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13. TRAMPLER, T., KLICZKOWSKA, A., DMYTERKO, E.,Ă SIERPIŃSKA, A./ Regionalizacja Przyrodniczo – Lоśчк ЧК Pшньэкакмс Офшlшртмгчш – Fizjograficznych

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13. TRAMPLER, T., KLICZKOWSKA, A., DMYTERKO, E.,Ă SIERPIŃSKA, A./ Regionalizacja Przyrodniczo – Lоśчк ЧК Pшньэкакмс Офшlшртмгчш – Fizjograficznych 13. TRAMPLER, T., KLICZKOWSKA, A., DMYTERKO, E.,ă SIERPIŃSKA, A./ Regionalizacja przyrodniczo – lОśЧК ЧК pШНЬЭКаКМС ОФШlШРТМгЧШ – fizjograficznych. PWRiL Warszawa, 1990. –157 ss. 13. ГAŁĘSKI,ăA.,ăMATRAS,ăJ.,ăSABORăJ.,ăГAJCГKOАSKA,ăB. ȚОśna regionalizacja dla nasion i sadzonek w Polsce. Wyd. Fundacja Rozwoju SGGW Warszawa, 2000. –127 ss. CZU 635*9:582.752.2 (478) KNIPHOFIA GALPINII BAKER – OăSPECIEăDECORATIVăNOUăÎNă GRADINAăBOTANICăNAIONALă(INSTITUT)ăALEБANDRUăCIBOTARU Irina SFECL,ăTatiana SÎRBUă GЫКНТЧКăBШtКЧТМăNКТШЧКХă(IЧЬtТtut)ăAХОбКЧНЫuăCТЛШtКЫu Abstract: This article contains information about the life cycle of species Kniphofia galpinii Baker. The pace of development refl ected in the new conditions of life, periods and phases ontogenetice manifests itself as ierbacee. The species is perennial and can be used successfully in green spaces as solitary specimens, small groups, around water basins. Key words: Kniphofia galpinii Baker, introduction, fenology, ontogenesis. INTRODUCERE Genul Kniphofia MШОЧМС.ăМЮЩЫТЧНОăМТЫМКă75ăНОăЬЩОМТТăЫЬЩсЧНТЭО,ăьЧăЦКЫОăЦЬЮЫ,ăьЧăAПЫТМКă НОăSЮНăТăEЬЭ,ăШăЬЩОМТОăьЧăMКНКРКЬМКЫăТăЮЧКăьЧăЬЮНЮХăAЫКЛТОТ.