Marcusenius Wamuinii (Teleostei: Mormyridae), a New Elephantfish from the Mangroves National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters/IEF-1090/pp. 1-15 Published 15 May 2019 LSID: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A3DEE0DF-63B0-4A4D-9582-808B828F1FD5 DOI: http://doi.org/10.23788/IEF-1090

Marcusenius wamuinii (Teleostei: Mormyridae), a new elephantfish from the Mangroves National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Eva Decru*, John P. Sullivan** and Emmanuel Vreven*

Marcusenius wamuinii, a new large-scaled Marcusenius species, is described from the Mangroves National Park (MNP), a protected area situated at the mouth of the Lower Congo basin and its surroundings in the DR Congo. It can be distinguished from all its congeners based on the following unique combination of characteristics: 8 circumpeduncular scales, 27-31 anal-fin rays, 22-25 dorsal-fin rays, 19-22 scales between dorsal and anal fin, 46-53 lateral line scales, and a slender caudal peduncle (depth 4.4-5.9 % SL). Its status as a distinct species is ad- ditionally confirmed by genetic data from the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. This is the first new fish species discovered in the MNP, highlighting the importance of freshwater conservation in this area in which the fish fauna is still poorly known.

Marcusenius wamuinii, une nouvelle espèce de Marcusenius à grandes écailles est décrite du Parc Marin des Mangroves (PMM), une zone protégée située dans l’embouchure du Bas Congo et ses environs en RD Congo. Elle se distingue de tous ses congénères sur la base de la combinaison unique des caractères suivants : 8 écailles circumpédonculaires, 27-31 rayons à la nageoire anale, 22-25 rayons à la nageoire dorsale, 19-22 écailles entre les nageoires dorsale et anale, 46-53 écailles en ligne latérale et un pédoncule caudal mince (hauteur 4.4-5.9 % SL). Son statut d’espèce distincte est également confirmé à base de résultats génétiques sur le gène mitochondrial cytochrome b. Ceci est la première nouvelle espèce de poisson découverte dans le PMM, soulignant l’importance de la conservation des eaux douces dans cette Zone, dont la faune de poissons est encore largement méconnue.

Introduction electrolocation and intraspecific communication (Turner et al., 1999; Baker et al., 2013; Hoffmann Fishes of the family Mormyridae are endemic et al., 2013). Mormyridae are diverse morpho- to African freshwaters, notable for their ability logically, having a range of body forms from to generate weak electric fields used for spatial elongated to deep and laterally compressed, and

* Royal Museum for Central Africa, Section Vertebrates, Ichthyology, Leuvensesteenweg 13, B-3080 Tervuren, Belgium, and KU Leuven, Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. E-mails: [email protected] (ED, corresponding author), [email protected] (EV) ** Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, New York, USA. E-mail: [email protected] (JPS)

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Received 30 April 2018 Revised 28 August 2018 Accepted 5 March 2019

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