ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF SAN FRANCISCOa View of San Francisco, formerly Yerba Buena, in 1846-7, before the discovery of gold (Library of Congress) Third Edition June 2021 Compiled by Mike Wood, Co-Chairman, Rare Plants Committee California Native Plant Society - Yerba Buena Chapter ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF SAN FRANCISCO FOOTNOTES This Checklist covers the extirpated and extant native and non-native plants reported from natural and naturalistic areas within the City and County of San Francisco. These areas include lands falling under the jurisdiction of the City and County of San Francisco (e.g., the Recreation and Parks Department, the Real Estate Division, the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, the a Department of Public Works, and the San Francisco Unified School District); the National Park Service (e.g., the Golden Gate National Recreation Area and the Presidio Trust); the California Department of Parks and Recreation; the University of California, San Francisco; the University of San Francisco; and privately owned parcels. References and data sources are listed in APPENDIX 1. b FAMILY: Family codes, family names and all genera mentioned in the Checklist are listed in APPENDIX 3. SCIENTIFIC NAME: Scientific names and taxonomy conform to the Jepson Flora Project (JFP, 2021). Taxa in BOLD TYPE are listed as endangered, threatened or rare (federal / state / CNPS). Nomenclature used in Howell, et al. (1958) is UNDERLINED. c Taxa highlighted in GRAY are indigenous to San Francisco, but which are presumed extirpated (i.e., those which have not been reported here since 1980, other than those that have been reintroduced). Extirpated indigenous taxa that have been reintroduced are indicated with "(r)". COMMON NAME: common names conform to JFP (2021), which includes a range of common names for most species; only a single common name is included in the Checklist. An explanation of abbreviations and acronyms can be found inside the back cover. NOTES: Synonyms and misapplied names are shown between square brackets [] and conform to JFP (2021), Hrusa (2006), and/or USDA (2021). Where differing from JFP, botanical nomenclature conforming to Plants of the World Online (POWO, 2019), the source utiliZed by iNaturalist.org, is shown as "pending". Historic Distribution: historic San Francisco occurrences are per Consortium of California Herbaria (CCH), A Flora of San Francisco (Howell, et al., 1958), and the Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants (CNPS, 2021). Historical occurrences are those which predate 1980; dates shown indicate earliest known collection or report. Extant Distribution: extant San Francisco occurrences are based on field notes and personal communications with knowledgeable persons; CCH, Calflora.org, iNaturalist.org (research grade d observations only), and published and unpublished technical reports. Taxa reported from 1980 or later are presumed to be extant. Place names for all historic collections or records are listed for each taxon. Up to 20 place names for all contemporary reports are also listed. See APPENDIX 2 for a complete list of San Francisco place names cited in the Checklist. RARITY STATUS conforms to CNDDB (2020, 2021a, 2021b), CNPS (2021), and USFWS (2021). INVASIVE STATUS conforms to Cal-IPC (2021), SFWMA (2010), CDFA (2009), and USDA (2021). See the list of abbreviations and acronyms inside the back cover for an explanation of rarity and invasive status codes. Butterfly host plants conform to O'Brien (2009, pers. comm.) and Caldwell (2020). For an explanation of the CNPS ranking system, click here → https://www.cnps.org/rare-plants/cnps-rare-plant-ranks e LIFE FORM: conforms to JFP (2021): f = fern or other pteridophyte; h = herb; g = grass or graminoid; gp = geophyte; ss = subshrub; s = shrub; t = tree; v = vine f DURATION: conforms to JFP (2021): a = annual; b = biennial; p = perennial; e = evergreen; d = deciduous HABIT AND ECOLOGY: growth habit, habitats, and elevational ranges conform to JFP (2021). g Wetland Indicator Status (WET) conforms to USACE (2018). Serpentine Affinity Ratings (SERP) conform to Safford and Miller (2020). h # OCCURRENCES: Indicates the number of San Francisco places where each taxon is presumed extant. i FLOWERING PERIOD: conforms to JFP (2021): sp = spring; sum = summer; fall = fall; win = winter; e = early; l = late j ENDEMIC, NATIVE: Endemic and local indigenous status are based on review of Howell, et al. (1958), CCH and JFP (2021). 