DC. = Oldenlandia goreensis var. goreensis (Hedyotis setifera (DC.) Steud.) herbacea L. = Oldenlandia herbacea var. herbacea (Hedyotis virgata Willd.) heynii (G.Don) Sond. = Oldenlandia herbacea var. herbacea (K. setifera DC.) lancifolia Schumach. = Oldenlandia lancifolia var. scabridula (Oldenlandia virgata (Willd.) DC.) pentandra Schumach. & Thonn. = Pentodon pentandrus var. pentandrus MITRACARPUM Zucc. setifera (DC.) Steud. = Kohautia virgata dregeanum Harv. & Sond. = Spermacoce senensis stricta Sond. = Kohautia cynanchica thymifolia C.Presl = Kohautia caespitosa subsp. brachyloba OLDENLANDIA L. virgata Willd. = Kohautia virgata affinis (Roem. & Schult.) DC. subsp. fugax (Vatke) Verdc. PRE

97 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana RUBIACEAE (cont.)

(Hedyotis decumbens Hochst.) assimilis Sond. var. pubescens-brevituba Bremek. = (Hedyotis fugax Vatke) P. gardeniifolia var. subtomentosa (O. decumbens (Hochst.) Hiern) cataractarum S.Moore GAB PRE angolensis K.Schum. var. angolensis GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH S dissimilis Bremek. = P. zeyheri aspera (B.Heyne ex Roth) DC. = Kohautia aspera eylesii S.Moore GAB PRE UCBG brachyloba (Sond.) Kuntze = Kohautia caespitosa gardeniifolia A.Rich. var. gardeniifolia PRE PSUB subsp. brachyloba (P. assimilis Sond. var. assimilis) capensis L.f. var. capensis K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH (P. assimilis Sond. var. glabra Bremek.) (Hedyotis capensis (L.f.) Lam.) (P. assimilis Sond. var. glabra-brevituba Bremek.) capensis L.f. var. pleiosepala Bremek. K SRGH gardeniifolia A.Rich. var. subtomentosa K.Schum. GAB caespitosa (Benth.) Hiern = O. corymbosa var. caespitosa PRE UCBG corymbosa L. var. caespitosa (Benth.) Verdc. GAB PRE PSUB (P. assimilis Sond. var. pubescens Bremek.) (O. caespitosa (Benth.) Hiern) (P. assimilis Sond. var. pubescens-brevituba Bremek.) (O. caespitosa (Benth.) Hiern var. major Bremek.) (P. heidelbergensis Bremek.) caespitosa (Benth.) Hiern var. major Bremek. = O. corymbosa harborii S.Moore GAB PRE PSUB UCBG var. caespitosa (P. marlothii Bremek.) corymbosa L. var. linearis (DC.) Verdc. BM BR C EA GAB heidelbergensis Bremek. = P. gardeniifolia var. subtomentosa K PSUB SRGH UPS WAG inconspicua Dinter ex Bremek. = P. zeyheri cuspidata K.Schum. = Kohautia cuspidata lasiopeplus K.Schum. = P. zeyheri cynanchica (DC.) K.Schum. ex Kuntze = Kohautia cynanchica luteola Stapf = Tarenna luteola decumbens (Hochst.) Hiern = O. affinis subsp. fugax marlothii Bremek. = P. harborii decumbens Spreng. = Vahlia digyna microlancea K.Schum. = P. zeyheri delagoensis Schinz = Kohautia caespitosa subsp. brachyloba middelburgensis Bremek. = P. zeyheri digyna Retz. = Vahlia digyna pseudo-zeyheri Bremek. = P. zeyheri fastigiata Bremek. var. fastigiata GAB schumanniana F.Hoffm. ex K.Schum. PRE PSUB UCBG goreensis (DC.) Summerh. var. goreensis GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH zeyheri Sond. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (Hedyotis goreensis DC.) (P. dissimilis Bremek.) herbacea (L.) Roxb. var. flaccida Bremek. PRE (P. inconspicua Dinter ex Bremek.) herbacea (L.) Roxb. var. herbacea GAB K PRE PSUB UCBG (P. lasiopeplus K.Schum.) ( Hedyotis herbacea L.) (P. microlancea K.Schum.) (Hedyotis heynii (G.Don) Sond.) (P. middelburgensis Bremek.) lancifolia (Schumach.) DC. var. scabridula Bremek. GAB K (P. pseudo-zeyheri Bremek.) LISC PRE SRGH S ( Hedyotis lancifolia Schumach.) PENTODON Hochst. lasiocarpa (Klotzsch) Hiern = Kohautia caespitosa subsp. pentandrus (Schumach. & Thonn.) Vatke var. pentandrus brachyloba K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH S omahekensis K.Krause = Kohautia cynanchica ( Hedyotis pentandra Schumach. & Thonn.) pentandra (Schumach. & Thonn.) DC. = Pentodon pentandrus (Oldenlandia pentandra (Schumach. & Thonn.) DC.) var. pentandrus rosulata K.Schum. var. rosulata PRE PLECTRONIA C.D sordida K.Krause = Kohautia subverticillata subsp. gilfillanii N.E.Br. = Canthium gilfillanii subverticillata junodii Burtt Davy = Psydrax livida subverticillata K.Schum. = Kohautia subverticillata subsp. subverticillata PLECTRONIELLA Robyns trothae K.Krause = Kohautia subverticillata subsp. armata (K.Schum.) Robyns GAB subverticillata (Vangueria armata K.Schum.) zeyheri Sond. = Pygmaeothamnus zeyheri var. zeyheri virgata (Willd.) DC. = Kohautia virgata PSYCHOTRIA .L zombamontana (Kuntze) E.M.A.Petit UCBG PAVETTA .L (Uragoga zombamontana Kuntze) assimilis Sond. var. assimilis = P. gardeniifolia var. gardeniifolia assimilis Sond. var. glabra Bremek. = P. gardeniifolia var. PSYDRAX Gaertn. gardeniifolia livida (Hiern) Bridson GAB K PRE UCBG assimilis Sond. var. glabra-brevituba Bremek. = P. gardeniifolia (Canthium huillense Hiern) var. gardeniifolia (Canthium lividum Hiern) assimilis Sond. var. pubescens Bremek. = P. gardeniifolia (Canthium wildii (Suess.) Codd) var. subtomentosa (Plectronia junodii Burtt Davy)

98 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red RUTACEAE

PYGMAEOTHAMNUS Robyns junodii (Schinz) Brenan var. junodii PRE zeyheri (Sond.) Robyns var. oatesii Robyns = Pygmaeothamnus junodii (Schinz) Brenan var. kirkii (Hook.f.) Robbr. GAB PRE zeyheri var. zeyheri PSUB UCBG zeyheri (Sond.) Robyns var. zeyheri GAB K PRE PSUB (T. allenii (Stapf) Brenan var. kirkii (Hook.f.) Brenan) SRGH UCBG lanceolata (Sond.) Burtt Davy s (Pygmaeothamnus zeyheri (Sond.) Robyns var. oatesii Robyns) (Vangueria zeyheri (Sond.) Sond.) URAGOGA Baill. zombamontana Kuntze = Psychotria zombamontana PYROSTRIA Comm. ex Juss. hystrix (Bremek.) Bridson UCBG VANGUERIA Comm. ex Juss. (Dinocanthium hystrix Bremek.) armata K.Schum. = Plectroniella armata cyanescens Robyns PRE RANDIA L. esculenta S.Moore UCBG brachythamnus K.Schum. = Gardenia brachythamnus infausta Burch. subsp. infausta C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH rudis E.Mey. ex Harv. = Coddia rudis UCBG WAG (V. tomentosa Hochst.) RICHARDIA L. lasioclados K.Schum. = V. proschii ✹scabra L. PRE madagascariensis J.F.Gmel. PRE parvifolia Sond. C GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG WAG RONDELETIA L. (Tapiphyllum parvifolium (Sond.) Robyns) febrifuga Afzel. ex G.Don = Crossopteryx febrifuga proschii Briq. K PRE PSUB (V. lasioclados K.Schum.) ROTHMANNIA Thunb. randii S.Moore subsp. randii K UCBG capensis Thunb. PRE UCBG tomentosa Hochst. = V. infausta subsp. infausta (Gardenia rothmannia L.f.) umbellulata Hiern = Rytigynia umbellulata zeyheri (Sond.) Sond. = Pygmaeothamnus zeyheri var. zeyheri RUBIA L. horrida (Thunb.) Puff GAB PRE SRGH VANGUERIOPSIS Robyns (Galium horridum Thunb.) lanciflora (Hiern) Robyns ex R.D.Good GAB PSUB (Canthium lanciflorum Hiern) RYTIGYNIA Blume umbellulata (Hiern) Robyns GAB PRE PSUB SRGH XEROMPHIS Raf. (Vangueria umbellulata Hiern) rudis (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Codd = Coddia rudis

SPERMACOCE L. RUTACEAE (including Ptaeroxylaceae) deserti N.E.Br. C GAB K PSUB SRGH UCBG quadrisulcata (Bremek.) Verdc. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH S CITROPSIS (Engl.) Swingle & M.Kellerm. (Borreria paludosa Hepper) daweana Swingle & M.Kellerm. BM GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (Borreria quadrisulcata Bremek.) senensis (Klotzsch) Hiern GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG FAGARA L. (Borreria squarrosa Schinz) capensis Thunb. = Zanthoxylum capense (Diodia senensis Klotzsch) (Mitracarpum dregeanum Harv. & Sond.) PTAEROXYLON Eckl. & Zeyh. subvulgata (K.Schum.) J.G.García UCBG obliquum (Thunb.) Radlk. FHO GAB PRE (Borreria subvulgata K.Schum.) (P. utile Eckl. & Zeyh.) utile Eckl. & Zeyh. = P. obliquum TAPIPHYLLUM Robyns parvifolium (Sond.) Robyns = Vangueria parvifolia TECLEA Delile rogersii Mendonça UCBG TARENNA Gaertn. luteola (Stapf) Bremek. PRE PSUB THAMNOSMA Torr. & Frém. (Pavetta luteola Stapf) africana Engl. var. rhodesica Baker f. = T. rhodesica rhodesica (Baker f.) Mendonça K PRE UCBG TRICALYSIA A.Rich. ex DC. (T. africana Engl. var. rhodesica Baker f.) allenii (Stapf) Brenan var. kirkii (Hook.f.) Brenan = T. junodii var. kirkii TODDALIOPSIS Engl. cacondensis Hiern PRE PSUB bremekampii I.Verd. s

99 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana RUTACEAE (cont.)

VEPRIS Comm. ex A.Juss. resedoides A.W.Hill SRGH reﬂexa I.Verd. PRE SRGH UCBG termitaria Mendonça s SAPINDACEAE zambesiaca S.Moore GAB PRE ALLOPHYLUS L. ZANTHOXYLUM L. africanus Beauv. var. africanus K PRE UCBG capense (Thunb.) Harv. PRE UCBG melanocarpus (Sond.) Radlk. = A. africanus var. africanus (Fagara capensis Thunb.) CARDIOSPERMUM L. SALICACEAE alatum Bremek. & Oberm. = C. corindum corindum L. BM GAB PRE PSUB UCBG SALIX L. (C. alatum Bremek. & Oberm.) ✹babylonica L. GAB SRGH Ö halicacabum L. var. halicacabum GAB LISC PRE PSUB Ö capensis Thunb. var. mucronata (Thunb.) Anderson = halicacabum L. var. microcarpum (Kunth) Blume GAB S. mucronata subsp. mucronata BM LISC PRE SRGH Ö hutchinsii Skan = S. mucronata subsp. mucronata (C. microcarpum Kunth) mucronata Thunb. subsp. mucronata K PRE PSUB microcarpum Kunth = C. halicacabum var. microcarpum SRGH UCBG (S. capensis Thunb. var. mucronata (Thunb.) Anderson) DODONAEA Mill. (S. hutchinsii Skan) angustifolia L.f. = D. viscosa var. angustifolia (S. safsaf Forssk. ex Trautv.) thunbergiana Radlk. = D. viscosa var. angustifolia (S. subserrata Willd.) thunbergiana Radlk. var. linearis Sond. = D. viscosa var. angustifolia (S. subserrata Willd. var. cyathipoda (Andersson) Cufod.) viscosa (L.) Jacq. var. angustifolia (L.f.) Benth. GAB safsaf Forssk. ex Trautv. = S. mucronata subsp. mucronata (D. angustifolia L.f.) subserrata Willd. = S. mucronata subsp. mucronata (D. thunbergiana Radlk.) subserrata Willd. var. cyathipoda (Andersson) Cufod. = (D. thunbergiana Radlk. var. linearis Sond.) S. mucronata subsp. mucronata ERYTHROPHYSA E.Mey. ex Arn. SALVADORACEAE transvaalensis I.Verd. PRE UCBG ♦

AZIMA Lam. PAPPEA Eckl. & Zeyh. pubescens Suess. = Carissa edulis capensis Eckl. & Zeyh. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (P. capensis Eckl. & Zeyh. var. radkloferi (Schweinf. ex SALVADORA Garcin ex L. Radlk.) Schinz) angustifolia Turrill var. australis (Schweick.) I.Verd. = S. australis (P. fulva Conrath) australis Schweick. PRE � (P. ugandensis Baker f.) (S. angustifolia Turrill var. australis (Schweick.) I.Verd.) (Sapindus pappea Sond.) persica L. var. persica GAB K PRE PSUB � capensis Eckl. & Zeyh. var. radkloferi (Schweinf. ex Radlk.) persica L. var. pubescens Brenan GAB K LISC PRE � Schinz = P. capensis fulva Conrath = P. capensis SANTALACEAE ugandensis Baker f. = P. capensis

OSYRIS L. PAULLINIA L. abyssinica Hochst. ex A.Rich. = O. lanceolata pinnata L. PRE lanceolata Hochst. & Steud. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG (O. abyssinica Hochst. ex A.Rich.) SAPINDUS L. pappea Sond. = Pappea capensis THESIUM L. dinteri A.W.Hill = T. megalocarpum SAPOTACEAE dissitum N.E.Br. SRGH ♦ goetzeanum Engl. PRE BEQUAERTIODENDRON De Wild. hystrix A.W.Hill PRE magalismontanum (Sond.) Heine & J.H.Hemsl. = lacinulatum A.W.Hill s Englerophytum magalismontanum lopollense Hiern GAB PRE PSUB megalocarpum A.W.Hill GAB PRE SRGH UCBG BOIVINELLA Pierre ex Aubrév. & Pellegr. (T. dinteri A.W.Hill) argyrophylla (Hiern) Aubrév. & Pellegr. = myriocladum Baker SRGH Englerophytum magalismontanum

100 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red SCROPHULARIACEAE

wilmsii (Engl.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. = (Mimusops mochisia Baker) Englerophytum magalismontanum (Mimusops spiculosa Hutch. & Corbishley) (Mimusops umbraculigera Hutch. & Corbishley) CHRYSOPHYLLUM L. spiculosa (Hutch. & Corbishley) H.J.Lam = M. mochisia antunesii Engl. = Englerophytum magalismontanum umbraculigera (Hutch. & Corbishley) H.J.Lam = M. mochisia argyrophyllum Hiern = Englerophytum magalismontanum carvalhoi Engl. = Englerophytum magalismontanum MIMUSOPS L. farannense A.Chev. = Englerophytum magalismontanum decorifolia S.Moore = M. zeyheri lujai De Wild. = Englerophytum magalismontanum densiflora Engl. var. paolii Chiov. = Manilkara mochisia magalismontanum Sond. = Englerophytum magalismontanum macaulayae Hutch. & Corbishley = Manilkara mochisia mohorense Engl. = Englerophytum magalismontanum menyhartii Engl. = Manilkara mochisia wilmsii Engl. = Englerophytum magalismontanum mochisia Baker = Manilkara mochisia monroi S.Moore = M. zeyheri ENGLEROPHYTUM K.Krause spiculosa Hutch. & Corbishley = Manilkara mochisia magalismontanum (Sond.) T.D.Penn. PRE SRGH UCBG umbraculigera Hutch. & Corbishley = Manilkara mochisia (Bequaertiodendron magalismontanum (Sond.) Heine & zeyheri Sond. FHO GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG J.H.Hemsl.) (M. decorifolia S.Moore) (Boivinella argyrophylla (Hiern) Aubrév. & Pellegr.) (M. monroi S.Moore) (Boivinella wilmsii (Engl.) Aubrév. & Pellegr.) (M. zeyheri Sond. var. laurifolia Engl.) (Chrysophyllum antunesii Engl.) zeyheri Sond. var. laurifolia Engl. = M. zeyheri (Chrysophyllum argyrophyllum Hiern) (Chrysophyllum carvalhoi Engl.) NEOBOIVINELLA Aubrév. & Pellegr. (Chrysophyllum farannense A.Chev.) argyrophylla (Hiern) Aubrév. & Pellegr. = Englerophytum (Chrysophyllum lujai De Wild.) magalismontanum (Chrysophyllum magalismontanum Sond.) wilmsii (Engl.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. = Englerophytum (Chrysophyllum mohorense Engl.) magalismontanum (Chrysophyllum wilmsii Engl.) (Neoboivinella argyrophylla (Hiern) Aubrév. & Pellegr.) PACHYSTELA Pierre ex Engl. (Neoboivinella wilmsii (Engl.) Aubrév. & Pellegr.) antunesii (Engl.) Lecomte = Englerophytum magalismontanum (Pachystela antunesii (Engl.) Lecomte) argyrophylla (Hiern) Lecomte = Englerophytum (Pachystela argyrophylla (Hiern) Lecomte) magalismontanum (Pachystela magalismontana (Sond.) Lecomte) magalismontana (Sond.) Lecomte = Englerophytum (Pouteria antunesii (Engl.) Baehni) magalismontanum (Pouteria magalismontana (Sond.) A.Meeuse) (Sideroxylon randii S.Moore) POUTERIA Aubl. (Zeyherella farannensis (A.Chev.) Aubrév. & Pellegr.) antunesii (Engl.) Baehni = Englerophytum magalismontanum (Zeyherella magalismontana (Sond.) Aubrév. & Pellegr.) magalismontana (Sond.) A. Meeuse = Englerophytum magalismontanum KAUKENIA Kuntze mochisia (Baker) Kuntze = Manilkara mochisia SIDEROXYLON L. randii S.Moore = Englerophytum magalismontanum MANILKARA Adans. densiflora Dale = M. mochisia ZEYHERELLA (Pierre ex Engl.) Aubrév. densiflora Dale var. paolii (Chiov.) Cufod. = M. mochisia farannensis (A.Chev.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. = Englerophytum macaulayae (Hutch. & Corbishley) H.J.Lam = M. mochisia magalismontanum menyhartii (Engl.) H.J.Lam = M. mochisia magalismontana (Sond.) Aubrév. & Pellegr. = Englerophytum mochisia (Baker) Dubard GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH magalismontanum (Kaukenia mochisia (Baker) Kuntze) (M. densiflora Dale) SCROPHULARIACEAE (M. densiflora Dale var. paolii (Chiov.) Cufod.) (M. macaulayae (Hutch. & Corbishley) H.J.Lam) ALECTRA Thunb. (M. menyhartii (Engl.) H.J.Lam) angustifolia Engl. = A. vogelii (M. spiculosa (Hutch. & Corbishley) H.J.Lam) bainesii Hemsl. PRE (M. umbraculigera (Hutch. & Corbishley) H.J.Lam) barbata (Hiern) Melch. = A. sessiliflora var. sessiliflora (Mimusops densiflora Engl. var. paolii Chiov.) cordata Benth. = A. sessiliflora var. senegalensis (Mimusops macaulayae Hutch. & Corbishley) heyniae (Dinter) Dinter = A. orobanchoides (Mimusops menyhartii Engl.) kirkii Hemsl. = A. orobanchoides

101 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana SCROPHULARIACEAE (cont.)

lancifolia Hemsl. PRE � APTOSIMUM Burch. ex Benth. (Melasma indicum Hiern) albomarginatum Marloth & Engl. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG melampyroides Benth. = A. sessiliflora var. sessiliflora decumbens Schinz GAB K MO PRE PSUB SRGH orobanchoides Benth. GAB K PRE PSUB � depressum Burch. ex Benth. = A. procumbens (A. heyniae (Dinter) Dinter) depressum Burch. ex Benth. var. elongatum Hiern = (A. kirkii Hemsl.) A. elongatum (A. parvifolia (Engl.) Schinz) elongatum Engl. GAB K LISC PRE SRGH UCBG (Celsia parvifolia Engl.) (A. depressum Burch. ex Benth. var. elongatum Hiern) (Melasma orobanchoides (Benth.) Engl.) (A. eriocephalum E.Mey. ex Benth. var. pubescens Diels ex parvifolia (Engl.) Schinz = A. orobanchoides F.E.Weber) picta (Hiern) Hemsl. K PRE (A. procumbens (Lehm.) Steud. var. elongatum (Hiern) Codd) (Melasma pictum Hiern) (A. pubescens (Diels ex F.E.Weber) F.E.Weber) pseudobarleriae (Dinter) Dinter s eriocephalum E.Mey. ex Benth. var. pubescens Diels ex F.E.Weber pumila Benth. PRE � = A. elongatum senegalensis Benth. = A. sessiliflora var. senegalensis indivisum Burch. ex Benth. PRE senegalensis Benth. var. minima A.Chev. = A. sessiliflora var. junceum (Hiern) Philcox K PRE SRGH senegalensis lineare Marloth & Engl. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG senegalensis var. pallescens Bonati = A. sessiliflora var. sessiliflora (A. nelsii F.E.Weber) sessiliflora (Vahl) Kuntze var. senegalensis (Benth.) Hepper lugardiae (N.E.Br. ex Hemsl. & Skan) E.Phillips BR GAB K SRGH � LISC PRE SRGH UCBG (A. cordata Benth.) (Peliostomum leucorrhizum E.Mey. ex Benth. var. linearifolium (A. senegalensis Benth.) Schinz ex Kuntze F.E.Weber) (A. senegalensis Benth. var. minima A.Chev.) (Peliostomum lugardiae N.E.Br. ex Hemsl. & Skan) sessiliflora (Vahl) Kuntze var. sessiliflora GAB PSUB UCBG � marlothii (Engl.) Hiern K PRE SRGH (A. barbata (Hiern) Melch.) nelsii F.E.Weber = A. lineare (A. melampyroides Benth.) procumbens (Lehm.) Steud. PRE UCBG (A. senegalensis var. pallescens Bonati) (A. depressum Burch. ex Benth.) (Gerardia sessiliflora Vahl) (Ohlendorffia procumbens Lehm.) (Melasma barbatum Hiern) procumbens (Lehm.) Steud. var. elongatum (Hiern) Codd = (Melasma sessiliflorum (Vahl) Hiern) A. elongatum vogelii Benth. GAB K PRE SRGH � pubescens (Diels ex F.E.Weber) F.E.Weber = A. elongatum (A. angustifolia Engl.) BACOPA Aubl. AMBULIA Lam. floribunda (R.Br.) Wettst. GAB PRE S bangweolensis R.E.Fr. = Limnophila bangweolensis (B. pubescens (Skan) Hutch. & Dalziel) ceratophylloides (Hiern) Engl. & Gilg = Limnophila (Herpestis floribunda R.Br.) ceratophylloides pubescens (Skan) Hutch. & Dalziel = B. floribunda

ANTHEROTHAMNUS N.E.Br. BUCHNERA L. pearsonii N.E.Br. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG asiatica L. = Striga asiatica (A. rigida (L.Bolus) E.Phillips) aurantiaca Burch. = Jamesbrittenia aurantiaca (Manuleopsis karasmontana Dinter ex Schinz & Thell.) bilabiata Thunb. = Striga bilabiata var. bilabiata (Sutera rigida L.Bolus) brevibractealis Hiern = B. longespicata rigida (L.Bolus) E.Phillips = A. pearsonii browniana Schinz = B. hispida gesnerioides Willd. = Striga gesnerioides ANTICHARIS Endl. glabrata Benth. = B. simplex aschersoniana Schinz = A. senegalensis henriquesii Engl. PRE linearis (Benth.) Hochst. ex Asch. = A. senegalensis (B. rhodesiana S.Moore) longifolia Marloth & Engl. = A. senegalensis hispida Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don GAB PRE PSUB senegalensis (Walp.) Bhandari GAB K PRE SRGH (B. browniana Schinz) (A. aschersoniana Schinz) (Striga schimperiana Hochst. ex A.Rich.) (A. linearis (Benth.) Hochst. ex Asch.) longespicata Schinz GAB PRE SRGH (A. longifolia Marloth & Engl.) (B. brevibractealis Hiern) (Doratanthera linearis Benth.) pinnatifida L.f. = Chascanum pinnatifidum var. pinnatifidum ANTIRRHINUM L. randii S.Moore BR GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH � fruticans Thunb. = Nemesia fruticans reducta Hiern PRE

102 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red SCROPHULARIACEAE (cont.)

rhodesiana S.Moore = B. henriquesii HALLERIA L. simplex (Thunb.) Druce PRE lucida L. PRE UCBG (B. glabrata Benth.) HEBENSTRETIA L. CAPRARIA L. angolensis Rolfe GAB K LISC PRE SRGH UCBG rigida Thunb. = Ehretia rigida subsp. rigida (H. holubii Rolfe) holubii Rolfe = H. angolensis CELSIA L. integrifolia L. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG parvifolia Engl. = Alectra orobanchoides (H. watsonii Rolfe) watsonii Rolfe = H. integrifolia CHAENOSTOMA Benth. aurantiacum (Burch.) Thell. = Jamesbrittenia aurantiaca HERPESTIS C.F.Gaertn. burkeanum (Benth.) Diels = Jamesbrittenia burkeana floribunda R.Br. = Bacopa floribunda micranthum (Klotzsch) Engl. = Jamesbrittenia micrantha pedicellatum (Klotzsch) Engl. = Jamesbrittenia micrantha HOTTONIA Burm. indica L. = Limnophila indica CRATEROSTIGMA Hochst. plantagineum Hochst. C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH ILYSANTHES Raf. UCBG WAG conferta Hiern = Lindernia conferta dubia of many authors not of (L.) Barnhart = Lindernia parviflora CREPIDORHOPALON Eb.Fisch. parviflora (Roxb.) Benth. = Lindernia parviflora spicatus (Engl.) Eb.Fisch. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG plantaginella S.Moore = Lindernia conferta (Torenia spicata Engl.) purpurascens Hutch. = Lindernia purpurascens

CYCNIUM E.Mey. ex Benth. emend. Engl. JAMESBRITTENIA Kuntze adonense E.Mey. ex Benth. PRE SRGH atropurpurea (Benth.) Hilliard subsp. pubescens Hilliard (C. buchneri Engl.) BM GAB K LISC PRE SRGH UCBG (C. camporum Engl.) (Lyperia atropurpurea Benth.) buchneri Engl. = C. adonense (Sutera atropurpurea (Benth.) Hiern) camporum Engl. = C. adonense aurantiaca (Burch.) Hilliard GAB K PRE filicalyx (E.A.Bruce) O.J.Hansen GAB K PSUB SRGH (Buchnera aurantiaca Burch.) (Rhamphicarpa filicalyx E.A.Bruce) (Chaenostoma aurantiacum (Burch.) Thell.) tubulosum (L.f.) Engl. subsp. tubulosum BR GAB PRE PSUB (Lyperia multifida Benth.) SRGH UCBG � (Manulea multifida (Benth.) Kuntze) (Gerardia tubulosa L.f.) (Sutera aurantiaca (Burch.) Hiern) (Rhamphicarpa tubulosa (L.f.) Benth.) burkeana (Benth.) Hilliard PRE UCBG (Chaenostoma burkeanum (Benth.) Diels) DICLIS Benth. (Lyperia burkeana Benth.) petiolaris Benth. BR GAB K MO PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Sutera burkeana (Benth.) Hiern) canescens (Benth.) Hilliard var. canescens PRE DOPATRIUM Buch.-Ham. ex Benth. canescens (Benth.) Hilliard var. seineri (Pilg.) Hilliard PRE UCBG junceum (Roxb.) Buch.-Ham. ex Benth. GAB PRE (Lyperia confusa Dinter) (Gratiola juncea Roxb.) (Lyperia seineri Pilg.) concinna (Hiern) Hilliard PRE ♦ DORATANTHERA Benth. (Sutera concinna Hiern) linearis Benth. = Anticharis senegalensis (Sutera tenuis Pilg.) elegantissima (Schinz) Hilliard BR GAB K LISC PRE SRGH FREYLINIA Pangella ex Colla (Lyperia elegantissima Schinz) lanceolata (L.f.) G.Don PRE (Sutera elegantissima (Schinz) Skan) integerrima (Benth.) Hilliard ♦s GERARDIA Benth. (Sutera batlapina Hiern) sessiliflora Vahl = Alectra sessiliflora var. sessiliflora micrantha (Klotzsch) Hilliard GAB K LISC SRGH UCBG tubulosa L.f. = Cycnium tubulosum subsp. tubulosum (Chaenostoma micranthum (Klotzsch) Engl.) (Chaenostoma pedicellatum (Klotzsch) Engl.) GRATIOLA L. (Lyperia micrantha Klotzsch) juncea Roxb. = Dopatrium junceum (Lyperia pedicellata Klotzsch) parviflora Roxb. = Lindernia parviflora (Sutera blantyrensis Skan)

103 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana SCROPHULARIACEAE (cont.)

(Sutera bolusii Hiern) multifida (Benth.) Kuntze = Jamesbrittenia aurantiaca (Sutera fissifolia S.Moore) simpliciflora Thell. = M. burchellii (Sutera micrantha Hiern) MANULEOPSIS Thell. ex Schinz LIMNOPHILA R.Br. karasmontana Dinter ex Schinz & Thell. = Antherothamnus bangweolensis (R.E.Fr.) Verdc. BR GAB PRE PSUB S pearsonii (Ambulia bangweolensis R.E.Fr.) ceratophylloides (Hiern) Skan GAB K PRE PSUB S MELANOSPERMUM Hilliard (Ambulia ceratophylloides (Hiern) Engl. & Gilg) foliosum (Benth.) Hilliard PRE UCBG (Stemodiacra ceratophylloides Hiern) (Polycarena discolor Schinz) gratioloides R.Br. = L. indica (Polycarena foliosa Benth.) indica (L.) Druce GAB PRE PSUB S transvaalensis (Hiern) Hilliard GAB K SRGH UCBG (Hottonia indica L.) (Polycarena transvaalensis Hiern) (L. gratioloides R.Br.) MELASMA P.J.Bergius LIMOSELLA L. barbatum Hiern = Alectra sessiliflora var. sessiliflora australis R.Br. PRE S indicum Hiern = Alectra lancifolia (L. lineata Glück) orobanchoides (Benth.) Engl. = Alectra orobanchoides (L. minuta Dinter & Suess.) pictum Hiern = Alectra picta capensis Thunb. = L. grandiflora sessiliflorum (Vahl) Hiern = Alectra sessiliflora var. sessiliflora grandiflora Benth. GAB PRE UCBG S (L. capensis Thunb.) MIMULUS L. inflata Hilliard & B.L.Burtt PRE gracilis R.Br. BM GAB K MO PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S lineata Glück = L. australis maior Diels K SRGH S NEMESIA Vent. minuta Dinter & Suess. = L. australis fruticans (Thunb.) Benth. UCBG (Antirrhinum fruticans Thunb.) LINARIA Mill. lilacina N.E.Br. PRE SRGH ✹bipartita Willd. GAB (N. linearis Vent. var. denticulata Kuntze) linearis Vent. var. denticulata Kuntze = N. lilacina LINDERNIA All. conferta (Hiern) Philcox K S NORTENIA Thou. (Ilysanthes conferta Hiern) thouarsii Cham. & Schltdl. = Torenia thouarsii (Ilysanthes plantaginella S.Moore) parviflora (Roxb.) Haines GAB K PRE S OHLENDORFFIA Lehm. (Gratiola parviflora Roxb.) procumbens Lehm. = Aptosimum procumbens (Ilysanthes dubia of many authors not of (L.) Barnhart) (Ilysanthes parviflora (Roxb.) Benth.) PELIOSTOMUM E.Mey. ex Benth. leucorrhizum E.Mey. ex Benth. var. linearifolium Weber = LYPERIA Benth. Aptosimum lugardiae atropurpurea Benth. = Jamesbrittenia atropurpurea subsp. lugardiae N.E.Br. = Aptosimum lugardiae pubescens burkeana Benth. = Jamesbrittenia burkeana POLYCARENA Benth. confusa Dinter = Jamesbrittenia canescens var. seineri discolor Schinz = Melanospermum foliosum elegantissima Schinz = Jamesbrittenia elegantissima foliosa Benth. = Melanospermum foliosum micrantha Klotzsch = Jamesbrittenia micrantha tranvaalensis Hiern = Melanospermum transvaalense multifida Benth. = Jamesbrittenia aurantiaca pedicellata Klotzsch = Jamesbrittenia micrantha RAPHIDOPHYLLUM Hochst. seineri Pilg. = Jamesbrittenia canescens var. seineri simplex Hochst. = Sopubia simplex

MACROSIPHON Hochst. RHAMPHICARPA Benth. emend. Engl. fistulosus Hochst. = Rhamphicarpa fistulosa brevipedicellata O.J.Hansen GAB PRE SRGH filicalyx E.A.Bruce = Cycnium filicalyx MANULEA L. fistulosa (Hochst.) Benth. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH S burchellii Hiern PRE (Macrosiphon fistulosus Hochst.) (M. simpliciflora Thell.) tubulosa (L.f.) Benth. = Cycnium tubulosum conferta Pilg. PRE subsp. tubulosum

104 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red SOLANACEAE

SELAGO L. gesnerioides (Willd.) Vatke ex Engl. C GAB K PRE PSUB albomarginata Hilliard PRE SRGH UCBG �� (S. alliodora Dinter ex Engl.) (Buchnera gesnerioides Willd.) alliodora Dinter ex Engl. = S. albomarginata (S. chloroleuca Dinter) angolensis Rolfe (S. orobanchoides (R.Br.) Benth.) (Walafrida angolensis (Rolfe) Rolfe) lutea Lour. = S. asiatica (Walafrida chongweënsis Rolfe) orobanchoides (R.Br.) Benth. = S. gesnerioides cecilae (Rolfe) Eyles PRE schimperiana Hochst. ex A.Rich. = Buchnera hispida chongweënsis (Rolfe) Torre & Harms = S. angolensis thunbergii Benth. = S. bilabiata var. bilabiata densiflora Rolfe s (S. densiflora Rolfe in part) SUTERA Roth (Walafrida densiflora (Rolfe) Rolfe in part) atropurpurea (Benth.) Hiern = Jamesbrittenia atropurpurea dinteri Rolfe subsp. dinteri PRE subsp. pubescens (Walafrida dinteri (Rolfe) Rolfe) aurantiaca (Burch.) Hiern = Jamesbrittenia aurantiaca (Walafrida fleckii Rolfe) batlapina Hiern = Jamesbrittenia integerrima dinteri Rolfe subsp. pseudodinteri Hilliard PRE blantyrensis Skan = Jamesbrittenia micrantha hoepfneri Rolfe in part = S. welwitschii var. welwitschii bolusii Hiern = Jamesbrittenia micrantha kurtdinteri Hilliard PRE burkeana (Benth.) Hiern = Jamesbrittenia burkeana lacunosa Klotzsch s concinna Hiern = Jamesbrittenia concinna (Walafrida lacunosa (Klotzsch) Rolfe) elegantissima (Schinz) Skan = Jamesbrittenia elegantissima nachtigalii Rolfe K SRGH fissifolia S.Moore = Jamesbrittenia micrantha (Walafrida nachtigalii (Rolfe) Rolfe) levis Hiern GAB K PRE paniculata Thunb. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG (S. palustris Hiern) (Walafrida paniculata (Thunb.) Rolfe) micrantha Hiern = Jamesbrittenia micrantha saxatilis E.Mey. GAB UCBG palustris Hiern = S. levis (Walafrida saxatilis (E.Mey.) Rolfe) rigida L.Bolus = Antherothamnus pearsonii welwitschii Rolfe var. australis Hilliard GAB PRE UCBG tenuis Pilg. = Jamesbrittenia concinna welwitschii Rolfe var. holubii (Rolfe) Brenan GAB K UCBG welwitschii Rolfe var. welwitschii GAB K LISC PRE TORENIA L. SRGH UCBG parviflora Buch.-Ham. ex Benth. = T. thouarsii spicata Engl. = Crepidorhopalon spicatus SOPUBIA Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don thouarsii (Cham. & Schltdl.) Kuntze BR GAB K PRE PSUB dregeana (Benth. ex Hochst.) Benth. var. tenuifolia Engl. & Gilg = SRGH S S. mannii var. tenuifolia (Nortenia thouarsii Cham. & Schltdl.) mannii Skan var. tenuifolia (Engl. & Gilg) Hepper BR GAB (T. parviflora Buch.-Ham. ex Benth.) K PRE PSUB � (S. dregeana Benth. var. tenuifolia Engl. & Gilg) WALAFRIDA E.Mey. (S. trifida Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don forma humilis Engl.) angolensis (Rolfe) Rolfe = Selago angolensis simplex (Hochst.) Hochst. PRE chongweënsis Rolfe = Selago angolensis (Raphidophyllum simplex Hochst.) densiflora (Rolfe) Rolfe in part = Selago densiflora trifida Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don forma humilis Engl. & Gilg = dinteri (Rolfe) Rolfe = Selago dinteri subsp. dinteri S. mannii var. tenuifolia fleckii Rolfe = Selago dinteri subsp. dinteri lacunosa (Klotzsch) Rolfe = Selago lacunosa STEMODIACRA P.Browne nachtigalii (Rolfe) Rolfe = Selago nachtigalii ceratophylloides Hiern = Limnophila ceratophylloides paniculata (Thunb.) Rolfe = Selago paniculata saxatilis (E.Mey.) Rolfe = Selago saxatilis STRIGA Lour. asiatica (L.) Kuntze BR GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � SOLANACEAE (Buchnera asiatica L.) (S. lutea Lour.) BRUGMANSIA Pers. bilabiata (Thunb.) Kuntze var. bilabiata C GAB K PRE PSUB ✹aurea (Lagerh.) Saff. PRE SRGH UCBG UPS � (Buchnera bilabiata Thunb.) DATURA L. (S. thunbergii Benth.) ✹ferox L. GAB PRE UCBG Ö chloroleuca Dinter = S. gesnerioides ✹inoxia Mill. subsp. inoxia GAB PRE PSUB UCBG Ö elegans Benth. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH � (D. meteloides Dunal) forbesii Benth. GAB K PRE PSUB � meteloides Dunal = D. inoxia subsp. inoxia

105 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana SOLANACEAE (cont.)

