Ë‚Ó·Ó‰‡ Ë Ëë„Û ÌÓÒÚ Freedom and Security

ëÔËÒ‡ÌËÂ Á‡ ÔÓÎËÚËÍ‡, ËÍÓÌÓÏËÍ‡ Ë ‡Á‚ËÚËÂ Ì‡ „‡Ê‰‡ÌÒÍÓÚÓ Ó·˘ÂÒÚ‚Ó 53 äÓÌ„ÂÒ Ì‡ ãË·Â‡ÎÌËfl àÌÚÂÌ‡ˆËÓÌ‡Î ë‚Ó·Ó‰‡ Ë ëË„ÛÌÓÒÚ Freedom and Security 53rd Liberal International Congress ËÁ‰‡ÌËÂ Ì‡ êÂ‰‡ÍˆËÓÌÂÌ ÍÓÏÂÌÚ‡ Editorial ë‚Ó·Ó‰‡ Ë ÒË„ÛÌÓÒÚ Freedom and Security Ç Ì‡˜‡ÎÓÚÓ Ì‡ ÌÓ‚ÓÚÓ ıËÎfl‰ÓÎÂÚËÂ Ò‚ÂÚ˙Ú ÒÂ ËÁÔ‡‚Ë In the beginning of the new millennium, the world is faced with ÔÂ‰ ÌÓ‚Ë ÔÂ‰ËÁ‚ËÍ‡ÚÂÎÒÚ‚‡ ‚ Ó·Î‡ÒÚÚ‡ Ì‡ Ò‚Ó·Ó‰‡Ú‡ Ë new challenges in the area of freedom and security. The tragic ÒË„ÛÌÓÒÚÚ‡. í‡„Ë˜ÌËÚÂ Ò˙·ËÚËfl ‚ ëÄô ÓÚ 11 ÒÂÔÚÂÏ‚- events from September 11, 2001 in the USA and from March 11, Ë 2001 „. Ë ‚ àÒÔ‡ÌËfl ÓÚ 11 Ï‡Ú 2004 „. ÔÓÏÂÌËı‡ ÓÚÌÓ- 2004 in Spain changed the attitude towards security on a glob- ¯ÂÌËÂÚÓ Í˙Ï ÒË„ÛÌÓÒÚÚ‡ ‚ „ÎÓ·‡ÎÂÌ Ï‡˘‡· Ë ÔÓÒÚ‡‚Ëı‡ al scale and posed the question of the boundaries of freedom. ‚˙ÔÓÒ‡ Á‡ „‡ÌËˆËÚÂ Ì‡ Ò‚Ó·Ó‰‡Ú‡. ë˙‚ÂÏÂÌÌËflÚ Ò‚ÂÚÓ- The world terrorism, poverty, threat of international conflicts, ‚ÂÌ ÚÂÓËÁ˙Ï, ·Â‰ÌÓÒÚÚ‡, Á‡ÔÎ‡ı‡Ú‡ ÓÚ ÏÂÊ‰Û‰˙Ê‡‚ÌË menace of biological and other weapons of mass destruction, ÍÓÌÙÎËÍÚË, ÓÚ ËÁÔÓÎÁ‚‡ÌÂÚÓ Ì‡ ·ËÓÎÓ„Ë˜ÌË Ë ‰Û„Ë Ó˙ÊËfl organized crime, and ethnic conflicts are the realities, which the Á‡ Ï‡ÒÓ‚Ó ÛÌË˘ÓÊ‡‚‡ÌÂ, Ó„‡ÌËÁË‡Ì‡Ú‡ ÔÂÒÚ˙ÔÌÓÒÚ Ë contemporary liberal society ought to address. ÂÚÌË˜ÂÒÍËÚÂ Ì‡ÔÂÊÂÌËfl Ò‡ Â‡ÎÌÓÒÚËÚÂ, Ì‡ ÍÓËÚÓ Ò˙‚Â- The special issue of “2007” magazine is devoted to the 53rd ÏÂÌÌËÚÂ ÎË·Â‡ÎÌË Ó·˘ÂÒÚ‚‡ Úfl·‚‡ ‰‡ ÓÚ„Ó‚ÓflÚ. Liberal International Congress, which is taking place in Sofia, ëÔÂˆË‡ÎÌÓÚÓ ËÁ‰‡ÌËÂ Ì‡ ÒÔËÒ‡ÌËÂ “2007” Â ÔÓÒ‚ÂÚÂÌÓ Ì‡ Bulgaria and presents the liberal vision about freedom and 53-fl äÓÌ„ÂÒ Ì‡ ãË·Â‡ÎÌËfl ËÌÚÂÌ‡ˆËÓÌ‡Î, ÔÓ‚ÂÊ‰‡˘ ÒÂ security issues. All democratic governments today strive to guar- ‚ ëÓÙËfl, Å˙Î„‡Ëfl Ë ÔÂ‰ÒÚ‡‚fl ÎË·Â‡ÎÌ‡Ú‡ ‚ËÁËfl ‚ ÒÙÂ‡- antee voluntarily observance of the principles and rules of Ú‡ Ì‡ Ò‚Ó·Ó‰‡Ú‡ Ë ÒË„ÛÌÓÒÚÚ‡. ÇÒflÍÓ ‰ÂÏÓÍ‡ÚË˜ÌÓ ÛÔ- peaceful common existence, based on the natural and invio- ‡‚ÎÂÌËÂ ‰ÌÂÒ Â Ì‡ÒÓ˜ÂÌÓ Í˙Ï „‡‡ÌÚË‡ÌÂ Ì‡ ‰Ó·Ó‚ÓÎ- lable human rights and freedoms. Therefore, the main challenge ÌÓÚÓ ÒÔ‡Á‚‡ÌÂ Ì‡ ÔËÌˆËÔËÚÂ Ë Ô‡‚ËÎ‡Ú‡ Ì‡ ÏËÌÓ Ò˙ÊË- that the liberal politics is facing today is improving the work of ÚÂÎÒÚ‚Ó, ÓÒÌÓ‚‡ÌË ‚˙ıÛ ÂÒÚÂÒÚ‚ÂÌËÚÂ Ë ÌÂÌ‡Í˙ÌËÏË democratic institutions and procedures, which guarantee free- Ô‡‚‡ Ë Ò‚Ó·Ó‰Ë Ì‡ ÎË˜ÌÓÒÚÚ‡. á‡ÚÓ‚‡ ÓÒÌÓ‚ÌÓÚÓ ÔÂ‰ËÁ- dom of expression and personal development in the modern ‚ËÍ‡ÚÂÎÒÚ‚Ó, ÔÂ‰ ÍÓÂÚÓ Â ËÁÔ‡‚ÂÌ‡ ÎË·Â‡ÎÌ‡Ú‡ ÔÓÎË- society, in the name of common prosperity. ÚËÍ‡ ‰ÌÂÒ, Â ‰‡ ÔÓ‰Ó·Ë ‡·ÓÚ‡Ú‡ Ì‡ ‰ÂÏÓÍ‡ÚË˜ÌËÚÂ One of the most serious tasks, which confront the democratic ËÌÒÚËÚÛˆËË Ë ÔÓˆÂ‰ÛË, ÍÓËÚÓ ÓÒË„Ûfl‚‡Ú Ò‚Ó·Ó‰Ì‡Ú‡ societies in the beginning of XXI century, is achieving a balance ËÁfl‚‡ Ë ‡Á‚ËÚËÂ Ì‡ ÎË˜ÌÓÒÚÚ‡ ‚ ÏÓ‰ÂÌÓÚÓ Ó·˘ÂÒÚ‚Ó, ‚ between freedom and security. This issue requires a reformation ËÏÂÚÓ Ì‡ Ó·˘ÌÓÒÚÌËfl ÔÓÒÔÂËÚÂÚ. of the principles and approaches of national and collective secu- Ö‰Ì‡ ÓÚ ÒÂËÓÁÌËÚÂ Á‡‰‡˜Ë, ÍÓËÚÓ ‰ÌÂÒ ÒÚÓflÚ ÔÂ‰ ‰Â- rity. However, that may lead to restriction of some civil rights and ÏÓÍ‡ÚË˜ÌËÚÂ Ó·˘ÂÒÚ‚‡ ‚ Ì‡˜‡ÎÓÚÓ Ì‡ ïïß ‚ÂÍ Â ÔÓÒÚË- liberties, guaranteed by the constitutions