ăGОЧЮХăЩШКЫЭăЧЮЦОХОăЩЫШПОЬШЫЮХЮТăьЧă ЦОНТМТЧăJШСКЧЧОЬăHТОЫШЧвЦЮЬăKЧТЩСШПă(1704–1763), care КăКМЭТЯКЭăьЧăМКНЫЮХăUЧТЯОЫЬТЭТТăEЫПЮЫЭă din Germania (Bailey, L.H., 1947). ÎЧăЧКЭЮЫăМЫТЧТТăКПЫТМКЧТăМЫОЬМ,ăЩЫОНШЦТЧКЧЭ,ăьЧăRОРТЮЧОКăAПЫШ-ЦШЧЭКЧ,ăЮЧОШЫТăЬОăьЧЭсХЧОЬМă ьЧăЩЮЧТХОăТЧПОЫТШКЫОă(ЩНЮЫТХОăMТШЦЛШ)ăТăьЧăЯОРОЭКТКăЬЮЛКХЩТЧăЬЮЩОЫТШКЫă(MЮЧТТăBКle) (Codd, L. E., 2005). KЧТПШПТТХОăЬЮЧЭăЩХКЧЭОăОЫЛКМОО,ăЩОЫОЧО,ăСОЦТМЫТЩЭШПТЭО,ăЦОгШПТХО,ăЫТгШЦТПОЫО,ăьЧКХЭОăНОăЩсЧăХКă 1,4Ц.ăRНМТЧКăОЬЭОăЮЧăЫТгШЦăРЫШЬ,ăНТЧăМКЫОăЬОăНОгЯШХЭăЧЮЦОЫШКЬОăЫНМТЧТăМЫЧШКЬО.ăLКăЛКгКăЭТУОТă ПХШЫКХОăНОгЯШХЭăЫШгОЭОăНОă10-20 de frunze radiculare, liniare, erecte sau arcuite, aranjate distih, ating lungimea de 35-80ă МЦă Тă ХТЦОКă НОă 0,6-1,8ă МЦ.ă SОМТЮЧОКă ЭЫКЧЬЯОЫЬКХă Кă ХТЦЛЮХЮТă Vă – ПШЫЦ,ă ЦКЫРТЧОКăПЫЮЧгОТăТăМКЫОЧКăьЧЭЫОРТăЬКЮăНТЧКЭОăЩсЧăХКăЬОЫЮХКЭО.ăFХШЫТăРЫЮЩКЭОăьЧăТЧПХШЫОЬМОЧОăНОăЭТЩă racem cilindric, ovoid sau chiar subcapituliform. Perigon tubular, de 1,5-5ăМЦ,ăМЮăКЬОăХШЛТăОРКХТăМОă ЧЮă НОЩОЬМă ХЮЧРТЦОКă НОă 3ă ЦЦ.ă FЫЮМЭă НОă ЭТЩă МКЩЬЮХă ЭЫТХШМЮХКЫ. (Germishuizen, G., Meyer, N.L.,2003; Codd, L. E., 2005; BКХ,ăM.ă2007;) CaracterТЬЭТМă КМОЬЭШЫă ЬЩОМТТă ОЬЭОă НОМШЫКЭТЯТЭКЭОКă ПЫЮЧгОХШЫă Тă Кă ПХШЫТХШЫ,ă ПКЩЭă МОă ЩОЫЦТЭОă ЮЭТХТгКЫОКă ХШЫă ьЧă КЫЭКă ЩОТЬКУОЫă Тă МОКă ЛЮМСОЭТОЫ.ă ÎЧă КЦОЧКУКЫОКă ЬЩКТТХШЫă ЯОЫгТă ЩШЭă ПТă ЮЭТХТгКЭОă МЮă ЬЮММОЬăМКăОбОЦЩХКЫОăЬШХТЭКЫО,ăРЫЮЩЮЫТăЦТМТ,ăЛШЫНЮЫТ,ăЛШЫНЮЫТăЦТбЭО,ăьЧăУЮЫЮХăЛКгТЧОХШЫăНОăКЩă(TШЧв,ă L.,ă 2003,ă ŞОХКЫЮ,ă E.,ă 2007).ă PКЫКХОХă МЮă НОМШЫКЭТЯТЭКЭОКă ХШЫă КММОЧЭЮКЭ,ă НОЭОЫЦТЧКЭă НОă РЫКТКă Тă МЫШЦКЭТМКăТЧПХШЫОЬМОЧОХШЫ,ăФЧТПШПТТХОăЩШЬОНăТăКХЭОăМКХТЭТăНОăЯКХШКЫО,ăМЮЦăКЫăПТ:ăЩХКЧЭăЦОХТПОЫ,ă ЩШЬТЛТХТЭТă de a extragerОă КЧЭЫКМСТЧШЧО,ă ПХКЯШЧШТНОă Тă КХМКХШТгТă (RКЦНСКЧТ,ă S.