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Facts About Chimney Fires

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Facts About Chimney Fires Ways to keep the fire you want . Depending on the situation, you might need a few flue From starting one you don’t want. tiles replaced, a relining system installed or an entire THE FACTS ABOUT chimney rebuilt. Each situation is unique and will dic- Chimney fires don’t have to happen. tate its own solution. Here are some ways to avoid them: CHIMNEY FIRES: Use seasoned woods only. Dryness is more important What to Do if You Have a Chimney Fire than hard wood verses soft wood considerations. CAUSES & CURES Build smaller, hotter fires; they burn more completely If you realize a chimney fire is occurring, follow these and produce less smoke. steps: Never burn cardboard boxes, wrapping paper, trash or Get everyone out of the house, including yourself. Christmas trees; these can spark a chimney fire. Call the fire department. Install stovepipe thermometers to help monitor flue If you can do so without risk to yourself, these additional temperatures when wood stoves are in use, so you can steps may save your home. Remember, however, that adjust burning practices as needed. homes are replaceable, lives are not: Inspect and clean catalytic combustors on a regular Put a chimney fire extinguisher into the fireplace or basis, where applicable. wood stove. Close the glass doors on the fireplace. 9 Signs that You’ve Had a Chimney Fire Close the inlets on the wood stove. Use a garden hose to spray down the roof (not the Since chimney fires can occur without anyone being chimney) so the fire won’t spread to the rest of the aware of them, and since damage from such a fire can structure. endanger a home and its occupants, how do you tell if Once it’s over, call a CSIA Certified Chimney Sweep to you’ve experienced a chimney fire? Here are the signs a inspect for damage. Chimney fire damage and repair Professional chimney sweep looks for: normally is covered by homeowner insurance policies. “puffy” creosote, with rainbow colored streaks, that has expanded beyond creosote’s normal form. Warped metal of the damper, metal smoke chamber connector pipe or factory-built metal chimney. CSIA & Certified Chimney Sweeps Chimney Safety . Cracked or collapsed flue tiles, or tiles with large Because it’s where you live! chunks missing. The Chimney Safety Institute of American (CSIA) is a non-profit educational foundation that has established Discolored and/or distorted rain cap. the only nationally recognized certification and Heat-damaged TV antenna attached to the chimney. accreditation program for chimney sweeps in the MIAMI VALLEY FIRE DISTRICT Creosote flakes and pieces found on the roof and/or United States. The program was developed in keeping 2710 Lyons Rd ground. with the CSIA’s commitment to the safety of chimney and Miamisburg, OH 45342 Roofing material damaged from hot creosote. venting systems and to the elimination of residential Cracks in exterior masonry. chimney fires, carbon monoxide intrusion and other Fire Headquarters/non-emergency Evidence of smoke escaping through mortar joints of chimney and vent-related safety hazards. The CSIA 937-560-2152 devotes its resources to educating the public, chimney masonry or tile liners. service professionals and other fire prevention special- If you think a chimney fire has occurred call a CSIA ists, and the insurance industry about the prevention and www.miamivalleyfiredistrict.org Certified Chimney Sweep for a professional evaluation. correction of chimney and venting system hazards. e-mail: FMI: www.csia.org If your suspicions are confirmed, a certified sweep will [email protected] be able to make recommendations about how to bring the system back into compliance with safety standards. Prepared by: Ransae Lindamood-Hall, Admin. Assistant Creosote & Chimney Fires: “Chimneys really decorate the roofline of a What you Must Know How Chimney Fires Hurt Chimneys: home, and they’re maintenance-free, besides. Right? Fireplaces and wood stoves are designed to safely contain Masonry Chimneys: when chimney fires occur in WRONG! wood-fuel fire, while providing heat for a home. The masonry chimneys, whether the flues are an older, chimneys that serve them have the job of expelling the unlined type or are tile lines to meet current safety codes, by-products of combustion, the substances produced when the high temperatures at which they burn (around Your chimney, and the flue that lines it, may add o architectural interest to your home, but their real wood burns. These include smoke, water vapor, gases, 2000 F) can “melt mortar, crack tiles, cause liners to function is to carry dangerous fireplace, wood stove, or unburned wood particles, hydrocarbon volatile, tar fog, and collapse and damage the outer masonry material”. Most furnace gases and