in the developed liber- „‡ÌÂÚÓ Ì‡ ·‡Î‡ÌÒ ÏÂÊ‰Û ÒË„ÛÌÓÒÚ Ë Ò‚Ó·Ó‰‡. íÓÈ Â Ò‚˙- al democracies. Liberal-minded people have to respond to this Á‡Ì Ò˙Ò Ò˙Á‰‡‚‡ÌÂ Ì‡ ÌÓ‚Ë ÔËÌˆËÔË Á‡ Ó„‡ÌËÁ‡ˆËfl Ì‡ ÒËÒ- challenge, since on one hand, freedoms, interpreted too broad- ÚÂÏËÚÂ Á‡ Ì‡ˆËÓÌ‡ÎÌ‡ Ë ÍÓÎÂÍÚË‚Ì‡ ÒË„ÛÌÓÒÚ, ÍÓÂÚÓ ly, could make our societies vulnerable to terrorists, but on the Ó·‡˜Â ÏÓÊÂ ‰‡ Ì‡ÎÓÊË Ó„‡ÌË˜‡‚‡ÌÂ Ì‡ ÌflÍÓË ËÌ‰Ë‚Ë‰Û‡Î- other, excessive increase of security levels may harm democrat- ÌË „‡Ê‰‡ÌÒÍË Ò‚Ó·Ó‰Ë, „‡‡ÌÚË‡ÌË ÓÚ ÍÓÌÒÚËÚÛˆËËÚÂ ic freedoms, pillars of our society. We believe that precisely the Ì‡ ‡Á‚ËÚËÚÂ ÎË·Â‡ÎÌË ‰ÂÏÓÍ‡ˆËË. ãË·Â‡ÎÌÓ ÏËÒÎÂ˘Ë- liberal approach can ensure this balance, which will guarantee ÚÂ ıÓ‡ Úfl·‚‡ ‰‡ ÓÚ„Ó‚ÓflÚ Ì‡ ÚÓ‚‡ ÔÂ‰ËÁ‚ËÍ‡ÚÂÎÒÚ- protection of individual life, rights and property, without crossing ‚Ó, Ú˙È Í‡ÚÓ ÓÚ Â‰Ì‡ ÒÚ‡Ì‡ ‡Á·‡ÌËÚÂ Ú‚˙‰Â ¯ËÓÍÓ the border, beyond which the meaning of human society is lost Ò‚Ó·Ó‰Ë ÏÓ„‡Ú ‰‡ ÔÂ‚˙Ì‡Ú Ó·˘ÂÒÚ‚‡Ú‡ ÌË ‚ ÎÂÒÌ‡ ÏË- and it is no longer democratic. ¯ÂÌ‡ Á‡ Ì‡Ô‡‰ÂÌËfl, ‡ ÓÚ ‰Û„‡ ÔÂÍÓÏÂÌÓÚÓ Û‚ÂÎË˜‡‚‡ÌÂ Relying on the principles and values of the liberal tradition, the Ì‡ ÒÚÂÔÂÌËÚÂ Ì‡ ÒË„ÛÌÓÒÚ ÏÓÊÂ ‰‡ ÛflÁ‚Ë ‰ÂÏÓÍ‡ÚË˜ÌË- liberals of today demonstrate that in search for the right balance, ÚÂ Ò‚Ó·Ó‰Ë. Çfl‚‡ÏÂ, ˜Â ËÏÂÌÌÓ ÎË·Â‡ÎÌËflÚ ÔÓ‰ıÓ‰ ÏÓÊÂ democracy does not know boundaries. Because the freedom is ‰‡ ‰Ó‚Â‰Â ‰Ó ÓÌÁË ·‡Î‡ÌÒ ÏÂÊ‰Û Ò‚Ó·Ó‰‡ Ë ÒË„ÛÌÓÒÚ, ÍÓÈ- not a possession of one nation or political system. It is a com- ÚÓ ‰‡ „‡‡ÌÚË‡ Á‡˘ËÚ‡Ú‡ Ì‡ ÊË‚ÓÚ‡, Ô‡‚‡Ú‡ Ë ËÏÛ- mon good, toward which we all should strive