ă 2006;ă AЧРТШЬЩОЫЦă 2016). CОЫМОЭЫТХОăЧШКЬЭЫОăКЮăЮЫЦЫТЭăОЯТНОЧТОЫОКăЩКЫЭТМЮХКЫТЭТХШЫăЛТШХШРТМОăХКăKniphofia galpinii Baker – ЭКбШЧăЧШЮăьЧă МШХОМТКăНОăЩХКЧЭОăШЫЧКЦОЧЭКХО,ăЩЫОМЮЦă Тă ЬЭКЛТХТЫОКăЦОЭШНОХШr eficiente de multiplicare. MATERIALăIăMETODE CОЫМОЭЫТХОăКЮăПШЬЭăОПОМЭЮКЭОăьЧăМсЦЩЮХăОбЩОЫТЦОЧЭКХăКХăХКЛШЫКЭШЫЮХЮТăFХШЫТМЮХЭЮЫКăНТЧăМКНЫЮХă GЫНТЧТТăBШЭКЧТМОăNКТШЧКХОă(IЧЬЭТЭЮЭ)ăAХ.ăCТЛШЭКЫЮă(GBN(I)),ăьЧăЩОЫТШКНКă2009-2018. 492 Obiect de studiu a servit specia Kniphofia galpinii. PКЫЭТМЮХКЫТЭТХОă ЦШЫПШХШРТМОă Тă ШЧЭШРОЧОЭТМОă КЮă ПШЬЭă ЬЭЮНТКЭОă НЮЩă ЦОЭШНОХОă ЩЫШЦШЯКЭОă НОă IРЧКЭТОЯКă (1983),ă ЫТЭЦЮХă ЬОгШЧТОЫă НОă dezvoltare conform metodelor clasice (Metodica fenologiceschih…,ă1975), descrierile morfologice – conform Fiodorov A. (1956, 1962, 1975, 1979, 1986). REГULTATEăIăDISCUII IЧЭЫШНЮМОЫОКă ЩХКЧЭОХШЫă ЫОЩЫОгТЧЭă МКХОКă МОКă ЦКТă ЬТРЮЫă НОă ьЦЛШРТЫОă Кă ЬШЫЭТЦОЧЭЮХЮТă НОă ЩХКЧЭОăНОМШЫКЭТЯОăЮЭТХТгКЭОăьЧăКЦОЧКУКЫОКăЬЩКТТХШЫăЯОЫгТ.ăAМЭТЯТЭКЭОКăМОЫМОЭЭШЫТХШЫăНТЧăКМОЬt domeniu ьЧМОЩОăМЮăЦШЛТХТгКЫОКăЦКЭОЫТКХЮХЮТăТЧТТКХăТăОЯТНОЧТОЫОКăЩШЭОЧТКХЮХЮТăКНКЩЭТЯОăКХăПТОМЫОТăЬЩОМТТăьЧă МШЧНТТТăЧШТ.ăSОЦТЧОХОăНОăKniphofia galpinii au fost mobilizate prin intermediul Delectus seminum НТЧă GЫНТЧКă BШЭКЧТМă EЬЬОЧ,ă GОЫЦКЧТК,ă ьЧă 2008.ă PОă ХсЧРă КМОКЬЭă ЬЩОМТО,ă ьЧă МШХОМТКă НОă ЩХКЧЭОă ornamentale perene ale GBN(I) Genul Kniphofia ОЬЭОă ЫОЩЫОгОЧЭКЭă НОă КХЭОă КЬОă ЬЩОМТТă ЩЫОМЮЦ:ă Kniphofia uvaria (L.) Hook., K. ensifolia Baker, K. tukii Baker, K. nelsonii Mast, K. sarmentosa (Andr.) Kunth, K. citrina Baker (SПОМХăI.,ă2017). SЩОМТКăЬЮЬăЧЮЦТЭăОЬЭОăНОЬМЫТЬăЩОЧЭЫЮăЩЫТЦКăНКЭăТăЬЭКЛТХТЭăМКăЭКбШЧăЬЩОМТПТМăНОăМЭЫОăJШСЧă Gilbert Baker (Baker, 1896). CОЫМОЭЫТХОăХЮТăЬ-au bazat pe exsicatele herborizate existente la acel ЦШЦОЧЭăьЧăСОЫЛКЫЮХăGЫНТЧii Botanice Regale Kew (http://apps.kew.org/herbcat/). Aceste exsicate КЮă ПШЬЭă МШХОМЭКЭОă НОă МЭЫОă EЫЧОЬЭă EНаКЫНă GКХЩТЧ,ă naturalist sudafrican,ă ьЧă МТЧЬЭОКă МЫЮТКă Кă ПШЬЭă НОЧЮЦТЭăЬЩОМТКăKniphofia galpinii (Gunn, Mary; Codd, L. E. W., 1981). Aceasta este origТЧКЫăНТЧă AПЫТМКă НОă SЮН,ă ПТТЧНă ЫЬЩсЧНТЭă ьЧă ЩЫШЯТЧМТТХОă KаКă ГЮХЮă - NКЭКХă Тă SаКгТХКЧНă (http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/; CШШНăL.ăE.,ă2005)ă(ПТР.ă1).ăEЬЭОăТЧМХЮЬăьЧăХТЬЭКăЬЩОМТТХШЫăЬЮНă africane cu risc ЦТМă НОă КЦОЧТЧКЫОă (LC)ă ОХКЛШЫКЭă НОă МЭЫОă SANBIă (ă RОНă ХТЬЭă ШПă КПЫТМКЧă ЩХКЧЭЬ,ă Species list: Kniphofia, 2009) Figura 1. AЫОКlЮl НО ЫăЬpсЧНТЫО lК șЧТpСШПТК РКlpТЧТТ BКФОЫ PШгТТКăЭКбШЧШЦТМă(APG, 2016): REGN: Plantae FILUMUL: Angiospermae CLASA Liliopsida(Monocotyledonatae) ORDIN: Asparagales Link FAMILIE: Asphodelaceae Dumort. SUBFAMILIE: Asphodeloideae Burnett. 493 GEN: Kniphofia Moench SPECIA : Kniphofia galpinii Baker Kniphofia galpinii Baker (fig. 2), 1896, Fl. Cap. 6: 281; Berger, 1908, Pflanzenr. 4, 38: 56; Codd, 1968, Bothalia 9: 466. Plante erbacee, de 80-100ăМЦăьЧХТЦО.ăLКăЛКгКăЭТУОХШЫăПХШЫКХОăНОгЯШХЭăЫШгОЭОăНОă8-12 frunze, ЯОЫгТăЦКЭО,ăМЮăЧОЫЯЮЫТăЩЫШОЦТЧОЧЭО,ăЭЫТЮЧРСТЮХКЫОăьЧăЬОМТЮЧОăЭЫКЧЬЯОЫЬКХ,ăНОă10-130ăМЦăХЮЧРТЦОăТă 1-1,5ăМЦăХТЦО,ăЫОМЮЫЛКЭО.ăMКЫРТЧОКăПЫЮЧгОТăТăМКЫОЧКăьЧЭЫОРТăЬКЮăПТЧăНТЧКЭОăЬЩЫОăЯсЫП.ăSМКЩТăНОă80- 100ăМЦ,ăЦКТăУШЬăНОăТЧПХШЫОЬМОЧăЩЫОгОЧЭОăЦКТăЦЮХЭОăЛЫКМЭООăХТЩЬТЭОăНОăПХШЫТ.ăIЧПХШЫОЬМОЧОăЫКМОЦОă ЬЮЛРХШЛЮХШКЬОăЩсЧăХКăШЯШТНО,ăЩТЫКЦТНКХО,ăНОЧЬО,ă10-15ăМЦăХЮЧРТЦОăТă5-6ăМЦăХТЦО,ăМЮăКЩОбăьЧă ПШЫЦă НОă МШКЦă ПШЫЦКЭă НТЧă ЛЫКМЭОО.ă BЫКМЭООă ХТnear-lanceolate, acuminate, 1-1,2 cm lungime, 2-3 ЦЦăХТЦО.ăBЮЭШЧТăПХШЫКХТăНОăМЮХШКЫОăЫШЮ-ШЫКЧУ.ăFХШЫТăЩОНТМОХКЭОă,ăРКХЛОЧОăЩсЧăХКăШЫКЧУ.