✹stramonium L. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG Ö somnifera L. = Withania somnifera (D. tatula L.) tatula L. = D. stramonium SOLANDRA Sw. lobata Murray = Hibiscus lobatus LYCIUM L. albiflorum Dammer = L. shawii SOLANUM L. arenicola Mierss aculeatissimum Jacq. PRE austrinum Miers = L. oxycarpum ✹americanum Mill. PRE PSUB bosciifolium Schinz GAB PRE UCBG (S. nodiflorum Jacq.) (L. dunaloides Dammer) aranoideum Dammer = S. supinum var. supinum (L. emarginatum Dammer) catombelense Peyr. PRE PSUB (L. namaquense Dammer) (S. rautanenii Schinz) (L. pauciflorum Dammer) (S. sparsiflorum Dammer) (L. schaeferi Dammer) chondropetalum Dammer = S. tettense var. renschii (L. squarrosum Dammer) coccineum Jacq. = S. tomentosum var. coccineum caespitosum Dinter & Dammer = L. cinereum delagoense Dunal GAB PRE PSUB UCBG cinereum Thunb. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (S. omahekense Dammer) (L. caespitosum Dinter & Dammer) (S. omitiomirense Dammer) (L. roridum Miers) incanum of authors not of L. = S. lichtensteinii dunaloides Dammer = L. bosciifolium kwebense N.E.Br. ex C.H.Wright = S. tettense var. renschii echinatum Dunal = L. horridum lichtensteinii Willd.s emarginatum Dammer = L. bosciifolium (S. incanum of authors not of L.) glandulosissimum Schinz = L. pilifolium luederitzii Schinz = S. tettense var. renschii hirsutum Dunal PRE lyratifolium Dammer = S. supinum var. supinum (L. pilosum Dammer) ✹nigrum L. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG horridum Thunb. PRE nodiflorum Jacq. = S. americanum (L. echinatum Dunal) omahekense Dammer = S. delagoense (L. kraussii Dunal) omitiomirense Dammer = S. delagoense (L. leptacanthum C.H.Wright) panduriforme E.Mey. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (L. minutiflorum Dammer) rautanenii Schinz = S. catombelense (L. omahekense Dammer) renschii Vatke = S. tettense var. renschii (L. oxycladum Miers) retroflexum Dunal PRE kraussii Dunal = L. horridum ✹ seaforthianum Andrews var. disjunctum O.E.Schulz PRE UCBG Ö leptacanthum C.H.Wright = L. horridum sparsiflorum Dammer = S. catombelense minutiflorum Dammer = L. horridum supinum Dunal var. supinum GAB PRE UCBG namaquense Dammer = L. bosciifolium (S. aranoideum Dammer) omahekense Dammer = L. horridum (S. lyratifolium Dammer) ovinum Dammer = L. shawii tenuiramosum Dammer = S. tettense var. renschii oxycarpum Dunal PSUB tettense Klotzsch var. renschii (Vatke) A.E.Gonç. PRE PSUB UCBG (L. austrinum Miers) (S. chondropetalum Dammer) oxycladum Miers = L. horridum (S. kwebense N.E.Br. ex C.H.Wright) pauciflorum Dammer = L. bosciifolium (S. luederitzii Schinz) pilosum Dammer = L. hirsutum (S. renschii Vatke) roridum Miers = L. cinereum (S. tenuiramosum Dammer) schaeferi Dammer = L. bosciifolium (S. upingtoniae Schinz) schizocalyx C.H.Wright PRE tettense Klotzsch var. tettense PRE shawii Roem. & Schult. PRE upingtoniae Schinz = S. tettensis var. renschii (L. albiflorum Dammer) WITHANIA Pauquy (L. ovinum Dammer) microphysalis Suess. = W. somnifera squarrosum Dammer = L. bosciifolium ✹somnifera (L.) Dunal GAB PRE UCBG villosum Schinz PRE (Physalis somnifera L.) (W. microphysalis Suess.) NICOTIANA L. SPHENOCLEACEAE ✹glauca Graham GAB PRE UCBG Ö

PHYSALIS L. SPHENOCLEA Gaertn. ✹angulata L. PRE PSUB zeylanica Gaertn. GAB K PRE

106 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red STERCULIACEAE

STERCULIACEAE (H. kirkii Mast.) (H. lugardii N.E.Br.) DOMBEYA Cav. nyasica Baker = H. glanduligera damarana K.Schum. = D. rotundifolia var. rotundifolia parvula Burtt Davy GAB PRE SRGH UCBG densiflora Planch. ex Harv. = D. rotundifolia var. rotundifolia procumbens Cav. subsp. myrrhifolia (Thunb.) De Winter PRE dinteri Schinz = D. rotundifolia var. rotundifolia quartiniana A.Rich. PRE rotundifolia (Hochst.) Planch. var. rotundifolia BM GAB K rautanenii Schinz ex K.Schum. PRE PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG resedifolia (Burch.) R.A.Dyer = H. erodioides (D. damarana K.Schum.) schinzii K.Schum. = H. stellulata (D. densiflora Planch. ex Harv.) seineri Engl. PRE (D. dinteri Schinz) seineri Engl. var. latifolia Engl. = H. eenii (Xeropetalum rotundifolium Hochst.) sinuata Burtt Davy = H. stellulata rotundifolia (Hochst.) Planch. var. velutina I.Verd. PRE stellulata (Harv.) K.Schum. GAB K PRE UCBG (H. abyssinica (Harv.) K.Schum.) HERMANNIA L. (H. adenotricha K.Schum.) abyssinica (Harv.) K.Schum. = H. stellulata (H. exilis Burtt Davy) adenotricha K.Schum. = H. stellulata (H. geminiflora Dinter & Engl.) angolensis K.Schum. = H. eenii ( H. quartiniana A.Rich. subsp. stellulata (K.Schum.) arabica Hochst. & Steud. ex Fisch. = H. modesta De Winter) boraginiflora Hook. BM GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (H. schinzii K.Schum.) brachypetala Harv.= H. tomentosa (H. sinuata Burtt Davy) brandtii Engl. ex Dinter = H. eenii (Mahernia abyssinica Hochst. ex Harv.) burchellii (Sweet) I.Verd. PRE (Mahernia stellulata Harv.) burkei Burtt Davy GAB PRE UCBG tomentosa (Turcz.) Schinz ex Engl. BM GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG comosa Burch. ex DC. BOL PRE SRGH (H. brachypetala Harv) cyclophylla K.Schum. = H. glanduligera (H. longiramosa Engl.) damarana Baker f. PRE SRGH (Mahernia tomentosa Turcz.) (H. lindquistii Engl.) eenii Baker f. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG MAHERNIA L. (H. angolensis K.Schum.) abyssinica Hochst. ex Harv. = Hermannia stellulata (H. brandtii Engl. ex Dinter) erodioides Burch. ex DC. = Hermannia erodioides (H. seineri Engl. var. latifolia Engl.) linnaeoides Burch. = Hermannia linnaeoides engleri Schinz PRE stellulata Harv. = Hermannia stellulata erodioides (Burch. ex DC.) Kuntze GAB PRE SRGH tomentosa Turcz. = Hermannia tomentosa (H. resedifolia (Burch.) R.A.Dyer) (Mahernia erodioides Burch. ex DC.) MELHANIA Forssk. exilis Burtt Davy = H. stellulata acuminata Mast. var. acuminata BM GAB K PRE filipes Harv. = H. modesta PSUB UCBG geminiflora Dinter & Engl. = H. stellulata acuminata Mast. var. agnosta (K.Schum.) Wild GAB PRE glanduligera K.Schum. GAB K PRE PSUB PSUB UCBG (H. cyclophylla K.Schum.) (M. agnosta K.Schum.) (H. inamoena K.Schum.) agnosta K.Schum. = M. acuminata var. agnosta (H. nyasica Baker) albicans Baker f. = M. burchellii guerkeana K.Schum. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG bolusii Burtt Davy = M. virescens helianthemum K.Schum. GAB K burchellii DC. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG holubii Burtt Davy = H. modesta (M. albicans Baker f.) inamoena K.Schum. = H. glanduligera damarana Harv. PRE kirkii Mast. = H. modesta didyma Eckl. & Zeyh. PRE lindquistii Engl. = H. damarana forbesii Planch. ex Mast. K PRE PSUB SRGH linnaeoides (Burch.) K.Schum. PRE (M. serrulata R.E.Fr.) (Mahernia linnaeoides Burch.) griquensis Bolus in part = M. rehmannii longiramosa Engl. = H. tomentosa griquensis Bolus in part = M. virescens lugardii N.E.Br. = H. modesta prostrata DC. K SRGH UCBG modesta (Ehrenb.) Mast. BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG rehmannii Szyszyl. BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (H. arabica Hochst. & Steud. ex Fisch.) (M. griquensis Bolus in part) (H. filipes Harv.) (M. rupestris Schinz) (H. holubii Burtt Davy) rupestris Schinz = M. rehmannii

107 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana STERCULIACEAE (cont.)

serrulata R.E.Fr. = M. forbesii (Lasiosiphon capitatus (L.f.) Burtt Davy) virescens (K.Schum.) K.Schum. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (Lasiosiphon linifolius Decne.) (M. bolusii Burtt Davy) hoepfneriana Gilg = G. kraussiana var. kraussiana (M. griquensis Bolus in part) insignis Compton PRE kraussiana Meisn. var. kraussiana GAB PRE MELOCHIA L. (G. hoepfneriana Gilg) corchorifolia L. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Lasiosiphon hoepfnerianus Vatke ex Gilg) (Lasiosiphon kraussii Meisn.) STERCULIA L. microcephala Meisn. PRE africana (Lour.) Fiori var. africana GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG polycephala (C.A.Mey.) Gilg GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (S. guerichii K.Schum.) (Arthrosolen polycephalus C.A.Mey.) (S. triphaca R.Br) sericocephala (Meisn.) Gilg ex Engl. GAB PRE (Triphaca africana Lour.) (Arthrosolen sericocephalus Meisn.) guerichii K.Schum. = S. africana var. africana rogersii N.E.Br. FHO GAB PRE UCBG LASIOSIPHON Fres. triphaca R.Br = S. africana var. africana burchellii Meisn. = Gnidia burchellii capitatus (L.f.) Burtt Davy = Gnidia capitata TRIPHACA Lour. hoepfnerianus Vatke ex Gilg = Gnidia kraussiana var. kraussiana africana Lour. = Sterculia africana var. africana kraussii Meisn. = Gnidia kraussiana var. kraussiana linifolius Decne. = Gnidia capitata WALTHERIA L. americana L. = W. indica TILIACEAE americana L. var. indica (L.) K.Schum. = W. indica americana L. var. subspicata K.Schum. = W. indica CHADARA Forssk. indica L. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG tenax Forssk = Grewia tenax var. tenax (W. americana L.) (W. americana L. var. indica (L.) K.Schum.) CORCHORUS L. (W. americana L. var. subspicata K.Schum.) asplenifolius Burch. BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (C. serrifolius Burch.) XEROPETALUM Delile confusus Wild PRE SRGH UCBG rotundifolium Hochst. = Dombeya rotundifolia var. rotundifolia kirkii N.E.Br. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (C. pongolensis Burtt Davy & Greenway) STRYCHNACEAE longipedunculatus Mast. PRE UCBG ✹olitorius L. var. olitorius GAB PRE PSUB SRGH STRYCHNOS L. pinnatipartitus Wild PRE SRGH cocculoides Baker FHO GAB PRE PSUB UCBG pongolensis Burtt Davy & Greenway = C. kirkii innocua Delile subsp. dysophylla (Benth.) I.Verd. = psammophilus Codd GAB PRE S. madagascariensis schimperi Cufod. PRE SRGH madagascariensis Poir. BM F GAB K PRE PSUB UCBG serrifolius Burch. = C. asplenifolius (S. innocua Delile subsp. dysophylla (Benth.) I.Verd.) ✹tridens L. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH potatorum L.f. K PRE SRGH ✹trilocularis L. GAB PRE SRGH (S. stuhlmannii Gilg) pungens Soler. K GAB PRE PSUB UCBG WAG GREWIA L. spinosa Lam. PRE PSUB UCBG albiflora K.Schum. = G. praecox stuhlmannii Gilg = S. potatorum avellana Hiern BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG usambarensis Gilg UCBG (G. calycina N.E.Br.) bicolor Juss. var. bicolor GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG THYMELAEACEAE (G. disticha Dinter & Burret) (G. kwebensis N.E.Br.) ARTHROSOLEN C.A.Mey. (G. miniata Mast. ex Hiern) polycephalus C.A.Mey. = Gnidia polycephala caffra Meisn. PSUB sericocephalus Meisn. = Gnidia sericocephala (G. fruticetorum J.R.Drummond ex Baker f.) calycina N.E.Br. = G. avellana GNIDIA L. cana Sond. = G. flava burchellii (Meisn.) Gilg GAB PRE UCBG congesta Weim. = G. praecox (Lasiosiphon burchellii Meisn.) cordata N.E.Br. = G. monticola capitata L.f. GAB PRE UCBG cyclopetala Wawra SRGH

108 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red VAHLIACEAE

deserticola Ulbr. = G. retinervis natans L. var. bispinosa (Roxb.) Makino GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH discolor Harv. = G. monticola UCBG S disticha Dinter & Burret = G. bicolor var. bicolor (T. bispinosa Roxb.) falcistipula K.Schum. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH flava DC. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG TURNERACEAE (G. cana Sond.) (G. hermannioides Harv.) STREPTOPETALUM Hochst. flavescens Juss. var. flavescens BM GAB K PRE PSUB UCBG serratum Hochst. BR K LISC PRE SRGH flavescens Juss. var. olukondae (Schinz) Wild GAB K PRE PSUB UCBG TRICLICERAS Thonn. ex DC. (G. olukondae Schinz) glanduliferum (Klotzsch) R.Fern. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH fruticetorum J.R.Drummond ex Baker f. = G. caffra UCBG hermannioides Harv. = G. flava (Wormskioldia glandulifera Klotzsch) hexamita Burret s lobatum (Urb.) R.Fern. GAB PRE PSUB (G. messinica Burtt Davy & Greenway) (Wormskioldia lobata Urb.) (G. schweickerdtii Burret) longepedunculatum (Mast.) R.Fern. var. longepedunculatum inaequilatera Garcke PRE PSUB BR GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG kwebensis N.E.Br. = G. bicolor var. bicolor (Wormskioldia longepedunculata Mast.) messinica Burtt Davy & Greenway = G. hexamita schinzii (Urb.) R.Fern. subsp. schinzii var. juttae (Dinter & miniata Mast. ex Hiern = G. bicolor var. bicolor Urb.) R.Fern. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG monticola Sond. BM K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Wormskioldia schinzii Urb.) (G. cordata N.E.Br.) (G. discolor Harv.) WORMSKIOLDIA Schumach. & Thonn. olukondae Schinz. glandulifera Klotzsch = Tricliceras glanduliferum (G. flavescens Juss. var. olukondae (Schinz) Wild) lobata Urb. = Tricliceras lobatum pachycalyx K.Schum. PRE PSUB longepedunculata Mast. = Tricliceras longepedunculatum var. populifolia Vahl = G. tenax var. tenax longepedunculatum praecox K.Schum. PRE schinzii Urb. = Tricliceras schinzii subsp. schinzii var. juttae (G. albiflora K.Schum.) (G. congesta Weim.) ULMACEAE retinervis Burret BK GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (The local representatives are now placed in (G. deserticola Ulbr.) Celtidaceae or Cannabaceae) schinzii K.Schum. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (G. velutinissima Dunkley) CELTIS L. schweickerdtii Burret = G. hexamita africana Burm.f. BM GAB PRE SRGH UCBG subspathulata N.E.Br. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (C. kraussiana Bernh.) tenax (Forssk.) Fiori var. tenax GAB PRE PSUB SRGH kraussiana Bernh. = C. africana UCBG (Chadara tenax Forssk.) CHAETACME Planch. (G. populifolia Vahl) aristata E.Mey. ex Planch. PRE SRGH UCBG velutinissima Dunkley = G. schinzii villosa Willd. var. villosa GAB K PRE UCBG URTICACEAE woodiana K.Schum. (G. micrantha Bojer) OBETIA Gaudich. tenax (N.E.Br.) Friis BM C GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG � TRIUMFETTA L. (Urera tenax N.E.Br.) annua L. forma annua PRE PSUB SRGH dekindtiana Engl. s POUZOLZIA Gaudich. pentandra A.Rich. var. pentandra GAB K PRE PSUB mixta Solms C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG UPS WAG � SRGH UCBG rhomboidea Jacq. var. rhomboidea PRE SRGH URERA Gaudich. tomentosa Bojer SRGH tenax N.E.Br. = Obetia tenax

TRAPACEAE VAHLIACEAE

TRAPA L. BISTELLA Adans. bispinosa Roxb. = T. natans var. bispinosa digyna (Retz.) Bullock = Vahlia digyna

109 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana VAHLIACEAE (cont.)

VAHLIA Thunb. (D. repens L.) capensis (L.f.) Thunb. subsp. vulgaris Bridson var. linearis plumieri Jacq. = D. erecta E.Mey. ex Bridson PRE PSUB UCBG repens L. = D. erecta (V. cynodonteti Dinter) capensis (L.f.) Thunb. subsp. vulgaris Bridson var. vulgaris GLANDULARIA J.F.Gmel. GAB K LISC PRE SRGH UCBG aristigera (S.Moore) Tronc. = Verbena aristigera cynodonteti Dinter = V. capensis subsp. vulgaris var. linearis K PRE SRGH GMELINA L. digyna (Retz.) Kuntze K LISC PRE SRGH UCBG indica Burm.f. = Flacourtia indica (Bistella digyna (Retz.) Bullock) (Oldenlandia decumbens Spreng.) KALAHARIA Baill. (Oldenlandia digyna Retz.) uncinata (Schinz) Moldenke = Rotheca uncinata (V. menyharthii Schinz) (V. ramosissima DC.) LANTANA L. (V. sessiliﬂora DC.) angolensis Moldenke GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (V. viscosa Roxb.) ✹camara L. PRE UCBG Ö menyharthii Schinz = V. digyna galpiniana H.Pearson = Lippia javanica ramosissima DC. = V. digyna mearnsii Moldenke var. latibracteolata Moldenke PRE sessiliﬂora DC. = V. digyna rugosa Thunb. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG viscosa Roxb. = V. digyna (L. salviifolia Jacq.) salviifolia Jacq. = L. rugosa VERBENACEAE ✹viburnoides (Forssk.) Vahl GAB UCBG

BOUCHEA Cham. LIPPIA L. adenostachya Schauer = Chascanum adenostachyum asperifolia Rich. = L. javanica hederacea Sond. = Chascanum hederaceum var. hederaceum javanica (Burm.f.) Spreng. GAB PRE UCBG incisa H.Pearson = Chascanum incisum (Lantana galpiniana H.Pearson) (L. asperifolia Rich.) CHASCANUM E.Mey. (Verbena javanica Burm.f.) adenostachyum (Schauer) Moldenke PRE nodiflora (L.) Michx. = Phyla nodiflora var. nodiflora (Bouchea adenostachya Schauer) scaberrima Sond. GAB PRE UCBG (Plexipus adenostachyus (Schauer) R.Fern.) hederaceum (Sond.) Moldenke var. hederaceum PRE UCBG PHYLA Lour. (Bouchea hederacea Sond.) nodiflora (L.) Greene var. nodiflora GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (Plexipus hederaceus (Sond.) R.Fern. var. hederaceus) (Lippia nodiflora (L.) Michx.) incisum (H.Pearson) Moldenke PRE (Bouchea incisa H.Pearson) PLEXIPUS Raf. (Plexipus incisus (H.Pearson) R.Fern.) adenostachyus (Schauer) R.Fern. = Chascanum incisum (H.Pearson) Moldenke var. canescens Moldenke = adenostachyum C. pumilum hederaceus (Sond.) R.Fern. var. hederaceus = Chascanum lignosum Dinter ex Moldenke = C. pumilum hederaceum var. hederaceum pinnatifidum (L.f.) E.Mey. var. pinnatifidum GAB PRE incisus (H.Pearson) R.Fern. = Chascanum incisum PSUB UCBG pinnatifidus (L.f.) R.Fern. var. pinnatifidus = Chascanum (Buchnera pinnatifida L.f.) pinnatifidum var. pinnatifidum (Plexipus pinnatifidus (L.f.) R.Fern. var. pinnatifidus) pumilus (E.Mey.) R.Fern. = Chascanum pumilum pumilum E.Mey. GAB PRE UCBG (C. incisum (H.Pearson) Moldenke var. canescens Moldenke) PRIVA Adans. (C. lignosum Dinter ex Moldenke) abyssinica Jaub. & Spach = P. cordifolia var. abyssinica (Plexipus pumilus (E.Mey.) R.Fern.) africana Moldenke PRE PSUB cordifolia (L.f.) Druce var. abyssinica (Jaub. & Spach) CYCLONEMA Hochst. Moldenke PRE PSUB myricoides Hochst. = Rotheca myricoides (P. abyssinica Jaub. & Spach) triphylla Harv. = Rotheca hirsuta cordifolia (L.f.) Druce var. flabelliformis Moldenke = P. flabelliformis (Moldenke) R.Fern. DURANTA L. flabelliformis (Moldenke) R.Fern. GAB ✹erecta L. PRE PSUB UCBG Ö (P. cordifolia (L.f.) Druce var. flabelliformis Moldenke) (D. plumieri Jacq.) meyeri Jaub. & Spach var. meyeri PRE

110 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red ZYGOPHYLLACEAE

VERBENA L. schlechteri Gilg & M.Brandt = Cyphostemma schlechteri ✹aristigera S.Moore GAB PRE UCBG unguiformifolius C.A.Sm. = Cyphostemma schlechteri (Glandularia aristigera (S.Moore) Tronc.) (Verbena tenuisecta Briq.) CYPHOSTEMMA (Planch.) Alston ✹bonariensis L. GAB PRE UCBG buchananii (Planch.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. BM PRE javanica Burm.f. = Lippia javanica (Cissus buchananii Planch.) tenuisecta Briq. = Verbena aristigera cirrhosum (Thunb.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. subsp. transvaalense (Szyszyl.) C.A.Sm. GAB K PRE PSUB UCBG � VIOLACEAE congestum (Baker) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH � HYBANTHUS Jacq. (Cissus fleckii Schinz) densifolius Engl. GAB K PRE PSUB (C. fleckii (Schinz) Desc.) ✹enneaspermus (L.) F.Muell. var. enneaspermus PRE (Vitis congesta Baker) ✹enneaspermus (L.) F.Muell. var. serratus Engl. BM PSUB fleckii (Schinz) Desc. = C. congestum hereroense (Schinz) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. CAH K VISCACEAE PRE PSUB SRGH ( Cissus hereroensis Schinz) VISCUM L. lanigerum (Harv.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. UCBG bosciae-foetidae Dinter = V. rotundifolium omburense (Gilg & M.Brandt) Desc. PRE combreticola Engl. PRE UCBG � puberulum (C.A.Sm.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. GAB K PRE glaucum Eckl. & Zeyh. = V. rotundifolium ( Cissus puberula C.A.Sm.) macowanii Engl. = V. rotundifolium schlechteri (Gilg & M.Brandt) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. rotundifolium L.f. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG � GAB PRE UCBG � (V. bosciae-foetidae Dinter) ( Cissus schlechteri Gilg & M.Brandt) (V. glaucum Eckl. & Zeyh.) (Cissus unguiformifolius C.A.Sm.) (V. macowanii Engl.) sulcatum (C.A.Sm.) J.J.van der Merwe UCBG (V. thymifolium C.Presl) (V. tricostatum E.Mey. ex Harv.) RHOICISSUS Planch. (V. ziziphi-mucronati Dinter) revoilii Planch. UCBG thymifolium C.Presl = V. rotundifolium tridentata (L.f.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. subsp. cuneifolia tricostatum E.Mey. ex Harv. = V. rotundifolium (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Urton GAB PRE PSUB UCBG verrucosum Harv. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG � (Cissus cuneifolia Eckl. & Zeyh.) ziziphi-mucronati Dinter = V. rotundifolium tridentata (L.f.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. subsp. tridentata PRE

VITACEAE VITIS. L congesta Baker = Cyphostemma congestum AMPELOCISSUS Planch. cornifolia Baker = Cissus cornifolia africana (Lour.) Merr. PRE PSUB UCBG obtusata Welw. ex Baker = Ampelocissus obtusata subsp. kirkiana (Vitis obtusata Welw. ex Baker) kirkiana Planch. = A. obtusata subsp. kirkiana ZYGOPHYLLACEAE obtusata (Welw. ex Baker) Planch. subsp. kirkiana (Planch.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. GAB PRE UCBG FAGONIA. L (A. kirkiana Planch.) isotricha Murb. var. isotricha PRE (Vitis obtusata Welw. ex Baker) sinaica Boiss. var. minutistipula (Engl.) Hadidi PRE UCBG ( F. minutistipula Engl.) CISSUS L. minutistipula Engl. = F. sinaica var. minutistipula buchananii Planch. = Cyphostemma buchananii cornifolia (Baker) Planch. GAB PRE SRGH UCBG TRIBULUS .L (Cissus lonicerifolia C.A.Sm.) excrucians Wawra PRE (Vitis cornifolia Baker) terrestris L. var. terrestris BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG cuneifolia Eckl. & Zeyh. = Rhoicissus tridentata subsp. cuneifolia zeyheri Sond. subsp. zeyheri BM GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ﬂeckii Schinz = Cyphostemma congestum hereroensis Schinz = Cyphostemma hereroense ZYGOPHYLLUM .L lonicerifolia C.A.Sm. = Cyphostemma cornifolia leucocladum Diels PRE � puberula C.A.Sm. = Cyphostemma puberulum pubescens Schinz BM GAB PRE SRGH UCBG � quadrangularis L. var. quadrangularis PRE UCBG � simplex L. GAB PRE PSUB � rotundifolius (Forssk.) Vahl PRE � tenue P.E.Glover PRE �

111 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana MONOCOTYLEDONS

AGAVACEAE ALLIACEAE

AGAVE. L TULBAGHIA L. altissima Zumagl. = A. americana subsp. americana var. acutiloba Harv. GAB PRE UCBG americana campanulata N.E.Br. = T. cernua ✹ americana L. subsp. americana var. americana Ös cernua Avé-Lall. PRE UCBG ( A. altissima Zumagl.) (T. campanulata N.E.Br.) (A. complicata Trel. ex Ochot.) leucantha Baker GAB UCBG (A. felina Trel.) (A. gracilispina (Rol.-Goss.) Engelm. ex Trel.) AMARYLLIDACEAE (A. melliflua Trel.) (A. rasconensis Trel.) AMMOCHARIS Herb. (A. salmiana Otto ex Salm-Dyck var. gracilispina Rol.-Goss.) coranica (Ker Gawl.) Herb. GAB PRE UCBG (A. subzonata Trel.) tinneana (Kotschy & Peyr.) Milne-Redh. & Schweick. PRE (A. vera-cruz J.R.Drumm. & Prain) PSUB UCBG (A. zonata Trel.) complicata Trel. ex Ochot. = A. americana subsp. americana BOOPHONE Herb. var. americana disticha (L.f.) Herb. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG felina Trel. = A. americana subsp. americana var. americana (B. longepedicellata Pax) gracilispina (Rol.-Goss.) Engelm. ex Trel. = A. americana longepedicellata Pax = B. disticha subsp. americana var. americana melliflua Trel. = A. americana subsp. americana var. BRUNSVIGIA Heist. americana radulosa Herb. GAB PRE rasconensis Trel. = A. americana subsp. americana var. americana CHAPMANOLIRION Dinter salmiana Otto ex Salm-Dyck var. gracilispina Rol.-Goss. = juttae Dinter = Pancratium tenuifolium A. americana subsp. americana var. americana ✹ sisalina Perrine Ös CRINUM L. subzonata Trel. = A. americana subsp. americana var. buphanoides Welw. ex Baker PRE americana carolo-schmidtii Dinter PRE PSUB UCBG vera-cruz J.R.Drumm. & Prain = A. americana subsp. crassicaule Baker GAB PRE PSUB americana var. americana (C. foetidum I.Verd.) zonata Trel. = A. americana subsp. americana var. crispum E.Phillips = C. lugardiae americana delagoense I.Verd. = C. stuhlmannii euchrophyllum I.Verd. GAB PSUB ALISMATACEAE foetidum I.Verd. = C. crassicaule harmsii Baker s ALISMA. L lugardiae N.E.Br. PRE PSUB UCBG ✹plantago-aquatica L. PSUB S (C. crispum E.Phillips) (C. polyphyllum Baker) BURNATIA Micheli macowanii Baker PRE enneandra Micheli PRE PSUB S minimum Milne-Redh. PRE paludosum I.Verd. PRE S CALDESIA Parl. polyphyllum Baker = C. lugardiae ✹parnassifolia (Bassi) Parl. GAB PSUB rautanenianum Schinz GAB PRE PSUB reniformis (D.Don) Makino PRE PSUB S stuhlmannii Baker PRE (C. delagoense I.Verd.) LIMNOPHYTON Miq. angolense Buchenau PRE PSUB S GETHYLLIS L. obtusifolium (L.) Miq. PRE PSUB S transkarooica D.Müll.-Doblies PRE

WIESNERIA Micheli HAEMANTHUS L. schweinfurthii Hook.f. GAB PRE UCBG S humilis Jacq. subsp. humilis PRE

112 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red ANTHERICACEAE

montanus Baker PRE gilvum K.Krause var. brunneolum Poelln. = Trachyandra arvensis multiflorus Martyn = Scadoxus m ultiflorus subsp. multiflorus glutinosum Dinter = Trachyandra laxa var. laxa sacculus E.Phillips = Scadoxus multiflorus subsp. multiflorus gracilitepalum Poelln. = Trachyandra saltii var. saltii hereroense Schinz = Chlorophytum fasciculatum NERINE Herb. hereroense Schinz var. longibracteatum Poelln. = duparquetiana Baker = N. laticoma Chlorophytum fasciculatum falcata W.F.Barker = N. laticoma junodii Baker = Chlorophytum galpinii var. galpinii gaberonensis Bremek. & Oberm. PRE kässneri Poelln. = Trachyandra saltii var. saltii laticoma (Ker Gawl.) T.Durand & Schinz GAB PRE UCBG krauseanum Dinter = Chlorophytum krauseanum (N. duparquetiana Baker) kyllingioides K.Krause = Chlorophytum krauseanum (N. falcata W.F.Barker) lanzae Cufod. = Trachyandra saltii var. saltii (N. lucida (Herb.) Herb.) laxum N.E.Br. = Trachyandra laxa var. laxa lucida (Herb.) Herb. = N. laticoma longistylum Baker = Chlorophytum recurvifolium lunatum Poelln. = Chlorophytum longifolium PANCRATIUM L. lydenburgense Poelln. = Chlorophytum fasciculatum chapmannii Harv. = P. tenuifolium micranthum Baker = Trachyandra saltii var. saltii tenuifolium Hochst. ex A.Rich. GAB PRE UCBG milanjianum Rendle = Chlorophytum sphacelatum var. (Chapmanolirion juttae Dinter) milanjianum (P. chapmannii Harv.) multisetosum Baker = Chlorophytum angulicaule nigrobracteatum Dinter = Trachyandra laxa var. laxa SCADOXUS Raf. oatesii Baker = Trachyandra saltii var. saltii multiflorus (Martyn) Raf. subsp. multiflorus GAB PRE otavense Engl. & K.Krause = Chlorophytum anceps PSUB UCBG pachyrrhizum Dinter = Trachyandra laxa var. laxa (Haemanthus multiflorus Martyn) pallidiflavum Engl. & Gilg = Trachyandra arvensis (Haemanthus sacculus E.Phillips) patulum Baker = Chlorophytum galpinii var. galpinii puniceus (L.) Friis & Nordal UCBG polyphyllum Baker = Chlorophytum recurvifolium princeae Engl. & K.Krause var. latifolium Poelln. = ANTHERICACEAE Chlorophytum sphacelatum var. milanjianum pungens Poelln. = Chlorophytum krauseanum ANTHERICUM L. rautanenii Schinz = Chlorophytum anceps amboense Poelln. = Trachyandra saltii var. saltii recurvifolium Baker = Chlorophytum recurvifolium anceps Baker = Chlorophytum anceps reflexipilosa (Kuntze) Oberm. = Trachyandra saltii var. saltii angulicaule Baker = Chlorophytum angulicaule rehmannii Baker = Chlorophytum galpinii var. galpinii aristatum Poelln. = Trachyandra saltii var. saltii rigens Poelln. = Chlorophytum krauseanum arvense Schinz = Trachyandra arvensis robustum Baker = Chlorophytum angulicaule arvense Schinz var. rigidum Suess. = Trachyandra laxa var. rigida rubrovittatum Poelln. = Chlorophytum angulicaule bakerianum Poelln. = Chlorophytum galpinii var. galpinii saltii Baker = Trachyandra saltii var. saltii betschuanicum Poelln. = Trachyandra saltii var. saltii saltii Baker var. oatesii (Baker) Oberm. = Trachyandra saltii brachyphyllum Suess. = Chlorophytum krauseanum var. saltii brevitepalum Poelln. = Trachyandra saltii var. saltii saltii Baker var. secunda (K.Krause & Dinter) Oberm. = brunneoviride Dinter ex Poelln. = Trachyandra laxa var. laxa Trachyandra saltii var. saltii buchubergense Poelln. = Trachyandra laxa var. laxa subulatum Baker = Chlorophytum fasciculatum burkei Baker = Trachyandra burkei suessenguthii Sölch = Chlorophytum krauseanum cepaefolium Dinter = Trachyandra saltii var. saltii whytei Baker = Chlorophytum sphacelatum var. milanjianum conrathii Baker = Chlorophytum fasciculatum wilmsii Diels ex Poelln. = Chlorophytum fasciculatum crassiusculum Dinter = Trachyandra saltii var. saltii delagoense Poelln. = Chlorophytum galpinii var. galpinii CHLOROPHYTUM Ker Gawl. emend. Nordal dinteri Poelln. = Trachyandra laxa var. laxa anceps (Baker) Kativu GAB PRE drimiopsis Baker = Chlorophytum longifolium (Anthericum anceps Baker) elongatum Willd. var. holostachyum Baker = Trachyandra saltii (Anthericum otavense Engl. & K.Krause) var. saltii (Anthericum rautanenii Schinz) erraticum Oberm. = Trachyandra laxa var. rigida angulicaule (Baker) Kativu s fasciculatum Baker = Chlorophytum fasciculatum (Anthericum angulicaule Baker) flavoviride Baker = Trachyandra arvensis (Anthericum multisetosum Baker) friesii Weim. = Chlorophytum sphacelatum var. milanjianum (Anthericum robustum Baker) galpinii Baker = Chlorophytum galpinii var. galpinii (Anthericum rubrovittatum Poelln.) gilvum K.Krause = Trachyandra arvensis bowkeri Baker s

113 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana ANTHERICACEAE (cont.)