smoke safely out of your home. A assorted materials. As these substances exit the fireplace or often, tiles crack and mortar is displaced, which chimney helps your household air stay breathable . wood stove, and flow up into relatively cooler chimney, provides a pathway for flames to reach the combustible just as your windows and your bathroom, attic and condensation occurs. The resulting residue that sticks to the wood frame of the house. One chimney fire may not kitchen vents do. Unlike those other exhaust points in inner wall of the chimney is called creosote. harm a home. A second can burn it down. your home however, fireplace and wood stove chimneys need a special kind of care. Creosote is black or brown in appearance. It can be crusty Pre-fabricated, factory-built, metal chimneys. and flakey, tar-like, drippy and sticky, or shiny and To be installed in most jurisdictions in the U.S., factory As you snuggle in front of a cozy fire or bask in the hardened. Often, all forms will occur in one chimney built, metal chimneys that are designed to vent wood warmth of your wood stove, you are taking a part in a system. Whatever form it takes, creosote is highly burning stoves or pre-fabricated metal fireplaces must ritual of comfort and enjoyment handed down through combustible. If it builds up in sufficient quantities, and pass special tests determined by Underwriter’s the centuries. The last thing you are likely to be catches fire inside the chimney flue instead of the fireplace Laboratories (UL). thinking about is the condition of your chimney. or wood stove, the result will be a chimney fire. Although any amount of creosote can burn, sweeps are concerned Most tests require the chimney to withstand flue However, if you don't give some thought to it before you o light those winter fires, your enjoyment may be very when creosote builds up in sufficient quantities to sustain a temperatures up to 2100 F without sustaining damage. short lived. Why? Dirty chimneys can cause chimney long, hot, destructive chimney fire. Under chimney fire conditions, damage to these systems fires, which damage structures, destroy homes and injure still may occur and when pre-fabricated, factory-built or kill people. Certain conditions encourage the buildup of creosote. chimneys are damaged by chimney fire, they should no Simply put, restricted air supply, unseasoned wood and longer be used and must be replaced. NO ONE WELCOMES A CHIMNNEY FIRE! cooler-than-normal chimney temperatures are all factors that can accelerate the buildup of creosote on chimney flue wall. Special Effects on Wood Stoves. Wood stoves are made A chimney fire in action can be impressive. It has been Air supplies on fireplaces may be restricted by closed glass to contain hot fires. The connector pipes that run from described variously as creating: doors or by failure to open the damper wide enough to move the stove to the chimney are another matter. They cannot heated smoke up the chimney rapidly (the longer the withstand the high temperatures produced during a Loud cracking and popping noise smoke’s “residence time” in the flue, the more likely is it chimney fire and can warp, buckle and even separate A lot of dense smoke that creosote will form). A wood stove’s air supply can be from the vibrations created by air turbulence during a An intense, hot smell limited by closing down the stove damper or air inlets too fire. If damaged by a chimney fire, they must be soon and too much, and by improperly using the stovepipe replaced. Chimney fires can burn explosively - noisy and dramatic danger to restrict air movement. Burning unseasoned wood, enough to be detected by neighbors or people passing by. because so much energy is used initially just to drive off the Proper Maintenance: Flames or dense smoke may shoot from the top of the water trapped in the cells of the logs, keeps the resulting chimney. Homeowners report being startled by a low smoke cooler as it moves through the system than if dried Clean chimneys don't catch fire. Make sure a CSIA rumbling sound that reminds them of a freight train or a seasoned wood is used. In the case of wood stoves, fully Certified Chimney Sweep inspects your solid fuel low flying airplane. However, those are only the chimney packed loads of wood (that give large cool fires and 8 or 10 venting system annually and cleans and repairs it fires you know about. Slow burning chimney fires don't hour burn times) also contribute to creosote buildup. Cool whenever needed. Your sweep may have other get enough air or have fuel to be dramatic or visible. The flue temperatures speed creosote production, too. maintenance recommendations depending on how you temperatures they reach are very high and can cause as Condensation of the unburned by-products of combustion use your fireplace or stove.
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