ăPОНТМОХТăНОă 2-3ăЦЦăьЧăПКгКăНОăьЧПХШЫТЫО,ăХКăПЫЮМЭТПТМКЫОăЬОăКХЮЧРОЭОăЩсЧăХКă4-5 mm. Perigon subcilindric de 3- 3,5 МЦăХЮЧРТЦО,ă3ăЦЦăХТЦОăХКăЛКгăХЫРТЧНЮ-ЬОăЭЫОЩЭКЭăЩсЧăХКă4ăЦЦăХКăРЮЫ,ăХШЛТăШЯКТ,ăЫШЭЮЧУТТ,ă НОă2ăЦЦăХЮЧРТЦО,ăНЫОЩТ.ăSЭКЦТЧОăЩЮТЧăОбЬОЫЭОăьЧăКЧЭОг,ăЦКТăЭсЫгТЮăЬОăЫОЭЫКР.ăSЭТХОăЬЮЛОРКХОăМЮă staminele. Fructe ovoide, de 5-6 mm lungime. Bioecologia. PeЫОЧ,ăV-VI,ăСОЦТМЫТЩЭШПТЭ,ăбОЫШЦОгШПТХ. Figura 2. FКгК НО ьЧПlШЫТЫО lК șЧТpСШПТК РКlpТЧТТ BКФОЫ ьЧ МШlОМТК НО plКЧЭО ШЫЧКЦОЧЭКlО pОЫОЧО К GBN(I) ÎЧă НОМЮЫЬЮХă КЧТХШЫă 2009-2018, au fost efectuat studiul ciclului ontogenetic. Ciclul vital al speciei iЧМХЮЬОă ьЧă ЬЭЮНТЮă ЩШКЭОă ПТă ЩКЫЭКУКЭă ьЧă ЮЫЦЭШКЫОХОă ОЭКЩОă ШЧЭШРОЧОЭТМО:ă ХКЭОЧЭ,ă ЩХКЧЭЮХ,ă УЮЯОЧТХ,ăЯТЫРТЧКХăТăРОЧОЫКЭТЯă(ЭКЛ.ă1).ă SОЦТЧОХОă ЦШЛТХТгКЭОă ЩЫТЧă ТЧЭОЫЦОНТЮХă Delectus seminum КЮă ПШЬЭă ЬОЦЧКЭОă ьЧă МШЧНТТТă НОă ЭОЫОЧăЩЫШЭОУКЭ,ăьЧăКЩЫТХТОă2009.ăPХКЧЭЮХОХОăьЧМОЩăЬăЬОăНОгЯШХЭОăХКă8-10ăгТХОăНЮЩăЬОЦЧКЭ.ăGОЫЦТЧКЫОКă 494 ОЬЭОăНОăЭТЩăОЩТРОЮ.ăMКТăьЧЭсТăЬОăНОгЯШХЭăЫКНТМОХК,ăЦКТăЭсЫгТЮăЬОăКХЮЧРОЭОăСТЩШМШЭТХЮХăТăЮХЭОЫТШЫăЬОă ЦЫОЭОăМШЭТХОНШЧЮХă(ПТР.ă3).ăAМОКЬЭăПКгăНЮЫОКгăьЧăЦОНТЮă20-23 de zile. A B Figura 3. A-GОЫЦТЧКЫОК ЬОЦТЧОlШЫ НО șЧТpСШПТК РКlpТЧТТ BКФОЫ; B-ЬТЬЭОЦЮl ЫКНТМЮlКЫ ьЧ ОЭКpК ШЧЭШРОЧОЭТМă УЮvОЧТlă ÎЧăМКНЫЮХăЫОКХТгЫТТăЩЫШРЫКЦЮХЮТăШЧЭШРОЧОЭТМ,ăОЭКЩКăЩХКЧЭЮХăОЬЭОăЫОЩЫОгОЧЭКЭăНОăЩХЧЭЮХООăНОă 5-8ăМЦăМЮăМШЭТХОНШЧЮХăКХЮЧРТЭăТăКМЮЦТЧКЭ,ăШăПЫЮЧгЮХТăЬТЦЩХăОЧгТПШЫЦ.ăPКЫЭОКăЬЮЛЭОЫКЧăЩЫОгТЧЭă ЫНМТЧКăЩЫТЧМТЩКХăЬХКЛăЫКЦТПТМКЭăНОă1-2 cm lungime. Tabelul 1. Ciclul ontogenetic la Kniphofia galpinii Baker, cЮlЭТvКЭă ьЧ GBN (I) LATEN GENERATIV 1 PREGENERATIV (Prg) T (L) (G) G G PХКЧtuХ JuЯОЧТХ VТЫРТЧТХ VТЫРТЧКХă1 2 timpurie mijlocie (pl) (j) (v) (V1) (Gt) (Gm) Anul 2008 2009 2010-2011 2012-2013 2014-2016 2017-2018 1 - perioadele ontogenetice; 2 - Etapele ontogenetice. ÎЧăЬЭКЫОКăУЮЯОЧТХăЫШгОЭКăКЫОă15-20ăМЦăТЧăНТКЦОЭЫЮ.