(C. nigricans Baker) sphacelatum (Baker) Kativu subsp. milanjianum (Rendle) Kativu (C. perlongibracteatum Poelln.) = C. sphacelatum var. milanjianum (C. stamineum Zahlbr.) sphacelatum (Baker) Kativu var. milanjianum (Rendle) Nordal (C. strictum Baker) GAB PRE (C. wilmsii Engl. & K.Krause) (Anthericum friesii Weim.) brachystachyum Baker PRE (Anthericum milanjianum Rendle) (C. trachycarpum Oberm.) (Anthericum princeae Engl. & K.Krause var. latifolium Poelln.) dolomiticum Dinter = C. longifolium (Anthericum whytei Baker) drimiopsis (Baker) Poelln. = C. longifolium (C. sphacelatum (Baker) Kativu subsp. milanjianum fasciculatum (Baker) Kativu GAB PRE UCBG (Rendle) Kativu) (Anthericum conrathii Baker) stamineum Zahlbr. = C. bowkeri (Anthericum fasciculatum Baker) strictum Baker = C. bowkeri ( Anthericum hereroense Schinz var. longibracteatum trachycarpum Oberm. = C. brachystachyum Poelln.) tsumebensis Dinter = C. longifolium (Anthericum hereroense Schinz) welwitschii Poelln. = C. longifolium (Anthericum lydenburgense Poelln.) wilmsii Engl. & K.Krause = C. bowkeri (Anthericum subulatum Baker) (Anthericum wilmsii Diels ex Poelln.) DASYSTACHYS Baker galpinii (Baker) Kativu var. galpinii GAB drimiopsis (Baker) Benth. = Chlorophytum longifolium (Anthericum bakerianum Poelln.) falcata Baker = Chlorophytum longifolium (Anthericum delagoense Poelln.) papillosa (Rendle) Baker = Chlorophytum longifolium (Anthericum galpinii Baker) (Anthericum junodii Baker) APONOGETONACEAE (Anthericum patulum Baker) (Anthericum rehmannii Baker) APONOGETON L.f. galpinii (Baker) Kativu var. matabelense (Baker) Kativu PRE afroviolaceus Lye GAB S krauseanum (Dinter) Kativu PRE desertorum Zeyh. ex A.Spreng. PRE S (Anthericum brachyphyllum Suess.) junceus Lehm. ex Schltdl. subsp. rehmannii (Oliv.) Oberm. = (Anthericum krauseanum Dinter) A. rehmannii (Anthericum kyllingioides K.Krause) rehmannii Oliv. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S (Anthericum pungens Poelln.) (A. junceus Lehm. ex Schltdl. subsp. rehmannii (Oliv.) Oberm.) (Anthericum rigens Poelln.) stuhlmannii Engl. GAB PRE UCBG S (Anthericum suessenguthii Sölch) violaceus Lye = A. afroviolaceus Lye longifolium Baker GAB PRE (Anthericum drimiopsis Baker) ARACEAE (Anthericum lunatum Poelln.) (C. dolomiticum Dinter) PISTIA L. (C. drimiopsis (Baker) Poelln.) ✹stratiotes L. GAB PRE PSUB SÖ (C. papillosum Rendle) (C. pleiophyllum Poelln.) ZANTEDESCHIA Spreng. (C. poricolum Poelln.) ✹aethiopica (L.) Spreng. GAB PRE UCBG (C. tsumebensis Dinter) (C. welwitschii Poelln.) ARECACEAE (PALMAE) (Dasystachys drimiopsis (Baker) Benth.) (Dasystachys falcata Baker) HYPHAENE Gaertn. (Dasystachys papillosa (Rendle) Baker) coriacea Gaertn. s nigricans Baker = C. bowkeri petersiana Klotzsch ex Mart. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG papillosum Rendle = C. longifolium pauper Poelln. PRE PHOENIX L. perlongibracteatum Poelln. = C. bowkeri reclinata Jacq. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S pleiophyllum Poelln. = C. longifolium polyphyllum (Baker) Kativu = C. recurvifolium ASPARAGACEAE poricolum Poelln. = C. longifolium recurvifolium (Baker) C.Archer & Kativu GAB PRE ASPARAGUS L. (Anthericum longistylum Baker) africanus Lam. GAB UCBG (Anthericum polyphyllum Baker) aspergillus Jessop GAB PRE UCBG (C. polyphyllum (Baker) Kativu) bechuanicus Baker K PRE

114 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red ASPHODELACEAE

(Protasparagus bechuanicus (Baker) Oberm.) schroederi (Engl.) Oberm. = Asparagus schroederi buchananii Baker PRE striatus (L.f.) Oberm. = Asparagus striatus (Protasparagus buchananii (Baker) Oberm.) suaveolens (Burch.) Oberm. = Asparagus suaveolens burkei Baker = A. cooperi cooperi Baker PRE UCBG ASPHODELACEAE (A. burkei Baker) (A. rivalis Burch. ex Kies) ALOE L. (Protasparagus cooperi (Baker) Oberm.) aculeata Pole Evans K PRE SRGH � denudatus (Kunth) Oberm. s ammophila Reynolds = A. zebrina exuvialis Burch. forma exuvialis GAB PRE UCBG angolensis Baker PRE � flavicaulis (Oberm.) Fellingham & N.L.Mey. subsp. flavicaulis (A. esculenta L.C.Leach) PRE UCBG (A. littoralis Baker x A. zebrina Baker) (Protasparagus flavicaulis Oberm. subsp. flavicaulis) angustifolia Groenew. = A. zebrina laricinus Burch. GAB PRE UCBG arborea Medik. = A. arborescens (Protasparagus laricinus (Burch.) Oberm.) arborescens Mill. PRE �s longicladus N.E.Br. PRE (A. arborea Medik.) (Protasparagus longicladus (N.E.Br.) B.Mathew) (A. arborescens Mill. var. frutescens (Salm-Dyck) Link) nelsii Schinz GAB PRE UCBG (A. arborescens Mill. var. milleri A.Berger) (Protasparagus nelsii (Schinz) Oberm.) (A. arborescens Mill. var. natalensis (J.M.Wood & M.S.Evans) nodulosus (Oberm.) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork PRE A.Berger) (Protasparagus nodulosus Oberm.) (A. arborescens Mill. var. pachythyrsa A.Berger) obermeyerae Jessop = A. schroederi (A. frutescens Salm-Dyck) pearsonii Kies s (A. fruticosa Lam.) pendulus (Oberm.) J.-P.Lebrun & Stork PRE (A. mutabilis Pillans) (Protasparagus pendulus Oberm.) (A. natalensis J.M.Wood & M.S.Evans) puberulus Baker GAB arborescens Mill. var. frutescens (Salm-Dyck) Link = racemosus Willd. PRE A. arborescens (A. saundersiae Baker) arborescens Mill. var. milleri A.Berger = A. arborescens (Protasparagus racemosus (Willd.) Oberm.) arborescens Mill. var. natalensis (J.M.Wood & M.S.Evans) A.Berger rivalis Burch. ex Kies = A. cooperi = A. arborescens saundersiae Baker = A. racemosus arborescens Mill. var. pachythyrsa A.Berger = A. arborescens schroederi Engl. GAB PRE UCBG bamangwatensis Schönland = A. zebrina (A. obermeyerae Jessop) baumii Engl. & Gilg = A. zebrina (Protasparagus schroederi (Engl.) Oberm.) chabaudii Schönland �s setaceus (Kunth) Oberm. GAB UCBG constricta Baker = A. zebrina striatus (L.f.) Thunb. s cryptopoda Baker GAB PRE UCBG � (Protasparagus striatus (L.f.) Oberm.) (A. pienaarii Pole Evans) suaveolens Burch. GAB PRE UCBG (A. wickensii Pole Evans var. lutea Reynolds) (Protasparagus suaveolens (Burch.) Oberm.) (A. wickensii Pole Evans var. wickensii) virgatus (Bak.) Oberm. UCBG esculenta L.C.Leach = A. angolensis wildemanii Weim. UCBG excelsa A.Berger var. excelsa GAB K SRGH � ferox Mill. var. xanthostachys A.Berger = A. marlothii subsp. PROTASPARAGUS Oberm. marlothii bechuanicus (Baker) Oberm. = Asparagus bechuanicus frutescens Salm-Dyck = A. arborescens buchananii (Baker) Oberm. = Asparagus buchananii fruticosa Lam. = A. arborescens cooperi (Baker) Oberm. = Asparagus cooperi globuligemma Pole Evans K PRE SRGH � denudatus (Kunth) Oberm. = Asparagus denudatus greatheadii Schönland var. greatheadii GRA PRE � exuvialis (Burch.) Oberm. forma exuvialis = Asparagus exuvialis (A. pallidiflora A.Berger) forma exuvialis hereroensis Engl. SRGH UCBG � flavicaulis Oberm. subsp. flavicaulis = Asparagus flavicaulis komatiensis Reynolds = A. zebrina subsp. flavicaulis laxissima Reynolds = A. zebrina laricinus (Burch.) Oberm. = Asparagus laricinus lettyae Reynolds = A. zebrina longicladus (N.E.Br.) B.Mathew = Asparagus longicladus littoralis Baker GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � nelsii (Schinz) Oberm. = Asparagus nelsii (A. angolensis Baker) nodulosus Oberm. = Asparagus nodulosus (A. rubrolutea Schinz) pendulus Oberm. = Asparagus pendulus (A. schinzii Baker) racemosus (Willd.) Oberm. = Asparagus racemosus littoralis Baker x A. zebrina Baker = A. angolensis

115 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana ASPHODELACEAE (cont.)

lugardiana Baker = A. zebrina (B. otaviensis (Poelln.) Sölch) lutescens Groenew GAB K SRGH � (B. stenophylla I.Verd.) marlothii A.Berger subsp. marlothii PRE SRGH UCBG � caulescens L. = B. frutescens (A. ferox Mill. var. xanthostachys A.Berger) decurvata Peter ex Poelln. = B. abyssinica (A. marlothii A.Berger var. bicolor Reynolds) densiflora Baker = B. narcissifolia (A. marlothii A.Berger var. marlothii) frutescens (L.) Willd. UCBG � (A. spectabilis Reynolds) (B. caulescens L.) (A. supralaevis Haw. var. hanburyi Baker) hamata Peter ex Poelln. = B. abyssinica marlothii A.Berger var. bicolor Reynolds = A. marlothii subsp. huilensis Poelln. = B. abyssinica marlothii latibracteata Poelln. = B. narcissifolia marlothii A.Berger var. marlothii = A. marlothii subsp. marlothii latitepala Poelln. = B. abyssinica mutabilis Pillans = A. arborescens lydenburgenis Poelln. = B. capitata natalensis J.M.Wood & M.S.Evans = A. arborescens narcissifolia Salm-Dyck GAB K PRE SRGH � pallidiflora A.Berger = A. greatheadii var. greatheadii (B. densiflora Baker) pienaarii Pole Evans = A. cryptopoda (B. latibracteata Poelln.) platyphylla Baker = A. zebrina otaviensis (Poelln.) Sölch = B. capitata rubrolutea Schinz = A. littoralis stenophylla I.Verd. = B. capitata schinzii Baker = A. littoralis tortifolia I.Verd. = B. angustifolia spectabilis Reynolds = A. marlothii subsp. marlothii xanthobotrys Engl. & Gilg = B. abyssinica supralaevis Haw. var. hanburyi Baker = A. marlothii subsp. marlothii BULBINELLA Kunth transvaalensis Kuntze = A. zebrina burkei (Baker) Benth. & Hook.f. = Trachyandra burkei vandermerwei Reynolds = A. zebrina zebrina Baker BR GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG � CHORTOLIRION A.Berger (A. ammophila Reynolds) angolense (Baker) A.Berger K PRE SRGH (A. angustifolia Groenew.) (C. bergerianum Dinter) (A. bamangwatensis Schönland) (C. stenophyllum (Baker) A.Berger) (A. baumii Engl. & Gilg) (C. subspicatum A.Berger) (A. constricta Baker) (C. tenuifolium (Engl.) A.Berger) (A. komatiensis Reynolds) (Haworthia angolensis Baker) (A. laxissima Reynolds) (Haworthia saundersiae Baker) (A. lettyae Reynolds) (Haworthia stenophylla Baker) (A. lugardiana Baker) (Haworthia subspicata Baker) (A. platyphylla Baker) (Haworthia tenuifolia Engl.) (A. transvaalensis Kuntze) bergerianum Dinter = C. angolense (A. vandermerwei Reynolds) stenophyllum (Baker) A.Berger = C. angolense wickensii Pole Evans var. lutea Reynolds = A. cryptopoda subspicatum A.Berger = C. angolense wickensii Pole Evans var. wickensii = A. cryptopoda tenuifolium (Engl.) A.Berger = C. angolense

BULBINE Wolf HAWORTHIA Duval abyssinica A.Rich. BM C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG UPS WAG � angolensis Baker = Chortolirion angolense (B. asphodeloides (L.) Spreng. var. filifolioides De Wild.) saundersiae Baker = Chortolirion angolense (B. asphodeloides (L.) Spreng. var. monticola Poelln.) stenophylla Baker = Chortolirion angolense (B. decurvata Peter ex Poelln.) subspicata Baker = Chortolirion angolense (B. hamata Peter ex Poelln.) tenuifolia Engl. = Chortolirion angolense (B. huilensis Poelln.) (B. latitepala Poelln.) TRACHYANDRA Kunth (B. xanthobotrys Engl. & Gilg) arvensis (Schinz) Oberm. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG angustifolia Poelln. PRE SRGH � (Anthericum arvense Schinz) (B. tortifolia I.Verd.) (Anthericum flavoviride Baker) asphodeloides (L.) Spreng. var. filifolioides De Wild. = (Anthericum gilvum K.Krause) B. abyssinica (Anthericum gilvum K.Krause var. brunneolum Poelln.) asphodeloides (L.) Spreng. var. monticola Poelln. = B. abyssinica (Anthericum pallidiflavum Engl. & Gilg) asphodeloides (L.) Spreng. var. otaviensis Poelln. = B. capitata burkei (Baker) Oberm. GAB PRE UCBG capitata Poelln. GAB K PRE � (Anthericum burkei Baker) (B. asphodeloides (L.) Spreng. var. otaviensis Poelln.) (Bulbinella burkei (Baker) Benth. & Hook.f.) (B. lydenburgenis Poelln.) laxa (N.E.Br.) Oberm. var. erratica (Oberm.) Oberm. = T. laxa var. rigida

116 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red COMMELINACEAE

laxa (N.E.Br.) Oberm. var. laxa GAB K PRE UCBG hockii De Wild. GAB PRE UCBG � (Anthericum brunneoviride Dinter ex Poelln.) johnstonii K.Schum. GAB PRE � (Anthericum buchubergense Poelln.) (Anthericum dinteri Poelln.) COMMELINA L. (Anthericum glutinosum Dinter) africana L. var. africana UCBG � (Anthericum laxum N.E.Br.) (C. africana L. var. boehmiana (K.Schum.) Brenan) (Anthericum nigrobracteatum Dinter) (C. africana L. var. brevipila Brenan) (Anthericum pachyrrhizum Dinter) (C. africana L. var. milleri Brenan) laxa (N.E.Br.) Oberm. var. rigida (Suess.) Roessler GAB K (C. africana L. var. villosior (C.B.Clarke) Brenan) SRGH UCBG (C. karooica C.B.Clarke) (Anthericum arvense Schinz var. rigidum Suess.) africana L. var. barberae (C.B.Clarke) C.B.Clarke PRE UCBG � (Anthericum erraticum Oberm.) africana L. var. boehmiana (K.Schum.) Brenan = C. africana var. (T. laxa (N.E.Br.) Oberm. var. erratica (Oberm.) Oberm.) krebsiana saltii (Baker) Oberm. var. saltii C GAB K PRE UCBG africana L. var. brevipila Brenan = C. africana var. krebsiana (Anthericum amboense Poelln.) africana L. var. krebsiana (Kunth) C.B.Clarke PRE UCBG � (Anthericum aristatum Poelln.) africana L. var. lancispatha C.B.Clarke PRE UCBG � (Anthericum betschuanicum Poelln.) africana L. var. milleri Brenan = C. africana var. krebsiana (Anthericum brevitepalum Poelln.) africana L. var. villosior (C.B.Clarke) Brenan = C. africana var. krebsiana (Anthericum cepaefolium Dinter) albescens in sense of authors not of Hassk. = C. livingstonii (Anthericum crassiusculum Dinter) aspera Benth. PRE UCBG � (Anthericum elongatum Willd. var. holostachyum Baker) benghalensis L. PRE PSUB UCBG � (Anthericum gracilitepalum Poelln.) bracteosa Hassk. = C. erecta (Anthericum kässneri Poelln.) diffusa Burm.f. subsp. diffusa GAB PRE PSUB UCBG �S (Anthericum lanzae Cufod.) diffusa Burm.f. subsp. scandens (C.B.Clarke) Oberm. GAB PRE (Anthericum micranthum Baker) PSUB UCBG �S (Anthericum oatesii Baker) (C. scandens Welw. ex C.B.Clarke) (Anthericum reflexipilosa (Kuntze) Oberm.) eckloniana Kunth GAB PSUB � (Anthericum saltii Baker) erecta L. PRE � (Anthericum saltii Baker var. oatesii (Baker) Oberm.) (C. bracteosa Hassk.) (Anthericum saltii Baker var. secunda (K.Krause& Dinter) Oberm.) (C. gerrardii C.B.Clarke) (C. sphaerosperma C.B.Clarke) COLCHICACEAE (C. undulata R.Br.) fluviatilis Brenan K PSUB �S ANDROCYMBIUM Willd. forskaolii Vahl GAB PRE PSUB UCBG � gramineum in sense of author not of (Cav.) J.F.Macbr. = gerrardii C.B.Clarke = C. erecta A. roseum imberbis Hassk. PRE � melanthioides Willd. subsp. melanthioides PRE UCBG (C. kotschyi Hassk.) roseum Engl. PRE karooica C.B.Clarke = C. africana var. barberae kotschyi Hassk. = C. imberbis CAMPTORRHIZA Hutch. livingstonii C.B.Clarke GAB PRE UCBG � schlechteri (Engl.) E.Phillips = C. strumosa macrosphatha Gilg & Lederm. GAB � strumosa (Baker) Oberm. GAB PRE petersii Hassk. PRE PSUB � (C. schlechteri (Engl.) E.Phillips) scandens Welw. ex C.B.Clarke = C. diffusa subsp. scandens sphaerosperma C.B.Clarke = C. erecta GLORIOSA L. subulata Roth GAB PRE PSUB UCBG � superba L. GAB PRE UCBG undulata R.Br. = C. erecta (G. virescens Lindl.) virescens Lindl. = G. superba zambesica C.B.Clarke GAB PRE PSUB �

IPHIGENIA Kunth CYANOTIS D.Don bechuanica Baker GAB PRE foecunda Hassk. GAB PRE PSUB lanata Benth. GAB PRE ORNITHOGLOSSUM Salisb. nodiﬂora Kunth = C. speciosa vulgare B.Nord. PRE UCBG speciosa (L.f.) Hassk. GAB PRE UCBG � (C. nodiﬂora Kunth) COMMELINACEAE FLOSCOPA Lour. ANEILEMA R.Br. glomerata (Willd. ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Hassk. GAB PRE �S

117 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana COMMELINACEAE (cont.)

(F. rivularis (A.Rich.) C.B.Clarke) CYPERUS L. leiothyrsa Brenan PRE PSUB S albostriatus Schrad. PRE UCBG rivularis (A.Rich.) C.B.Clarke = F. glomerata alopecuroides Rottb. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S (Juncellus alopecuroides (Rottb.) C.B.Clarke) CYPERACEAE amabilis Vahl GAB PRE PSUB aristatus Rottb. var. atriceps Kük. = Mariscus aristatus var. atriceps ABILDGAARDIA Vahl aromaticus (Ridley) Mattf. & Kük. GAB hispidula (Vahl) K.Lye var. pyriformis Lye = Bulbostylis hispidula articulatus L. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S subsp. pyriformis austro-africanus (ined.) PRE triflora (L.) Abeyw. GAB PRE PSUB (Mariscus dregeanus Kunth) bellus Kunth PRE PSUB ANOSPORUM Nees (C. remotiflorus Kük.) pectinatus (Vahl) Lye = Cyperus pectinatus brevifolius (Rottb.) Hask. subsp. intricatus (Cherm.) K.Lye GAB PSUB BOLBOSCHOENUS (Asch.) Palla capensis (Steud.) Endl. s glaucus (Lam.) S.G.Sm. PRE S chersinus (N.E.Br.) Kük. PRE maritimus (L.) Palla GAB PSUB S (Mariscus bullatus (Kük.) Podlech) (Scirpus maritimus L.) (Mariscus chersinus N.E.Br.) clavinux C.B.Clarke GAB PRE PSUB BULBOSTYLIS Kunth compactus Lam. = C. obtusiflorus var. obtusiflorus barbata (Rottb.) Kunth GAB compressus L. GAB PRE UCBG breviculmis Kunth = B. humilis cuspidatus Kunth PRE burchellii (Ficalho & Hiern) C.B.Clarke GAB PRE UCBG (C. uncinatus in sense of C.B.Clarke not of Poir.) collina (Kunth) C.B.Clarke = B. contexta cyperoides (L.) Kuntze subsp. cyperoides PRE contexta (Nees) M.Bodard PRE (?Mariscus alternifolius in sense of S.S.Hooper not of Vahl) (B. collina (Kunth) C.B.Clarke) (Mariscus nossibeensis Steud.) (B. kirkii C.B.Clarke) (Mariscus sieberianus Nees) (B. zeyheri C.B.Clarke) (Mariscus sumatrensis (Retz.) J.Raynal) hispidula (Vahl) R.W.Haines subsp. pyriformis (Lye) cyperoides (L.) Kuntze subsp. flavus K.Lye GAB UCBG R.W.Haines GAB PRE PSUB UCBG deciduus Boeck. PRE (Abildgaardia hispidula (Vahl) R.W.Haines var. pyriformis Lye) (Mariscus deciduus C.B.Clarke) (Fimbristylis exilis in sense of authors not of (Kunth) Roem. & denudatus L.f. var. denudatus GAB PRE UCBG S Schult.) denudatus L.f. var. sphaerospermus (Schrad.) Kük. = (Fimbristylis hispidula (Vahl) Kunth) C. sphaerospermus humilis (Kunth) C.B.Clarke GAB PRE PSUB difformis L. GAB PRE UCBG (B. breviculmis Kunth) digitatus Roxb. subsp. auricomus (Sieber ex Spreng.) Kük. GAB (B. striatella C.B.Clarke) PRE UCBG S kirkii C.B.Clarke = B. contexta distans L.f. PRE PSUB scabricaulis Cherm. PRE dives Delile GAB PRE PSUB S striatella C.B.Clarke = B. humilis (C. immensus C.B.Clarke) trabeculata C.B.Clarke GAB PRE PSUB dubius Rottb. PRE zeyheri C.B.Clarke = B. contexta (Mariscus dubius (Rottb.) Kük. ex C.E.C.Fisch.) erectus (Schumach.) Mattf. & Kük. subsp. erectus GAB UCBG CAREX L. esculentus L. var. cyclolepis Boeck. ex Kük. = C. esculentus var. cognata Kunth var. cognata GAB PRE PSUB S esculentus esculentus L. var. esculentus GAB PRE PSUB UCBG CLADIUM P.Browne (C. esculentus L. var. cyclolepis Boeck. ex Kük.) ✹ mariscus (L.) Pohl subsp. jamaicense (Crantz) Kük. PRE PSUB S (C. esculentus L. var. nervoso-striatus (Turrill) Kük.) (C. nervoso-striatus Turrill) COURTOISINA Soják esculentus L. var. nervoso-striatus (Turrill) Kük. = C. esculentus assimilis (Steud.) C.B.Clarke = C. assimilis var. esculentus assimilis (Steud.) Maquet PRE PSUB fastigiatus Rottb. s (C. assimilis (Steud.) C.B.Clarke) flabelliformis Rottb. = C. involucratus cyperoides (Roxb.) Soják PRE fulgens C.B.Clarke var. contractus Kük. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (Cyperus cyperoides (Roxb.) A.Dietr. subsp. africanus hamulosus M.Bieb. PRE (C.B.Clarke ex Kük.) Podlech) (Mariscus hamulosus (M.Bieb.) S.S.Hooper) (Cyperus pseudokyllingioides Kük. var. africanus (C.B.Clarke) Kük.) (Scirpus lugardii C.B.Clarke)

118 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red CYPERACEAE (cont.)

haspan L. GAB usitatus Burch. GAB PRE UCBG holostigma Schweinf. = C. schinzii (C. usitatus Burch. var. macrobulbus Kük.) imbricatus Retz. GAB PRE PSUB S usitatus Burch. var. macrobulbus Kük. = C. usitatus (C. radiatus Vahl) zollingeri Steud. GAB PRE immensus C.B.Clarke = C. dives (C. sphacelatus Rottb. var. tenuior C.B.Clarke) indecorus Kunth var. decurvatus (C.B.Clarke) Kük. PRE (Mariscus indecorus (Kunth) Podlech var. decurvatus ELEOCHARIS R.Br. (C.B.Clarke) Kük.) acutangula (Roxb.) Schult. GAB PRE PSUB S (Mariscus rehmannianus C.B.Clarke) (E. fistulosa Link) involucratus Rottb. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG atropurpurea (Retz.) J.Presl & C.Presl GAB PRE (C. flabelliformis Rottb.) caduca (Delile) Schult. GAB PRE PSUB iria L. GAB PRE (E. intricata Kük.) kirkii C.B.Clarke K PSUB UCBG capitata R.Br. = E. geniculata laevigatus L. GAB PRE caribaea (Rottb.) S.F.Blake = E. geniculata (Juncellus laevigatus (L.) C.B.Clarke) cubangensis H.E.Hess s latifolius Poir. PRE PSUB S decoriglumis Bérhaut PRE leptocladus Kunth GAB PSUB dulcis (Burm.f.) Hensch. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S longus L. var. longus GAB UCBG (E. plantaginea R.Br.) longus L. var. tenuiflorus (Rottb.) Boeck. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG fistulosa Link = E. acutangula maculatus Boeck. GAB PRE PSUB geniculata (L.) Roem. & Schult. PSUB margaritaceus Vahl var. margaritaceus GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (E. capitata R.Br.) marlothii Boeck. PRE (E. caribaea (Rottb.) S.F.Blake) (Mariscus marlothii (Boeck.) C.B.Clarke) intricata Kük. = E. caduca mwinilungensis Podlech GAB PRE PSUB S marginulata Steud. GAB PSUB S nervoso-striatus Turrill = C. esculentus var. esculentus naumanniana Boeck. GAB PRE PSUB S niveus Retz. var. leucocephalus (Kunth) Fosberg = C. obtusiflorus plantaginea R.Br. = E. dulcis var. obtusiflorus retroflexa (Poir.) Urb. subsp. subtilissima (Nelmes) Lye PRE S nudicaulis Poir. = Cyperus pectinatus variegata (Poir.) C.Presl GAB PRE S obtusiflorus Vahl var. obtusiflorus GAB PRE UCBG (C. compactus Lam.) FIMBRISTYLIS Vahl (C. niveus Retz. var. leucocephalus (Kunth) Fosberg) bisumbellata (Forssk.) Bubani GAB PRE PSUB UCBG palmatus Vorster ined. GAB complanata (Retz.) Link GAB PRE PSUB papyrus L. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S cymosa R.Br. = F. obtusifolia pectinatus Vahl GAB PRE PSUB S dichotoma (L.) Vahl GAB PRE (Anosporum pectinatus (Vahl) Lye) (F. diphylla (Retz.) Vahl) (Cyperus nudicaulis Poir.) diphylla (Retz.) Vahl = F. dichotoma pseudokyllingioides Kük. var. africanus (C.B.Clarke) Kük. = exilis in sense of authors not of (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. = Courtoisina cyperoides Bulbostylis hispidula pseudovestitus (C.B.Clarke) Kük. PRE ferruginea (L.) Vahl GAB PRE PSUB radiatus Vahl = C. imbricatus (F. sieberiana Kunth) remotiflorus Kük. = C. bellus hispidula (Vahl) Kunth = Bulbostylis hispidula subsp. pyriformis rotundus L. subsp. rotundus PRE PSUB obtusifolia (Lam.) Kunth PRE rubicundus Vahl PRE sieberiana Kunth = F. ferruginea rupestris Kunth var. rupestris GAB PRE UCBG squarrosa Vahl GAB PRE PSUB schinzii Boeck. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (C. holostigma Schweinf.) FUIRENA Rottb. sexangularis Nees PRE bullifera J.Raynal & Roessler PRE sphacelatus Rottb. var. tenuior C.B.Clarke = C. zollingeri chlorocarpa Ridl. = F. stricta sphaerospermus Schrad. PRE PSUB UCBG ciliaris (L.) Roxb. GAB PRE PSUB (C. denudatus L.f. var. sphaerospermus (Schrad.) Kük.) coerulescens Steud. GAB PSUB squarrossus L. PRE leptostachya Oliv. forma leptostachya PRE PSUB (Mariscus squarrosus (L.) C.B.Clarke) leptostachya Oliv. forma nudiflora Lye PRE (Monandrus squarrossus (L.) Vorster) (F. leptostachya Oliv. var. nudiflora C.B.Clarke) tenuispica Steud. GAB PRE PSUB leptostachya Oliv. var. nudiflora C.B.Clarke = F. leptostachya turrillii Kük. PRE forma nudiflora (Mariscus laxiflorus Turrill) pachyrrhiza Ridl. PRE uncinatus in sense of C.B.Clarke not of Poir. = C. cuspidatus pubescens (Poir.) Kunth GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S

119 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana CYPERACEAE (cont.)

stricta Steud. PRE PSUB S aristatus (Rottb.) Cherm. var. atriceps (Kük.) Podlech GAB (F. chlorocarpa Ridl.) PRE PSUB (Rhynchospora senegalensis Steud.) (Cyperus aristatus Rottb. var. atriceps Kük.) umbellata Rottb. GAB PRE S (Monandrus atriceps (Kük.) Vorster) breviradius Vorster GAB HEMICARPHA Nees & Arn. chersinus N.E.Br. = Cyperus chersinus isolepis Nees = Lipocarpha hemisphaerica cyperoides (Roxb.) A.Dietr. subsp. africanus (C.B.Clarke ex Kük.) Podlech = Courtoisina cyperoides ISOLEPIS R.Br. deciduus C.B.Clarke = Cyperus deciduus costata A.Rich. PRE UCBG dregeanus Kunth = Cyperus austro-africanus (I. costata A.Rich. var. macra (Boeck.) B.L.Burtt) dubius (Rottb.) Kük. ex C.E.C.Fisch. = Cyperus dubius (Scirpus macer Boeck.) hamulosus (M.Bieb.) S.S.Hooper = Cyperus hamulosus sepulcralis Steud. GAB PRE PSUB indecorus (Kunth) Podlech var. decurvatus (C.B.Clarke) Kük. = (Scirpus griquensium C.B.Clarke) Cyperus indecorus var. decurvatus laxiﬂorus Turrill = Cyperus turrillii JUNCELLUS C.B.Clarke marlothii (Boeck.) C.B.Clarke = Cyperus marlothii alopecuroides (Rottb.) C.B.Clarke = Cyperus alopecuroides nossibeensis Steud. = Cyperus cyperoides subsp. cyperoides laevigatus (L.) C.B.Clarke = Cyperus laevigatus rehmannianus C.B.Clarke = Cyperus indecorus var. decurvatus KYLLINGA Rottb. sieberianus Nees = Cyperus cyperoides subsp. cyperoides alata Nees ex Kunth GAB PSUB UCBG squarrosus (L.) C.B.Clarke = Cyperus squarrosus alba Nees GAB PRE PSUB UCBG sumatrensis (Retz.) J.Raynal = Cyperus cyperoides subsp. albiceps (Ridl.) Rendle GAB PRE PSUB cyperoides (K. merxmuelleri Podlech) brevifolia Rottb. GAB PSUB MONANDRUS Vorster cylindrica Nees = K. odorata atriceps (Kük.) Vorster = Mariscus aristatus erecta Schumach. var. erecta PRE var. atriceps (K. erecta Schumach. var. intricata C.B.Clarke) squarrosus (L.) Vorster = Cyperus squarrosus (K. intricata Cherm.) erecta Schumach. var. intricata C.B.Clarke = K. erecta OXYCARYUM Nees intricata Cherm. = K. erecta var. erecta cubense (Poepp. & Kunth) Lye PRE UCBG S melanosperma Nees PRE UCBG (Scirpus cubensis Poepp. & Kunth ex Kunth) merxmuelleri Podlech = K. albiceps odorata Vahl GAB PRE PSUB PYCREUS P.Beauv. (K. cylindrica Nees) aethiops C.B.Clarke GAB PRE PSUB S albomarginatus Nees = P. macrostachyos KYLLINGIELLA R.W.Haines & Lye angulatus Nees = P. unioloides microcephala (Steud.) R.W.Haines & Lye GAB PRE PSUB chorisanthus C.B.Clarke = P. pelophilus (Scirpus microcephalus (Steud.) Dandy) chrysanthus (Boeck.) C.B.Clarke PRE PSUB ﬂavescens (L.) Rchb. GAB PRE LIPOCARPHA R.Br. lanceus Turrill = P. nitidus abietina Goetgh. PRE PSUB S macranthus (Boeck.) C.B.Clarke GAB PRE PSUB argentea (Vahl) R.Br. = L. chinensis macrostachyos (Lam.) J.Raynal GAB PRE PSUB atra Ridley GAB PSUB S (P. albomarginatus Nees) chinensis (Osbeck) Kern GAB PRE PSUB S (P. tremulus (Poir.) C.B.Clarke) (L. argentea (Vahl) R.Br.) mundii Nees GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S (L. senegalensis (Lam.) T.Durand & H.Durand) nitidus (Lam.) J.Raynal PRE S hemisphaerica (Roth) Goetgh. GAB PRE PSUB (P. lanceus Turrill) (Hemicarpha isolepis Nees) (P. umbrosus Nees) (L. isolepis (Nees) R.W.Haines) okavangensis Podlech GAB PRE PSUB ♦ isolepis (Nees) R.W.Haines = L. hemisphaerica pelophilus (Ridl.) C.B.Clarke GAB PRE UCBG rehmannii (Ridl.) Goetgh. GAB PRE PSUB (P. chorisanthus C.B.Clarke) (Rikliella rehmannii (Ridl.) J.Raynal) (Scirpus hystricoides B.Nord.) polystachyos (Rottb.) P.Beauv. var. polystachyos GAB PRE senegalensis (Lam.) T.Durand & H.Durand = L. chinensis pumilus (L.) Nees PRE PSUB UCBG tremulus (Poir.) C.B.Clarke = P. macrostachyos MARISCUS Vahl umbrosus Nees = P. nitidus alternifolius in sense of S.S.Hooper not of Vahl = ?Cyperus cyperoides subsp. cyperoides unioloides (R.Br.) Urb. GAB PRE PSUB

120 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red ERIOCAULACEAE

(P. angulatus Nees) SCIRPUS L. waillyi Cherm. PRE articulatus L. = Schoenoplectus articulatus var. articulatus cubensis Poepp. & Kunth ex Kunth = Oxycaryum cubense RHYNCHOSPORA Vahl dioecus (Kunth) Boeck. = Scirpoides dioecus arechavaletae Boeck. = R. holoschoenoides erectus Poir. = Schoenoplectus erectus aurea Vahl = R. corymbosa griquensium C.B.Clarke = Isolepis sepulcralis brevirostris Griseb. GAB hystricoides B.Nord. = Lipocarpha rehmannii brownii Roem. & Schult. GAB PRE PSUB S inclinatus (Barbey) Boiss. = Schoenoplectus corymbosus (R. glauca in sense of authors not of Vahl) jacobi C.E.C.Fisch. = Schoenoplectus senegalensis (R. rugosa (Vahl) Gale) lugardii C.B.Clarke = Cyperus hamulosus candida (Nees) Boeck. GAB PRE S macer Boeck. = Isolepis costata var. macra corymbosa (L.) Britton var. corymbosa GAB PRE PSUB S maritimus L. = Bolboschoenus maritimus (R. aurea Vahl) microcephalus (Steud.) Dandy = Kyllingiella microcephala cyperoides (Sw.) Mart. = R. holoschoenoides muricinux C.B.Clarke = Schoenoplectus muricinux glauca in sense of authors not of Vahl = R. brownii paludicola Kunth forma decipiens (Nees) C.B.Clarke = holoschoenoides (Rich.) Herter GAB PRE PSUB S Schoenoplectus decipiens (R. arechavaletae Boeck.) praelongatus Poir. = Schoenoplectus senegalensis (R. cyperoides (Sw.) Mart.) roylei (Nees) R.Parker = Schoenoplectus roylei (R. mauritii Steud.) mauritii Steud. = R. holoschoenoides SCLERIA P.J.Bergius perrieri Cherm. PRE PSUB distans Poir. GAB PRE PSUB S rubra (Lour.) Makino subsp. africana J.Raynal (S. nutans Willd. ex Kunth) rugosa (Vahl) Gale = R. brownii dregeana Kunth GAB PRE PSUB S senegalensis Steud. = Fuirena stricta (S. holcoides Kunth) foliosa Hochst. ex A.Rich. GAB PRE PSUB RIKLIELLA J.Raynal holcoides Kunth = S. dregeana rehmannii (Ridl.) J.Raynal = Lipocarpha rehmannii lacustris C.H.Wright GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S melanomphala Kunth GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S SCHOENOPLECTUS (Rchb.) Palla nutans Willd. ex Kunth = S. distans articulatus (L.) Palla var. articulatus GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S rehmannii C.B.Clarke GAB (Scirpus articulatus L.) schimperiana Boeck. GAB PSUB brachyceras (A.Rich.) Lye PRE unguiculata E.A.Rob. GAB PRE PSUB S corymbosus (Roth ex Roem. & Schult.) J.Raynal GAB PRE PSUB veseyﬁtzgeraldii E.A.Rob. GAB PRE PSUB S UCBG S woodii C.B.Clarke GAB PRE PSUB (Scirpus inclinatus (Barbey) Boiss.) decipiens (Nees) J.Raynal PRE WEBSTERIA S.H.Wright (Scirpus paludicola Kunth forma decipiens (Nees) C.B.Clarke) confervoides (Poir.) S.S.Hooper GAB PRE S erectus (Poir.) Palla ex J.Raynal GAB PRE PSUB S (Scirpus erectus Poir.) DIOSCOREACEAE lateriﬂorus (Gmel.) Lye GAB PRE PSUB leucanthus (Boeck.) J.Raynal PRE DIOSCOREA L. muricinux (C.B.Clarke) J.Raynal GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S asteriscus Burkill GAB PRE PSUB � (Scirpus muricinux C.B.Clarke) muriculatus (Kük.) Browning PRE DRACAENACEAE praelongatus (Poir.) J.Raynal = S. senegalensis roylei (Nees) Ovcz. & Czukav. PRE S SANSEVIERIA Thunb. (Scirpus roylei (Nees) R.Parker) aethiopica Thunb. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG � scirpoideus (Schrad.) Browning PRE PSUB S (S. scabrifolia Dinter) senegalensis (Hochst. ex Steud.) Palla ex J.Raynal GAB PRE pearsonii N.E.Br. PRE � PSUB UCBG S scabrifolia Dinter = S. aethiopica (S. praelongatus (Poir.) J.Raynal) (Scirpus jacobi C.E.C.Fisch.) ERIOCAULACEAE (Scirpus praelongatus Poir.) ERIOCAULON L. SCIRPOIDES Ség. amboense Schinz = E. cinereum dioecus (Kunth) Browning GAB PRE PSUB aristatum H.E.Hess = E. welwitschii (Scirpus dioecus (Kunth) Boeck.) cinereum R.Br. PRE PSUB S

121 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana ERIOCAULACEAE (cont.)

