Field Notes on the Giant Antpitta Grallaria Gigantea
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Biogeographic Regions and Events of Isolation and Diversification of the Endemic Biota of the Tropical Andes
Biogeographic regions and events of isolation and diversification of the endemic biota of the tropical Andes Nicolas A. Hazzia,b,1, Juan Sebastián Morenob, Carolina Ortiz-Movliavb,c, and Rubén Darío Palaciob,d aDepartment of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052; bFundación Ecotonos, Cali 76001000, Colombia; cFaculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; and dNicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710 Edited by Nils Chr. Stenseth, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, and approved June 26, 2018 (received for review March 5, 2018) Understanding the spatial and temporal evolution of biota in the Eguiarte (14) hypothesized that the advance of ice sheets and tropicalAndesisamajorchallenge, given the region’s topographic páramo ecosystems during glacial maxima could have contracted complexity and high beta diversity. We used a network approach to humid montane species into refugia. These ideas notwithstanding, find biogeographic regions (bioregions) based on high-resolution spe- currently there is general agreement on the historical geography of cies distribution models for 151 endemic bird taxa. Then, we used dated the Andes and the origin of its biota, but it is the spatial and molecular phylogenies of 14 genera to reconstruct the area history temporal evolution within the region that has remained less clear through a sequence of allopatric speciation processes. We identified (12, 15). This task can be approached with the identification of 15 biogeographical regions and found 26 events of isolation and diver- areas that are characterized by distinct assemblages of living species, sification within their boundaries that are independently confirmed i.e., biogeographical regions (16). -
Ecuador Birding and Photography Adventure
Ecuador Birding and Photography Adventure Tour Leaders: Edison Buenaño, Brian Zwiebel, and Rob Ripma November 28-December 12, 2021 757 Howe Drive, Carmel, IN 46032 | 317-324-8505 [email protected] | www.SabrewingNatureTours.com Join Sabrewing owners Rob Ripma and Brian Zwiebel on an exciting Ecuadorian adventure. We have long talked about running a tour with both Rob and Brian on the same trip as guides with Rob leading the birders and Brian leading the photographers. This allows couples or friends that have slightly different inter- ests to enjoy the same trip at the same lodges while still doing what they most enjoy. On this tour, we will visit both slopes of the Andes as well as dropping into the Amazon to visit the phenomenal Napo Wildlife Center. Whether you are a birder or a bird photographer, this trip is for you! Itinerary Overview: November 28: Arrival and Transfer to Hotel in Quito November 29: Zuro Loma and Yanacocha Reserve – Transfer to Septimo Paraiso November 30: Refugio de la Paz December 1: Santa Rosa Reserve and Milpe bird Sanctuary December 2: Mashpi and Oilbird Caves – Transfer to Guango Lodge December 3: Guango Lodge and Elfin Forest December 4: Birding/Photo at Guango Lodge and Transfer to Cabañas San Isidro December 5: Full Day at Cabañas San Isidro December 6: Loreto Road and Transfer to Wildsumaco December 7: Full Day at Wildsumaco December 8: Morning at Wildsumaco and Transfer with Birding to Napo Wildlife Center December 9-11: Napo Wildlife Center December 12: Return to Coca, Flight to Quito, Departarture from Quito on Overnight Flight Detailed Itinerary: November 28: Arrival and Transfer to Hotel in Quito -Overnight: San Jose de Puembo Garden Hotel November 29: Zuro Loma and Yanacocha Reserve - Transfer to Septimo Paraiso Whole Group: After breakfast, we will drive to the Zuro Loma. -
ECUADOR: the Andes Introtour and High Andes Extension 10Th- 19Th November 2019