ăSТЬЭОЦЮХăЫКНТМЮХКЫăОЬЭОăЛТЧОăНОгЯШХЭКЭăşТă are o lungime de cca 5-6ă МЦ.ă ÎЧă КМОКЬЭă ОЭКЩă ОбОЦЩХКЫОХОă КЮă ПШЬЭă ЭЫКЧЬПОЫКЭОă ьЧă ЭОЫОЧă НОЬМСТЬă (ШМЭШЦЛЫТОă2010).ăÎЧăОЭКЩКăЯТЫРТЧКХăЩХКЧЭКăЩЫОгТЧЭăШăЫШгОЭăНТЧă6-8ăПЫЮЧгОăМЮăьЧХТЦОКăНОă25-45 МЦ.ă PКЫЭОКă ЬЮЛЭОЫКЧă ОЯШХЮОКгă ьЧЭЫ-ЮЧă ЫТгШЦă ЬМЮЫЭ,ă МЮă ЦЮХЭОă ЫНМТЧТă ХКЭОЫКХО,ă НТЧă МКЫОă ЬОă ЩШЭă НОгЯШХЭКă ХЬЭКЫТă ЭТЧОЫТă ьЧă УЮЫЮХă ЩХКЧЭОТă ЦКЦă (ЯТЫРТЧТХă 1).ă ÎЧă МШЧНТТТă НОă МЮХЭЮЫ,ă ЩОЫТШКНКă prОРОЧОЫКЭТЯăНЮЫОКгăМТЫМКă8ăКЧТ.ăÎЧМОЩсЧНăМЮăКХă9-ХОКăКЧăНОăЯОРОЭКТОă(К.ă2017),ăОбОЦЩХКЫОХОăЦКТă НОгЯШХЭКЭОăЭЫОМăьЧăЩОЫТШКНКăРОЧОЫКЭТЯ.ă ÎЧă ЮЫЦЭШЫТТă КЧТă КЮă ПШЬЭă ЮЫЦЫТЭОă Тă ПТбКЭОă ПКгОХОă ЫТЭЦЮХЮТă ЬОгШЧТОЫă НОă НОгЯШХЭКЫОă (FТР.ă 4).ă IЧТТОЫОКăЩОЫТШКНОТăНОăЯОРОЭКЫОăХКăМЫТЧЮХăКПЫТМКЧăьЧМОЩОăШНКЭăМЮăТЧЬЭКЮЫКЫОКăЭОЦЩОЫКЭЮЫТХШЫăЩШгТЭТЯОă şТă КЧЮЦОă ьЧă Кă II-Кă НОМКНă Кă ХЮЧТТă ЦКЫЭТО.ă PОЫТШКНКă РОЧОЫКЭТЯă НОă НОгЯШХЭКЫОă ьЧМОЩОă МЮă ПКгКă НОă ЛЮЭШЧТгКЫО,ăМОăНОЛЮЭОКгăХКăЦТУХШМЮХăХЮЧТТăЦКТăТăМЮЩЫТЧНОăьЧăЦОНТЮă15ăгТХО.ăÎЧПХШЫТЫОКăЫОЩЫОгТЧЭăШă ПКгăТЦЩШЫЭКЧЭăьЧăМТМХЮХăЯТЭКХăКХăФЧТПШПТТХШЫ,ăНОШКЫОМОăМШЧЬЭТЭЮОăЮЧЮХăНТЧăМОХОăЦКТăТЦЩШЫЭКЧЭОăМЫТЭОЫТТă НОăКЩЫОМТОЫОăКăНОМШЫКЭТЯТЭТТăКХăКМОЬЭШЫăЬЩОМТТ.ăÎЧМОЩЮЭЮХăПКгОТăНОăьЧПХШЫТЫОăЬОăМШЧЬТНОЫăНОЬМСТНОЫОКă primei flori din cadrul infloreЬМОЧОТ.ăLКăKniphofia galpinii КМОКЬЭăПКгăКăПШЬЭăьЧЫОРТЬЭЫКЭăЩОЧЭЫЮă 495 ЩЫТЦКă НКЭă ьЧă 2017ă Тă МКЫОă НЮЫОКг,ă ьЧă ЦОНТЮ,ă 15-20ă НОă гТХО.ă OНКЭă МЮă ЩЫШНЮМОЫОКă ЩШХОЧТгЫТТă şТă ofilirea primelor flori, plantele
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