(E. amboense Schinz) (E. rubromarginatum Poelln.) setaceum L. GAB PRE PSUB S (E. sphaerophyllum Baker) welwitschii Rendle GAB PRE PSUB S reflexum Schinz = E. mackenii subsp. galpinii (E. aristatum H.E.Hess) rubromarginatum Poelln. = E. rautanenii seineri Engl. & K.Krause PRE ♦� ERIOSPERMACEAE sphaerophyllum Baker = E. rautanenii tenellum Baker = E. porphyrovalve ERIOSPERMUM Jacq. ex Willd. abyssinicum Baker = E. flagelliforme HYACINTHACEAE bakerianum Schinz subsp. bakerianum GAB PRE UCBG � (E. bakerianum Schinz var. multiscapum Poelln.) ALBUCA L. (E. bakerianum Schinz var. pauper Poelln.) abyssinica Jacq. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (E. bakerianum Schinz var. seineri (Engl. & K.Krause) Poelln.) (A. angolensis Welw.) (E. bechuanicum Baker) (A. bainesii Baker) (E. lanceaefolium Schinz) (A. fleckii Schinz) (E. lineare Poelln.) (A. melleri (Baker) Baker) bakerianum Schinz var. multiscapum Poelln. = E. bakerianum amboensis (Schinz) Oberm. GAB UCBG subsp. bakerianum (Ornithogalum amboense Schinz) bakerianum Schinz var. pauper Poelln. = E. bakerianum angolensis Welw. = A. abyssinica subsp. bakerianum bainesii Baker = A. angolensis bakerianum Schinz var. seineri (Engl. & K.Krause) Poelln. = baurii Baker = A. setosa E. bakerianum subsp. bakerianum fleckii Schinz = A. angolensis bechuanicum Baker = E. bakerianum subsp. bakerianum melleri Baker = A. abyssinica brevipedunculatum Poelln. = E. rautanenii pachychlamys Baker = A. setosa brevipetiolatum Poelln. = E. porphyrovalve patersoniae Schönland = A. setosa burchellii Baker = E. flagelliforme setosa Jacq. GAB PRE UCBG confusum Poelln. = E. corymbosum (A. baurii Baker) convallariaefolium Dinter = E. mackenii subsp. galpinii (A. pachychlamys Baker) corymbosum Baker PRE � (A. patersoniae Schönland) (E. confusum Poelln.) (E. ophioglossoides Schltr.) DIPCADI Medik. currori Baker = E. rautanenii bakerianum Bolus GAB PRE PSUB dissitiflorum Baker = E. porphyrovalve firmifolium Baker = D. longifolium flagelliforme (Baker) J.C.Manning PRE glaucum (Ker Gawl.) Baker GAB PRE PSUB (E. burchellii Baker) gracillimum Baker GAB PRE UCBG galpinii Schinz = E. mackenii subsp. galpinii (D. polyphyllum Baker) lanceaefolium Schinz = E. bakerianum subsp. bakerianum longifolium (Lindl.) Baker GAB PRE PSUB UCBG lineare Poelln. = E. bakerianum subsp. bakerianum (D. firmifolium Baker) linearifolium Baker GAB UCBG ♦� marlothii Engl. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG mackenii (Hook.f.) Baker subsp. galpinii (Schinz) P.L.Perry PRE � (D. oligotrichum Baker) (E. convallariaefolium Dinter) oligotrichum Baker = D. marlothii (E. galpinii Schinz) papillatum Oberm. PRE (E. omahekense Engl. & K.Krause) platyphyllum Baker GAB PRE (E. pilosopetiolatum Dinter) polyphyllum Baker = D. gracillimum (E. reflexum Schinz) rigidifolium Baker PRE UCBG omahekense Engl. & K.Krause = E. mackenii subsp. galpinii umbonatum (Baker) Baker = D. viride ophioglossoides Schltr. = E. corymbosum vaginatum Baker PRE pilosopetiolatum Dinter = E. mackenii subsp. galpinii viride (L.) Moench GAB PRE UCBG pilosum Poelln. PRE � (D. umbonatum (Baker) Baker) pophyrium Archibald PRE porphyrovalve Baker GAB PRE � DRIMIA Jacq. (E. brevipetiolatum Poelln.) altissima (L.f.) Ker Gawl. GAB PRE UCBG (E. dissitiflorum Baker) (Urginea altissima (L.f.) Baker) (E. tenellum Baker) (Urginea epigea R.A.Dyer) rautanenii Schinz GAB PRE UCBG � ciliaris Jacq. = D. elata (E. brevipedunculatum Poelln.) cuscutoides (Burch. ex Baker) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt PRE (E. currori Baker) elata Jacq. PRE

122 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red HYACINTHACEAE (cont.)

(D. ciliaris Jacq.) prasinum Lindl. s intricata (Baker) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt PRE pretoriense Baker = O. tenuifolium subsp. tenuifolium physodes (Jacq.) Jessop s pulchrum Schinz PRE sanguinea (Schinz) Jessop GAB PRE PSUB UCBG seineri (Engl. & K.Krause) Oberm. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (Urginea burkei Baker) tenuifolium F.Delaroche subsp. tenuifolium GAB PRE (Urginea sanguinea Schinz) PSUB UCBG (O. chloranthum Baker) DRIMIOPSIS Lindl. & Paxton (O. ecklonii Schltdl.) burkei Baker GAB PRE (O. inconspicuum Baker) (D. crenata Van der Merwe) (O. pretoriense Baker) crenata Van der Merwe = D. burkei (O. virens Lindl.) virens Lindl. = O. tenuifolium subsp. tenuifolium EUCOMIS L’Hér. vulgare B.Nord. PRE autumnalis (Mill.) Chitt. subsp. clavata (Baker) Reyneke PRE UCBG PSEUDOGALTONIA (Kuntze) Engl. (E. robusta Baker) clavata (Mast.) E.Phillips PRE UCBG robusta Baker = E. autumnalis subsp. clavata SCHIZOBASIS Baker LEDEBOURIA Roth cuscutoides (Burch. ex Baker) Benth. & Hook. = S. intricata apertiﬂora (Baker) Jessop GAB PRE ﬂagelliformis (Baker) Bakers cooperi (Hook.f.) Jessop PRE UCBG intricata (Baker) Baker PRE (Scilla cinerascens Van der Merwe) (S. cuscutoides (Burch. ex Baker) Benth. & Hook.) (Scilla cooperi Hook.f.) (S. macowanii Baker) (Scilla galpinii Baker) macowanii Baker = S. intricata (Scilla glaucescens Van der Merwe) (Scilla inandensis Baker) SCHIZOCARPHUS Van der Merwe (Scilla petiolata Van der Merwe) acerosus Van der Merwe = S. nervosus (Scilla pusilla Baker) gerrardii (Baker) Van der Merwe = S. nervosus (Scilla rogersii Baker) nervosus (Burch.) Van der Merwe GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (Scilla rupestris Van der Merwe) (Ornithogalum nervosum Burch.) (Scilla saturata Baker) (S. acerosus Van der Merwe) graminifolia (Baker) Jessop GAB PRE UCBG (S. gerrardii (Baker) Van der Merwe) (Scilla graminifolia Baker) (S. rigidifolius (Kunth) Van der Merwe) (Scilla stenophylla Van der Merwe) (Scilla gerrardii Baker) hyacinthina Roth GAB UCBG (Scilla hispidula Baker) inquinata (C.A.Sm.) Jessop PRE (Scilla nervosa (Burch.) Jessop) (Scilla inquinata C.A.Sm.) (Scilla rigidifolia Baker) luteola Jessop PRE UCBG (Scilla rigidifolia var. acerosa Van der Merwe) marginata (Baker) Jessop GAB PRE rigidifolius (Kunth) Van der Merwe = S. nervosus (Scilla marginata Baker) (Scilla neglecta Van der Merwe) SCILLA L. revoluta (L.f.) Jessop GAB PRE PSUB UCBG albomarginata Van der Merwe = Ledebouria revoluta (Scilla albomarginata Van der Merwe) asperifolia Van der Merwe = Ledebouria revoluta (Scilla asperifolia Van der Merwe) carnosula Van der Merwe = Ledebouria revoluta (Scilla carnosula Van der Merwe) cinerascens Van der Merwe = Ledebouria cooperi (Scilla lanceifolia (Jacq.) Baker) cooperi Hook.f. = Ledebouria cooperi undulata (Jacq.) Jessop PRE UCBG galpinii Baker = Ledebouria cooperi (Scilla prasina Baker) gerrardii Baker = Schizocarphus nervosus (Scilla rautanenii Schinz) glaucescens Van der Merwe = Ledebouria cooperi graminifolia Baker = Ledebouria graminifolia ORNITHOGALUM L. hispidula Baker = Schizocarphus nervosus amboense Schinz = Albuca amboensis inandensis Baker = Ledebouria cooperi chloranthum Baker = O. tenuifolium subsp. tenuifolium inquinata C.A.Sm. = Ledebouria inquinata ecklonii Schltdl. = O. tenuifolium subsp. tenuifolium lanceifolia (Jacq.) Baker = Ledebouria revoluta inconspicuum Baker = O. tenuifolium subsp. tenuifolium marginata Baker = Ledebouria marginata nervosum Burch. = Schizocarphus nervosus neglecta Van der Merwe = Ledebouria marginata ornithogaloides (Kunth.) Oberm. GAB nervosa (Burch.) Jessop = Schizocarphus nervosus

123 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana HYACINTHACEAE (cont.)

petiolata Van der Merwe = Ledebouria cooperi spectabilis Schinz = Gladiolus magnificus prasina Baker = Ledebouria undulata zambesiaca Baker = Gladiolus magnificus pusilla Baker = Ledebouria cooperi rautanenii Schinz = Ledebouria undulata BABIANA Ker Gawl. rigidifolia Baker = Schizocarphus nervosus hypogea Burch. var. hypogea GAB K PRE UCBG rigidifolia Baker var. acerosa Van der Merwe = Schizocarphus nervosus CHASMANTHE N.E.Br. rogersii Baker = Ledebouria cooperi spectabilis (Schinz) N.E.Br. = Gladiolus magnificus rupestris Van der Merwe = Ledebouria cooperi saturata Baker = Ledebouria cooperi FERRARIA Burm. ex Mill. stenophylla Van der Merwe = Ledebouria graminifolia bechuanica Baker = F. glutinosa glutinosa (Baker) Rendle GAB K MO PRE SRGH URGINEA Steinh. (F. bechuanica Baker) altissima (L.f.) Baker = Drimia altissima (F. welwitschii Baker) burkei Baker = Drimia sanguinea (Moraea glutinosa Baker) epigea R.A.Dyer = Drimia altissima welwitschii Baker = F. glutinosa sanguinea Schinz = Drimia sanguinea GLADIOLUS L. HYDROCHARITACEAE adlamii Baker = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii affinis De Wild. = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii LAGAROSIPHON Harv. angolensis Welw. ex Baker = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii cordofanus Casp. GAB PRE PSUB S barnardii G.J.Lewis = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii (L. crispus Rendle) boehmii Vaupel = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii (L. tsotsorogensis Bremek. & Oberm.) buettneri Pax = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii crispus Rendle = L. cordofanus caffensis Cufod. = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii tsotsorogensis Bremek. & Oberm. = L. cordofanus calothyrsus Vaupel = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii ilicifolius Oberm. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S coccineus L.Bolus = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii muscoides Harv. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S cooperi Baker = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii corneus Oliv. = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii OTTELIA Pers. cymbarius Baker = G. rehmannii kunenensis (Gürke) Dandy GAB PRE PSUB S dalenii Van Geel subsp. dalenii GAB PRE PSUB SRGH muricata (C.H.Wright) Dandy GAB PRE PSUB S (G. adlamii Baker) ulvifolia (Planch.) Walp. GAB PRE UCBG S (G. affinis De Wild.) (G. angolensis Welw. ex Baker) VALLISNERIA L. (G. barnardii G.J.Lewis) aethiopica Fenzl = V. spiralis L. (G. boehmii Vaupel) spiralis L. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG (G. buettneri Pax) (V. aethiopica Fenzl) (G. caffensis Cufod.) (G. calothyrsus Vaupel) HYPOXIDACEAE (G. coccineus L.Bolus) (G. cooperi Baker) HYPOXIS L. (G. corneus Oliv.) angolensis Baker = H. obtusa (G. dracocephalus Hook.f.) hemerocallidea Fisch. Mey. & Avé-Lall. C GAB K PRE SRGH (G. fuscoviridis Baker) (H. rooperi S.Moore) (G. gallaensis Vaupel) iridifolia Baker (G. garnieri Klatt) (H. nitida I.Verd.) (G. garuanus Vaupel) nitida I.Verd. = H. obtusas (G. hockii De Wild.) obtusa Burch. ex Ker Gawl. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG (G. ignescens Bojer ex Baker) (H. angolensis Baker) (G. kilimandscharicus Pax) (H. nitida I.Verd.) (G. leichtlinii Baker) rooperi S.Moore = H. hemerocallidea (G. leptophyllus L.Bolus) (G. louwii L.Bolus) IRIDACEAE (G. luembensis De Wild.) (G. luteolus Klatt) ANTHOLYZA L. (G. natalensis Reinw. ex Hook.) magnifica Harms = Gladiolus magnificus (G. newii Baker)

124 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red IRIDACEAE (cont.)

(G. pageae L.Bolus) saltatorum Baker = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii (G. platyphyllus Baker) splendidus Rendle = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii (G. primulinus Baker) sulphureus Baker = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii (G. psittacinus Hook.f.) taylorianus Rendle = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii (G. psittacinus Hook.f. var. cooperi Baker) tysonii Baker = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii (G. quartinianus A.Rich.) unguiculatus of authors not of Baker = G. oatesii (G. retrocurvus G.J.Lewis) (G. saltatorum Baker) GYNANDRIRIS Parl. (G. splendidus Rendle) simulans (Baker) R.C.Foster = Moraea simulans (G. sulphureus Baker) (G. taylorianus Rendle) HESPERANTHA Ker Gawl. (G. tysonii Baker) longicollis Baker C K PRE SRGH (Watsonia natalensis Eckl.) (H. sabiensis N.E.Br. ex R.C.Foster) dracocephalus Hook.f. = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii (H. widmeri P.Beauv.) ecklonii Lehm. subsp. rehmannii (Baker) Oberm. = G. rehmannii sabiensis N.E.Br. ex R.C.Foster = H. longicollis edulis Burch. ex Ker Gawl. = G. permeabilis subsp. edulis widmeri P.Beauv. = H. longicollis elliotii Baker PRE fuscoviridis Baker = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii HOMERIA Vent. gallaensis Vaupel = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii pallida Baker = Moraea pallida garnieri Klatt = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii garuanus Vaupel = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii IRIS L. hockii De Wild. = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii polystachya Thunb. = Moraea polystachya ignescens Bojer ex Baker = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii kilimandscharicus Pax = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii LAPEIROUSIA Pourr. leichtlinii Baker = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii bainesii Baker GAB PRE leptophyllus L.Bolus = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii caespitosa Licht. ex Roem. & Schult. = L. plicata subsp. plicata louwii L.Bolus = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii caudata Schinz subsp. burchellii (Baker) Marais & Goldblatt = luembensis De Wild. = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii L. littoralis subsp. littoralis luteolus Klatt = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii caudata Schinz subsp. caudata = L. littoralis subsp. caudata magnificus (Harms) Goldblatt GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH coerulea Schinz C GAB MO PRE SRGH UCBG (Antholyza magnifica Harms) cyanescens Baker = L. schimperi (Antholyza spectabilis Schinz) erythrantha (Klotzsch ex Klatt) Baker BR GAB K LISC PRE UCBG (Antholyza zambesiaca Baker) heterophylla (Willd.) R.C.Foster = L. plicata subsp. plicata (Chasmanthe spectabilis (Schinz) N.E.Br.) littoralis Baker subsp. caudata (Schinz) Goldblatt GAB K PRE (Oenostachys zambesiacus (Baker) Goldblatt) SRGH UCBG (Petamenes magnificus (Harms) R.C.Foster) (L. caudata Schinz subsp. caudata) (Petamenes spectabilis (Schinz) E.Phillips) littoralis Baker subsp. littoralis C K PRE (Petamenes zambesiacus (Baker) N.E.Br.) (L. caudata Schinz subsp. burchellii (Baker) natalensis Reinw. ex Hook. = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii Marais & Goldblatt) newii Baker = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii (L. ramosissima Dinter) oatesii Rolfe PRE GAB PRE SRGH UCBG plicata (Jacq.) Diels subsp. plicata PRE pageae L.Bolus = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii (L. caespitosa Licht. ex Roem. & Schult.) permeabilis D.Delaroche subsp. edulis (Burch. ex Ker Gawl.) (L. heterophylla (Willd.) R.C.Foster) Oberm. ramosissima Dinter = L. littoralis subsp. littoralis (G. edulis Burch. ex Ker Gawl.) sandersonii Baker PRE SRGH UCBG (G. remotiflorus Baker) schimperi (Asch. & Klatt) Milne-Redh. BR K PRE PSUB SRGH platyphyllus Baker = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii (L. cyanescens Baker) primulinus Baker = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii (Tritonia schimperi Asch. & Klatt) psittacinus Hook.f. = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii psittacinus Hook.f. var. cooperi Baker = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii MORAEA Mill. quartinianus A.Rich. = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii carsonii Baker K PRE UPS rehmannii Baker C PRE (M. homblei De Wild.) (G. cymbarinus Baker) elliotii Baker UCBG (G. ecklonii Lehm. subsp. rehmannii (Baker) Oberm.) glutinosa Baker = Ferraria glutinosa remotiflorus Baker = G. permeabilis subsp. edulis homblei De Wild. = M. carsonii retrocurvus G.J.Lewis = G. dalenii subsp. dalenii pallida (Baker) Goldblatt PRE rubellus Goldblatt K PRE (Homeria pallida Baker)

125 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana IRIDACEAE (cont.)

polystachya (Thunb.) Ker Gawl. (Wolffiopsis welwitschii (Hegelm.) Den Hartog & Van der Plas) (Iris polystachya Thunb.) simulans Baker PRE WOLFFIOPSIS Den Hartog & Van der Plas (Gynandriris simulans (Baker) R.C.Forster) welwitschii (Hegelm.) Den Hartog & Van der Plas = Wolffiella welwitschii OENOSTACHYS Bullock zambesiacus (Baker) Goldblatt = Gladiolus magnificus LIMNOCHARITACEAE

PETAMENES Salisb. BUTOMOPSIS Kunth magnificus (Harms) R.C.Foster = Gladiolus magnificus latifolia (D.Don) Kunth PRE S spectabilis (Schinz) E.Phillips = Gladiolus magnificus (Tenagocharis latifolia (D.Don) Buchenau) zambesiacus (Baker) N.E.Br. = Gladiolus magnificus TENAGOCHARIS Hochst. TRITONIA Ker Gawl. latifolia (D.Don) Buchenau = Butomopsis latifolia nelsonii Baker PRE schimperi Asch. & Klatt = Lapeirousia schimperi NAJADACEAE

WATSONIA Mill. NAJAS L. confusa Goldblatt PRE horrida A.Braun GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S natalensis Eckl. = Gladiolus dalenii subsp. dalenii (N. pectinata of author not of (Parl.) Magnus) marina L. subsp. armata (H.Lindb.) Horn PRE S JUNCACEAE (N. marina L. subsp. delilei (Rouy) Oberm.) marina L. subsp. delilei (Rouy) Oberm. = N. marina subsp. armata JUNCUS L. pectinata of author not of (Parl.) Magnus = N. horrida arabicus (Asch. & Buchenau) Adamson = J. rigidus brevistilus Buchenau = J. oxycarpus ORCHIDACEAE exsertus Buchenau GAB S gentilis N.E.Br. = J. oxycarpus ANSELLIA Lindl. oxycarpus E.Mey. ex Kunth GAB PRE UCBG S africana Lindl. K PRE PSUB SRGH ♦� (J. brevistilus Buchenau) (A. africana Lindl. var. australis Summerh.) (J. gentilis N.E.Br.) (A. africana Lindl. var. nilotica Baker) (J. suboxycarpus Adamson) (A. confusa N.E.Br.) rigidus Desf. GAB PRE PSUB S (A. congoensis Rodigas) (J. arabicus (Asch. & Buchenau) Adamson) (A. gigantea Rchb.f.) suboxycarpus Adamson = J. oxycarpus (A. gigantea Rchb.f. var. gigantea) (A. gigantea Rchb.f. var. nilotica (Baker) Summerh.) LEMNACEAE (A. humilis W.Bull) (A. nilotica (Baker) N.E.Br.) LEMNA L. africana Lindl. var. australis Summerh. = A. africana aequinoctialis Welw. GAB PRE PSUB S africana Lindl. var. nilotica Baker = A. africana gibba L. PRE confusa N.E.Br. = A. africana minor L. s congoensis Rodigas = A. africana gigantea Rchb.f. var. gigantea = A. africana PSEUDOWOLFFIA Den Hartog & Van der Plas gigantea Rchb.f. var. nilotica (Baker) Summerh. = A. africana hyalina (Hegelm.) Den Hartog & Ven der Plas = Wolffiella hyalina humilis W.Bull = A. africana nilotica (Baker) N.E.Br. = A. africana SPIRODELA Schleid. polyrhiza (L.) Schleid. PRE PSUB S BONATEA Willd. antennifera Rolfe = B. speciosa (L.f.) Willd. var. antennifera WOLFFIA Horkel ex Schleid. (Rolfe) Sommerv. arrhiza (L.) Horkel ex Wimm. PRE PSUB S foliosa (Sw.) Lindl. = Habenaria epipactidea foliosa (Sw.) Lindl. var. pauciflora Sond. = Habenaria epipactidea WOLFFIELLA (Hegelm.) Hegelm. porrecta (Bolus) Summerh. GAB PRE SRGH hyalina (Delile) Monod PRE PSUB S (Habenaria porrecta Bolus) (Pseudowolffia hyalina (Hegelm.) Den Hartog & Van der Plas) speciosa (L.f.) Willd. var. antennifera (Rolfe) Sommerv. BM C repanda (Hegelm.) Monod GAB PSUB S GAB K SRGH UCBG welwitschii (Hegelm.) Monod PRE PSUB S (B. antennifera Rolfe)

126 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red ORCHIDACEAE (cont.)

(Habenaria macrocorchis Schltr.) (E. carunculifera Rchb.f.) (E. clavicornis Lindl. var. nutans (Sond.) A.V.Hall) CYMBIDIUM Sw. (E. crinata Rolfe) angolense Rchb.f. = Eulophia angolensis (E. decurva Schltr.) (E. ernestii Schltr.) CYRTOPERA Lindl. (E. flanaganii Bolus) stolziana Kraenzl. = Eulophia angolensis (E. galpinii Schltr.) walleri Rchb.f. = Eulophia walleri (E. gladioloides Rolfe) (E. laxiflora Schltr.) EULOPHIA R.Br. ex Lindl. (E. nutans Sond.) aemula Schltr. = E. hians var. nutans (E. purpurascens Rolfe) amajubae Schltr. = E. hians var. nutans (E. triloba Rolfe) angolensis (Rchb.f.) Summerh. GAB K PRE SRGH S (E. ukingensis Schltr.) (Cymbidium angolense Rchb.f.) (E. vaginata Ridl.) (Cyrtopera stolziana Kraenzl.) (E. vleminckxiana Geerinck & Schaijes) (E. buchananii (Rchb.f.) Bolus) holubii Rolfe GAB K PSUB SRGH (E. lindleyanus Rchb.f.) horsfallii (Bateman) Summerh. PRE (E. stolziana (Kraenzl.) Engl.) (Lissochilus horsfallii Bateman) (Lissochilus angolensis (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f.) (Lissochilus sandersonii Rchb.f.) (Lissochilus antunesii Rchb.f.) (Lissochilus transvaalensis Rolfe) (Lissochilus buchananii Rchb.f.) involuta Summerh. = E. schweinfurthii (Lissochilus eylesii Rendle) jumelleana Schltr. = E. livingstoneana (Lissochilus katentaniensis De Wild.) junodiana Kraenzl. = E. hereroensis (Lissochilus latus Rolfe) kyimbilae Schltr. K PRE SRGH (Lissochilus lindleyanus Rchb.f.) latilabris Summerh. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH ♦S (Lissochilus mildbraedii Kraenzl.) (Lissochilus leopoldi Kraenzl.) (Lissochilus paludicola Rchb.f.) (Lissochilus nyassae Rolfe) (Lissochilus platypterus Rchb.f.) (Lissochilus schweinfurthii Rchb.f.) (Lissochilus stolzianus (Kraenzl.) Schltr.) laxiflora Schltr. = E. hians var. nutans (Lissochilus ugandae Rolfe) leucantha (Kraenzl.) Sölch = E. speciosa (Lissochilus validus Rendle) lindleyanus Rchb.f. = E. angolensis (Lissochilus validus Rendle var. minor Rendle) livingstoneana (Rchb.f.) Schltr. K PRE SRGH angustiflora Kraenzl. = E. walleri (E. jumelleana Schltr.) arenicola Schltr. K SRGH (E. robusta Schltr.) austrooccidentalis Sölch = E. speciosa (Lissochilus affinis Rendle) brevisepala (Rendle) Summerh. = E. speciosa (Lissochilus cornigerus Rendle) buchananii (Rchb.f.) Bolus = E. angolensis (Lissochilus fallax Rchb.f.) carunculifera Rchb.f. = E. hians var. nutans (Lissochilus faradiensis De Wild.) chrysops Summerh. = E. schweinfurthii (Lissochilus gracilior Rendle) clavicornis Lindl. var. nutans (Sond.) A.V.Hall = E. hians var. nutans (Lissochilus gricilior Rendle var. angusta Rendle) compta Summerh. = E. schweinfurthii (Lissochilus jumelleanus (Schltr.) Schltr.) coutreziana Geerinck = E. speciosa (Lissochilus laggiarae Schltr.) crinata Rolfe = E. hians var. nutans (Lissochilus livingstoneanus Rchb.f.) decurva Schltr. = E. hians var. nutans (Lissochilus malangensis Rchb.f.) dispersa N.E.Br. = E. speciosa (Lissochilus mediocris Rendle) ernestii Schltr. = E. hians var. nutans (Lissochilus rutenbergianus Kraenzl.) flanaganii Bolus = E. hians var. nutans nutans Sond. = E. hians var. nutans fridericii (Rchb.f.) A.V.Hall PRE orthoplectra (Rchb.f.) Summerh. var. schweinfurthii = galpinii Schltr. = E. hians var. nutans E. schweinfurthii gladioloides Rolfe = E. hians var. nutans pentheri Schltr. = E. schweinfurthii guineensis Lindl. PRE piscucelliana Buscal. & Schltr. = E. walleri hereroensis Schltr. C GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG purpurascens Rolfe = E. hians var. nutans (E. junodiana Kraenzl.) robusta Schltr. = E. livingstoneana (E. undulata Rolfe) schweinfurthii Kraenzl. GAB K PRE SRGH hians Spreng. var. nutans (Sond.) S.Thomas K (E. chrysops Summerh.) (E. aemula Schltr.) (E. compta Summerh.) (E. amajubae Schltr.) (E. involuta Summerh.)

127 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana ORCHIDACEAE (cont.)