Tropical Birding - Trip Report Ecuador: The Andes Introtour, November 2019 A Tropical Birding SET DEPARTURE tour ECUADOR: The Andes Introtour and High Andes Extension th th 10 - 19 November 2019 TOUR LEADER: Jose Illanes Report and photos by Jose Illanes Andean Condor from Antisana National Park This is one Tropical Birding’s most popular tours and I have guided it numerous times. It’s always fun and offers so many memorable birds. Ecuador is a wonderful country to visit with beautiful landscapes, rich culture, and many friendly people that you will meet along the way. Some of the highlights picked by the group were Andean Condor, White-throated Screech-Owl, Giant Antpitta, Jameson’s Snipe, Giant Hummingbird, Black-tipped Cotinga, Sword-billed Hummingbird, Club-winged Manakin, Lyre-tailed Nightjar, Lanceolated Monklet, Flame-faced Tanager, Toucan Barbet, Violet-tailed Sylph, Undulated Antpitta, Andean Gull, Blue-black Grassquit, and the attractive Blue-winged Mountain-Tanager. Our total species count on the trip (including the extension) was around 368 seen and 31 heard only. www.tropicalbirding.com +1-409-515-9110 [email protected] p.1 Tropical Birding - Trip Report Ecuador: The Andes Introtour, November 2019 Torrent Duck at Guango Lodge on the extension November 11: After having arrived in Quito the night before, we had our first birding this morning in the Yanacocha Reserve owned by the Jocotoco Foundation, which is not that far from Ecuador’s capital. Our first stop was along the entrance road near a water pumping station, where we started out by seeing Streak- throated Bush-Tyrant, Brown-backed Chat-Tyrant, Cinereous Conebill, White-throated Tyrannulet, a very responsive Superciliaried Hemispingus, Black-crested Warbler, and the striking Crimson-mantled Woodpecker. -
Birding in Southern Ecuador February 11 – 27, 2016 TRIP REPORT Folks
Mass Audubon’s Natural History Travel and Joppa Flats Education Center Birding in Southern Ecuador February 11 – 27, 2016 TRIP REPORT Folks, Thank you for participating in our amazing adventure to the wilds of Southern Ecuador. The vistas were amazing, the lodges were varied and delightful, the roads were interesting— thank goodness for Jaime, and the birds were fabulous. With the help of our superb guide Jose Illanes, the group managed to amass a total of 539 species of birds (plus 3 additional subspecies). Everyone helped in finding birds. You all were a delight to travel with, of course, helpful to the leaders and to each other. This was a real team effort. You folks are great. I have included your top birds, memorable experiences, location summaries, and the triplist in this document. I hope it brings back pleasant memories. Hope to see you all soon. Dave David M. Larson, Ph.D. Science and Education Coordinator Mass Audubon’s Joppa Flats Education Center Newburyport, MA 01950 Top Birds: 1. Jocotoco Antpitta 2-3. Solitary Eagle and Orange-throated Tanager (tied) 4-7. Horned Screamer, Long-wattled Umbrellabird, Rainbow Starfrontlet, Torrent Duck (tied) 8-15. Striped Owl, Band-winged Nightjar, Little Sunangel, Lanceolated Monklet, Paradise Tanager, Fasciated Wren, Tawny Antpitta, Giant Conebill (tied) Honorable mention to a host of other birds, bird groups, and etc. Memorable Experiences: 1. Watching the diving display and hearing the vocalizations of Purple-collared Woodstars and all of the antics, colors, and sounds of hummers. 2. Learning and recognizing so many vocalizations. 3. Experiencing the richness of deep and varied colors and abundance of birds. -
Creación De Un Manual Interpretativo Para El Buen
CARRERA ADMINISTRACIÓN TURÍSTICA Y HOTELERA CREACIÓN DE UN MANUAL INTERPRETATIVO SOBRE EL BUEN AVISTAMIENTO DE AVES EN LA RESERVA YANACOCHA UBICADA EN LA PARROQUIA DE NONO CANTÓN QUITO PROVINCIA PICHINCHA CON EL PROPÓSITO DE DAR A CONOCER EL AVITURISMO Proyecto de investigación previo a la obtención de título de tecnólogo en Administración Turística y Hotelera Autora: Amanda Estefania Tituaña Espinosa Tutor: Ing. Ximena Almeida Quito, Diciembre 2018 i Declaratoria Declaro que la investigación es absolutamente original, autentica, personal, que se han citado las fuentes correspondientes y en su ejecución se respetaron las disposiciones legales que protegen los derechos de autor vigentes. Las ideas, doctrinas resultados y conclusiones a los que he llegado son de mi absoluta responsabilidad. Amanda Estefania Tituaña Espinosa CC 1750804161 CREACIÓN DE UN MANUAL INTERPRETATIVO SOBRE EL BUEN AVISTAMIENTO DE AVES EN LA RESERVA YANACOCHA UBICADA EN LA PARROQUIA DE NONO CANTON QUITO PROVINCIA PICHINCHA CON EL PROPOSITO DE DAR A CONOCER EL AVITURISMO ii Licencia De Uso No Comercial Yo, Amanda Estefania Tituaña Espinosa portadora de la