3rd edition, version dated June 1, 2021 ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF SAN FRANCISCO TABLE OF CONTENTS Footnotes -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------inside front cover Explanation of Abbreviations and AcronyMs --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------inside back cover page Introduction ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 What's New ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 By The NuMbers ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5 The Extirpated Plants of San Francisco ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 Plant Collecting -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16 AcknowledgeMents -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------18 List of Tables Table 1. CoMparison of the 2nd and 3rd Editions of the Checklist ---------------------------------------------------------- 3 Table 2. CoMposition of the Flora of San Francisco ----------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Table 3. Rare Species of San Francisco ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Table 4. Natural and Naturalized Areas with the Highest Diversity of Indigenous Plant Taxa ----------------- 7 Table 5. Natural and Naturalized Areas with the Highest Diversity of Nonnative Plant Taxa ------------------ 7 Table 6. Natural and Naturalized Areas with the Highest Diversity of Invasive Plant Taxa --------------------- 8 Table 7. Most Frequently Occurring Indigenous Plant Taxa ----------------------------------------------------------------8 Table 8. Frequency of Extant Indigenous Plant Taxa --------------------------------------------------------------------------9 Table 9. Most Frequently Occurring Nonnative Plant Taxa -----------------------------------------------------------------9 Table 10. Most Frequently Occurring Invasive Plant Taxa ------------------------------------------------------------------10 Table 11. SuMMary of the Extirpated Flora of San Francisco ---------------------------------------------------------------12 Table 12. Rare and Extirpated Taxa Reintroduced to San Francisco ----------------------------------------------------- 13 Table 13. Newly and Rediscovered Indigenous Taxa -------------------------------------------------------------------------14 Table 14. Taxa for Which San Francisco HerbariuM Voucher SpeciMens are Needed------------------------------- 17 Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of San Francisco -----------------------------------------------------------------------middle section - pp. 1-95 Appendix 1. References and Data Sources Appendix 2. San Francisco Place NaMes Appendix 3. Plant FaMilies and Genera Included in the Checklist 3rd Edition, version dated June 1, 2021 ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF SAN FRANCISCO INTRODUCTION TO THE CHECKLIST T By Mike Wood, Co-Chairman, Rare Plants Committee California Native Plant Society, Yerba Buena Chapter Third Edition, June 1, 2021 At the start of 2020 my wife and I were all set to begin exploring recorded on loose sheets of paper stuffed into files, folders, and the South Pacific. Starting year three of our nomadic life we cabinets, and tucked into the pages of dog-eared copies of A were headed for New Caledonia (to see the serpentine soils and California Flora (Munz and Keck, 1973) and The Jepson Manual native stands of Araucaria), then to island-hop our way towards (Baldwin, et al., 1993). Southeast Asia. But after a month and a half of car camping in Japan, two months of the same in New Zealand, and with ty- The last flora of San Francisco County was completed in 1958 phoon season about to start in the South Pacific we decided to (Howell, et al.). Other local floras to which we frequently refer taKe a breaK in Hawaii before picKing up the trail again. Then include those covering San Bruno Mountain (McClintocK, et al. the world shut down due to the Coronavirus pandemic. 1990) and the Santa Cruz Mountains (Thomas, 1961). Marin County has its updated flora (Howell, et al. 2007) as does the To be sure, there are worse places to get stucK. And we counted East Bay (Ertter and Naumovich, 2013). I asked my colleagues our blessings that we weren’t in the Solomon Islands when the if we shouldn’t undertaKe the effort to compile the species lists pandemic hit. But I needed something to fill my days while we that had been amassed. I was “volunteered” for the job. The 1st waited and hoped for the world to reopen. After