(E. orthoplectra (Rchb.f.) Summerh. var. schweinfurthii) epipactidea Rchb.f. var. schinzii (Rolfe) Kraenzl. = H. epipactidea (E. pentheri Schltr.) filicornis Lindl. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH S (Lissochilus aurantiacus Rchb.f.) (H. chlorotica Rchb.f.) (Lissochilus descampsii De Wild.) (H. filicornis Lindl. var. chlorotica (Rchb.f.) Geerinck) (Lissochilus elegantulus Schltr.) (H. natalensis Rchb.f.) (Lissochilus holubii Rolfe) (H. pertenuis Kraenzl.) (Lissochilus johnstonii Rolfe) (H. wilmsiana Kraenzl.) (Lissochilus pentheri Schltr.) filicornis Lindl. var. chlorotica (Rchb.f.) Geerinck = H. filicornis (Lissochilus smithii Rolfe) foliosa (Sw.) Rchb.f. = H. epipactidea (Lissochilus vermiculatus De Wild.) hircina Rchb.f. = H. epipactidea speciosa (R.Br. ex Lindl.) Bolus K PRE PSUB SRGH ichneumonea (Sw.) Lindl. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH S (E. austrooccidentalis Sölch) (Orchis ichneumonea Sw.) (E. brevisepala (Rendle) Summerh.) macrocorchis Schltr. = Bonatea antennifera (E. coutreziana Geerinck) natalensis Rchb.f. = H. filicornis (E. dispersa N.E.Br.) pasmithii G.Will. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH ♦S (E. leucantha (Kraenzl.) Sölch) perfoliata Kraenzl. = H. epipactidea (E. speciosa (R.Br. ex Lindl.) Bolus var. culveri Schltr.) pertenuis Kraenzl. = H. filicornis (E. wakefieldii (Rchb.f. & S.Moore) Summerh.) polyphylla Kraenzl. = H. epipactidea (Lissochilus brevisepalus Rendle) porrecta Bolus = Bonatea porrecta (Lissochilus calopterus Rchb.f.) quadrifida Schltr. = H. trilobulata (Lissochilus homblei De Wild.) rautanenii Kraenzl. = H. epipactidea (Lissochilus leucanthus Kraenzl.) schinzii Rolfe = H. epipactidea (Lissochilus rendlei Rolfe) schimperiana Hochst. ex A.Rich. s (Lissochilus sapinii De Wild.) subarmata Rchb.f. PRE (Lissochilus speciosus R.Br. ex Lindl.) trilobulata Schltr. s (Lissochilus volkensii Rolfe) (H. quadrifida Schltr.) (Lissochilus wakefieldii Rchb.f. & S.Moore) wilmsiana Kraenzl. = H. filicornis speciosa (R.Br. ex Lindl.) Bolus var. culveri Schltr. = E. speciosa stolziana (Kraenzl.) Engl. = E. angolensis LISSOCHILUS R.Br. tanganyikensis Rolfe s affinis Rendle = Eulophia livingstoneana triloba Rolfe = E. hians var. nutans angolensis (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f. = Eulophia angolensis tuberculata Bolus s antunesii Rchb.f. = Eulophia angolensis (Lissochilus leendertziae Schltr.) aurantiacus Rchb.f. = Eulophia schweinfurthii (Lissochilus platypetalus Lindl.) brevisepalus Rendle = Eulophia speciosa ukingensis Schltr. = E. hians var. nutans buchananii Rchb.f. = Eulophia angolensis undulata Rolfe = E. hereroensis calopterus Rchb.f. = Eulophia speciosa vaginata Ridl. = E. hians var. nutans cornigerus Rendle = Eulophia livingstoneana vleminckxiana Geerinck & Schaijes = E. hians var. nutans descampsii De Wild. = Eulophia schweinfurthii wakefieldii (Rchb.f. & S.Moore) Summerh. = E. speciosa elegantulus Schltr. = Eulophia schweinfurthii walleri Kraenzl. GAB K PRE eylesii Rendle = Eulophia angolensis (Cyrtopera walleri Rchb.f.) fallax Rchb.f. = Eulophia livingstoneana (E. angustiflora Kraenzl.) faradiensis De Wild. = Eulophia livingstoneana (E. piscucelliana Buscal. & Schltr.) gracilior Rendle = Eulophia livingstoneana gracilior Rendle var. angusta Rendle = Eulophia HABENARIA Willd. livingstoneana chlorotica Rchb.f. = H. filicornis holubii Rolfe = Eulophia schweinfurthii epipactidea Rchb.f. C GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG homblei De Wild. = Eulophia speciosa (Bonatea foliosa (Sw.) Lindl.) horsfallii Bateman = Eulophia horsfallii (Bonatea foliosa (Sw.) Lindl. var. pauciflora Sond.) johnstonii Rolfe = Eulophia schweinfurthii (H. epipactidea Rchb.f. var. schinzii (Rolfe) Kraenzl.) jumelleanus (Schltr.) Schltr. = Eulophia livingstoneana (H. foliosa (Sw.) Rchb.f.) katentaniensis De Wild. = Eulophia angolensis (H. hircina Rchb.f.) laggiarae Schltr. = Eulophia livingstoneana (H. perfoliata Kraenzl.) latus Rolfe = Eulophia angolensis (H. polyphylla Kraenzl.) leendertziae Schltr. = Eulophia tuberculata (H. rautanenii Kraenzl.) leopoldi Kraenzl. = Eulophia latilabris (H. schinzii Rolfe) leucanthus Kraenzl. = Eulophia speciosa (Orchis foliosa Sw.) lindleyanus Rchb.f. = Eulophia angolensis

128 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red POACEAE

livingstoneanus Rchb.f. = Eulophia livingstoneana ALLOTEROPSIS J.Presl malangensis Rchb.f. = Eulophia livingstoneana cimicina (L.) Stapf GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH mediocris Rendle = Eulophia livingstoneana (Milium cimicinum L.) mildbraedii Kraenzl. = Eulophia angolensis nyassae Rolfe = Eulophia latilabris ALOPECURUS L. paludicola Rchb.f. = Eulophia angolensis monspeliensis L. = Polypogon monspeliensis pentheri Schltr. = Eulophia schweinfurthii platypetalus Lindl. = Eulophia tuberculata AMPHILOPHIS Nash platypterus Rchb.f. = Eulophia angolensis glabra (Roxb.) Stapf = Bothriochloa bladhii rendlei Rolfe = Eulophia speciosa glabra (Roxb.) Stapf var. haenkei (J.Presl) E.G.Camus & rutenbergianus Kraenzl. = Eulophia livingstoneana A.Camus = Bothriochloa bladhii sandersonii Rchb.f. = Eulophia horsfallii haenkei (J.Presl) Haines = Bothriochloa bladhii sapinii De Wild. = Eulophia speciosa insculpta (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Stapf = Bothriochloa insculpta schweinfurthii Rchb.f. = Eulophia latilabris intermedia (R.Br.) Stapf = Bothriochloa bladhii smithii Rolfe = Eulophia schweinfurthii radicans (Lehm.) Stapf = Bothriochloa radicans speciosus R.Br. ex Lindl. = Eulophia speciosa stolzianus (Kraenzl.) Schltr. = Eulophia angolensis ANDROPOGON L. transvaalensis Rolfe = Eulophia horsfallii afer J.F.Gmel. = Ischaemum afrum ugandae Rolfe = Eulophia angolensis altissimus Hochst. ex A.Braun = Hyparrhenia rufa var. rufa validus Rendle = Eulophia angolensis amplectens Nees var. catangensis Chiov. = Diheteropogon validus Rendle var. minor Rendle = Eulophia angolensis amplectens var. catangensis vermiculatus De Wild. = Eulophia schweinfurthii appendiculatus Nees var. polycladus Hack. = A. gayanus volkensii Rolfe = Eulophia speciosa arcuatus (Nees) Steud. = Ischaemum fasciculatum wakefieldii Rchb.f. & S.Moore = Eulophia speciosa arthropogon Pilg. = Schizachyrium jeﬀreysii ascinodis C.B.Clarke = A. chinensis ORCHIS .L aureus Bory = Eulalia aurea foliosa Sw. = Habenaria epipactidea bicolor Nees = Hyparrhenia dichroa ichneumonea Sw. = Habenaria ichneumonea bladhii Retz. = Bothriochloa bladhii bouangensis Franch. = Hyparrhenia rufa var. rufa ZEUXINE Lindl. brachytherus Hochst. = Ischaemum afrum africana Rchb.f. K PSUB SRGH ♦S brazzae Franch. K PRE PSUB S ( Z. cochlearis Schltr.) caeruleus Nees ex Steud. = Chrysopogon serrulatus caespitosus A.Rich. = Elionurus muticus POACEAE (GRAMINEAE) caucasicus Trin. = Bothriochloa bladhii ceresiiformis Nees = Monocymbium ceresiiforme ACRACHNE Wight & Arn. ex Chiov. ceresiiformis Nees var. breviaristatus Hack. = Monocymbium racemosa (Roem. & Schult.) Ohwi K PRE PSUB SRGH ceresiiforme ( A. verticillata (Roxb.) Chiov.) ceresiiformis Nees var. hirtellus Franch. = Monocymbium (Eleusine racemosa B.Heyne ex Roem. & Schult.) ceresiiforme ( Eleusine verticillata Roxb.) ceresiiformis Nees var. submuticus Hack. = Monocymbium verticillata (Roxb.) Chiov. = A. racemosa ceresiiforme chinensis (Nees) Merr. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ACROCERAS Stapf (A. ascinodis C.B.Clarke) macrum Stapf GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (A. lindiensis Pilg.) pilgerianum Schweick. = Panicum pilgerianum (A. patris Robyns) (A. pseudoschinzii Stapf) ACROCHAETE Peter (A. schinzii Hack.) pseudoaristata Peter = Setaria pseudoaristata (A. spanianthus Pilg.) (A. sylvaticus C.E.Hubb.) AGROSTIS .L (Homoeatherum chinense Nees) africana Poir. = Sporobolus africanus chrysargyreus (Stapf) Stapf = Hyparrhenia nyassae capensis Willd. = Sporobolus africanus ciliolatus Nees ex Steud. = Chrysopogon serrulatus coromandeliana Retz. = Sporobolus coromandelianus contortus L. = Heteropogon contortus kentrophylla K.Schum. = Sporobolus ioclados dichroa Steud. = Hyparrhenia dichroa lachnantha Nees var. lachnantha PRE SRGH dummeri Stapf = A. schirensis spicata Thunb. = Sporobolus africanus eucomus Nees subsp. eucomus GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG spicata Vahl = Sporobolus spicatus eucomus Nees subsp. huillensis (Rendle) Sales = A. huillensis

129 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana POACEAE (cont.)

exilis Hochst. = Schizachyrium exile rufus (Nees) Kunth = Hyparrhenia rufa var. rufa fasciculatus (Brongn.) Steud. = Ischaemum fasciculatum rufus (Nees) Kunth var. fulvicomus (Hochst.) Hack. = Hyparrhenia fastigiatus Sw. BM PRE SRGH rufa var. rufa (Diectomis fastigiata (Sw.) Kunth) ruprechtii Hack. = Hyperthelia dissoluta filipendulus Hochst. = Hyparrhenia filipendula schinzii Hack. = A. chinensis filipendulus (Hochst.) var. pilosus Hochst. = Hyparrhenia schirensis A.Rich. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH filipendula (A. dummeri Stapf) friesii Pilg. = Sorghastrum nudipes (A. ravus J.G.Andersson) fulvicomus Hochst. = Hyparrhenia rufa var. rufa (A. schirensis A.Rich. var. angustifolius Stapf) fulvicomus (Hochst.) var. approximatus Hochst. = Hyparrhenia (A. schirensis A.Rich. var. natalensis Hack.) rufa var. rufa schirensis A.Rich. var. angustifolius Stapf = A. schirensis gayanus Kunth var. polycladus (Hack.) Clayton E GAB K schirensis A.Rich. var. natalensis Hack. = A. schirensis PRE PSUB sehima Steud. = Sehima ischaemoides (A. appendiculatus Nees var. polycladus Hack.) semiberbis (Nees) Kunth = Schizachyrium sanguineum (A. gayanus Kunth var. squamulatus (Hochst.) Stapf) serratus Thunb. var. versicolor (Andersson) Hack. = Sorghum (A. squamulatus Hochst.) versicolor gayanus Kunth var. squamulatus (Hochst.) Stapf = A. gayanus spanianthus Pilg. = A. chinensis giganteus Hochst. = Cymbopogon caesius subsp. giganteus spicatus (L.f.) Steud. = Trachypogon spicatus glaber Roxb. = Bothriochloa bladhii squamulatus Hochst. = A. gayanus haenkei J.Presl = Bothriochloa bladhii squarrosus L.f. var. nigritanus (Benth.) Hack. = Vetiveria nigritana hirtus L. = Hyparrhenia hirta sylvaticus C.E.Hubb. = A. chinensis hirtus L. var. podotrichus (Hochst.) Hack. = Hyparrhenia hirta thimiodorus (Nees) Steud. = Elionurus muticus hispidissimus Hochst. ex Steud. = Heteropogon contortus transvaalensis Stapf = Hyparrhenia hirta huillensis Rendle BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UDBG tremulus Hack. = Chrysopogon serrulatus (A. eucomus Nees subsp. huillensis (Rendle) Sales) trinii Steud. = Chrysopogon serrulatus insculptus Hocsht. ex A.Rich. = Bothriochloa insculpta trinii Steud. var. increscens Hack. = Chrysopogon serrulatus intermedius R.Br. = Bothriochloa bladhii truncatus (Nees) Steud. = Trachypogon spicatus inundatus F.Muell. = Bothriochloa bladhii xanthoblepharis Trin. = Hyparrhenia rufa var. rufa ischaemum L. var. radicans (Lehm.) Hack. = Bothriochloa radicans ANTHEPHORA Schreb. jeffreysii Hack. = Schizachyrium jeffreysii angustifolia Gooss. = A. argentea lasiobasis Pilg. = Hyparrhenia nyassae argentea Gooss. C GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG UPS WAG laxatus Stapf PRE (A. angustifolia Gooss.) leptanthus Steud. = Bothriochloa bladhii pubescens Nees C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG lindiensis Pilg. = A. chinensis (A. ramosa Goos.) melanocarpus Elliott = Heteropogon melanocarpus ramosa Goos. = A. pubescens monticola Schult. var. trinii (Steud.) Hook.f. = Chrysopogon schinzii Hack. K PRE PSUB SRGH serrulatus nigritanus Benth. = Vetiveria nigritana ANTHISTIRIA L.f. nyassae Rendle = Hyparrhenia nyassae australis R.Br. = Themeda triandra papillosus Hochst. = Dichanthium annulatum var. papillosum dissoluta Nees ex Steud. = Hyperthelia dissoluta patris Robyns = A. chinensis forsskalii Kunth = Themeda triandra perfossus Nees & Meyen ex Steud. = Bothriochloa bladhii imberbis Retz. = Themeda triandra pertusus (L.) Willd. subvar. trifoveolatus Hack. = Bothriochloa punctata Hochst. ex A.Rich. = Themeda triandra insculpta pertusus (L.) Willd. var. capensis Hack. = Bothriochloa insculpta ARISTIDA L. pertusus (L.) Willd. var. insculptus (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Hack. = adscensionis L. BM GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG Bothriochloa insculpta (A. adscensionis L. subsp. guineensis (Trin. & Rupr.) Henrard) plumosus Willd. = Trachypogon spicatus (A. curvata (Nees) T.Durand & Schinz) plurinodis Stapf = Cymbopogon pospischilii (A. submucronata Schumach.) podotrichus Hochst. = Hyparrhenia hirta adscensionis L. subsp. guineensis (Trin. & Rupr.) Henrard = polystictus Hochst. ex Steud. = Heteropogon melanocarpus A. adscensionis pospischilii K.Schum. = Cymbopogon pospischilii aequiglumis Hack. s pseudoschinzii Stapf = A. chinensis alopecuroides Hack. = A. congesta subsp. congesta punctatus Roxb. = Bothriochloa bladhii andoniensis Henrard = A. rhiniochloa radicans Lehm. = Bothriochloa radicans bipartita (Nees) Trin. & Rupr. s ravus J.G.Andersson = A. schirensis borumensis Henrard = A. scabrivalvis subsp. borumensis

130 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red POACEAE (cont.)

burkei Stapf = A. diffusa subsp. burkei spectabilis Hack. PRE canescens Henrard subsp. canescens GAB PRE PSUB SRGH steudeliana Trin. & Rupr. = A. hordeacea ciliata Desf. var. capensis Trin. & Rupr. = Stipagrostis ciliata var. stipitata Hack. subsp. graciliflora (Pilg.) Melderis GAB K PRE capensis PSUB SRGH ciliata Desf. var. pectinata Henrard = Stipagrostis ciliata var. (A. graciliflora Pilg.) capensis (A. stipitata Hack. var. graciliflora (Pilg.) De Winter) ciliata Desf. var. tricholaena Hack. = Stipagrostis ciliata var. (A. vinosa Henr.) capensis stipitata Hack. subsp. robusta (Stent & J.M.Rattray) Melderis ciliata Desf. var. villosa Hack. = Stipagrostis ciliata var. capensis BM GAB LISC PRE PSUB SRGH congesta Roem. & Schult. subsp. barbicollis (Trin. & Rupr.) stipitata Hack. subsp. spicata (De Winter) Melderis BM LISC De Winter PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG PRE PSUB SRGH congesta Roem. & Schult. subsp. congesta BM GAB K PRE stipitata Hack. subsp. stipitata GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH PSUB SRGH UCBG stipitata Hack. var. graciliflora (Pilg.) De Winter = A. stipitata (A. alopecuroides Hack.) subsp. graciliflora (A. longicauda Hack. & Henriq.) stipoides Lam. BM PRE PSUB SRGH curvata (Nees) T.Durand & Schinz = A. adscensionis (A. fontismagni Schweick.) diffusa Trin. subsp. burkei (Stapf) Melderis PRE PSUB SRGH submucronata Schumach. = A. adscensionis (A. burkei Stapf) uniplumis Licht. var. neesii Trin. & Rupr. = Stipagrostis uniplumis (A. diffusa Trin. var. burkei (Stapf) Schweick.) var. neesii diffusa Trin. var. burkei (Stapf) Schweick. = A. diffusa subsp. uniplumis Licht. var. pearsonii Henrard = Stipagrostis uniplumis burkei var. uniplumis effusa Henrard PRE uniplumis Licht. var. uniplumis = Stipagrostis uniplumis var. uniplumis fontismagni Schweick. = A. stipoides vestita Thunb. SRGH graciliflora Pilg. = A. stipitata subsp. graciliflora vinosa Henr. = A. stipitata subsp. graciliflora gracilior Pilg. var. gracilior = Stipagrostis hirtigluma subsp. patula wildii Melderis BM K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG hirtigluma Trin. & Rupr. = Stipagrostis hirtigluma subsp. hirtigluma ARUNDO L. hirtigluma Trin. & Rupr. var. patula Hack. = Stipagrostis australis Cav. = Phragmites australis hirtigluma subsp. patula ✹donax L. PRE Ö hordeacea Kunth GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH (A. pseudohordeacea Stent & Rattray) ASTHENATHERUM Nevski (A. steudeliana Trin. & Rupr.) glaucum (Nees) Nevski = Centropodia glauca hubbardiana Schweick. PRE PSUB SRGH glaucum (Nees) Nevski var. lasiophyllum (Pilg.) Conert = junciformis Trin. & Rupr. subsp. junciformis GAB PRE PSUB Centropodia glauca SRGH UCBG junciformis Trin. & Rupr. subsp. welwitschii (Rendle) Melderis AVENA L. GAB SRGH andropognoides Steud. = Triraphis andropogonoides longicauda Hack. & Henriq. = A. congesta subsp. congesta meridionalis Henrard BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG BEWSIA Gooss. mollissima Pilg. subsp. argentea (Schweick.) Melderis s biflora (Hack.) Gooss. K mollissima Pilg. subsp. mollissima BM GAB K PRE PSUB (Diplachne biflora Hack. ex Schinz) SRGH UCBG namaquensis (Nees) Trin. & Rupr. = Stipagrostis namaquensis BOTHRIOCHLOA Kuntze obtusa Delile = Stipagrostis obtusa animitica Kuntze = B. bladhii pilgeri Henrard BM GAB PRE PSUB SRGH bladhii (Retz.) S.T.Blake BM GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG pseudohordeacea Stent & Rattray = A. hordeacea (Amphilophis glabra (Roxb.) Stapf) rhiniochloa Hochst. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (Amphilophis glabra (Roxb.) Stapf var. haenkei (J.Presl) (A. andoniensis Henrard) E.G.Camus & A.Camus) scabrivalvis Hack. subsp. borumensis (Henrard) Melderis BM (Amphilophis haenkei (J.Presl) Haines) GAB SRGH (Amphilophis intermedia (R.Br.) Stapf) (A. borumensis Henrard) (Andropogon bladhii Retz.) scabrivalvis Hack. subsp. contracta (De Winter) Melderis BM (Andropogon caucasicus Trin.) GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (Andropogon glaber Roxb.) (A. scabrivalvis Hack. var. contracta De Winter) (Andropogon haenkei J.Presl) scabrivalvis Hack. subsp. scabrivalvis GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (Andropogon intermedius R.Br.) scabrivalvis Hack. var.. contracta De Winter = A. scabrivalvis (Andropogon inundatus F.Muell.) subsp. contracta (Andropogon leptanthus Steud.)

131 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana POACEAE (cont.)

(Andropogon perfossus Nees & Meyen ex Steud.) grossa Stapf GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (Andropogon punctatus Roxb.) humidicola (Rendle) Schweick. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (B. animitica Kuntze) (Panicum humidicola Rendle) (B. caucasica (Trin.) C.E.Hubb.) latifolia Stapf = B. arrecta (B. glabra (Roxb.) A.Camus) marlothii (Hack.) Stent GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (B. glabra (Roxb.) A.Camus subsp. haenkei (J.Presl) Henrard) nigropedata (Ficalho & Hiern) Stapf GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (B. glabra (Roxb.) A.Camus var. epunctata Jackson) UCBG (B. haenkei (J.Presl) Ohwi) (Panicum nigropedatum Ficalho & Hiern) (B. insculpta (A.Rich.) A.Camus var. vegetior (Hack.) C.E.Hubb.) serrata (Thunb.) Stapf PRE SRGH (B. intermedia (R.Br.) A.Camus) (B. serrata (Thunb.) Stapf var. gossypina (A.Rich.) Stapf) (B. inundata (F.Muell.) J.M.Black) (Holcus serratus Thunb.) (Dichanthium bladhii (Retz.) Clayton) serrata (Thunb.) Stapf var. gossypina (A.Rich.) Stapf = B. serrata (Rhaphis stricta Nees) xantholeuca (Schinz) Stapf K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Sorghum intermedium (R.Br.) Kuntze) (Panicum xantholeucum Schinz) (Sorghum intermedium (R.Br.) Kuntze var. haenkei (J.Presl) Kuntze) BRACHYACHNE (Benth.) Stapf caucasica (Trin.) C.E.Hubb. = B. bladhii chrysolepis C.E.Hubb. = B. patentiflora glabra (Roxb.) A.Camus = B. bladhii patentiflora (Stent & J.M.Rattray) C.E.Hubb. K PRE PSUB SRGH glabra (Roxb.) A.Camus subsp. haenkei (J.Presl) Henrard = (B. chrysolepis C.E.Hubb.) B. bladhii (B. upambaensis Van der Veken) glabra (Roxb.) A.Camus var. epunctata Jackson = B. bladhii (Microchloa patentiflora Stent & J.M.Rattray) haenkei (J.Presl) Ohwi = B. bladhii upambaensis Van der Veken = B. patentiflora insculpta (A.Rich.) A.Camus E GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Amphilophis insculpta (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Stapf) BRIZA L. (Andropogon insculptus Hochst. ex A.Rich.) capensis Thunb. = Eragrostis capensis (Andropogon pertusus (L.) Willd. subvar. trifoveolatus Hack.) eragrostis L. = Eragrostis cilianensis (Andropogon pertusus (L.) Willd. var. capensis Hack.) (Andropogon pertusus (L.) Willd. var. insculptus (Hochst. ex CENCHRUS L. A.Rich.) Hack.) ✹biflorus Roxb. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG Ö (B. pertusa (L.) A.Camus) ✹brownii Roem. & Schult. PRE insculpta (A.Rich.) A.Camus var. vegetior (Hack.) C.E.Hubb. = ciliaris L. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG B. bladhii granularis L. = Hackelochloa granularis intermedia (R.Br.) A.Camus = B. bladhii racemosus L. = Tragus racemosus inundata (F.Muell.) J.M.Black = B. bladhii pertusa (L.) A.Camus = B. insculpta CENTROPODIA Rchb. radicans (Lehm.) A.Camus GAB K PRE SRGH glauca (Nees) Cope GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG (Amphilophis radicans (Lehm.) Stapf) (Asthenatherum glaucum (Nees) Nevski) (Andropogon radicans Lehm.) (Asthenatherum glaucum (Nees) Nevski var. lasiophyllum (Andropogon ischaemum L. var. radicans (Lehm.) Hack.) (Pilg.) Conert) (Danthonia glauca Nees) BRACHIARIA (Trin.) Griseb. (Danthonia glauca Nees var. lasiophylla Pilg.) arrecta (T.Durand & Schinz) Stent K PRE PSUB SRGH S (Danthonia suffrutescens Stapf) (B. latifolia Stapf) (Panicum arrectum T.Durand & Schinz) CHLORIDION Stapf brizantha (A.Rich.) Stapf PRE PSUB SRGH cameronii Stapf = Sterochlaena cameronii (Panicum brizanthum A.Rich.) deflexa (Schumach.) C.E.Hubb. ex Robyns GAB K PRE PSUB CHLORIS Sw. SRGH UCBG abyssinica Hochst. = C. gayana (Panicum deflexum Schumach.) brachystachys Andersson = C. virgata (Pseudobrachiaria deflexa (Schumach.) Launert) elegans Kunth = C. virgata dictyoneura (Fig. & De Not.) Stapf PRE gayana Kunth GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (Panicum dictyoneurum Fig. & De Not.) (C. abyssinica Hochst.) dura Stapf var. dura C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH WAG glabrata Andersson = C. gayana dura Stapf var. pilosa J.G.Anderson PRE intermedia A.Rich. = C. pycnothrix eruciformis (Sm.) Griseb. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH leptostachya Hochst. ex A.Rich. = C. pycnothrix (Panicum eruciforme Sm.) macrostachya Hochst. ex A.Rich. = Enteropogon macrostachyus glomerata (Hack.) A.Camus K PRE SRGH myriostachya Hochst. = C. roxburghiana

132 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red POACEAE (cont.)

paspaloides (Vahl) Hochst. = Eustachys paspaloides CYMBOPOGON Spreng. petraea Thunb. = Eustachys paspaloides caesius (Hook. & Arn.) Stapf subsp. caesius GAB K PRE UCBG polystachya Roxb. = C. roxburghiana (C. excavatus (Hochst.) Stapf ex Burtt Davy) pycnothrix Trin. SRGH caesius (Hook. & Arn.) Stapf subsp. giganteus (Chiov.) Sales roxburghiana Schult. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH K PRE PSUB (C. myriostachya Hochst.) (Andropogon giganteus Hochst.) simplex Schumach. = Enteropogon macrostachyus (C. giganteus Chiov.) virgata Sw. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG chrysargyreus Stapf = Hyparrhenia nyassae (C. brachystachys Andersson) ✹citratus (DC.) Stapf PRE s (C. virgata Sw. var. elegans (Kunth) Stapf) dichroa (Steud.) Pilg. = Hyparrhenia dichroa virgata Sw. var. elegans (Kunth) Stapf = C. virgata dieterleniae Stapf ex E.Phillips PRE excavatus (Hochst.) Stapf ex Burtt Davy = C. caesius subsp. CHRYSOPOGON Trin. caesius ciliolatus (Nees ex Steud.) Boiss. = C. serrulatus filipendulus (Hochst.) Rendle = Hyparrhenia filipendula fulvus (Spreng.) Chiov. serrulatus (Trin.) R.B.Stewart = C. serrulatus filipendulus (Hochst.) Rendle var. angolensis Rendle = fulvus (Spreng.) Chiov. var. tremulus (Hack.) Chiov. = C. serrulatus Hyparrhenia filipendula montanus Trin. var. serrulatus (Trin.) Stapf = C. serrulatus giganteus Chiov. = C. caesius subsp. giganteus montanus Trin. var. tremulus (Hack.) Stapf = C. serrulatus hirtus (L.) Thomson = Hyparrhenia hirta nigritanus (Benth.) Vedk. = Vetiveria nigritana luembensis De Wild. = Hyparrhenia dichroa serrulatus Trin. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG modicus De Wild. = Hyparrhenia hirta (Andropogon caeruleus Nees ex Steud.) nardus (L.) Rendle GAB (Andropogon ciliolatus Nees ex Steud.) (C. validus (Stapf) Stapf ex Burtt Davy) (Andropogon monticola Schult. var. trinii (Steud.) Hook.f.) nyassae (Rendle) Pilg. = Hyparrhenia nyassae (Andropogon tremulus Hack.) plurinodis (Stapf) Stapf ex Burtt Davy = C. pospischilii (Andropogon trinii Steud.) pospischilii (K.Schum.) C.E.Hubb. BM GAB K PRE PSUB (Andropogon trinii Steud. var. increscens Hack.) SRGH UCBG (C. ciliolatus (Nees ex Steud.) Boiss.) (Andropogon plurinodis Stapf) (C. fulvus (Spreng.) Chiov. var. serrulatus (Trin.) R.B.Stewart) (Andropogon pospischilii K.Schum.) (C. fulvus (Spreng.) Chiov. var. tremulus (Hack.) Chiov.) (C. plurinodis (Stapf) Stapf ex Burtt Davy) (C. montanus Trin. var. serrulatus (Trin.) Stapf) rufus (Nees) Rendle = Hyparrhenia rufa var. rufa (C. montanus Trin. var. tremulus (Hack.) Stapf) rufus (Nees) Rendle var. fulvicomus (Hochst.) Rendle = Hyparrhenia rufa var. rufa CLEISTACHNE Benth. rufus (Nees) Rendle var. glabrescens Chiov. = Hyparrhenia rufa teretifolia Hack. = Miscanthus junceus var. rufa rufus (Nees) Rendle var. major Rendle = Hyparrhenia rufa COELACHYRUM Hochst. & Nees var. rufa yemenicum (Schweinf.) S.M.Phillips BM GAB K PRE ruprechtii (Hack.) Rendle = Hyperthelia dissoluta (Cypholepis yemenica (Schweinf.) Chiov.) transvaalensis (Stapf) Burtt Davy = Hyparrhenia hirta (Eragrostis yemenica Schweinf.) validus (Stapf) Stapf ex Burtt Davy = C. nardus vanderystii De Wild. = Hyparrhenia nyassae CRASPEDORHACHIS Benth. africana Benth. SRGH CYMBOSETARIA Schweick. menyharthii Hack. = Leptochloa uniflora sagittifolia (A.Rich.) Schweick. = Setaria sagittifolia uniflora (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Chippind. = Leptochloa uniflora rhodesiana Rendle BM K PRE CYNODON Rich. (C. rhodesiana Rendle var. gracilior C.E.Hubb.) ✹aethiopicus Clayton & Harlan BM K rhodesiana Rendle var. gracilior C.E.Hubb. = C. rhodesiana dactylon (L.) Pers. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG sarmentosa (Hack.) Pilg. = Willkommia sarmentosa (C. dactylon (L.) Pers. var. elegans Rendle) (Panicum dactylon L.) CROSSOTROPIS Stapf dactylon (L.) Pers. var. elegans Rendle = C. dactylon grandiglumis (Nees) Rendle = Trichoneura grandiglumis var. incompletus Nees s grandiglumis ✹nlemfuensis Vanderyst s grandiglumis (Nees) Rendle var. minor Rendle = Trichoneura transvaalensis Burtt Davy s grandiglumis var. grandiglumis CYNOSURUS L. CTENIUM Panz aegyptius L. = Dactyloctenium aegyptium rupestre J.A.Schmidt = Enteropogon rupestris indicus L. = Eleusine indica

133 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana POACEAE (cont.)

paspaloides Vahl = Eustachys paspaloides eriantha Steud. GAB GENT K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (D. bechuanica (Stent) Henrard) CYPHOLEPIS Chiov. (D. decumbens Stent) yemenica (Schweinf.) Chiov. = Coelachyrum yemenicum (D. dinteri Henrard) (D. eriantha Steud. subsp. pentzii (Stent) Kok) DACTYLIS L. (D. eriantha Steud. subsp. stolonifera (Stapf) Kok) paucinervis Nees = Odyssea paucinervis (D. eriantha Steud. subsp. transvaalensis Kok) spicata Willd. = Elytrophorus spicatus (D. eriantha Steud. var. stolonifera Stapf) (D. geniculata Stent) DACTYLOCTENIUM Willd. (D. pentzii Stent) aegyptium (L.) Willd. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (D. pentzii Stent var. stolonifera (Stapf) Henrard) (Cynosurus aegyptius L.) (D. setivalva Stent) (D. mpuetensis De Wild.) (D. smutsii Stent) ✹geminatum Hack. PRE s (D. stentiana Henrard) giganteum Fisher & Schweick. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (D. valida Stent) mpuetensis De Wild. = D. aegyptium (D. valida Stent var. glauca Stent) eriantha Steud. subsp. pentzii (Stent) Kok = D. eriantha DANTHONIA DC. eriantha Steud. subsp. stolonifera (Stapf) Kok = D. eriantha glauca Nees = Centropodia glauca eriantha Steud. subsp. transvaalensis Kok = D. eriantha glauca Nees var. lasiophylla Pilg. = Centropodia glauca eriantha Steud. var. stolonifera Stapf = D. eriantha suffrutescens Stapf = Centropodia glauca eylesii C.E.Hubb. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH gayana (Kunth) Stapf GENT PRE PSUB SRGH DANTHONIOPSIS Stapf (Panicum gayanum Kunth) dinteri (Pilg.) C.E.Hubb. K PRE SRGH geniculata Stent = D. eriantha (Trichopteryx dinteri Pilg.) longiflora (Retz.) Pers. PRE PSUB SRGH (Panicum longiflorum Retz.) DIANDROCHLOA De Winter macroglossa Henrard = D. natalensis diarrhena (Schult.) Henry = Eragrostis japonica macroglossa Henrard var. prostrata (Stent) Henrard = diplachnoides (Steud.) Henry = Eragrostis japonica D. natalensis japonica (Thunb.) Henry = Eragrostis japonica maitlandii Stapf & C.E.Hubb. s namaquensis (Nees ex Schrad.) De Winter = Eragrostis japonica maniculata Stapf GAB GENT PRE PSUB SRGH pusilla (Hack.) De Winter = Eragrostis pusilla milanjiana (Rendle) Stapf BM GAB K P PRE PSUB SRGH (Panicum milanjianum Rendle) DICHANTHIUM Willemet natalensis Stent PRE annulatum (Forssk.) Stapf var. annulatum s (D. macroglossa Henrard) annulatum (Forssk.) Stapf var. papillosum (A.Rich.) de Wet & (D. macroglossa Henrard var. prostrata (Stent) Henrard) Harlan GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (D. natalensis Stent subsp. stentiana Henrard) (Andropogon papillosus Hochst.) (D. rigida Stent) (D. papillosum (Hochst.) Stapf) natalensis Stent subsp. stentiana Henrard = D. natalensis bladhii (Retz.) Clayton = Bothriochloa bladhii ✹nuda Schumach. GAB papillosum (Hochst.) Stapf = D. annulatum var. papillosum pentzii Stent = D. eriantha ✹sericeum Stapf s pentzii Stent var. stolonifera (Stapf) Henrard = D. eriantha perrottetii (Kunth) Stapf BM GAB P PRE PSUB SRGH DIECTOMIS Kunth (Panicum perrottetii Kunth) fastigiata (Sw.) Kunth = Andropogon fastigiatus polevansii Stent = D. seriata remotigluma (De Winter) Clayton PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG DIGITARIA Haller (Digitariella remotigluma De Winter) acuminatissima Stapf SRGH rigida Stent = D. natalensis bechuanica (Stent) Henrard = D. eriantha ✹sanguinalis (L.) Scop. GENT PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG brazzae (Franch.) Stapf GAB GENT PRE PSUB SRGH (Panicum sanguinale L.) (Panicum brazzae Franch.) scalarum (Schweinf.) Chiov. PSUB SRGH ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (D. vestita Fig. & De Not. var. scalarum (Schweinf.) Henrard) (Panicum ciliare Retz.) (Panicum scalarum Schweinf.) debilis (Desf.) Willd. BM GAB PRE PSUB SRGH seriata Stapf PRE PSUB (Panicum debile Desf.) (D. polevansii Stent) decumbens Stent = D. eriantha setivalva Stent = D. eriantha dinteri Henrard = D. eriantha smutsii Stent = D. eriantha

134 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red POACEAE (cont.)

stentiana Henrard = D. eriantha ugandensis Snowden & C.E.Hubb. K PRE PSUB SRGH valida Stent = D. eriantha valida Stent var. glauca Stent = D. eriantha ELEUSINE Gaertn. velutina (Forssk.) P.Beauv. GAB GENT LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG africana Kenn.-O’Byrne = E. coracana subsp. africana (D. zeyheri (Nees) Henrard) coracana (L.) Gaertn. subsp. africana (Kenn.-O’Byrne) Hilu & (Phalaris velutina Forssk.) de Wet GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG vestita Fig. & De Not. var. scalarum (Schweinf.) Henrard = (E. africana Kenn.-O’Byrne) D. scalarum (E. indica (L.) Gaertn. subsp. africana (Kenn.-O’Byrne) zeyheri (Nees) Henrard = D. velutina S.M.Phillips) indica (L.) Gaertn. K SRGH DIGITARIELLA De Winter (Cynosurus indicus L.) remotigluma De Winter = Digitaria remotigluma indica (L.) Gaertn. subsp. africana (Kenn.-O’Byrne) S.M.Phillips = E. coracana subsp. africana DIHETEROPOGON (Hack.) Stapf racemosa B.Heyne ex Roem. & Schult. = Acrachne racemosa amplectens (Nees) Clayton var. amplectens PRE verticillata Roxb. = Acrachne racemosa amplectens (Nees) Clayton var. catangensis (Chiov.) Clayton GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH ELIONURUS Kunth ex Willd. (Andropogon amplectens Nees var. catangensis Chiov.) argenteus Nees = E. muticus filifolius (Nees) Clayton s argenteus Nees var. caespitosus (A.Rich.) Hack. = E. muticus argenteus Nees var. thimiodorus (Nees) Stapf = E. muticus DINEBRA Jacq. chevalieri Stapf = E. muticus retroflexa (Vahl) Panz. var. condensata S.M.Phillips GAB K glaber E.Phillips = E. muticus PRE PSUB SRGH glaber E.Phillips var. villosus E.Phillips = E. muticus gobariensis Vanderyst = E. muticus DIPLACHNE P.Beauv. muticus (Spreng.) Kunth GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG andropognoides (Steud.) Nees = Triraphis andropogonoides (Andropogon caespitosus A.Rich.) biflora Hack. ex Schinz = Bewsia biflora (Andropogon thimiodorus (Nees) Steud.) cinerea Hack. = Odyssea paucinervis (E. argenteus Nees) eleusine Nees = Leptochloa eleusiine (E. argenteus Nees var. caespitosus (A.Rich.) Hack.) fleckii Hack. = Pogonarthria fleckii (E. argenteus Nees var. thimiodorus (Nees) Stapf) fusca (L.) P.Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult. = Leptochloa fusca (E. chevalieri Stapf) gigantea Launert = Leptochloa gigantea (E. glaber E.Phillips) grandiglumis (Nees) Hack. = Trichoneura grandiglumis var. (E. glaber E.Phillips var. villosus E.Phillips) grandiglumis (E. gobariensis Vanderyst) menyharthii Hack. = Pogonarthria squarrosa (E. pretoriensis E.Phillips) paucinervis (Nees) Hack. = Odyssea paucinervis (E. thimiodorus Nees) (Lycurus muticus Spreng.) DOLICHOCHAETE (C.E.Hubb.) J.B.Phipps pretoriensis E.Phillips = E. muticus rehmannii (Hack.) J.B.Phipps = Tristachya rehmannii thimiodorus Nees = E. muticus tripsacoides Willd. K PRE SRGH ECHINOCHLOA P.Beauv. (E. trapnellii C.E.Hubb.) colona (L.) Link GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (E. welwitschii Rendle) (Panicum colonum L.) trapnellii C.E.Hubb. = E. tripsacoides crus-galli (L.) P.Beauv. GAB PRE PSUB SRGH welwitschii Rendle = E. tripsacoides (E. subverticillata Pilg.) (Oplismenus crus-pavonis Kunth) ELYMANDRA Stapf (Panicum crus-galli L.) grallata (Stapf) Clayton GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH crus-pavonis (Kunth) Schult. K PSUB SRGH (Hyparrhenia eylesii C.E.Hubb.) haploclada (Stapf) Stapf GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (Hyparrhenia grallata Stapf) (Panicum haplocladum Stapf) holubii (Stapf) Stapf PRE ELYTROPHORUS P.Beauv. jubata Stapf K PRE PSUB SRGH africanus Schweick. = E. globularis articulatus P.Beauv. = E. spicatus (Panicum pyramidale Lam.) globularis Hack. K PRE PSUB SRGH stagnina (Retz.) P.Beauv. C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S (E. africanus Schweick.) (Panicum stagninum Retz.) (E. interruptus Pilg.) subverticillata Pilg. = E. crus-galli interruptus Pilg. = E. globularis