cedula de ciudadanía asignada Con el No. 175080416-1 de conformidad con lo establecido en el Artículo 110 del Código de Economía Social de los Conocimientos, la Creación y la Innovación (INGENIOS) que dice: “En el caso de las obras creadas en centros educativos,universidades,escuelas politécnicas, institutos superiores tecnicos,tecnólogos, pedagógicos, de arte y los conservatorios superiores , e institutos públicos de investigación como resultado de su actividad académica o de investigación tales como trabajos de titulación, proyectos de investigación o innovación, articulo académico , u otros análogos , sin perjuicio de que pueda existir relación de dependencia , la titularidad de los derechos patrimoniales corresponderá a los autores . -
First Report of the Nest and Young of the Variegated Antpitta (Grailaria
SHORT COMMUNICATIONS 499 SICK, H. 1985. Ornitologia Brasiliense, 2 ~01s. Editora Universidade de Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil. SKUTCH, A. F. 1954. Life histories of Central American birds. Pacific Coast Avifauna 3 1: l-448. EDWIN 0. WILLIS, Dept. Zoologia, Univ. Estadual Paulista, 13.500 Rio Clara, Sao’ Paulo, Brazil. Received13 Aug. 1986, acceptedI I Feb. 1987. Wilson Bull., 99(3), 1987, pp. 499-500 First report of the nest and young of the Variegated Antpitta (Grallaria varia).-While conducting a study on microhabitat use by birds, I found a nest with two young of the Variegated Antpitta (Grulluria varia) 80 km north of Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil (225’ S,’ 595O’ W).’ I am unable to find any previously published description of the nest and young of this species. The nest was in upland forest about 25 m from an extensive area of 10-15- month-old second-growth, which had resulted from the clearing of the forest for cattle ranching. After the trees were cut, however, the area was abandoned. After the cutting, human activity had dropped to a minimum, except for an infrequently used trail that passed within 1 m of the nest. The nest was discovered 19 June 1984 by my field assistant, Jairo Miranda Lopes, on an upright <2-m rotting stump 40-50 cm in diameter. The nest, which was about 1.5 m above the ground, was a shallow cup 20 cm in diameter, lined with a thick mat of very small brown twigs and rootlets, and well concealed by a palm frond. The nest contained two young (eyes open, covered in black down, and spotted with brown juvenal feathers). -
Giant Antpitta Grallaria Gigantea
COTINGA 2 Giant Antpitta Giant Antpitta Grallaria gigantea N. Krabbe, G. DeSmet, P, Greenfield, M, Jácome, J. C. Matheus and F. Sornoza M. Introduction dawn, dusk, and during a rainy afternoon. One The Giant Antpitta inhabits the Andean slopes male was collected after being tape-recorded in Ecuador and southernmost Colombia. It (Krabbe). They were heard in a ravine, on the had only been found at a few sites where habi steep slopes that were covered with wet mossy tat destruction was known to be advanced, and forest, and were observed 1–3 m above the the latest verified record of the species dated ground in patches of mossy understorey, in from 1958. All three subspecies, namely cluding bamboo. The stomach contained an 6.5 gigantea, lehmanni and hylodroma were there cm long, strongly sclerotized, platyform, black- fore treated as globally threatened by Collar and-yellow-striped scarabaeid beetle larva. On et al.1, who published all available informa 3 December 1993 and 12 February 1994 tion on the species. Since then data on its song, Matheus observed a Giant Antpitta crossing habitat and diet have been obtained. The new a track at 1,320 m, 3.1 km south-east of Mindo records, all from Ecuador, are detailed below. (0°04'S 78°45'W), in the c.100 m wide plain of North-western slope of Volcán Pichincha Rio Mindo. Both slopes were covered by wet, (hylodroma): mossy forest, but the plain had only patches In early November 1991 Greenfield tape-re of secondary, though still somewhat moss-cov corded what he suspected to be Giant ered, vegetation. -
Description of the Nest, Egg and Nestling of Watkins's Antpitta
