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Lone Star Chemistry Soluxons

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Lone Star Chemistry Soluxons Lone Star Chemistry Soluons Lone Star Chemistry Soluons iBook: hps://itunes.apple.com/us/book/lone-star-chemistry-soluons/id635036317?mt=11 Abstract Calling all nave Texans and those who got here as fast as you could! A notable bull rider once said, "It ain't braggin', if it's true!" This class explores the facts, ficon, and folklore of Texas as they relate to the study of chemistry. The stories imparted serve to make chemistry engaging and you'll get to leave with all the bragging rights that make Texas and Texans extraordinary. We do get to have our cake and eat it, too! What Startd in Texas # Has Changed te World# Part I Emeritus College Spring 2015 Diana Mason, PhD, ACSF (rered) Professor Emeritus, Department of Chemistry University of North Texas April 14, 2015 IntroducAon • Interests – Research – Chemistry Educaon – Teaching – Chemistry – Service – Chemical Demonstraons; Teacher PD • Passion – Texas history – facts, ficon, and folklore Schedule • April 14: Texas on the World’s Stage • April 16: Early Statehood • April 21: 1880s to the Moon (Celebraon!) • April 23: Texas Today Texas Enters the World’s Stage 1. Braggin’ or True? Flags over Texas • Spain • France • 3 Nacogdoches flags • Mexico • Republic of Texas • Republic of Rio Grande • Confederate States of America • United States Spain’s Flag over Texas Flew over Texas from 1529 to 1684 France’s Flag over Texas Flew over Texas 1684 to 1689 Fort Saint Louis Fort St. Louis • French colony established 1685 – Near present-day Arenosa Creek and Matagorda Bay – By explorer Robert Cavelier de la Salle • Intended to sele: mouth of Mississippi River • Colony survived unl 1688 – Inez, Texas later developed here Houston County San Francisco de la Espada • 1689: First mission within the boundaries of Spanish Texas – Between Trinity and Red Rivers near Augusta in Houston County • Spanish authories found remnants of French selement – Fort St. Louis • The mission was reestablished on July 3, 1716, as Nuestro Padre San Francisco de los Tejas – In 1721, renamed Mission San Francisco de los Neches – In 1731, moved to San Antonio Rivers of Texas Nacogdoches Spain’s Flag over Texas Flew over Texas from 1690 to 1821 United States & Territories 1783-1853 East Texas: Caddo Selement • Evidence of selement dates back 10,000 years • Village: Nacogdoche tribe – Existed unl the 19th Century Natchitoches and Nacogdoches • Selement on Sabine • Chief Caddo’s twin boys: Natchitoches and Nacogdoches • Chief was near death and his sons needed to be split • Chief told one to walk three days towards the morning sun and the other to walk three days towards the seng son – About 100 miles between Nine Flags over the City of Nacogdoches Guérrez-Magee Expedion 1812-1813 Dr. James Long Expedion 1819 -1821 Fredonia Rebellion 1826 -1827 Mexico’s Flag over Texas Flew over Texas 1821 through 1836. • 1820: People from the U.S. began moving here • Published the first English-language newspaper • 1832: Bale of Nacogdoches – Brought many local selers together – United to support a federalist form of government – Successful venture drove Mexican military from east Texas Nacogdoches Co. Huntsville seled in 1836. Walker Co. Old Stone Fort Nacogdoches, TX Gateway from the U.S. to the Texas froner. The Republic of Texas Texas was an independent Republic from 1836-1845. First Flag Second Flag: Burnet (1836-1839) August 31, 1933 (originally adopted on January 25, 1839, de facto use between 1879-1933) Proper Vertical Display Republic of Rio Grande • Existed from January 17 – November 6, 1840 • Centered in the city of Laredo, its capital Webb County Only the area around Laredo, Texas is considered to have been under 7 flags! Treaty with the United States Failed (Flag with 28 stars approved July 4, 1846) Texas entered the U.S. December 29, 1845 by Annexation. Texas Honor Day • February 19 • Texas Statehood Day – Joined U.S. on December 29, 1845 – February 19, 1846: Official end of The Republic • Two governments (Republic and State) existed from December 29, 1845 to February 19, 1846 Confederate States of America The First National CSA Battle Flag "The Stars and Bars” "The Southern Cross” (March 4, 1861 - May 1, 1863) (November 1861 - present) Reconstrucon & Today U.S. flag of 1867 13 stripes = 13 original Today’s U.S. Flag. colonies 13 stripes = 13 original colonies 36 stars = 36 states 50 stars = 50 states 2. Braggin’ or True? Mexico’s Flag over Texas Flew over Texas 1821 through 1836. Father of Texas: Moses or Stephen F. Ausn? Moses Ausn Moses received permission from the Mexican government to bring the first selers to Coahuila y Tejas Father of Texas: Stephen F. Ausn • Stephen F. brought the original families now known as the Old Three Hundred. – Seled by summer of 1824 in San Felipe • Ausn's Colony was the first legal