135 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana POACEAE (cont.)

spicatus (Willd.) A.Camus K PRE PSUB SRGH bicolor Nees GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Dactylis spicata Willd.) biflora Hack. ex Schinz GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (E. articulatus P.Beauv.) brizantha Nees K PRE UCBG buchananii Gand. = E. aspera ENNEAPOGON Desv. ex P.Beauv. buchananii K.Schum. = E. nindensis brachystachyum (Jaub. & Spach) Stapf = E. desvauxii capensis (Thunb.) Trin. SRGH cenchroides (Roem. & Schult.) C.E.Hubb. BM COI GAB K (Briza capensis Thunb.) PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG chapelieri (Kunth) Nees GAB SRGH (Pappophorum cenchroides Roem. & Schult.) chloromelas Steud. = E. curvula desvauxii P.Beauv. BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG cilianensis (All.) Vignolo ex Janch. BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (E. brachystachyum (Jaub. & Spach) Stapf) UCBG filifolius (Pilg.) Stapf ex Garab. = E. scoparius (Briza eragrostis L.) pretoriensis Stent GAB PRE SRGH (E. major Host) scaber Lehm. PRE SRGH UCBG (E. megastachya (Koeler) Link) scoparius Stapf BM GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH (E. polysperma Peter) (E. filifolius (Pilg.) Stapf ex Garab.) (Poa cilianensis All.) (Poa megastachya Koeler) ENTEROPOGON Nees ciliaris (L.) R.Br. K PRE macrostachyus (A.Rich.) Benth. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG (E. ciliaris (L.) R.Br. var. brachystachya Boiss.) (E. simplex (Schumach. & Thonn.) A.Chev.) (E. ciliaris (L.) R.Br. var. latifolia Hack.) rupestris (J.A.Schmidt) A.Chev. K PRE PSUB (Poa ciliaris L.) (Ctenium rupestre J.A.Schmidt) ciliaris (L.) R.Br. var. brachystachya Boiss. = E. ciliaris (E. ruspolianus Chiov.) ciliaris (L.) R.Br. var. latifolia Hack. = E. ciliaris (E. somalense Chiov.) cimicina Launert BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH ruspolianus Chiov. = E. rupestris comata Peter = E. lappula simplex (Schumach. & Thonn.) A.Chev. = E. macrostachyus curvula (Schrad.) Nees GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG somalense Chiov. = E. rupestris (E. chloromelas Steud.) (E. robusta Stent) ENTOLASIA Stapf (Poa curvula Schrad.) imbricata Stapf K PRE PSUB SRGH cylindriflora Hochst. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (E. adenocoleos Pilg.) ERAGROSTIS Wolf (E. agrostoidea Rendle) abyssinica (Jacq.) Link = E. tef (E. agrostoidea Rendle var. speciosa Rendle) acutissima Jedwabn. = E. nindensis (E. agrostoidea Rendle var. viscosa Rendle) adenocoleos Pilg. = E. cylindriflora (E. horizontalis Peter) aethiopica Chiov. K PRE SRGH (E. quadriflora Rendle) (E. gracillima Hack.) (E. seineri Jedwabn.) agrostoidea Rendle = E. cylindriflora densiflora Rendle = E. rotifer agrostoidea Rendle var. speciosa Rendle = E. cylindriflora denudata Hack. = E. nindensis agrostoidea Rendle var. viscosa Rendle = E. cylindriflora depauperata Andersson = E. japonica airiformis Rendle = E. rotifer diarrhena (Schult.) Steud. = E. japonica alata Ficalho & Hiern = E. superba dinteri Stapf GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG amabilis (L.) Hook. & Arn. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG diplachnoides Steud. = E. japonica (E. tenella (L.) Roem. & Schult.) dura Stapf = E. pallens (Poa amabilis L.) echinochloidea Stapf BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Poa tenella L.) (E. auriculata Hack.) angusta Hack. = E. rotifer frederici Rendle = E. lappula annulata Rendle ex Scott-Elliot K PRE SRGH UCBG friesii Pilg. SRGH aspera (Jacq.) Nees GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG galpinii Stent = E. inamoena (E. buchananii Gand.) gangetica (Roxb.) Steud. K (E. quintasii Gand.) (Poa gangetica Roxb.) atherstonei Stapf = E. trichophora glandulosipedata De Winter GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH auriculata Hack. = E. echinochloidea gracillima Hack. = E. aethiopica barbinodis Hack. K PRE SRGH gummiflua Nees GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ✹barrelieri Daveau K PRE SRGH habrantha Rendle K PRE PSUB SRGH bergiana (Kunth) Trin. GAB PRE UCBG henrardii Jansen = E. trichophora beroensis Rendle = E. rotifer heteromera Stapf GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH

136 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red POACEAE (cont.)

(E. wilmsii Stapf) (E. acutissima Jedwabn.) hierniana Rendle GAB K PRE SRGH (E. buchananii K.Schum.) (E. uniglumis Hack.) (E. denudata Hack.) homomalla Nees K PRE SRGH omahekensis De Winter UCBG (E. hygrophila C.E.Hubb. & Schweick.) pallens Hack. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG hochstetteri Steud. = E. japonica (E. dura Stapf) horizontalis Peter = E. cylindriflora patentipilosa Hack. PRE hygrophila C.E.Hubb. & Schweick. = E. homomalla (Poa pilosa L.) inamoena K.Schum. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG phyllacantha Cope K PRE SRGH (E. galpinii Stent) pilgeriana Dinter ex Pilg. K PRE PSUB SRGH japonica (Thunb.) Trin. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG pilosa (L.) P.Beauv. BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (Diandrochloa diarrhena (Schult.) Henry) pilosa (L.) P.Beauv. var. abyssinica (Jacq.) Asch. & P.Graebn. = (Diandrochloa diplachnoides (Steud.) Henry) E. tef (Diandrochloa japonica (Thunb.) Henry) pilosa (L.) P.Beauv. var. tef (Zucc.) Fiori = E. tef (Diandrochloa namaquensis (Nees ex Schrad.) De Winter) plana Nees PRE PSUB SRGH (E. depauperata Andersson) platyphylla Rendle = E. rotifer (E. diarrhena (Schult.) Steud.) podotricha Chiov. = E. porosa (E. diplachnoides Steud.) polysperma Peter = E. cilianensis (E. hochstetteri Steud.) porosa Nees GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (E. leprieurii Steud.) (E. podotricha Chiov.) (E. namaquensis Nees ex Schrad.) procumbens Nees s (E. namaquensis Nees ex Schrad. var. robusta Stapf) pseudosclerantha Chiov. = E. patentipilosa (E. tenuissima Schrad. ex Nees) pusilla Hack. BM K PRE PSUB SRGH (Poa diandra Roxb.) (Diandrochloa pusilla (Hack.) De Winter) (Poa diarrhena Schult.) quadriflora Rendle = E. cylindriflora (Poa japonica Thunb.) quintasii Gand. = E. aspera (Poa tenella R.Br.) racemosa (Thunb.) Steud. SRGH (Poa tenellula Kunth) rigidior Pilg. PRE (Roshevitzia diplachnoides (Steud.) Tzevelev) robusta Stent = E. curvula (Vilfa confertiflora (A.Rich.) Steud.) rogersii C.E.Hubb. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH jeffreysii Hack. PRE rotifer Rendle GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG laevissima Hack. K PRE SRGH UCBG (E. airiformis Rendle) (E. stentiae Bremek. & Oberm.) (E. angusta Hack.) lappula Nees GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (E. beroensis Rendle) (E. comata Peter) (E. densiflora Rendle) (E. frederici Rendle) (E. margaritacea Stapf) (E. lappula Nees var. divaricata Stapf) (E. platyphylla Rendle) lappula Nees var. divaricata Stapf = E. lappula sarmentosa (Thunb.) Trin. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG lehmanniana Nees var. chaunantha (Pilg.) De Winter)s (Poa sarmentosa Thunb.) lehmanniana Nees var. lehmanniana GAB K PRE PSUB seineri Jedwabn. = E. cylindriflora SRGH UCBG sporoboloides Stapf = E. stapfii (E. vansonii Bremek. & Oberm.) stapfii De Winter BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG leprieurii Steud. = E. japonica (E. sporoboloides Stapf) leptotricha Cope K SRGH stentiae Bremek. & Oberm. = E. laevissima macrochlamys Pilg. var. wilmaniae (C.E.Hubb. & Schweick.) strigosa Andersson = E. viscosa De Winter K SRGH subglandulosa Cope BM K PRE SRGH (E. wilmaniae C.E.Hubb. & Schweick.) superba Peyr. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG major Host = E. cilianensis (E. alata Ficalho & Hiern) margaritacea Stapf = E. rotifer (E. superba Peyr. var. contracta Peter) marlothii Hack. = Pogonarthria squarrosa superba Peyr. var. contracta Peter = E. superba megastachya (Koeler) Link = E. cilianensis ✹tef (Zucc.) Trotter K PRE SRGH membranacea Hack. ex Schinz K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (E. abyssinica (Jacq.) Link) micrantha Hack. PRE (E. pilosa (L.) P.Beauv. var. abyssinica (Jacq.) Asch. & P.Graebn.) mildbraedii Pilg. K PRE SRGH (E. pilosa (L.) P.Beauv. var. tef (Zucc.) Fiori) namaquensis Nees ex Schrad. = E. japonica (Poa abyssinica Jacq.) namaquensis Nees ex Schrad. var. robusta Stapf = E. japonica (Poa tef Zucc.) nindensis Ficalho & Hiern GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG tenella (L.) Roem. & Schult. = E. amabilis

137 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana POACEAE (cont.)

tenuissima Schrad. ex Nees = E. japonica (E. petraea (Thunb.) Desv.) transvaalensis Gand. = E. viscosa petraea (Thunb.) Desv. = E. paspaloides trichophora Coss. & Durieu PRE (E. atherstonei Stapf) FESTUCA L. (E. henrardii Jansen) fusca L. = Leptochloa fusca truncata Hack. GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG minima A.Rich. = Tripogon minimus uniglumis Hack. = E. hierniana vansonii Bremek. & Oberm. = E. lehmanniana FINGERHUTHIA Nees viscosa (Retz.) Trin. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG afghanica Boiss. = F. africana (E. strigosa Andersson) africana Lehm. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (E. transvaalensis Gand.) (F. afghanica Boiss.) (Poa strigosa Retz.) wilmaniae C.E.Hubb. & Schweick. = E. macrochlamys var. HACKELOCHLOA Kuntze wilmaniae granularis (L.) Kuntze E SRGH wilmsii Stapf = E. heteromera (Cenchrus granularis L.) yemenica Schweinf. = Coelachyrum yemenicum (Manisuris granularis (L.) L.f.) (Rottboellia granularis (L.) Roberty) ERIANTHUS Michx. junceus Stapf = Miscanthus junceus HEMARTHRIA R.Br. teretifolius Stapf = Miscanthus junceus altissima (Poir.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (H. compressa (L.f.) R.Br. subsp. altissima (Poir.) Maire) ERIOCHLOA Kunth (H. fasciculata (Lam.) Kunth) fatmensis (Hochst. & Steud.) Clayton C GAB K PRE SRGH WAG (Manisuris altissima (Poir.) Hitchc.) (E. nubica (Steud.) Hack. & Stapf ex Thell.) (Rottboellia altissima Poir.) (Panicum fatmense Hochst. & Steud.) (Rottboellia compressa L.f. var. fasciculata (Lam.) Hack.) macclounii Stapf K PRE PSUB SRGH (Rottboellia fasciculata Lam.) meyeriana (Nees) Pilg. subsp. meyeriana GAB K PRE PSUB (Rottboellia heterochroa Gand.) SRGH compressa (L.f.) R.Br. subsp. altissima (Poir.) Maire = H. altissima (Panicum meyerianum Nees var. meyerianum) fasciculata (Lam.) Kunth = H. altissima nubica (Steud.) Hack. & Stapf ex Thell. = E. fatmensis natans Stapf s procera (Retz.) C.E.Hubb. PRE HETEROPOGON Pers. ERIOCHRYSIS P.Beauv. contortus (L.) Roem. & Schult. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG brachypogon (Stapf) Stapf s (Andropogon contortus L.) munroana (Hack.) Pilg. = E. pallida (Andropogon hispidissimus Hochst. ex Steud.) pallida Munro GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH S (H. hispidissimus Hochst. ex A.Rich.) (E. munroana (Hack.) Pilg.) hispidissimus Hochst. ex A.Rich. = H. contortus (Saccharum munroanum Hack.) melanocarpus (Elliott) Benth. K PRE PSUB SRGH (Saccharum pallidum (Munro) Benth.) (Andropogon melanocarpus Elliott) (Andropogon polystictus Hochst. ex Steud.) EULALIA Kunth (H. polystictus (Hochst. ex Steud.) Hochst.) aurea (Bory) Kunth GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH polystictus (Hochst. ex Steud.) Hochst. = H. melanocarpus (Andropogon aureus Bory) truncatus Nees = Trachypogon spicatus (E. elata Peter) (E. elata Peter var. hirsuta Peter) HOLCUS L. (E. ferruginea Stapf) serratus Thunb. = Brachiaria serrata (E. geniculata Stapf) (Pogonatherum aureum (Bory) Roberty) HOMOEATHERUM Nees (Pollinia homblei De Wild.) chinense Nees = Andropogon chinensis elata Peter = E. aurea elata Peter var. hirsuta Peter = E. aurea HYPARRHENIA E.Fourn. ferruginea Stapf = E. aurea acutispathacea (De Wild.) Robyns var. pilosa Bamps = H. rudis geniculata Stapf = E. aurea altissima Stapf = H. rufa var. rufa anamesa Clayton K PRE EUSTACHYS Desv. chrysargyrea (Stapf) Stapf = H. nyassae paspaloides (Vahl) Lanza & Mattei GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH dichroa (Steud.) Stapf K PRE PSUB SRGH (Cynosurus paspaloides Vahl) (Andropogon bicolor Nees)

138 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red POACEAE (cont.)

(Andropogon dichroa Steud.) (Andropogon fulvicomus Hochst.) (Cymbopogon dichroa (Steud.) Pilg.) (Andropogon fulvicomus (Hochst.) var. approximatus Hochst.) (Cymbopogon luembensis De Wild.) (Andropogon rufus (Nees) Kunth) (H. fastigiata Robyns) (Andropogon rufus (Nees) Kunth var. fulvicomus (Hochst.) (H. luembensis (De Wild.) Robyns) Hack.) dissoluta (Nees) C.E.Hubb. = Hyperthelia dissoluta (Andropogon xanthoblepharis Trin.) eylesii C.E.Hubb. = Elymandra grallata (Cymbopogon rufus (Nees) Rendle) fastigiata Robyns = H. dichroa (Cymbopogon rufus (Nees) Rendle var. fulvicomus (Hochst.) filipendula (Hochst.) Stapf var. filipendula GAB K PRE PSUB Rendle) SRGH (Cymbopogon rufus (Nees) Rendle var. glabrescens Chiov.) (Andropogon filipendulus Hochst.) (Cymbopogon rufus (Nees) Rendle var. major Rendle) (Andropogon filipendulus (Hochst.) var. pilosus Hochst.) (H. altissima Stapf) (Cymbopogon filipendulus (Hochst.) Rendle) (H. fulvicoma (Hochst.) Andersson) (Cymbopogon filipendulus (Hochst.) Rendle (H. hirta (L.) Stapf var. brachypoda Chiov.) var. angolensis Rendle) (H. parvispiculata Bamps) (H. piovanii Chiov.) (H. rufa (Nees) Stapf var. fulvicoma (Hochst.) Chiov.) filipendula (Hochst.) Stapf var. pilosa (Hochst.) Stapf PRE (H. rufa (Nees) Stapf var. major (Rendle) Stapf) (H. filipendula (Hochst.) Stapf var. pilosa (Hochst.) Stapf) ruprechtii (Hack.) E.Fourn. = Hyperthelia dissoluta fulvicoma (Hochst.) Andersson = H. rufa var. rufa tamba (Steud.) Stapf PRE grallata Stapf = Elymandra grallata vanderystii (De Wild.) Vanderyst = H. nyassae hirta (L.) Stapf GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG vulpina Stapf = H. nyassae (Andropogon hirtus L.) welwitschii (Rendle) Stapf s (Andropogon hirtus L. var. podotrichus (Hochst.) Hack.) (Andropogon podotrichus Hochst.) HYPERTHELIA Clayton (Andropogon transvaalensis Stapf) dissoluta (Nees ex Steud.) Clayton GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Cymbopogon hirtus (L.) Thomson) (Andropogon ruprechtii Hack.) (Cymbopogon modicus De Wild.) (Anthistiria dissoluta Nees ex Steud.) (Cymbopogon transvaalensis (Stapf) Burtt Davy) (Cymbopogon ruprechtii (Hack.) Rendle) (H. hirta (L.) Stapf var. podotricha (Hochst.) Pic.Serm.) (Hyparrhenia dissoluta (Nees) C.E.Hubb.) (H. modica (De Wild.) Robyns) (Hyparrhenia ruprechtii (Hack.) E.Fourn.) (H. podotricha (Hochst.) Andersson) hirta (L.) Stapf var. brachypoda Chiov. = H. rufa var. rufa HYPOGYNIUM Nees hirta (L.) Stapf var. podotricha (Hochst.) Pic.Serm. = H. hirta ceresiiforme (Nees) Roberty = Monocymbium ceresiiforme luembensis (De Wild.) Robyns = H. dichroa modica (De Wild.) Robyns = H. hirta IMPERATA Cirillo nyassae (Rendle) Stapf K PRE PSUB SRGH angolensis Fritsch = I. cylindrica (Andropogon chrysargyreus (Stapf) Stapf) arundinacea Cirillo = I. cylindrica (Andropogon lasiobasis Pilg.) arundinacea Cirillo var. africana Andersson = I. cylindrica (Andropogon nyassae Rendle) arundinacea Cirillo var. thunbergii (Retz.) Stapf = I. cylindrica (Cymbopogon chrysargyreus Stapf) cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (Cymbopogon nyassae (Rendle) Pilg.) (I. angolensis Fritsch) (Cymbopogon vanderystii De Wild.) (I. arundinacea Cirillo) (H. chrysargyrea (Stapf) Stapf) (I. arundinacea Cirillo var. africana Andersson) (H. vanderystii (De Wild.) Vanderyst) (I. arundinacea Cirillo var. thunbergii (Retz.) Stapf) (H. vulpina Stapf) (I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. var. africana (Andersson) C.E.Hubb.) parvispiculata Bamps = H. rufa var. rufa (I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. var. koenigii (Retz.) Pilg.) piovanii Chiov. = H. filipendula (I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. var. major (Nees) C.E.Hubb.) podotricha (Hochst.) Andersson = H. hirta (I. cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. var. thunbergii (Retz.) T.Durand & poecilotricha (Hack.) Stapf s Schinz) rudis Stapf PRE PSUB SRGH (I. dinteri Pilg.) (H. acutispathacea (De Wild.) Robyns var. pilosa Bamps) (Lagurus cylindricus L.) rufa (Nees) Stapf var. fulvicoma (Hochst.) Chiov. = H. rufa var. (Saccharum koenigii Retz.) rufa (Saccharum thunbergii Retz.) rufa (Nees) Stapf var. major (Rendle) Stapf = H. rufa var. rufa cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. var. africana (Andersson) C.E.Hubb. = rufa (Nees) Stapf var. rufa GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH I. cylindrica (Andropogon altissimus Hochst. ex A.Braun) cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. var. koenigii (Retz.) Pilg. = I. cylindrica (Andropogon bouangensis Franch.) cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. var. major (Nees) C.E.Hubb. = I. cylindrica

139 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana POACEAE (cont.)

cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. var. thunbergii (Retz.) T.Durand & Schinz (Festuca fusca L.) = I. cylindrica gigantea (Launert) Cope & N.Snow PRE PSUB SRGH S dinteri Pilg. = I. cylindrica (Diplachne gigantea Launert) grandiglumis Nees = Trichoneura grandiglumis var. grandiglumis ISCHAEMUM L. panicea (Retz.) Ohwi GAB SRGH afrum (J.F.Gmel.) Dandy GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH plumosa Andersson = Leptocarydion vulpiastrum (Andropogon afer J.F.Gmel.) uniflora A.Rich. K (Andropogon brachytherus Hochst.) (Craspedorhachis menyharthii Hack.) (I. brachyatherum (Hochst.) Hack.) (Craspedorhachis uniflora (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Chippind.) (I. glaucostachyum Stapf) arcuatum (Nees) Stapf = I. fasciculatum LINTONIA Stapf brachyatherum (Hochst.) Hack. = I. afrum nutans Stapf GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH cuspidatum Roxb. = Vossia cuspidata (Joannegria melicoides (Chiov.) Chiov.) fasciculatum Brongn. PRE PSUB SRGH (L. nutans Stapf var. melicoides (Chiov.) Chiov.) (Andropogon arcuatus (Nees) Steud.) (Negria melicoides Chiov.) (Andropogon fasciculatus (Brongn.) Steud.) nutans Stapf var. melicoides (Chiov.) Chiov. = L. nutans (I. arcuatum (Nees) Stapf) (I. fasciculatum Brongn. var. arcuatum (Nees) Hack.) LOUDETIA Hochst. ex Steud. (I. junodii Hack.) flavida (Stapf) C.E.Hubb. K PRE SRGH (I. melleri Stent) (Trichopteryx flavida Stapf) (I. purpurascens Stapf) simplex (Nees) C.E.Hubb. PRE SRGH UCBG (Spodiopogon arcuatus Nees) (Tristachya simplex Nees) fasciculatum Brongn. var. arcuatum (Nees) Hack. = superba De Not. = Tristachya superba I. fasciculatum glaucostachyum Stapf = I. afrum LYCURUS Kunth junodii Hack. = I. fasciculatum muticus Spreng. = Elionurus muticus melleri Stent = I. fasciculatum purpurascens Stapf = I. fasciculatum MANDELORNA Steud. insignis Steud. = Vetiveria nigritana JOANNEGRIA Chiov. melicoides (Chiov.) Chiov. = Lintonia nutans MANISURIS L. altissima (Poir.) Hitchc. = Hemarthria altissima LAGURUS L. granularis (L.) L.f. = Hackelochloa granularis cylindricus L. = Imperata cylindrica MEGALOPROTACHNE C.E.Hubb. LEERSIA Sw. albescens C.E.Hubb. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG denudata Launert PSUB SRGH S (M. glabrescens Roiv.) friesii Melderis PRE PSUB SRGH S glabrescens Roiv. = M. albescens hexandra Sw. BM GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S tisserantii (A.Chev.) Launert MELINIS P.Beauv. (Oryza tisserantii A.Chev.) kallimorpha (Clayton) Zizka PRE SRGH (Rhynchelytrum kallimorphon Clayton) LEPTOCARYDION Stapf longiseta (A.Rich.) Zizka subsp. bellespicata (Rendle) Zizka vulpiastrum (De Not.) Stapf BM K PRE PSUB SRGH PRE SRGH (Leptochloa plumosa Andersson) (Rhynchelytrum bellespicatum (Rendle) Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) (Rabdochloa vulpiastrum De Not.) (Tricholaena bellespicata Rendle) (Triodia plumosa (Andersson) Benth.) (Tricholaena longiseta A.Rich.) (Triodia vulpiastrum (De Not.) K.Schum.) nerviglumis (Franch.) Zizka K PRE SRGH (Rhynchelytrum nerviglume (Franch.) Chiov.) LEPTOCHLOA P.Beauv. (Rhynchelytrum nyassanum (Mez) Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) chinensis (L.) Nees GAB K PRE SRGH (Rhynchelytrum ramosum Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) (Poa chinensis L.) (Rhynchelytrum rhodesianum (Rendle) Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) eleusine (Nees) Cope & N.Snow GAB PRE (Rhynchelytrum setifolium (Stapf) Chiov.) (Diplachne eleusine Nees) (Tricholaena nerviglumis Franch.) falcata Hack. = Pogonarthria squarrosa repens (Willd.) Zizka subsp. grandiflora (Hochst.) Zizka GAB fusca (L.) Kunth GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH LISC M PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Diplachne fusca (L.) P.Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult.) (Rhynchelytrum brevipilum (Hack.) Chiov.)

140 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red POACEAE (cont.)

(Rhynchelytrum costatum Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) NARDUS L. (Rhynchelytrum grandiflorum Hochst.) indica L.f. = Microchloa indica (Rhynchelytrum suberostratum Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) (Rhynchelytrum villosum (Parl.) Chiov.) NEGRIA Chiov. repens (Willd.) Zizka subsp. repens BR GAB PRE PSUB SRGH melicoides Chiov. = Lintonia nutans UCBG (Rhynchelytrum repens (Willd.) C.E.Hubb.) ODYSSEA Stapf (Saccharum repens Willd.) paucinervis (Nees) Stapf GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (Dactylis paucinervis Nees) MICROCHLOA R.Br. (Diplachne cinerea Hack.) abyssinica Hochst. ex A.Rich. = M. kunthii (Diplachne paucinervis (Nees) Hack.) caffra Nees GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG indica (L.f.) P.Beauv. K PRE PSUB SRGH OPLISMENUS P.Beauv. (M. setacea R.Br.) burmannii (Retz.) P.Beauv. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (M. setacea R.Br. var. gracilis Rendle) (Panicum burmannii Retz.) (Nardus indica L.f.) crus-pavonis Kunth = Echinochloa crus-pavonis (Rottboellia setacea Roxb.) hirtellus (L.) P.Beauv. K SRGH kunthii Desv. GAB PRE SRGH (Panicum hirtellum L.) (M. abyssinica Hochst. ex A.Rich.) undulatifolius (Ard.) Roem. & Schult. PRE PSUB SRGH patentiflora Stent & J.M.Rattray = Brachyachne patentiflora (Panicum undulatifolium Ard.) setacea R.Br. = M. indica setacea R.Br. var. gracilis Rendle = M. indica OROPETIUM Trin. capense Stapf GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG MILIUM L. cimicinum L. = Alloteropsis cimicina ORYZA L. barthii A.Chev. PRE PSUB SRGH MISCANTHIDIUM Stapf longistaminata A.Chev. & Roehr. BM GAB PRE PSUB gossweileri Stapf = Miscanthus junceus SRGH UCBG S junceum (Stapf) Stapf = Miscanthus junceus (O. sylvestris A.Chev.) teretifolium (Stapf) Stapf = Miscanthus junceus sylvestris A.Chev. = O. longistaminata tisserantii A.Chev. = Leersia tisserantii MISCANTHUS Andersson capensis (Nees) Andersson s ORYZIDIUM C.E.Hubb. & Schweick. gossweileri (Stapf) Pilg. = M. junceus barnardii C.E.Hubb. & Schweick. K PRE PSUB SRGH S junceus (Stapf) Pilg. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S (Cleistachne teretifolia Hack.) PANICUM L. (Erianthus junceus Stapf) aphanoneurum Steud. = P. fluviicola (Erianthus teretifolius Stapf) arcurameum Stapf K PRE SRGH (M. gossweileri (Stapf) Pilg.) arrectum T.Durand & Schinz = Brachiaria arrecta (M. teretifolium (Stapf) Stapf) atrosanguineum A.Rich. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (M. teretifolius (Stapf) Pilg.) bechuanense Bremek. & Oberm. K PRE SRGH (Miscanthidium gossweileri Stapf) brachyurum Hack. = Urochloa brachyura (Miscanthidium junceum (Stapf) Stapf) brazzae Franch. = Digitaria brazzae teretifolius (Stapf) Pilg. = M. junceus brizanthum A.Rich. = Brachiaria brizantha burmannii Retz. = Oplismenus burmannii MONOCYMBIUM Stapf ciliare Retz. = Digitaria ciliaris ceresiiforme (Nees) Stapf GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH colonum L. = Echinochloa colona (Andropogon ceresiiformis Nees) coloratum L. var. coloratum GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ♦ (Andropogon ceresiiformis Nees var. breviaristatus Hack.) (P. coloratum L. var. makarikariense Goos.) (Andropogon ceresiiformis Nees var. hirtellus Franch.) crus-galli L. = Echinochloa crus-galli (Andropogon ceresiiformis Nees var. submuticus Hack.) dactylon L. = Cynodon dactylon (Hypogynium ceresiiforme (Nees) Roberty) debile Desf. = Digitaria debilis (M. ceresiiforme (Nees) Stapf subvar. hirtulum Chiov.) deflexum Schumach. = Brachiaria deflexa (M. nimbanum Jacq.-Fél.) deustum Thunb. PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG ceresiiforme (Nees) Stapf subvar. hirtulum Chiov. = dictyoneurum Fig. & De Not. = Brachiaria dictyoneura M. ceresiiforme dregeanum Nees GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG nimbanum Jacq.-Fél. = M. ceresiiforme eruciforme Sm. = Brachiaria eruciformis

141 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana POACEAE (cont.)

fatmense Hochst. & Steud. = Eriochloa fatmensis repentellum Napper K PRE PSUB SRGH S filiculme Schinz = P. hymeniochilum sagittifolium A.Rich. = Setaria sagittifolia fluviicola Steud. K PRE PSUB SRGH S sanguinale L. = Digitaria sanguinalis (P. aphanoneurum Steud.) schinzii Hack. K PRE PSUB SRGH funaense Vanderyst K PRE PSUB SRGH S (P. laevifolium Hack. var. laevifolium) gayanum Kunth = Digitaria gayana scalarum Schweinf. = Digitaria scalarum gilvum Launert K PRE SRGH ♦ stagninum Retz. = Echinochloa stagnina (P. laevifolium Hack. var. contractum Pilg.) stapfianum Fourc. GAB PRE PSUB glabrescens Steud. = P. subalbidum (P. minus Stapf) glomeratum Hack.= Brachiaria glomerata subalbidum Kunth GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH S graniflorum Stapf K SRGH (P. glabrescens Steud.) (Panicum haplocladum Stapf) trichonode Launert & Renvoize K PRE PSUB SRGH haplocladum Stapf = Echinochloa haploclada trichopus Hochst. = Urochloa trichopus heterostachyum Hack. K PRE PSUB SRGH typhurum Stapf = Sacciolepis typhura hirtellum L. = Oplismenus hirtellus undulatifolium Ard. = Oplismenus undulatifolius homonymum Steud. = Setaria homonyma verticillatum L. = Setaria verticillata humidicola Rendle = Brachiaria humidicola xantholeucum Schinz = Brachiaria xantholeuca hymeniochilum Nees K PRE PSUB SRGH S (P. filiculme Schinz) PAPPOPHORUM Schreb. (P. hymeniochilum Nees var. glandulosum Nees) cenchroides Roem. & Schult. = Enneapogon cenchroides hymeniochilum Nees var. glandulosum Nees = P. hymeniochilum impeditum Launert GAB PSUB PASPALIDIUM Stapf incrassatum Hochst. = Setaria incrassata obtusifolium (Delile) N.D.Simpson GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH S interruptum Willd. = Sacciolepis interrupta (Panicum obtusifolium Delile) kalaharense Mez GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (P. platyrrhachis C.E.Hubb.) laevifolium Hack. var. contractum Pilg. = P. gilvum platyrrhachis C.E.Hubb. = P. obtusifolium laevifolium Hack. var. laevifolium = P. schinzii lanipes Mez K PRE PSUB UCBG PASPALUM L. lindenbergianum Nees = Setaria lindenbergiana auriculatum J.Presl & C.Presl = P. scrobiculatum longiflorum Retz. = Digitaria longiflora commersonii Lam. = P. scrobiculatum madipirense Mez K ✹dilatatum Poir. PRE marlothii Hack. = Brachiaria marlothii orbiculare G.Forst. = P. scrobiculatum massaiense Mez s polystachyum R.Br. = P. scrobiculatum maximum Jacq. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG scrobiculatum L. C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH WAG merkeri Mez SRGH (P. auriculatum J.Presl & C.Presl) meyerianum Nees var. meyerianum = Eriochloa meyeriana (P. commersonii Lam.) subsp. meyeriana (P. orbiculare G.Forst.) milanjianum Rendle = Digitaria milanjiana (P. polystachyum R.Br.) ✹miliaceum L. PRE minus Stapf = P. stapfianum PENNISETUM Rich. monachne Trin. = Tricholaena monachne angolense Rendle = P. macrourum mossambicense Hack. = Urochloa mosambicensis glaucocladum Stapf & C.E.Hubb. PRE nigrirostre Nees = Setaria nigrirostris ✹glaucum (L.) R.Br. s nigropedatum Ficalho & Hiern = Brachiaria nigropedata macrourum Trin. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH S novemnerve Stapf GAB PRE SRGH (P. angolense Rendle) obtusifolium Delile = Paspalidium obtusifolium oligotrichum Fig. & De Not. = Urochloa oligotricha PEROTIS Aiton parvifolium Lam. K PRE PSUB SRGH S indica (L.) O.Kuntze s perrottetii Kunth = Digitaria perrottetii leptopus Pilg. K PRE PSUB SRGH pilgerianum (Schweick.) Clayton K PRE PSUB SRGH patens Gand. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG UCBG ♦S vaginata Hack. K PRE SRGH (Acroceras pilgerianum Schweick.) (Psilochloa pilgeriana (Schweick.) Launert) PHALARIS L. porphyrrhizos Steud. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG velutina Forssk. = Digitaria velutina pumilum Poir. = Setaria pumila pyramidale Lam. = Echinochloa pyramidalis PHRAGMITES Adans. repens L. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S australis (Cav.) Steud. BM GAB PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S

142 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red POACEAE (cont.)