Cotinga 21 Description of the nest, egg and nestling of Watkins’s Antpitta Grallaria watkinsi Paul R. Martin and Robert C. Dobbs Cotinga 21 (2004): 35–37 Describimos el nido, huevos y pichón de la Gralaria de Watkins Grallaria watkinsi en base a observaciones hechas cerca de Celica, Loja, Ecuador, a principios de marzo de 2000. El nido, único entre los previamente descriptos para gralarias, estaba localizado relativamente alto en un árbol, apoyado en ramas pequeñas, y estaba compuesto principalmente de palitos. El huevo era azul verdoso pálido y sin marcas, similar a los huevos conocidos de otras especies de Grallaria. Como ya fuera mencionado para otros pichones del género, la G. watkinsi de 1–2 días de edad tenía el pico, comisura e interior de la boca anaranjado brillantes, pero resultó única en tener también la cloaca de ese color. Watkins’s Antpitta Grallaria watkinsi is a poorly cup depth was 5 cm and the external nest height known species largely restricted to the Tumbesian (i.e. bottom of the nest proper to the rim of the cup) region of south-west Ecuador and north-west Peru8, was 10 cm, with an additional 7 cm of woody where it inhabits tropical deciduous forest at 600– material hanging below. 2,000 m1,6. Although G. watkinsi was formerly considered a subspecies of Chestnut-crowned Egg description Antpitta G. ruficapilla, the two are vocally distinct5,6 The unhatched egg measured 30.09 x 25.33 mm and largely segregated by habitat and elevation8. and had a short subelliptical shape. Its mass was G. -
Some New Information on the Distribution of Venezuelan Birds
Some new information on the distribution of Venezuelan birds Peter Boesman Como resultado de la observación de aves en el campo durante los ultimos 10 años, se presenta un resumen de nuevos datos de distribución de aves en Venezuela. Los datos están organizados por area (20 en total), la mayoria de las areas son poco conocidas. Las observaciones de mayor importancia se detallan en ‘appendix 1’. En Falcón, la Serranía de San Luis tiene muchas más especies tipicas de las alturas sub-tropicales de la Cordillera de la Costa que previamente conocido, las serranias en el noreste de Falcón, de alturas bajas, tienen una avifauna abundante de especies de selva tropical, y areas de agua dulce en esta misma parte de Falcón y el norte de Carabobo son un refugio para muchas especies acuaticas poco conocidas. Los Andes en Lara y Trujillo no han sido estudiados tan profundamente como en Mérida, y por consecuencia se han descubierto importantes extensiones en la distribución de varias especies. En Mérida, se documenta indicaciones de una ruta migratoria muy importante a través del Valle del Río Santo Domingo. Las alturas bajas del Parque Nacional Tamá en Táchira (en el valle de los ríos Frio y Negro) y las areas adjacentes en Apure merecen mayor investigación en vista de algunas observaciones sorprendentes. Igualmente, los descubrimientos en islas del Río Orinoco fueron inesperados. La selva del Río Caura en el norte de Bolívar alberga especies previamente conocidas solamente del estado de Amazonas, y la región del Río Grande en el noreste de Bolívar tiene una avifauna tipicamente Guyanesa. -
Disentangling Leucocytozoon Parasite Diversity in the Neotropics Descriptions of Two New Species and Shortcomings of Molecular
IJP: Parasites and Wildlife 9 (2019) 159–173 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect IJP: Parasites and Wildlife journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijppaw Disentangling Leucocytozoon parasite diversity in the neotropics: T Descriptions of two new species and shortcomings of molecular diagnostics for leucocytozoids ∗ Ingrid A. Lottaa, , Gediminas Valkiūnasb, M. Andreína Pachecoc, Ananías A. Escalantec, ∗∗ Sandra Rocío Hernándeza,d, Nubia E. Mattaa, a Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá- Facultad de Ciencias - Departamento de Biología - Grupo de Investigación Caracterización Genética e Inmunología, Carrera 30 No. 45-03, Bogotá, 111321, Colombia b Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos 2, Vilnius-21, LT, 08412, Lithuania c Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine (iGEM), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA d Red de Biología y Conservación de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Avian communities from South America harbor an extraordinary diversity of Leucocytozoon species Andean mountains (Haemosporida, Leucocytozoidae). Here, of 890 birds sampled, 10 (1.2%) were infected with Leucocytozoon Birds parasites. Among them, two new species were