selement San Felipe of North American families in Mexican-owned Texas. Main area of Ausn's Colony: bounded by the Lavaca and San Jacinto rivers, the San Antonio Road, and the coast. A small selement, called the "lile colony," was also established along the Colorado River above the San Antonio Road, near the present-day city of Ausn. Texas Honor Day • November 3 • Stephen F. Ausn’s birthday – November 3, 1793 Capital: San Felipe de Ausn Town Hall Original water well. • West bank of the Brazos River • Social, economic, and polical center of the colony • Founding spot of the Texas Rangers (August 1823) – Term "Texas Ranger" did not appear officially in a piece of legislaon unl 1874 • Home to the first post office and one of the earliest newspapers and land offices in Texas • Capital for the provisional government of Texas unl the Convenon of 1836 – Burned in 1836 to prevent the Mexican army from capturing it Selement’s Land Rights • Married heads of families – receive at least one labor (177 acres) if farmed – one league (4,428 acres) if they raised stock • Virtually every man—whether doctor, nsmith, or blacksmith—listed his occupaon as farmer and stock raiser to receive the maximum amount of land at 12.5 cents per acre. Constuon of 1824 Flag AKA the Alamo Flag, 1836 Silver Fredericksburg • In 1831, Stephen F., while trying to recruit more colonists – Published in a promoonal booklet with one of the legends associated with Enchanted Rock of Llano County (north of Fredericksburg). – Enchanted Rock (Llano County) hosts a lost silver mine or the lost El Dorado gold mine. State Precious Metal: Silver • Named the official precious metal by the 80th Legislature in 2007. Texas Honor Day • 3rd Saturday in September • Texas Navy Day – Official Navy of the Republic of Texas – In 1835 the Texian privateer (armed ship), the San Felipe, and a Mexican schooner, the Correo, baled and the Mexican ship forced to uncondional surrender October 2, 1835 (Bale of Gonzales) Texas Honor Day • October 2 • Gonzales Day – October 2, 1835 – Bale of Gonzales: War begins Washington-on-the-Brazos March 2, 1836: Sam Houston’s birthday and signing of the Declaraon of Independence. Washington-on-the-Brazos Texas Honor Day • March 2 • Texas Independence Day – March 2, 1836 3. Braggin’ or True? Battle of the Alamo (San Antonio, Texas) Dr. Diana’s Uncle! William Barret Travis 1809-1836 Commander-in-Chief Alamo fell on March 6, 1836 Santa Anna: 1600-2400 troops Alamo: 189 troops Irish at the Alamo • Renowned Author James Michener once said "The Irish gave Texas its basic character.” • Of the 189 men that fought and died at the Alamo, 29 are known to be from the United Kingdom: England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland. – "...The largest proporon of defenders were foreign immigrants from the United Kingdom.” – 13 were born in Ireland Texas Honor Day • March 6 • Alamo Heroes Day – March 6, 1836: Fall of the Alamo Ireland Kilkenny, Ireland Don’t Mess with Texas! Restaurant Limerick, Ireland Durt Nely’s Bunraty, Ireland and San Antnio Bunray Castle is a large 15th century tower house in County Clare, Ireland. It is located in the center of Bunray village, between Limerick and Ennis, near Shannon Town and its airport. Durty Nelly’s in San Antonio is a piano bar! Alamo Heroes’ Marble Tomb San Fernando Cathedral, San Antonio, Texas Herein lie the remains of David Crocke, James Bowie, and William Barret Travis. Is it possible that Crocke escaped? Plaque in Kentucky David Crocke • U.S. House of Representaves from Tennessee’s 9th District and two years later from the 12th District • “You can go to hell, I’m going to Texas!” • Died, March 6, 1836 at the Fall of the Alamo? David Crocke • Colonel Jose Enrique de la Pena, officer in Santa Anna's army – Crocke was captured with a handful of others and executed. • Susanna Dickinson (several interviews) – Saw Crocke’s body between the chapel and the barracks – Same as the account of Francisco Antonio Ruiz, Mayor of San Antonio • Another account – David Crocke gave Fellow Mason, Santa Anna, the sign of distress and his life was spared. – Family in Alabama aests they have a land deed signed by Crocke in the 1850s, but the signature has never been verified. James Bowie • Born ca. 1796, – Logan County, Kentucky • Land speculator • Rank, Colonel – Bales: • Long Expedion • Bale of Nacogdoches • Bale of Concepciôn • Died, March 6, 1836 at the Fall of the Alamo Spoils of War Sam Houston defeated Santa Anna on April 21, 1836 at San Jacinto aer an 18-minute bale. Fellow Mason, Santa Anna, asked General Sam Houston what could he do to spare his own life? Houston responded that he wanted, TEXAS! Emily West (1815-1891), aka Emily Morgan “The Yellow Rose of Texas” • Emily West: free African-American (mulao) servant – Kidnapped by Santa Anna's army on April 16, 1836 – Forced to accompany the Mexican army to the Bale of San Jacinto.
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