(Arundo australis Cav.) RABDOCHLOA P.Beauv. (P. communis Trin.) vulpiastrum De Not. = Leptocarydion vulpiastrum communis Trin. = P. australis mauritianus Kunth BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG S RHAPHIS Lour. stricta Nees = Bothriochloa bladhii POA L. abyssinica Jacq. = Eragrostis tef RHYNCHELYTRUM Nees amabilis L. = Eragrostis amabilis bellespicatum (Rendle) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = Melinis longiseta chinensis L. = Leptochloa chinensis subsp. bellespicata cilianensis All. = Eragrostis cilianensis brevipilum (Hack.) Chiov. = Melinis repens subsp. grandiflora ciliaris L. = Eragrostis ciliaris costatum Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = Melinis repens curvula Schrad. = Eragrostis curvula subsp. grandiflora diandra Roxb. = Eragrostis japonica grandiflorum Hochst. = Melinis repens subsp. grandiflora diarrhena Schult. = Eragrostis japonica kallimorphon Clayton = Melinis kallimorpha gangetica Roxb. = Eragrostis gangetica nerviglume (Franch.) Chiov. = Melinis nerviglumis japonica Thunb. = Eragrostis japonica nyassanum (Mez) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = Melinis nerviglumis megastachya Koeler = Eragrostis cilianensis ramosum Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = Melinis nerviglumis pilosa L. = Eragrostis pilosa repens (Willd.) C.E.Hubb. = Melinis repens subsp. repens sarmentosa Thunb. = Eragrostis sarmentosa rhodesianum (Rendle) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = Melinis nerviglumis squarrosa Roem. & Schult. = Pogonarthria squarrosa setifolium (Stapf) Chiov. = Melinis nerviglumis strigosa Retz. = Eragrostis viscosa suberostratum Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = Melinis repens subsp. tef Zucc. = Eragrostis tef grandiflora tenella L. = Eragrostis amabilis villosum (Parl.) Chiov. = Melinis repens subsp. grandiflora tenella R.Br. = Eragrostis japonica tenellula Kunth = Eragrostis japonica ROSHEVITZIA Tzevelev diplachnoides (Steud.) Tzevelev = Eragrostis japonica POGONARTHRIA Stapf falcata (Hack.) Rendle = P. squarrosa ROTTBOELLIA L.f. fleckii (Hack.) Hack. K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG agropyroides Hack. = Urelytrum agropyroides (Diplachne fleckii Hack.) altissima Poir. = Hemarthria altissima (P. tuberculata Pilg.) arundinacea A.Rich. = R. cochinchinensis menyharthii (Hack.) Hack. = P. squarrosa cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayton GAB PRE PSUB SRGH squarrosa (Roem. & Schult.) Pilg. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (R. arundinacea A.Rich.) UCBG (R. exaltata L.f.) (Diplachne menyharthii Hack.) (Stegosia cochinchinensis Lour.) (Eragrostis marlothii Hack.) compressa L.f. var. fasciculata (Lam.) Hack. = Hemarthria (Leptochloa falcata Hack.) altissima (Poa squarrosa Roem. & Schult.) exaltata L.f. = R. cochinchinensis (P. falcata (Hack.) Rendle) fasciculata Lam. = Hemarthria altissima (P. menyharthii (Hack.) Hack.) granularis (L.) Roberty = Hackelochloa granularis tuberculata Pilg. = P. fleckii heterochroa Gand. = Hemarthria altissima sanguinea Retz. = Schizachyrium sanguineum POGONATHERUM P.Beauv. setacea Roxb. = Microchloa indica aureum (Bory) Roberty = Eulalia aurea SACCHARUM L. POLLINIA Spreng. koenigii Retz. = Imperata cylindrica homblei De Wild. = Eulalia aurea munroanum Hack. = Eriochrysis pallida pallidum (Munro) Benth. = Eriochrysis pallida POLYPOGON Desf. repens Willd. = Melinis repens ✹monspeliensis (L.) Desf. K PRE SRGH thunbergii Retz. = Imperata cylindrica (Alopecurus monspeliensis L.) SACCIOLEPIS Nash PSEUDOBRACHIARIA Launert africana C.E.Hubb. & Snowden GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH S deflexa (Schumach.) Launert = Brachiaria deflexa cinereo-vestita (Pilg.) C.E.Hubb. = S. typhura glaucescens Stapf = S. typhura PSILOCHLOA Launert interrupta (Willd.) Stapf K PRE PSUB SRGH S pilgeriana (Schweick.) Launert = Panicum pilgerianum (Panicum interruptum Willd.)

143 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana POACEAE (cont.)

typhura (Stapf) Stapf GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG S (Panicum incrassatum Hochst.) (Panicum typhurum Stapf) (S. eylesii Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) (S. cinereo-vestita (Pilg.) C.E.Hubb.) (S. gerrardii Stapf) (S. glaucescens Stapf) (S. holstii R.A.W.Herrm.) (S. pabularis Stapf) SARTIDIA De Winter (S. palustris Stapf) angolensis (C.E.Hubb.) De Winter s (S. perberbis de Wit) jucunda (Schweick.) De Winter s (S. phragmitoides Stapf) (S. porphyrantha Stapf) SCHISMUS P.Beauv. (S. rudifolia Stapf) barbatus (Loefl. ex L.) Thell. PRE (S. woodii Hack. subsp. bechuanica de Wit) (S. woodii Hack. var. fonssalutis de Wit) SCHIZACHYRIUM Nees (S. woodii Hack. var. woodii) exile (Hochst.) Pilg. K PRE PSUB SRGH lindenbergiana (Nees) Stapf SRGH UCBG (Andropogon exilis Hochst.) (Panicum lindenbergianum Nees) (S. glabrescens (Rendle) Stapf) longiseta Beauv. UCBG (S. inclusum Stent) neglecta de Wit = S. sphacelata var. sphacelata glabrescens (Rendle) Stapf = S. exile nigrirostris (Nees) T.Durand & Schinz PSUB inclusum Stent = S. exile (Panicum nigrirostre Nees) jeffreysii (Hack.) Stapf E GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG pabularis Stapf = S. incrassata (Andropogon arthropogon Pilg.) pallide-fusca (Schumach.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = S. pumila (Andropogon jeffreysii Hack.) palustris Stapf = S. incrassata (S. ursulum Stapf) perberbis de Wit = S. incrassata lindiense Pilg. = S. sanguineum perennis Hack. = S. sphacelata var. sphacelata sanguineum (Retz.) Alston GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG phragmitoides Stapf = S. incrassata (Andropogon semiberbis (Nees) Kunth) porphyrantha Stapf = S. incrassata (Rottboellia sanguinea Retz.) pseudaristata (Peter) Pilg. K PRE (S. lindiense Pilg.) (Acrochaete pseudaristata Peter) (S. semiberbe Nees) pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. C GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG semiberbe Nees = S. sanguineum (Panicum pumilum Poir.) ursulum Stapf = S. jeffreysii (S. pallide-fusca (Schumach.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb.) (S. ustilata de Wit) SCHMIDTIA Steud. ex J.A.Schmidt rudifolia Stapf = S. incrassata bulbosa Stapf = S. pappophoroides sagittifolia (A.Rich.) Walp. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG kalahariensis Stent as ‘kalihariensis’ BM GAB K PRE PSUB (Cymbosetaria sagittifolia (A.Rich.) Schweick.) SRGH UCBG (Panicum sagittifolium A.Rich.) pappophoroides Steud. ex J.A.Schmidt BM GAB K LISC PRE sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss subsp. aquamontana de Wit = PSUB SRGH UCBG S. sphacelata var. sphacelata (S. bulbosa Stapf) sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss subsp. nodosa de Wit = S. sphacelata var. sericea SEHIMA Forssk. sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss subsp. pyropea de Wit = ischaemoides Forssk. K PRE SRGH S. sphacelata var. sericea (Andropogon sehima Steud.) sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss var. sericea (Stapf) Clayton PRE (S. almaspicata de Wit) SETARIA P.Beauv. (S. anceps Stapf ex Massey) almaspicata de Wit = S. sphacelata var. sericea (S. cana de Wit) anceps Stapf ex Massey = S. sphacelata var. sericea (S. flabelliformis de Wit) cana de Wit = S. sphacelata var. sericea (S. sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss subsp. nodosa de Wit) decipiens de Wit = S. sphacelata var. sphacelata (S. sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss subsp. pyropea de Wit) eylesii Stapf & C.E.Hubb. = S. incrassata sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss var. sphacelata C GAB K PRE flabellata Stapf subsp. flabellata = S. sphacelata var. sphacelata PSUB SRGH UCBG flabelliformis de Wit = S. sphacelata var. sericea (S. decipiens de Wit) gerrardii Stapf = S. incrassata (S. flabellata Stapf subsp. flabellata) holstii R.A.W.Herrm. = S. incrassata (S. neglecta de Wit) homonyma (Steud.) Chiov. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (S. perennis Hack.) (Panicum homonymum Steud.) (S. sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss subsp. aquamontana de incrassata (Hochst.) Hack. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG Wit)

144 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red POACEAE (cont.)

(S. sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss var. stolonifera de Wit) argutus (Nees) Kunth = S. coromandelianus (S. stenantha Stapf) bechuanicus Gooss. GAB K PRE SRGH ♦ sphacelata (Schumach.) Moss var. stolonifera de Wit = bogdanii Napper = S. macranthelus S. sphacelata var. sphacelata capensis (Willd.) Kunth = S. africanus stenantha Stapf = S. sphacelata var. sphacelata confertiflorus A.Rich. = Eragrostis japonica ustilata De Wit = S. pumila consimilis Fresen. K PRE SRGH verticillata (L.) P.Beauv. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (S. nogalensis Chiov.) (Panicum verticillatum L.) cordofanus (Steud.) Coss. K PRE PSUB SRGH woodii Hack. subsp. bechuanica de Wit = S. incrassata (S. albomarginatus Stent.) woodii Hack. var. fonssalutis de Wit = S. incrassata (Triachyrum cordofanum Steud.) woodii Hack. var. woodii = S. incrassata coromandelianus (Retz.) Kunth K PRE SRGH UCBG (Agrostis coromandeliana Retz.) SORGHASTRUM Nash (S. argutus (Nees) Kunth) friesii (Pilg.) C.E.Hubb. = S. nudipes (Vilfa coromandeliana (Retz.) P.Beauv.) friesii (Pilg.) Pilg. = S. nudipes festivus A.Rich. K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG micrantherum Stapf = S. nudipes (S. festivus A.Rich. var. fibrosus Stent) nudipes Nash BM GAB PRE PSUB SRGH (S. menyharthii Hack.) (Andropogon friesii Pilg.) (Vilfa festiva (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Steud.) (S. friesii (Pilg.) C.E.Hubb.) festivus A.Rich. var. fibrosus Stent = S. festivus (S. friesii (Pilg.) Pilg.) festivus A.Rich. var. stuppeus Stapf = S. stapfianus (S. micrantherum Stapf) fimbriatus (Trin.) Nees BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (S. fimbriatus (Trin.) Nees var. latifolius Stent) SORGHUM Moench (S. marlothii Hack.) almum Parodi = S. halepense (S. rehmannii Hack) arundinaceum (Desv.) Stapf E GAB K PRE PSUB UCBG (Vilfa fimbriata Trin.) (S. verticilliflorum (Steud.) Stapf) fimbriatus (Trin.) Nees var. latifolius Stent = S. fimbriatus bicolor (L.) Moench subsp. bicolor PRE genalensis Chiov. = S. ioclados bicolor (L.) Moench subsp. drummondii (Steud.) de Wet PRE gillii Stent = S. ioclados ✹halepense (L.) Pers. SRGH Ö greenwayi Napper = S. macranthelus (S. almum Parodi) ioclados (Trin.) Nees GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG intermedium (R.Br.) Kuntze = Bothriochloa bladhii (Agrostis kentrophylla K.Schum.) intermedium (R.Br.) Kuntze var. haenkei (J.Presl) Kuntze = (S. arabicus Boiss.) Bothriochloa bladhii (S. genalensis Chiov.) purpureo-sericeum (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Asch. & Schweinf. var. (S. gillii Stent) trinervatum Chiov. = S. versicolor (S. ioclados (Trin.) Nees var. usitatus (Stent) Chippind.) versicolor Andersson BM GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (S. kentrophyllus (K.Schum.) Clayton) (Andropogon serratus Thunb. var. versicolor (Andersson) (S. marginatus Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Hack.) (S. seineri Mez) (Sorghum purpureo-sericeum (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Asch. & (S. smutsii Stent) Schweinf. var. trinervatum Chiov.) (S. usitatus Stent) verticilliflorum (Steud.) Stapf = S. arundinaceum (S. vryburgensis Stent) (Vilfa ioclados Trin.) SPODIOPOGON Trin. (Vilfa marginata (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Steud.) arcuatus Nees = Ischaemum fasciculatum (Vilfa pallida Trin.) ioclados (Trin.) Nees var. usitatus (Stent) Chippind. = S. ioclados SPOROBOLUS R.Br. kentrophyllus (K.Schum.) Clayton = S. ioclados acinifolius Stapf GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH ludwigii Hochst. PRE africanus (Poir.) Robyns & Tournay K PRE PSUB SRGH macranthelus Chiov. PRE PSUB (Agrostis africana Poir.) (S. bogdanii Napper) (Agrostis capensis Willd.) (S. greenwayi Napper) (Agrostis spicata Thunb.) marginatus Hochst. ex A.Rich. = S. ioclados (Vilfa capensis P.Beauv.) marlothii Hack. = S. fimbriatus albicans (Nees ex Trin.) Nees K SRGH menyharthii Hack. = S. festivus (S. transvaalensis Gooss.) myrianthus Benth. s (Vilfa albicans Nees ex Trin.) natalensis (Steud.) T.Durand & Schinz K PRE PSUB SRGH albomarginatus Stent. = S. cordofanus (Vilfa natalensis Steud.) arabicus Boiss. = S. ioclados nitens Stent K PRE SRGH

145 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana POACEAE (cont.)

nogalensis Chiov. = S. consimilis hochstetteriana (Beck ex Hack.) De Winter var. hochstetteriana s panicoides A.Rich. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH hochstetteriana (Beck ex Hack.) De Winter var. secalina (Henr.) (S. polyclados Hack.) De Winter s paniculatus (Trin.) T.Durand & Schinz K namaquensis (Nees) De Winter PRE SRGH UCBG (S. patulus Hack.) (Aristida namaquensis (Nees) Trin. & Rupr.) (S. regularis Mez) obtusa (Delile) Nees BM K PRE SRGH UCBG (Vilfa paniculata Trin.) (Aristida obtusa Delile) patulus Hack. = S. paniculatus uniplumis (Licht.) De Winter var. neesii (Trin. & Rupr.) De polyclados Hack. = S. panicoides Winter K PRE SRGH pyramidalis P.Beauv. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Aristida uniplumis Licht. var. neesii Trin. & Rupr.) (S. rueppellianus Fresen) uniplumis (Licht.) De Winter var. uniplumis BM GAB K (Vilfa pyramidalis (P.Beauv.) Steud.) PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Vilfa rueppelliana (Fresen) Steud.) (Aristida uniplumis Licht. var. pearsonii Henrard) rangei Pilg. PRE (Aristida uniplumis Licht. var. uniplumis) regularis Mez = S. paniculatus rehmannii Hack = S. fimbriatus THEMEDA Forssk. rueppellianus Fresen = S. pyramidalis australis (R.Br.) Stapf = T. triandra salsus Mez PRE forsskalii Hack. = T. triandra seineri Mez = S. ioclados forsskalii Hack. var. burchellii Hack. = T. triandra smutsii Stent = S. ioclados forsskalii Hack. var. glauca Hack. = T. triandra spicatus (Vahl) Kunth BM GAB K LISC PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG imberbis (Retz.) T.Cooke = T. triandra (Agrostis spicata Vahl) polygama J.F.Gmel. = T. triandra stapfianus Gand. PRE SRGH triandra Forssk. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (S. festivus A.Rich. var. stuppeus Stapf) (Anthistiria australis R.Br.) (S. stuppeus (Stapf) Stent) (Anthistiria forsskalii Kunth) stuppeus (Stapf) Stent = S. stapfianus (Anthistiria imberbis Retz.) tenellus (Spreng.) Kunth PRE (Anthistiria punctata Hochst. ex A.Rich.) transvaalensis Gooss. = S. albicans (T. australis (R.Br.) Stapf) usitatus Stent = S. ioclados (T. forsskalii Hack.) virginicus (L.) Kunth PRE (T. forsskalii Hack. var. burchellii Hack.) vryburgensis Stent = S. ioclados (T. forsskalii Hack. var. glauca Hack.) (T. imberbis (Retz.) T.Cooke) STEGOSIA Lour. (T. polygama J.F.Gmel.) cochinchinensis Lour. = Rottboellia cochinchinensis (T. triandra Forssk. var. burchellii (Hack.) Stapf) (T. triandra Forssk. var. hispida (Nees) Stapf) STEREOCHLAENA Hack. (T. triandra Forssk. var. imberbis (Retz.) A.Camus) cameronii (Stapf) Pilg. GAB K PRE SRGH (T. triandra Forssk. var. punctata (Hochst. ex Steud.) Stapf) (Chloridion cameronii Stapf) (T. triandra Forssk. var. sublaevigata Chiov.) (T. triandra Forssk. var. trachyspathea Gooss.) STIPA L. triandra Forssk. var. burchellii (Hack.) Stapf = T. triandra spicata L.f. = Trachypogon spicatus triandra Forssk. var. hispida (Nees) Stapf = T. triandra triandra Forssk. var. imberbis (Retz.) A.Camus = T. triandra STIPAGROSTIS Nees triandra Forssk. var. punctata (Hochst. ex Steud.) Stapf = amabilis (Schweick.) De Winter GAB SRGH UCBG T. triandra (Aristida ciliata Desf. var. pectinata Henrard) triandra Forssk. var. sublaevigata Chiov. = T. triandra (Aristida ciliata Desf. var. tricholaena Hack.) triandra Forssk. var. trachyspathea Gooss. = T. triandra (Aristida ciliata Desf. var. villosa Hack.) brevifolia (Nees) De Winter s TRACHYPOGON Nees ciliata (Desf.) De Winter var. capensis (Trin. & Rupr.) capensis (Thunb.) Trin. = T. spicatus De Winter PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG durus Stapf = T. spicatus (Aristida ciliata Desf. var. capensis Trin. & Rupr.) glaucescens Pilg. = T. spicatus hirtigluma (Trin. & Rupr.) De Winter subsp. hirtigluma SRGH involutus Pilg. = T. spicatus (Aristida gracilior Pilg. var. gracilior) planifolius Stapf = T. spicatus (Aristida hirtigluma Trin. & Rupr.) plumosus (Willd.) Nees = T. spicatus (Aristida hirtigluma Trin. & Rupr. var. patula Hack.) rufus Nees = Hyparrhenia rufa var. rufa hirtigluma (Trin. & Rupr.) De Winter subsp. patula (Hack.) spicatus (L.f.) Kuntze GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH De Winter K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Andropogon plumosus Willd.)

146 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red POACEAE (cont.)

(Andropogon spicatus (L.f.) Steud.) vulpiastrum (De Not.) K.Schum. = Leptocarydion vulpiastrum (Andropogon truncatus (Nees) Steud.) (Heteropogon truncatus Nees) TRIPOGON Roem. & Schult. (Stipa spicata L.f.) calcicolus A.Camus = T. minimus (T. capensis (Thunb.) Trin.) humbertianus A.Camus = T. minimus (T. truncatus (Nees) Andersson) mandarensis A.Camus = T. minimus truncatus (Nees) Andersson = T. spicatus minimus (A.Rich.) Steud. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Festuca minima A.Rich.) TRAGUS Haller (T. calcicolus A.Camus) arenarius Bremek. & Oberm. = T. racemosus (T. humbertianus A.Camus) berteronianus Schult. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (T. mandarensis A.Camus) koelerioides Asch. GAB PRE SRGH (T. major (Hack.) Stapf) TRIRAPHIS R.Br. (T. racemosus (L.) All. var. major Hack.) andropogonoides (Steud.) E.Phillips GAB PRE major (Hack.) Stapf = T. koelerioides (Avena andropognoides Steud.) pedunculatus Pilg. K PRE PSUB SRGH (Diplachne andropognoides (Steud.) Nees) racemosus (L.) All. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (T. rehmannii Hack.) (Cenchrus racemosus L.) fleckii Hack. = T. purpurea (T. arenarius Bremek. & Oberm.) purpurea Hack. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG racemosus (L.) All. var. major Hack. = T. koelerioides (T. fleckii Hack.) rehmannii Hack. = T. andropogonoides TRIACHYRUM Hochst. schinzii Hack. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG cordofanum Steud. = Sporobolus cordofanus (T. schlechteri Pilg. ex Stent) schlechteri Pilg. ex Stent = T. schinzii TRICHOLAENA Schrad. in Schult. bellespicata Rendle = Melinis longiseta subsp. bellespicata TRISTACHYA Nees longiseta A.Rich. = Melinis longiseta subsp. bellespicata eylesii Stent & J.M.Rattray = T. nodiglumis monachne (Trin.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. GAB K LISC PRE PSUB longispiculata C.E.Hubb. = T. nodiglumis SRGH UCBG lualabaensis (De Wild.) J.B.Phipps K PRE (Panicum monachne Trin.) (Trichopteryx lualabaensis De Wild.) (T. monachne (Trin.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. var. annua J.G. nodiglumis K.Schum. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH Anderson) (T. eylesii Stent & J.M.Rattray) monachne (Trin.) Stapf & C.E.Hubb. var. annua J.G.Anderson = (T. longispiculata C.E.Hubb.) T. monachne rehmannii Hack. K PRE PSUB SRGH nerviglumis Franch. = Melinis nerviglumis (Dolichochaete rehmannii (Hack.) J.B.Phipps) simplex Nees = Loudetia simplex TRICHONEURA Andersson superba (De Not.) Schweinf. & Asch. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH grandiglumis (Nees) Ekman GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Loudetia superba De Not.) (Crossotropis grandiglumis (Nees) Rendle) (Crossotropis grandiglumis (Nees) Rendle var. minor Rendle) URELYTRUM Hack. (Diplachne grandiglumis (Nees) Hack.) agropyroides (Hack.) Hack. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH (Leptochloa grandiglumis Nees) (Rottboellia agropyroides Hack.) (T. grandiglumis (Nees) Ekman var. grandiglumis) (U. squarrosum Hack.) (T. grandiglumis (Nees) Ekman var. minor (Rendle) (U. squarrosum Hack. var. robustum Stapf) Chippind.) squarrosum Hack. = U. agropyroides grandiglumis (Nees) Ekman var. grandiglumis = squarrosum Hack. var. robustum Stapf = U. agropyroides T. grandiglumis grandiglumis (Nees) Ekman var. minor (Rendle) Chippind. = UROCHLOA P.Beauv. T. grandiglumis bolbodes (Steud.) Stapf = U. oligotricha brachyura (Hack.) Stapf GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG TRICHOPTERYX Nees (Panicum brachyurum Hack.) dinteri Pilg. = Danthoniopsis dinteri engleri Pilg. = U. trichopus flavida Stapf = Loudetia flavida mosambicensis (Hack.) Dandy GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG lualabaensis De Wild. = Tristachya lualabaensis (Panicum mossambicense Hack.) (U. pullulans Stapf) TRIODIA R.Br. (U. rhodesiensis Stent) plumosa (Andersson) Benth. = Leptocarydion vulpiastrum oligotricha (Fig. & De Not.) Henrard K PRE PSUB SRGH

147 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana POACEAE (cont.)

(Panicum oligotrichum Fig. & De Not.) HETERANTHERA Ruíz & Pav. (U. bolbodes (Steud.) Stapf) callifolia Rchb. ex Kunth GAB PRE PSUB S panicoides P.Beauv. K PRE SRGH (H. kotschyana Fenzl ex Solms) (U. ruschii Pilg.) kotschyana Fenzl ex Solms = H. callifolia pullulans Stapf = U. mosambicensis rhodesiensis Stent = U. mosambicensis POTAMOGETONACEAE ruschii Pilg. = U. panicoides stolonifera (Gooss.) Chippind. PRE POTAMOGETON L. trichopus (Hochst.) Stapf GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG crispus L. PRE Ss (Panicum trichopus Hochst.) octandrus Poir. GAB PRE S (U. engleri Pilg.) pusillus L. PRE S schweinfurthii A.W.Benn. GAB PRE S VETIVERIA Bory thunbergii Cham. & Schltdl. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S nigritana (Benth.) Stapf trichoides Cham. & Schltdl. GAB PRE PSUB S (Andropogon nigritanus Benth.) (Andropogon squarrosus L.f. var. nigritanus (Benth.) Hack.) TECOPHILAEACEAE (Mandelorna insignis Steud.) (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash var. nigritana (Benth.) CYANELLA L A.Camus) lutea L.f. PRE UCBG zizanioides (L.) Nash var. nigritana (Benth.) A.Camus = Chrysopogon nigritanus WALLERIA J.Kirk baumii Dammer = W. nutans VILFA Adans. hockii De Wild. = W. nutans albicans Nees ex Trin. = Sporobolus albicans mackenzie J.Kirk var. nutans (J.Kirk) Baker = W. nutans capensis P.Beauv. = Sporobolus africanus muricata N.E.Br. = W. nutans confertiflora (A.Rich.) Steud. = Eragrostis japonica nutans J.Kirk GAB K PRE SRGH UCBG coromandeliana (Retz.) P.Beauv. = Sporobolus (W. baumii Dammer) coromandelianus (W. hockii De Wild.) festiva (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Steud. = Sporobolus festivus (W. mackenzie J.Kirk var. nutans (J.Kirk) Baker) fimbriata Trin. = Sporobolus fimbriatus (W. muricata N.E.Br.) ioclados Trin. = Sporobolus ioclados marginata (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Steud. = Sporobolus TYPHACEAE ioclados natalensis Steud. = Sporobolus natalensis TYPHA L. pallida Trin. = Sporobolus ioclados australis Schumach. = T. domingensis paniculata Trin. = Sporobolus paniculatus capensis (Rohrb.) N.E.Br. GAB PRE PSUB UCBG S pyramidalis (P.Beauv.) Steud. = Sporobolus pyramidalis (T. latifolia L. subsp. capensis Rohrb.) rueppelliana (Fresen) Steud. = Sporobolus pyramidalis domingensis Pers. PRE S (T. australis Schumach.) VOSSIA Wall. & Griff. latifolia L. subsp. capensis Rohrb. = T. capensis cuspidata (Roxb.) Griff. GAB K PRE PSUB SRGH S (Ischaemum cuspidatum Roxb.) VELLOZIACEAE (V. procera Wall. & Griff.) procera Wall. & Griff. = V. cuspidata VELLOZIA Vand. clavata (Baker) Baker = Xerophyta retinervis WILLBLEIBIA Herter humilis Baker = Xerophyta humilis sarmentosa (Hack.) Herter = Willkommia sarmentosa retinervis (Baker) Baker = Xerophyta retinervis suaveolens Greves = Xerophyta suaveolens WILLKOMMIA Hack. viscosa (Baker) Baker = Xerophyta viscosa sarmentosa Hack. K PRE PSUB SRGH UCBG (Craspedorhachis sarmentosa (Hack.) Pilg.) XEROPHYTA Juss. (Willbleibia sarmentosa (Hack.) Herter) equisitoides Baker s humilis (Baker) T.Durand & Schinz GAB PRE PSUB UCBG PONTEDERIACEAE (Vellozia humilis Baker) retinervis Baker GAB PRE UCBG EICHHORNIA Kunth (Vellozia clavata (Baker) Baker) natans (P.Beauv.) Solms GAB PRE PSUB S (Vellozia retinervis (Baker) Baker)

148 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red ZANNICHELLIACEAE

schlechteri (Baker) N.L.Menezes GAB UCBG capensis Thunb. GAB PRE PSUB S suaveolens (Greves) N.L.Menezes huillensis Rendle PRE (Vellozia suaveolens Greves) rubella Malme PRE viscosa Baker PRE straminea Nilss. GAB PSUB

XYRIDACEAE ZANNICHELLIACEAE

XYRIS L. ZANNICHELLIA L. anceps Lam. PRE S palustris L. GAB PRE UCBG S

149 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana APPENDIX Species possibly occurring in Botswana

The following is a list of species that have been mentioned in various sources of literature as occurring in Botswana. They are marked with a s symbol in the main list and are repeated here for ease of reference.

BRYOPHYTES Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn. subsp. africana Brenan & Brummitt var. pubescens Brenan & Brummitt (FABACEAE) Asterella bachmannii (Steph.) S.W.Arnell (AYTONIACEAE) Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn. subsp. argillicola Exormotheca pustulosa Mitt. (EXORMOTHECACEAE) Brenan & Brummitt var. hirtipes Brenan & Brummitt Jungermannia borgenii Gottsche ex Pearson (FABACEAE) (JUNGERMANNIACEAE) Diospyros lycioides Desf. subsp. nitens (Harv. ex Hiern) De Riccia perssonii Sultan Khan (RICCIACEAE) Winter (EBENACEAE) Splachnobryum obtusum (Brid.) Müll.Hal. Ehretia alba Retief & A.E.van Wyk (BORAGINACEAE) (SPLACHNOBRYACEAE) Ehretia coerulea Gürke (BORAGINACEAE) Ehretia namibiensis Retief & A.E.van Wyk subsp. namibiensis PTERIDOPHYTES (BORAGINACEAE) Euclea schimperi (A.DC.) Dandy var. schimperi (EBENACEAE) Cheilanthes rawsonii (Pappe) Mett. ex Kuhn (PTERIDACEAE) Euphorbia avasmontana Dinter var. avasmontana Ophioglossum nudicaule L.f. (OPHIOGLOSSACEAE) (EUPHORBIACEAE) Selaginella njam-njamensis Hieron (SELAGINELLACEAE) Euphorbia avasmontana Dinter var. sagittaria (Marloth) White, Dyer & Sloane (EUPHORBIACEAE) DICOTYLEDONS Euphorbia clavarioides Boiss. var. truncata (N.E.Br.) White, Dyer & Sloane (EUPHORBIACEAE) Acacia hebeclada DC. subsp. tristis A.Schreb. (FABACEAE) Euphorbia fusca Marloth (EUPHORBIACEAE) Acacia swazica Burtt Davy (FABACEAE) Ficus glumosa Delile (MORACEAE) Aeollanthus namibiensis Ryding (LAMIACEAE) Fockea monroi S.Moore (APOCYNACEAE) Alectra pseudobarlenae (Dinter) Dinter (SCROPHULARIACEAE) Geigeria engleriana Muschl. (ASTERACEAE) Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (ASTERACEAE) Grewia hexamita Burret (TILIACEAE) Amellus reductus Rommel (ASTERACEAE) Grewia woodiana K.Schum. (TILIACEAE) Anacampseros lanceolata (Harv.) Sweet subsp. lanceolata Hirpicium echinus Less. (ASTERACEAE) (PORTULACACEAE) Hygrophila abyssinica (Hochst. ex Nees) T.Anders. Atriplex suberecta Verdoorn (CHENOPODIACEAE) (ACANTHACEAE) Balanites angolensis (Welw.) Welw. ex Mildbr. & Schltr. subsp. Jamesbrittenia integerrima (Benth.) Hilliard welwitschii (Tiegh.) Sands (BALANITACEAE) (SCROPHULARIACEAE) Barleria matopensis S.Moore (ACANTHACEAE) Justicia puberula Immelman (ACANTHACEAE) Bridelia tenuifolia Müll.Arg. (EUPHORBIACEAE) Ludwigia perennis L. (ONAGRACEAE) Canthium mundianum Cham. & Sclechtd. (RUBIACEAE) Ludwigia senegalensis (DC.) Troch. (ONAGRACEAE) Cereus jamacaru DC. (CACTACEAE) Lycium arenicola Miers (SOLANACEAE) Ceropegia rendalii N.E.Br. (APOCYNACEAE) Maytenus peduncularis (Sond.) Loes. (CELASTRACEAE) Chenopodium glaucum L. (CHENOPODIACEAE) Monopsis decipiens (Sond.) Thulin (LOBELIACEAE) Cineraria burkei Burtt Davy (ASTERACEAE) Mukia maderaspatana (L.) M.J.Roem. (CUCURBITACEAE) Coddia rudis (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Verdc. (RUBIACEAE) Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. (CACTACEAE) Combretum collinum Fresen. subsp. suluense (Engl. & Diels) Opuntia imbricata (Haw.) DC. (CACTACEAE) Okafor (COMBRETACEAE) Orbea valida (N.E.Br.) Bruyns (APOCYNACEAE) Combretum psidioides Welw. subsp. dinteri (Schinz) Exell Pachypodium lealii Welw. (APOCYNACEAE) (COMBRETACEAE) Pentzia globosa Less. (ASTERACEAE) Combretum psidioides Welw. subsp. glabrum Exell Pentzia spinescens Less. (ASTERACEAE) (COMBRETACEAE) Petalidium variabile (Engl.) C.B.Clarke (ACANTHACEAE) Cordia ovalis R.Br. ex DC. (BORAGINACEAE) Phytolacca dodecandra L’Hérit (PHYTOLACCACEAE) Crassocephalum obtusata (Thunb.) E.Berger (ASTERACEAE) Pittosporum viridiﬂ orum Sims (PITTOSPORACEAE) Cucumis quintanilhae R.& A.Fernandes (CUCURBITACEAE) Pluchea bojeri (DC.) Humbert (ASTERACEAE) Delosperma mahonii (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. Polygonum aviculare L. (POLYGONACEAE) (MESEMBRANTHEMACEAE) Rhus gueinzii Sond. (ANACARDIACEAE)

150 ✹ naturalised or introduced plant tree or shrub � succulent �? suspected succulent � parasitic plant � rare or candidate for red APPENDIX

Rhynchosia confusa Burtt Davy (FABACEAE) Cyperus fastigiatus Rottb. (CYPERACEAE) Rhynchosia komatiensis Harms (FABACEAE) Dactyloctenium geminatum Hack. (POACEAE) Schotia capitata Bolle (FABACEAE) Dichanthium annulatum (Forssk.) Stapf var. annulatum Sebaea microphylla (Edgew.) Knobl. (GENTIANACEAE) (POACEAE) Selago densiflora Rolfe Dichanthium sericeum Stapf (POACEAE) Selago lacunosa Klotzsch (SCROPHULARIACEAE) Digitaria maitlandii Stapf & C.E.Hubb. (POACEAE) Sesbania pachycarpa DC. (FABACEAE) Diheteropogon filifolius (Nees) Clayton (POACEAE) Solanum lichtensteinii Willd. (SOLANACEAE) Eleocharis cubangensis H.E.Hess (CYPERACEAE) Syzygium gerradii (Harv. ex Hook.f.) Burtt Davy (MYRTACEAE) Eragrostis lehmanniana Nees var. chaunantha (Pilg.) De Winter Thesium lacinulatum A.W.Hill (SANTALACEAE) (POACEAE) Thunbergia reticulata A.Rich. (ACANTHACEAE) Eragrostis procumbens Nees (POACEAE) Toddaliopsis bremekampii I.Verd. (RUTACEAE) Eriochrysis brachypogon (Stapf) Stapf (POACEAE) Tricalysia lanceolata (Sond.) Burtt Davy (RUBIACEAE) Eulophia tanganyikensis Rolfe (ORCHIDACEAE) Triumfetta dekindtiana Engl. (TILIACEAE) Eulophia tuberculata Bolus (ORCHIDACEAE) Vepris termitaria Mendonca (RUTACEAE) Habenaria schimperiana Hochst. ex A.Rich. (ORCHIDACEAE) Vitex pooara Corb (LAMIACEAE) Habenaria trilobulata Schltr. (ORCHIDACEAE) Hemarthria natans Stapf (POACEAE) MONOCOTYLEDONS Hyparrhenia poecilotricha (Hack.) Stapf (POACEAE) Hyparrhenia welwitschii (Rendle) Stapf (POACEAE) Agave americana L. subsp. americana var. americana Hyphaene coriacea Gaertn. (ARECACEAE) (AGAVACEAE) Hypoxis nitida I.Verd. (HYPOXIDACEAE) Agave sisalina Perrine (AGAVACEAE) Lemna minor L. (LEMNACEAE) Aloe arborescens Mill. (ASPHODELACEAE) Miscanthus capensis (Nees) Anderss. (POACEAE) Aloe chabaudii Schonl. (ASPHODELACEAE) Ornithogalum prasinum Lindl. (HYACINTHACEAE) Aristida aequiglumis Hack. (POACEAE) Panicum massaiense Mez (POACEAE) Aristida bipartita (Nees) Trin. & Rupr. (POACEAE) Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br. (POACEAE) Aristida mollissima Pilg. subsp. argentea Schweik. (POACEAE) Perotis indica (L.) O.Kuntze (POACEAE) Asparagus denudatus (Kunth) Oberm. (ASPARAGACEAE) Potamogeton crispus L. (POTAMOGETONACEAE) Asparagus pearsonii Kies (ASPARAGACEAE) Sartidia angolensis (C.E.Hubb.) De Winter (POACEAE) Asparagus striatus (L.f.) Oberm. (ASPARAGACEAE) Sartidia jucunda (Schweick.) De Winter (POACEAE) Chlorophytum angulicaule (Baker) Kativu (ANTHERICACEAE) Schizobasis flagelliformis (Baker) Baker (HYACINTHACEAE) Chlorophytum bowkeri Baker (ANTHERICACEAE) Sporobolus myrianthus Benth. (POACEAE) Crinum harmsii Baker (AMARYLLIDACEAE) Stipagrostis brevifolia (Nees) De Winter (POACEAE) Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (POACEAE) Stipagrostis hochstetteriana (Beck ex Hack.) De Winter var. Cynodon incompletus Nees (POACEAE) hochstetteriana (POACEAE) Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst (POACEAE) Stipagrostis hochstetteriana (Beck ex Hack.) De Winter var. Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy (POACEAE) secalina (Henr.) De Winter (POACEAE) Cyperus capensis (Steud.) Endl. (CYPERACEAE) Xerophyta equisitoides Baker (VELLOZIACEAE)