discovered and described. Leucocytozoon grallariae sp. nov. and Co-infection Leucocytozoon neotropicalis sp. nov. were found in non-migratory highland passeriforms belonging to the New species Grallaridae and Cotingidae, respectively. They both possess gametocytes in fusiform host cells. However, due to Cotingidae combining microscopic examination and molecular detection, it was revealed that these parasites were present Grallaridae Passeriforms in co-infections with other Leucocytozoon species, which gametocytes develop in roundish host cells, therefore exhibiting two highly distant parasite lineages isolated from the same samples. Remarkably, the lineages ob- tained by cloning the mtDNA genomes were not captured by the classic nested PCR, which amplifies a short fragment of cytochrome b gene. -
Chapter 12 Other Tropical Ecosystems: from the Mountains to the Rivers to the Sea
Chapter 12 Other Tropical Ecosystems: From the Mountains to the Rivers to the Sea FIGURE 12-1 Vegetation belts in the Cordillera Oriental (Colombia) shown schematically. PowerPoint Tips (Refer to the Microsoft Help feature for specific questions about PowerPoint. Copyright The Princeton University Press. Permission required for reproduction or display. PLATE 12-1 Clouds are beginning to cover this Ecuadorian cloud forest as afternoon approaches. PLATE 12-2 This cloud forest in Venezuela contains numerous conifers (foreground). The fog has fully engulfed the forest. PLATE 12-3 Tree ferns are common in cloud forests. PLATE 12-4 Cloud forests have an abundance of epiphytes, as is evident in this image. PLATE 12-5 ELFIN-WOODS WARBLER PLATE 12-6 SPECTACLED BEAR PLATE 12-7 GRASS-GREEN TANAGER PLATE 12-9 ANDEAN COCK-OF-THE-ROCK PLATE 12-8 GIANT ANTPITTA PLATE 12-10 GOLDEN TOAD FIGURE 12-2 Percentages and numbers of rapidly declining species in amphibian families (with at least one rapidly declining species), broken into groups reflecting the dominant cause of rapid decline: overexploitation, habitat loss, or enigmatic decline. FIGURE 12-3 Predicted distribution of the fundamental niche of Batrachochytrium dendro-batidis. Darker regions are those where B. dendrobatidis niche presence was predicted by more models (i.e., overlap index 1 means that 10 out of 10 models predicted presence; overlap index 0 means that none of the 10 models did). (a) (b) PLATE 12-11 The Andes Mountains are extensive and active and include numerous snow-capped peaks. The top image shows terraced plots and a village. -
On the Origin and Evolution of Nest Building by Passerine Birds’
T H E C 0 N D 0 R r : : ,‘ “; i‘ . .. \ :i A JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY ,I : Volume 99 Number 2 ’ I _ pg$$ij ,- The Condor 99~253-270 D The Cooper Ornithological Society 1997 ON THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF NEST BUILDING BY PASSERINE BIRDS’ NICHOLAS E. COLLIAS Departmentof Biology, Universityof California, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1606 Abstract. The object of this review is to relate nest-buildingbehavior to the origin and early evolution of passerinebirds (Order Passeriformes).I present evidence for the hypoth- esis that the combinationof small body size and the ability to place a constructednest where the bird chooses,helped make possiblea vast amountof adaptiveradiation. A great diversity of potential habitats especially accessibleto small birds was created in the late Tertiary by global climatic changes and by the continuing great evolutionary expansion of flowering plants and insects.Cavity or hole nests(in ground or tree), open-cupnests (outside of holes), and domed nests (with a constructedroof) were all present very early in evolution of the Passeriformes,as indicated by the presenceof all three of these basic nest types among the most primitive families of living passerinebirds. Secondary specializationsof these basic nest types are illustratedin the largest and most successfulfamilies of suboscinebirds. Nest site and nest form and structureoften help characterizethe genus, as is exemplified in the suboscinesby the ovenbirds(Furnariidae), a large family that builds among the most diverse nests of any family of birds. The domed nest is much more common among passerinesthan in non-passerines,and it is especially frequent among the very smallestpasserine birds the world over.