and protect it in a ˘ÂÒÚ‚ÓÚÓ Ì‡ ËÌ‰Ë‚Ë‰ËÚÂ, ·ÂÁ ‰‡ ÒÂ ÔÂÏËÌ‡‚‡ ÓÌ‡ÁË „‡- way that not destroy the very freedom. And this is one worthy ÌËˆ‡, ÓÚ‚˙‰ ÍÓflÚÓ ÒÏËÒ˙Î˙Ú Ì‡ ˜Ó‚Â¯ÍÓÚÓ Ó·˘ÂÒÚ‚Ó Â challenge. Ì‡Û¯ÂÌ Ë ÚÓ ÔÂÒÚ‡‚‡ ‰‡ ·˙‰Â ‰ÂÏÓÍ‡ÚË˜ÌÓ. èÓÁÓ‚‡‚‡ÈÍË ÒÂ Ì‡ ÔËÌˆËÔËÚÂ Ë ˆÂÌÌÓÒÚËÚÂ Ì‡ ÎË·Â‡Î- Ì‡Ú‡ Ú‡‰ËˆËfl, Ò˙‚ÂÏÂÌÌËÚÂ ÎË·Â‡ÎË ÔÓÍ‡Á‚‡Ú, ˜Â ‚ Ú˙ÒÂÌÂÚÓ Ì‡ Ô‡‚ËÎÌËfl ·‡Î‡ÌÒ, ‰ÂÏÓÍ‡ˆËflÚ‡ ÌÂ ÔÓÁÌ‡‚‡ „‡ÌËˆË. á‡˘ÓÚÓ Ò‚Ó·Ó‰‡Ú‡ ÌÂ Â ÒÓ·ÒÚ‚ÂÌÓÒÚ Ì‡ Â‰Ì‡ ÓÔ- Â‰ÂÎÂÌ‡ Ì‡ˆËfl ËÎË Ì‡ Â‰Ì‡ ÔÓÎËÚË˜ÂÒÍ‡ ÒËÒÚÂÏ‡. ífl Â ‚ÒÂ- Ó·˘Ó ·Î‡„Ó, Í˙Ï ÍÓÂÚÓ ‚ÒË˜ÍË Úfl·‚‡ ‰‡ ÒÂ ÒÚÂÏflÚ Í‡ÚÓ fl Á‡˘ËÚ‡‚‡Ú ÔÓ Ì‡˜ËÌ, ÍÓÈÚÓ ÌÂ ‡ÁÛ¯‡‚‡ Ò‡Ï‡Ú‡ ÌÂfl, ‡ ÚÓ‚‡ Â Â‰ÌÓ ‰ÓÒÚÓÈÌÓ ÔÂ‰ËÁ‚ËÍ‡ÚÂÎÒÚ‚Ó. ë˙‰˙Ê‡ÌËÂ ëÔËÒ‡ÌËÂ Á‡ ÔÓÎËÚËÍ‡ ËÍÓÌÓÏËÍ‡ Ë ‡Á‚ËÚËÂ Ì‡ íÂÓËfl Ë Ô‡ÍÚËÍË „‡Ê‰‡ÌÒÍÓÚÓ Ó·˘ÂÒÚ‚Ó Ö‚ÓÔÂÈÒÍ‡Ú‡ ËÌÚÂ„‡ˆËfl ‚ Ó·Î‡ÒÚÚ‡ Ì‡ ë‚Ó·Ó‰‡Ú‡ Ë å‡È 2005 ëË„ÛÌÓÒÚÚ‡ ‚˙‚ Ù‡ÍÚË Ë ‰‡ÚË 4 ç‡ ÙÓÍÛÒ ÑËÂÍÚÓ 53 äÓÌ„ÂÒ Ì‡ ãË·Â‡ÎÌËfl ËÌÚÂÌ‡ˆËÓÌ‡Î ‚ ëÓÙËfl 10 çËÍÓÎ‡È è‡ÛÌÓ‚ ãËˆ‡ ÓÚ 53-Ëfl äÓÌ„ÂÒ Ì‡ ãË·Â‡ÎÌËfl ËÌÚÂÌ‡ˆËÓÌ‡Î 11 éÚ„Ó‚ÓÂÌ Â‰‡ÍÚÓ Ö‚ÂÎËÌ‡ ëÚÓflÌÓ‚‡ ÖÍÒÍÎÛÁË‚ÌÓ Á‡ ÒÔËÒ‡ÌËÂ “2007” êÂ‰‡ÍˆËÓÌÂÌ ÂÍËÔ ãË‰Â˙Ú Ì‡ Ö‚ÓÔÂÈÒÍËÚÂ ÎË·Â‡ÎË Ë ‰ÂÏÓÍ‡ÚË ‚ å‡„‰‡ÎÂÌ‡ ëÚÓflÌÓ‚‡ Ö‚ÓÔÂÈÒÍËfl Ô‡Î‡ÏÂÌÚ – ÉÂ˙Ï ìÓÚÒ˙Ì ÔÓ ‚˙ÔÓÒËÚÂ à‚‡Ì íÓ‰ÓÓ‚ Ì‡ ë‚Ó·Ó‰‡Ú‡ Ë ëË„ÛÌÓÒÚÚ‡ 18 íÂÓ‰Ó‡ èÓÎËÏÂÌÓ‚‡ èÂ‚Ó‰ ãË·Â‡ÎÌ‡ Ö‚ÓÔ‡ Ö‚ÂÎËÌ‡ ëÚÓflÌÓ‚‡ ë‚Ó·Ó‰‡ Ë ÒË„ÛÌÓÒÚ. ãË·Â‡ÎÌ‡Ú‡ ÔÂÒÔÂÍÚË‚‡ - à‚‡Ì íÓ‰ÓÓ‚ Ñ‡ÌËÂÎ í‡Ì‡ı‡ÚÓÂ, èÓÎËÚË˜ÂÒÍË Ò˙‚ÂÚÌËÍ, Ö‚ÓÔÂÈÒÍ‡ ÎË·Â‡ÎÌ‡ ‰ÂÏÓÍ‡ÚË˜ÂÒÍ‡ Ë ÂÙÓÏ‡ÚÓÒÍ‡ Ô‡ÚËfl 20 2007 Â ËÁ‰‡ÌËÂ Ì‡ ãË·Â‡ÎÌËfl ÔÓÎËÚÓÎÓ„Ë˜ÂÌ ËÌÒÚËÚÛ ãË·Â‡ÎÌË ÔÓÁËˆËË ãË·Â‡ÎËÁ˙Ï, Ò‚Ó·Ó‰‡ Ë ÒË„ÛÌÓÒÚ 21 ãË·Â‡ÎÂÌ ÔÓÎËÚÓÎÓ„Ë˜ÂÌ ËÌÒÚËÚÛÚ ëÓÙËfl 1124, ÛÎ. üÌÚ‡ 19 íÂÎ./î‡ÍÒ: +359 2 944 28 17 e-mail.: [email protected] http://www.lpi-bg.org Contents Theory and Practice European Integration in the field of Freedom and Security – Magazine for politics, economics Facts and Dates 4 and civil society development May 2005 In Focus 53rd Liberal International Congress in Sofia 10 Faces from the 53rd Liberal International Congress 11 Director Nikolay Paunov Exclusive for “2007” magazine Executive Editor The Leader of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Evelina Stoyanova in the European Parliament – Mr. Graham Watson on the issues Contributing Editors of Freedom and Security 18 Magdalena Stoynova Ivan Todorov Liberal Europe Teodora Polimenova Freedom and Security, the Liberal perspective - Daniel Tanahatoe, Translation Political Advisor, European Liberal, Democrat and Reform Party 20 Evelina Stoyanova Ivan Todorov Liberal positions 2007 is a publication of Liberalism, Freedom and Security 21 the Liberal Politological Institute Liberal Politological Institute 19 Yantra Str., Sofia 1124 Tel./Fax: +359 2 944 28 17 e-mail.: [email protected] http://www.lpi-bg.org Ö‚ÓÔÂÈÒÍ‡Ú‡ European Integration ËÌÚÂ„‡ˆËfl ‚ Ó·Î‡ÒÚÚ‡ Ì‡ in the Field of ë‚Ó·Ó‰‡Ú‡ Ë ëË„ÛÌÓÒÚÚ‡ Freedom and Security ‚˙‚ Ù‡ÍÚË Ë ‰‡Ú‡ Facts and Dates 22 flÌÛ‡Ë 1948 „. 22 January 1948 Ñ˙Ê‡‚ÌËflÚ ÒÂÍÂÚ‡ Ì‡ ‚˙Ì¯ÌËÚÂ ‡·ÓÚË Ì‡ ÇÂÎËÍÓ·ËÚ‡ÌËfl ö- The United Kingdom Foreign Secretary, Earnest Bevin proposes in a ÌÂÒÚ ÅÂ‚ËÌ ÔÂ‰Î‡„‡, ‚ Â˜ ÔÂ‰ ä‡Ï‡‡Ú‡ Ì‡ ÔÂ‰ÒÚ‡‚ËÚÂÎËÚÂ, speech before the House of Representatives, the creation of a Western Ò˙Á‰‡‚‡ÌÂÚÓ Ì‡ á‡Ô‡‰ÂÌ Ò˙˛Á.

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