151 data listing � endemic �? suspected endemic S aquatic plant Ö invader, potential invader s possibly occurring in Botswana INDEX

The index lists family and genus name used in this checklist. Accepted family names are in UPPER CASE letters, accepted generic names are in roman typescript, and synonyms are listed in italics. Cross-referenced family names are listed in lower case roman type. Exotic taxa are not marked with an asterisk. A Allenia 83 Antirrhinum 102 Aberia 75 ALLIACEAE 112 Antizoma 86 Abrus 58 Allophylus 100 APIACEAE 24 Abutilon 83 Alloteropsis 129 Apium 24 Acacia 6, 7, 58, 150 Aloe 5, 115, 151 APOCYNACEAE 5, 24 Acalypha 55 Alopecurus 129 Apodytes 77 ACANTHACEAE 5, 17 Alsine 45 Aponogeton 114 Acanthodium 17 Alternanthera 20 APONOGETONACEAE 114 Acanthonotus 61 Althaea 83 Aptosimum 8, 102 Acanthosicyos 52 Alysicarpus 61 ARACEAE 114 Acanthospermum 30 AMARANTHACEAE 5, 20 Arachis 61 Acanthus 17 Amaranthus 20 ARALIACEAE 30 Achillea 30 AMARYLLIDACEAE 112 Arctotis 6, 30 Achyranthes 20 Amblygonocarpus 61 ARECACEAE 114 Achyrocline 30 AMBLYSTEGIACEAE 12 Argemone 91 Achyropsis 20 Amblystegium 12 Argyrolobium 61 Acokanthera 24 Ambrosia 30, 150 Aristida 8, 130, 151 Acrachne 129 Ambulia 102 Aristolchia 30 Acranthemum 81 Amellus 30, 150 ARISTOLOCHIACEAE 30 Acridocarpus 82 Ammannia 82 Artabotrys 23 Acroceras 129 Ammocharis 112 Artemisia 31 Acrochaete 129 Ampelocissus 111 Artemisiopsis 31 Acrotome 77 Amphidoxa 30 Arthrosolen 108 Actiniopteris 15 Amphilophis 129 Arundo 131 Adansonia 40 Amphinomia 61 Asclepias 25 Adenia 91 Amphoranthus 89 ASPARAGACEAE 5, 114 Adenium 5, 24 Anacampseros 94, 150 Asparagus 5, 114, 151 Adenolobus 61 ANACARDIACEAE 22 ASPHODELACEAE 5, 115 Adenostemma 30 Anchusa 40 Aspilia 31 Adhatoda 17 Ancylanthos 96 ASPLENIACEAE 15 Adiantum 15 Ancylobotrys 25 Asplenium 15 Aeollanthus 77, 150 Androcymbium 117 Aster 31 Aerva 20 Andropogon 129 ASTERACEAE 6, 31 Aeschynomene 61 Aneilema 117 Asterella 12, 150 Afzelia 61 Aniseia 48 Asthenatherum 131 AGAVACEAE 112 Annesorhiza 24 Astripomoea 48 Agave 112, 151 Annona 23 Astrochlaena 48 Agelanthus 7, 81 ANNONACEAE 23 Asystasia 17 Ageratum 30 Anosporum 118 Athrixia 31 Agrostis 129 Ansellia 126 Atriplex 46, 150 AIZOACEAE 20 Anthephora 130 Avena 131 Aizoon 20 ANTHERICACEAE 113 Avonia 94 Albildgaardia 118 Anthericum 113 AYTONIACEAE 12 Albizia 7, 61 Antherothamnus 102 Azanza 83 Albuca 122 Antherotoma 85 Azima 100 Aldrovanda 54 Anthistiria 130 Azolla 15 Alectra 8, 101, 150 Antholyza 124 AZOLLACEAE 15 Alisma 112 Anthospermum 96 B ALISMATACEAE 112 Anticharis 102 Alistilus 61 Antidesma 55 Babiana 124

152 SABONET Report No. 37 INDEX

Baccharis 31 Brasilettia 62 CARYOPHYLLACEAE 45 Baccharoides 31 Brassica 41 Cassia 62 Bacopa 102 BRASSICACEAE 41 Cassine 45 Baikiaea 61 Brayulinea 21 Cassytha 80 Baissea 25 Breweria 48 Catharanthus 25 BALANITACEAE 39 Bridelia 55, 150 Catophractes 40 Balanites 39, 150 Briza 132 Catunaregam 96 Balsamodendrum 41 Brugmansia 105 CELASTRACEAE 6, 45 Baphia 61 Brunsvigia 112 Celastrus 45 Barbula 13 BRYACEAE 12 Celosia 21 Barleria 17, 150 Bryum 12 Celsia 103 Barrowia 25 Buchnera 102 Celtidaceae 109 Bartramia 12 Buddleja 41 Celtis 109 BARTRAMIACEAE 12 BUDDLEJACEAE 41 Cenchrus 132 Basananthe 91 Bulbine 116 Centella 30 Bastardia 83 Bulbinella 116 Centropodia 132 Bauhinia 62 Bulbostylis 118 Centrostachys 21 Becium 77 Bupleurum 24 Cephalandra 52 Belmontia 75 Burkea 62 Cephalocroton 56 Bequaertiodendron 100 Burnatia 112 Cephalostigma 43 Berchemia 95 BURSERACEAE 41 Ceratogonum 93 Bergia 55 Butomopsis 126 CERATOPHYLLACEAE 46 Berkheya 31 Byrsocarpus 48 Ceratophyllum 46 Berkheyopsis 31 Ceratopteris 15 C Besenna 62 Ceratotheca 91 Bewsia 131 CABOMBACEAE 42 Cereus 42, 150 Bidens 31 Cacalia 31 Ceropegia 5, 25, 150 Bignonia 40 CACTACEAE 42 Ceterach 15 BIGNONIACEAE 40 Cadaba 44 Chadara 108 Bistella 109 Caesalpinia 62 Chaenostoma 103 Blainvillea 31 Caesalpinioides 62 Chaetacme 109 Blastania 52 Cailliea 62 Chailletia 54 Blepharis 5, 17 Caldesia 112 Chamaecrista 62 Blumea 31 Calendula 31 Chapmanolirion 112 Bobgunnia 62 Calophanes 18 Chascanum 110 Boerhavia 89 Calostephane 31 Chasmanthe 124 Boivinella 100 Calycanthemum 48 Cheilanthes 8, 15, 16, 150 Bolboschoenus 118 Campanula 43 Chenia 13 Bolusanthus 62 CAMPANULACEAE 43 CHENOPODIACEAE 46 Bolusia 62 Camptorrhiza 117 Chenopodium 46, 150 BOMBACACEAE 40 Campylopus 12 Chirocalyx 63 Bonamia 48 CANNABACEAE 43 Chironia 75 Bonatea 126 Cannabaceae 109 Chloridion 132 Boophone 112 Cannabis 43 Chloris 132 BORAGINACEAE 40 Canthium 96, 150 Chlorophytum 113, 151 Borago 40 Capassa 62 Chortolirion 116 Borreria 96 Caperonia 56 Chrysanthemum 32 Boscia 43 Capnitis 62 CHRYSOBALANACEAE 46 Bothriochloa 131 CAPPARACEAE 6, 43 Chrysocoma 32 Bouchea 110 Capparis 44 Chrysophyllum 101 Brachiaria 132 Capraria 40, 103 Chrysopogon 133 Brachyachne 132 Caralluma 25 Cicca 56 Brachylaena 31 Cardiospermum 100 Cienfuegosia 83 Brachymenium 12 Carex 118 Cineraria 32, 150 Brachystegia 62 Carissa 25 Cissampelos 86 Brachystelma 25 Caroxylon 46 Cissus 111 Brasenia 42 Carphalea 96 Citropsis 99

SABONET Report No. 37 153 INDEX

Citrullus 52 Crotalaria 63 Desmochaeta 21 Cladium 118 Croton 6, 56 Desmodium 64 Claoxylon 56 Cruciferae 41 Desmonema 86 Cleistachne 133 Cryptolepis 26 Detris 32 Clematis 95 Ctenium 133 Deverra 24 Clematopsis 95 Ctenolepis 52 Dialium 64 Cleome 6, 44 Cucumella 52 Diandrochloa 134 Clerodendrum 77 Cucumis 53, 150 Dianthera 18, 44 Cliﬀortia 96 Cucurbita 53 Dianthus 45 Clinopodium 77 CUCURBITACEAE 6, 52 Dicerocaryum 91 Clitoria 63 Cullen 64 Dichaelia 26 CLUSIACEAE 47 Cuscuta 54 Dichanthium 134, 151 Clutia 56 CUSCUTACEAE 54 DICHAPETALACEAE 54 Coccinia 52 Cussonia 30 Dichapetalum 54 Cocculus 86 Cyamopsis 64 Dichilus 64 Coddia 97, 150 Cyanella 148 Dichrostachys 7, 64, 150 Coelachyrum 133 Cyanotis 117 Dicliptera 18 COLCHICACEAE 117 Cyathula 21 Diclis 103 Coleus 77 Cyclonema 77, 110 Dicoma 32 Colocynthis 52 Cyclosorus 16 Dicraeia 92 Colophospermum 63 Cyclospermum 24 DICRANACEAE 12 Colutea 63 Cycnium 103 Didymodon 13 COMBRETACEAE 47, 48 Cylindropuntia 43 Diectomis 134 Combretum 8, 47, 150 Cymbidium 127 Digitaria 134, 151 Commelina 117 Cymbopogon 133, 151 Digitariella 135 COMMELINACEAE 117 Cymbosetaria 133 Diheteropogon 135, 151 Commicarpus 89 Cynanchum 26 Dimorphotheca 32 Commiphora 41 Cynodon 133, 151 Dinebra 135 Compositae 6, 31 Cynosurus 133 Dinocanthium 97 CONNARACEAE 48 CYPERACEAE 118 Diodia 97 CONVOLVULACEAE 6, 48 Cyperus 118, 151 Dioscorea 121 Convolvulus 48 Cyphia 80 DIOSCOREACEAE 121 Conyza 32 Cypholepis 134 Diospyros 54, 150 Copaiba 63 Cyphostemma 9, 111 Dipcadi 122 Copaifera 63 Cyrtopera 127 Diphaca 65 Copaiva 63 Cytisus 64 Diplachne 135 Corallocarpus 6, 52 Diplorhynchus 26 Corbichonia 87 DIPSACACEAE 54 D Corchorus 108 DIPTEROCARPACEAE 54 Cordia 40 Dactylis 134 Dirichletia 97 Coreopsis 32 Dactyloctenium 134, 151 Dissotis 85 Coronopus 41 Daemia 26 Distephanus 32 Corrigiola 45 Dalbergia 64 Dodonaea 100 Cotula 32 Dalechampia 56 Doellia 32 Cotyledon 51 Danthonia 134 Dolichandrone 40 Courtoisina 118 Danthoniopsis 134 Dolichochaete 135 Crabbea 18 Dasystachys 114 Dolicholus 65 Craspedorhachis 133 Datura 105 Dolichos 65 Crassocephalum 32, 150 Decabelone 26 Dombeya 107 Crassula 51 Decorsea 64 Dopatrium 103 CRASSULACEAE 51 Deguelia 64 Doratanthera 103 Craterostigma 103 Delosperma 87, 150 Doryopteris 15 Crepidorhopalon 103 Dendrophthoë 81 Dovyalis 75 Crinum 112, 151 Denekia 32 DRACAENACEAE 121 Crocoxylon 45 DENNSTAEDTIACEAE 15 Dregea 26 Crossopteryx 97 Derris 64 Drimia 122 Crossotropis 133 Desmanthus 64 Drimiopsis 123

154 SABONET Report No. 37 INDEX

Drosera 54 Erlangea 6, 33 Fresenia 33 DROSERACEAE 54 ERPODIACEAE 13 Freylinia 103 Duosperma 18 Erpodium 13 Friedrichsthalia 40 Duranta 110 Erucastrum 41 Friesodielsia 23 Duvalia 26 Erythrina 66 Fugosia 83 Dyschoriste 18 Erythrococca 56 Fuirena 119 Erythrophleum 66 Funaria 13 E Erythrophysa 100 FUNARIACEAE 13 EBENACEAE 6, 54 ERYTHROXYLACEAE 55 G Ecbolium 18 Erythroxylum 55 Echinochloa 135 Ethulia 33 Galactia 66 Eclipta 32 Euclea 6, 54, 150 Galenia 20 Ectadiopsis 27 Eucomis 123 Galeomma 33 Ectadium 27 Eulalia 138 Galinsoga 33 Ehretia 40, 150 Eulophia 8, 127, 151 Galium 97 Eichhornia 148 Euonymus 45 Garcinia 47 Ekebergia 86 Eupatorium 33 Gardenia 97 Elaeodendron 45 Euphorbia 6, 27, 56, 150 Gazania 33 ELATINACEAE 55 Euphorbia 6, 27, 56, 150 Geigeria 34, 150 Elatine 55 EUPHORBIACEAE 6, 55 Gendarussa 18 Eleocharis 119, 151 Euryops 33 Geniosporum 77 Elephantorrhiza 65 Eustachys 138 Gentiana 76 Eleusine 135 Evolvulus 49 GENTIANACEAE 75 Elionurus 135 Exacum 76 GERANIACEAE 76 Elymandra 135 Excoecaria 57 Gerardia 103 Elytraria 18 Exochaenium 76 Gethyllis 112 Elytrophorus 135 Exormotheca 14, 150 Gisekia 76 Embelia 54 EXORMOTHECACEAE 14 GISEKIACEAE 76 Emex 93 Gladiolus 7, 124 F Emilia 32 Glandularia 110 Eminia 65 FABACEAE 7, 58, 60 Gleditsia 66 Endostemon 77 Fabronia 13 Glinus 87 Englerophytum 101 FABRONIACEAE 13 Gloriosa 117 Enicostema 76 Fagara 99 Glycine 66 Enneapogon 136 Fagelia 66 Gmelina 110 Entada 65 Fagonia 111 Gnaphalium 34 Entandrophragma 86 Fagopyrum 93 Gnidia 108 Enteropogon 136 Faidherbia 66 Gomphocarpus 27 Entolasia 136 Falkia 49 Gomphostigma 41 Epaltes 33 Faroa 76 Gomphrena 21 Epilobium 90 Faurea 94 Gongrothamnus 34 EQUISETACEAE 15 Felicia 33 Gossypium 7, 83 Equisetum 15 Feretia 97 Gouania 95 Eragrostis 8, 136, 151 Ferraria 124 Gramineae 8, 129 Eranthemum 18 Festuca 138 Grangea 34 Erianthemum 7, 81 Ficus 88 Gratiola 103 Erianthus 138 Fimbristylis 119 Grewia 9, 108, 150 Erigeron 33 Fingerhuthia 138 Grielum 89 ERIOCAULACEAE 121 Fissidens 13 Guibourtia 67 Eriocaulon 121 FISSIDENTACEAE 13 Guilleminea 21 Eriocephalus 33 Flacourtia 75 Gunillaea 43 Eriochloa 138 FLACOURTIACEAE 75 Gunnera 76 Eriochrysis 138, 151 Flanagania 27 GUNNERACEAE 76 Eriosema 65 Flaveria 33 Guttiferae 47 ERIOSPERMACEAE 6, 122 Floscopa 117 Gymnema 27 Eriospermum 6, 122 Flueggea 57 Gymnosporia 45 Eriosphaera 33 Fockea 27, 150 Gymnostomum 13

SABONET Report No. 37 155 INDEX

Gynandriris 125 Hyalosepalum 86 Justicia 18, 150 Gynandropsis 44 Hybanthus 111 K Gyrocarpus 76 Hydnora 77 HYDNORACEAE 77 Kalaharia 110 H HYDROCHARITACEAE 124 Kalanchoe 52 Habenaria 8, 128, 151 Hydrocotyle 30 Kanahia 28 Hackelochloa 138 Hydropeltis 42 Kaukenia 101 Haemanthus 112 Hygrophila 18, 150 Kedrostis 53 Halleria 103 Hymenocardia 57 Kigelia 40 HALORAGACEAE 76 Hymenostylium 13 Kirkia 77 Haplocarpha 34 Hyophila 13 KIRKIACEAE 77 Harpagophytum 91 Hyparrhenia 138, 151 Kleinia 35 Haworthia 116 Hypericum 47 Kohautia 8, 97 Haydonia 67 Hypertelis 87 Kosteletzkya 84 Hebenstretia 103 Hyperthelia 139 Kyllinga 120 Hedyotis 97 Hyphaene 114, 151 Kyllingiella 120 Hedysarum 67 Hypoestes 18 Kyphocarpa 21 Heeria 22 Hypogynium 139 L Heinsia 97 HYPOXIDACEAE 124 Helichrysum 34 Hypoxis 124 Labiatae 77 Helinus 95 Hyptis 78 Lablab 68 Heliophytum 40 Lachnopylis 41 I Heliotropium 40 Lactuca 35 Hemarthria 138, 151 Iboza 78 Lagarosiphon 124 Hemicarpha 120 ICACINACEAE 77 Lagenaria 53 Hemigraphis 18 Illecebrum 21 Laggera 35 Hemizygia 78 Ilysanthes 103 Lagurus 140 Hermannia 8, 107 Imperata 139 LAMIACEAE 77 Hermbstaedtia 21 Indigastrum 67 Landolphia 28 HERNANDIACEAE 76 Indigofera 67 Lannea 22 Herpestis 103 Inga 68 Lantana 110 Hesperantha 125 Inula 35 Lapeirousia 125 Heteranthera 148 Inversodicraea 92 Lasiocorys 78 Heteromorpha 24 Iphigenia 117 Lasiosiphon 108 Heteropogon 138 Ipomoea 49 Launaea 35 HETEROPYXIDACEAE 76 Iresine 21 LAURACEAE 80 Heteropyxis 76 IRIDACEAE 7, 124 Laurembergia 76 Heterotis 85 Iris 125 Ledebouria 123 Heudelotia 42 Ischaemum 140 Ledermanniella 92 Hexalobus 24 Isnardia 90 Leersia 140 Hibiscus 7, 84 ISOETACEAE 15 Leguminosae 58 Hippocratea 6, 45 Isoetes 15 Lemna 126, 151 Hirpicium 6, 35, 150 Isolepis 120 LEMNACEAE 126 Hoﬀmannseggia 67 LENTIBULARIACEAE 80 J Holcus 138 Leobordea 68 Holopetalum 95 Jacquemontia 51 Leonotis 78 Holostylon 78 Jamesbrittenia 103, 150 Lepidagathis 19 Holubia 92 Jasminum 90 Lepidium 41 Homalium 75 Jatropha 6, 57 Leptocarydion 140 Homeria 125 Joannegria 140 Leptochloa 140 Homoeatherum 138 Julbernardia 68 Leptodictyum 12 Hoodia 5, 27 JUNCACEAE 126 Leptothamnus 35 Hoslundia 78 Juncellus 120 Lessertia 68 Hottonia 103 Juncus 126 Leucas 78 Huernia 27 Jungermannia 14, 150 Leucosphaera 5, 22 Huerniopsis 28 JUNGERMANNIACEAE 14 Leysera 35 HYACINTHACEAE 122 Jussiaea 90 Lichtensteinia 81

156 SABONET Report No. 37 INDEX

Liebrechtsia 68 Markhamia 40 MONTINIACEAE 88 Lightfootia 43 Marlothia 96 MORACEAE 88 Limeum 7, 87 Marsdenia 28 Moraea 125 Limnanthemum 86 Marsilea 7, 15 Morella 89 LIMNOCHARITACEAE 126 MARSILEACEAE 7, 15 Moringa 88 Limnophila 104 Maytenus 46, 150 MORINGACEAE 88 Limnophyton 112 Medicago 69 Moschosma 78 Limosella 104 Megalochlamys 19 Mukia 53, 150 Linaria 104 Megaloprotachne 140 Mundulea 69 Lindernia 104 Melanospermum 104 Myrica 89 Lintonia 140 Melanosticta 69 MYRICACEAE 89 Linzia 35 Melanthera 35 Myriophyllum 76 Lipocarpha 120 Melasma 104 Myrobalanus 48 Lippia 110 Melastomastrum 85 MYROTHAMNACEAE 89 Lissochilus 128 MELASTOMATACEAE 85 Myrothamnus 89 Listia 68 Melhania 107 MYRTACEAE 89 Lithops 87 Melia 86 N Litogyne 35 MELIACEAE 86 Lobelia 80 Melinis 140 Nachtigalia 89 LOBELIACEAE 80 Melochia 108 NAJADACEAE 126 Loeseneriella 45 Melolobium 69 Najas 126 Lonchocarpus 69 Melothria 53 Nananthus 87 Lophiocarpus 92 MENISPERMACEAE 86 Nardus 141 LORANTHACEAE 7, 81 Menispermum 86 Nasturtium 41 Loranthus 81 Menodora 90 Negria 141 Lotononis 69 Mentha 78 Nelsia 22 Loudetia 140 MENYANTHACEAE 86 Nelsonia 19 Ludwigia 90, 150 Menyanthes 86 Nemesia 104 Luﬀa 53 Merremia 6, 51 Neoboivinella 101 Lycium 106 MESEMBRYANTHEMACEAE 87 Neohyptis 78 LYCOPODIACEAE 15 Mesembryanthemum 87 Neomuellera 78 Lycopodium 15 Mestoklema 87 Neonotonia 69 Lycurus 140 Microchloa 141 Neorautanenia 69 Lyperia 104 Micrococca 58 Nepeta 78 LYTHRACEAE 7, 82 Microlepia 15 Neptunia 70 Lythrum 82 Microtea 92 Nerine 113 Mielichhoferia 12 Nesaea 7, 82 M Mikania 36 Nesphostylis 70 Macledium 32, 35 Milium 141 Nestlera 36 Macropetalum 28 Mimosa 69 Neurada 89 Macrosiphon 104 Mimulus 104 NEURADACEAE 7, 89 Macrotyloma 69 Mimusops 101 Neuradopsis 7, 89 Maerua 44 Miscanthidium 141 Nicolasia 36 Mahernia 107 Miscanthus 141, 151 Nicolsonia 70 MALPIGHIACEAE 82 Mitracarpum 97 Nicotiana 106 Malva 85 Modecca 91 Nidorella 36 MALVACEAE 7, 83 MOLLUGINACEAE 7, 87 Niebuhria 45 Malvastrum 85 Mollugo 88 Nolletia 36 Mandelorna 140 Momordica 53 Nomaphila 19 Manilkara 101 Monadenium 7, 58 Nortenia 104 Manisuris 140 Monandrus 120 Notholaena 16 Manulea 104 Monechma 19 Nuxia 41 Manuleopsis 104 Monocymbium 141 NYCTAGINACEAE 89 Maprounea 57 Monopsis 81, 150 Nymphaea 89 Marcellia 22 Monotes 54 NYMPHAEACEAE 89 Margaritaria 57 Monsonia 76 Nymphoides 86 Mariscus 120 Montinia 88

SABONET Report No. 37 157 INDEX

O Palmae 114 Piaranthus 29 Obetia 109 Pancratium 113 Piliostigma 70 Ochna 90 Panicum 8, 141, 151 Pimpinella 24 OCHNACEAE 90 PAPAVERACEAE 91 Piptadenia 70 Ocimum 78 Pappea 100 Pisosperma 53 Odina 22 Pappophorum 142 Pistia 114 Odyssea 141 Parapodium 28 PITTOSPORACEAE 92 Oenostachys 126 Parinari 46 Pittosporum 92, 150 Oenothera 91 PARKERIACEAE 15 Pituranthos 24 Ohlendorﬃa 104 Parkinsonia 70 Plagiochasma 12 OLACACEAE 90 Paropsia 91 PLANTAGINACEAE 92 Olax 90 Paschanthus 91 Plantago 92 Oldenlandia 97 Paspalidium 142 Platycarpha 37 Olea 90 Paspalum 142 Plaubelia 13 OLEACEAE 90 PASSIFLORACEAE 91 Plectranthus 79 Oligomeris 95 Pauletia 70 Plectronia 98 Oliverella 81 Paullinia 100 Plectroniella 98 ONAGRACEAE 90 Pavetta 98 Pleiotaxis 37 Oncoba 75 Pavonia 7, 85 Plexipus 110 Operculina 51 Pechuel-Loeschea 36 Plicosepalus 7, 81 OPHIOGLOSSACEAE 15 PEDALIACEAE 8, 91 Plinthus 20 Ophioglossum 15, 150 Pegolettia 36 Pluchea 37 Ophrestia 70 Pelargonium 76 Plukenetia 58 Oplismenus 141 Peliostomum 104 PLUMBAGINACEAE 92 Opuntia 43, 150 Pellaea 16 Plumbago 92 Orbea 5, 28, 150 Peltophorum 70 Poa 143 Orbeopsis 28 Pennisetum 142, 151 POACEAE 8, 129 ORCHIDACEAE 8, 126 Pentameria 58 PODOSTEMACEAE 92 Orchis 129 Pentarrhinum 28 Pogonarthria 143 Oreosyce 53 Pentodon 98 Pogonatherum 143 Ormocarpum 70 Pentzia 37, 150 Poivrea 48 Ornithogalum 123, 151 Pergularia 28 Polanisia 45 Ornithoglossum 117 Periglossum 28 Pollichia 45 Oropetium 141 Periploca 28 Pollinia 143 Orthanthera 28 Peristrophe 19 Polycarena 104 Orthosiphon 79 Perlebia 70 Polycarpaea 45 Orygia 88 Perotis 142, 151 Polycarpon 45 Oryza 141 Persicaria 93 Polychaetia 37 Oryzidium 141 Petalidium 19, 150 Polygala 92 Osteospermum 36 Petamenes 126 POLYGALACEAE 92 Ostryoderris 70 Phaeoptilum 89 POLYGONACEAE 93 Osyris 100 Phalaris 142 Polygonum 94, 150 Othonna 36 Pharnaceum 88 Polypogon 143 Otoptera 70 Phascum 13 PONTEDERIACEAE 148 Ottelia 124 Phaseolus 70 Popowia 24 OXALIDACEAE 91 Philenoptera 70 Portulaca 8, 94 Oxalis 91 Philonotis 12 PORTULACACEAE 8, 94 Oxycaryum 120 Philyrophyllum 37 Potamogeton 148, 151 Oxygonum 93 Phlomis 79 POTAMOGETONACEAE 148 Ozoroa 22 Phoenix 114 Pottia 13 Phragmites 142 POTTIACEAE 13 P Phyla 110 Pouteria 101 Pachycarpus 28 Phyllanthus 58 Pouzolzia 109 Pachycymbium 28 Phyllogeiton 96 Premna 79 Pachypodium 28, 150 Physalis 106 Pretrea 92 Pachyrhizus 70 Phytolacca 92, 150 PRIMULACEAE 94 Pachystela 101 PHYTOLACCACEAE 92 Prismatocarpus 43

158 SABONET Report No. 37 INDEX

Priva 110 Rhamphicarpa 104 Sapium 58 Prosopis 70 Rhaphis 143 SAPOTACEAE 100 Protasparagus 115 Rhexia 86 Sarcocaulon 76 Protea 95 Rhigozum 40 Sarcostemma 29 PROTEACEAE 94 Rhinacanthus 19 Sartidia 144, 151 Pseudobarleria 19 Rhoicissus 111 Scabiosa 54 Pseudobrachiaria 143 Rhus 22, 150 Scadoxus 113 Pseudocadia 71 Rhynchelytrum 143 Schinus 23 Pseudocedrela 86 Rhynchocarpa 53 Schinziophyton 58 Pseudocimum 79 Rhynchosia 7, 71, 150 Schismus 144 Pseudoconyza 37 Rhynchospora 121 Schizachyrium 144 Pseudocrossidium 13 Riccia 14, 150 Schizobasis 123 Pseudogaltonia 123 RICCIACEAE 14 Schizocarphus 123 Pseudognaphalium 37 Ricciocarpos 14 Schizoglossum 29 Pseudolachnostylis 58 Richardia 99 Schkuhria 38 Pseudowolﬃa 126 Ricinodendron 58 Schmidtia 144 Psiadia 37 Ricinus 58 Schoenoplectus 121 Psilochloa 143 Rikliella 121 Schotia 72, 150 Psoralea 71 Rondeletia 99 Schrebera 90 Psychotria 98 Rorippa 41 Schwabea 19 Psydrax 98 ROSACEAE 96 Scilla 123 Ptaeroxylaceae 99 Rosenia 37 Scirpoides 121 Ptaeroxylon 99 Roshevitzia 143 Scirpus 121 Pteleopsis 48 Rotala 82 Scleria 121 PTERIDACEAE 7, 15 Rotheca 79 Sclerocarpus 38 Pteris 16 Rothmannia 99 Sclerocarya 23 Pterocarpus 71 Rottboellia 143 Sclerochiton 19 Pterococcus 58 Rourea 48 Scolopia 75 Pterodiscus 8, 92 Royena 55 SCROPHULARIACEAE 8, 101 Pteronia 37 Rubia 99 Scutia 96 Ptycholobium 71 RUBIACEAE 8, 96 Scytalis 72 Pueraria 71 Rubus 96 Sebaea 76, 150 Pulicaria 37 Ruellia 19 Secamone 29 Pupalia 22 Ruelliopsis 19 Securidaca 93 Pycnosphaera 76 Rumex 94 Securinega 58 Pycnostachys 79 Ruschia 87 Seddera 51 Pycreus 120 Ruspolia 19 Sehima 144 Pygmaeothamnus 99 RUTACEAE 99 Selaginella 16, 150 Pyrostria 99 Rytigynia 99 SELAGINELLACEAE 16 Selago 8, 105, 150 R S Semonvillea 88 Rabdochloa 143 Saccharum 143 Senebiera 41 Radyera 85 Sacciolepis 143 Senecio 38 Randia 99 Saldania 72 Senna 72 RANUNCULACEAE 95 SALICACEAE 100 Sericocoma 22 Ranunculus 95 Salix 100 Sericocomopsis 22 Raphanocarpus 53 Salsola 46 Sericorema 22 Raphidophyllum 104 Salvadora 100 Sesamothamnus 8, 92 Raphionacme 29 SALVADORACEAE 100 Sesamum 8, 92 Reissantia 46 Salvia 79 Sesbania 72, 150 Rennera 37 Salvinia 16 Sesuvium 20 Requienia 71 SALVINIACEAE 16 Setaria 144 Reseda 95 Samolus 94 Shantzia 85 RESEDACEAE 95 Sansevieria 121 Sida 85 Resedella 95 SANTALACEAE 100 Sideroxylon 101 RHAMNACEAE 95 SAPINDACEAE 100 Sinapis 41 Rhamnus 96 Sapindus 100 Sisymbrium 41

SABONET Report No. 37 159 INDEX

SOLANACEAE 105, 108 Tapiphyllum 99 Triphaca 108 Solandra 106 Tarchonanthus 38 Triplocephalum 38 Solanum 106 Tarenna 99 Tripogon 147 Sonchus 38 Tavaresia 30 Triraphis 147 Sopubia 105 Teclea 99 Tristachya 147 Sorghastrum 145 TECOPHILAEACEAE 148 Tritonia 126 Sorghum 145 Tenagocharis 126 Triumfetta 109, 151 Spathodea 40 Tenaris 30 Trochomeria 53 Spermacoce 8, 99 Tephrosia 72 Tryphostemma 91 Sphaeranthus 38 Terminalia 7, 8, 48 Tulbaghia 112 Sphalmanthus 87 Tetradenia 79 Turbina 6, 51 Sphedamnocarpus 82 Tetragonia 20 TURNERACEAE 109 Sphenoclea 106 Tetrapleura 73 Turraea 86 SPHENOCLEACEAE 106 Tetratelia 45 Tylosema 73 Spirodela 126 Teucrium 80 Typha 148 Spirostachys 58 Thamnosma 99 TYPHACEAE 148 Splachnobryum 13, 150 THELYPTERIDACEAE 16 U Spodiopogon 145 Thelypteris 16 Sporledera 92 Themeda 146 ULMACEAE 109 Sporobolus 8, 145, 151 Thesium 100, 151 Umbelliferae 24 Stachys 79 Thespesia 85 Uncaria 92 Stapelia 29 Thunbergia 19, 151 Unona 24 Stathmostelma 29 THYMELAEACEAE 108, 110 Uragoga 99 Steganotaenia 24 Thysanomitrion 13 Urelytrum 147 Stegosia 146 TILIACEAE 9, 108 Urera 109 Stellaria 45 Tinnea 80 Urginea 124 Stemodiacra 105 Tinospora 86 Urochloa 147 Stenocline 38 Tithonia 38 Urostigma 88 Stenostelma 29 Toddaliopsis 99, 151 URTICACEAE 109 Sterculia 108 Torenia 105 Utricularia 80 STERCULIACEAE 8, 107 Tortula 13 Uvaria 24 Stereochlaena 146 Tournefortia 41 V Stipa 146 Trachyandra 5, 116 Vahlia 110 Stipagrostis 146, 151 Trachypogon 146 VAHLIACEAE 109 Stobaea 38 Tragia 58 Vallisneria 124 Stomatium 87 Tragus 147 Vangueria 99 Stomatostemma 29 Trapa 109 Vangueriopsis 99 Streptopetalum 109 TRAPACEAE 109 Vellozia 148 Striga 105 Triachyrum 147 VELLOZIACEAE 148 Strophanthus 29 Trianthema 20 Vepris 100, 151 STRYCHNACEAE 108 Triaspis 83 Verbena 111 Strychnos 108 Tribulus 111 VERBENACEAE 110 Stultitia 29 Tricalysia 99, 151 Verbesina 38 Stylosanthes 72 Trichilia 86 Vernonia 6, 39 Suaeda 46 Trichinium 22 Vetiveria 148 Sutera 105 Trichodesma 41 Vigna 7, 73 Sutherlandia 72 Tricholaena 147 Vilfa 148 Swartzia 72 Trichoneura 147 VIOLACEAE 111 Sycomorus 88 Trichopteryx 147 VISCACEAE 111 Sylitra 72 Trichosanthes 53 Viscum 111 Syzygium 89, 151 Trichostomum 13 VITACEAE 9, 111 Tricliceras 109 T Vitex 80, 151 Tridax 38 Vitis 111 Tacazzea 29 Tridentea 30 Vossia 148 Tagetes 38 Trifolium 73 Talinum 94 Trigonella 73 W Tapinanthus 81 Triodia 147 Wahlenbergia 43

160 SABONET Report No. 37 INDEX

Walafrida 105 Xeropetalum 108 Walleria 148 Xerophyta 148, 151 Wallinia 92 Ximenesia 39 Waltheria 108 Ximenia 90 Watsonia 126 Xylopia 24 Websteria 121 Xylopicrum 24 Wedelia 39 XYRIDACEAE 149 Weisiopsis 13 Xyris 149 Wiesneria 112 Xysmalobium 30 Willbleibia 148 Z Willkommia 148 Zaleya 20 Wissadula 85 Zannichellia 149 Withania 106 ZANNICHELLIACEAE 149 Wolffia 126 Zantedeschia 114 Wolffiella 126 Zanthoxylum 100 Wolffiopsis 126 Zehneria 53 Woodia 30 Zeuxine 129 Wormskioldia 109 Zeyherella 101 X Zinnia 39 Xanthium 39 Ziziphus 96 Xanthocercis 75 Zornia 75 Xenostegia 51 ZYGOPHYLLACEAE 111 Xeroderris 75 Zygophyllum 111 Xeromphis 99

SABONET Report No. 37 161