Coprinopsis Pannucioides (JE Lange) Örstadius & E. Larss. 2008
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Agaricales, Basidiomycota) Occurring in Punjab, India
Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology 5 (3): 213–247(2015) ISSN 2229-2225 www.creamjournal.org Article CREAM Copyright © 2015 Online Edition Doi 10.5943/cream/5/3/6 Ecology, Distribution Perspective, Economic Utility and Conservation of Coprophilous Agarics (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) Occurring in Punjab, India Amandeep K1*, Atri NS2 and Munruchi K2 1Desh Bhagat College of Education, Bardwal–Dhuri–148024, Punjab, India. 2Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala–147002, Punjab, India. Amandeep K, Atri NS, Munruchi K 2015 – Ecology, Distribution Perspective, Economic Utility and Conservation of Coprophilous Agarics (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) Occurring in Punjab, India. Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology 5(3), 213–247, Doi 10.5943/cream/5/3/6 Abstract This paper includes the results of eco-taxonomic studies of coprophilous mushrooms in Punjab, India. The information is based on the survey to dung localities of the state during the various years from 2007-2011. A total number of 172 collections have been observed, growing as saprobes on dung of various domesticated and wild herbivorous animals in pastures, open areas, zoological parks, and on dung heaps along roadsides or along village ponds, etc. High coprophilous mushrooms’ diversity has been established and a number of rare and sensitive species recorded with the present study. The observed collections belong to 95 species spread over 20 genera and 07 families of the order Agaricales. The present paper discusses the distribution of these mushrooms in Punjab among different seasons, regions, habitats, and growing habits along with their economic utility, habitat management and conservation. This is the first attempt in which various dung localities of the state has been explored systematically to ascertain the diversity, seasonal availability, distribution and ecology of coprophilous mushrooms. -
Agarics-Stature-Types.Pdf
Gilled Mushroom Genera of Chicago Region, by stature type and spore print color. Patrick Leacock – June 2016 Pale spores = white, buff, cream, pale green to Pinkish spores Brown spores = orange, Dark spores = dark olive, pale lilac, pale pink, yellow to pale = salmon, yellowish brown, rust purplish brown, orange pinkish brown brown, cinnamon, clay chocolate brown, Stature Type brown smoky, black Amanitoid Amanita [Agaricus] Vaginatoid Amanita Volvariella, [Agaricus, Coprinus+] Volvopluteus Lepiotoid Amanita, Lepiota+, Limacella Agaricus, Coprinus+ Pluteotoid [Amanita, Lepiota+] Limacella Pluteus, Bolbitius [Agaricus], Coprinus+ [Volvariella] Armillarioid [Amanita], Armillaria, Hygrophorus, Limacella, Agrocybe, Cortinarius, Coprinus+, Hypholoma, Neolentinus, Pleurotus, Tricholoma Cyclocybe, Gymnopilus Lacrymaria, Stropharia Hebeloma, Hemipholiota, Hemistropharia, Inocybe, Pholiota Tricholomatoid Clitocybe, Hygrophorus, Laccaria, Lactarius, Entoloma Cortinarius, Hebeloma, Lyophyllum, Megacollybia, Melanoleuca, Inocybe, Pholiota Russula, Tricholoma, Tricholomopsis Naucorioid Clitocybe, Hygrophorus, Hypsizygus, Laccaria, Entoloma Agrocybe, Cortinarius, Hypholoma Lactarius, Rhodocollybia, Rugosomyces, Hebeloma, Gymnopilus, Russula, Tricholoma Pholiota, Simocybe Clitocyboid Ampulloclitocybe, Armillaria, Cantharellus, Clitopilus Paxillus, [Pholiota], Clitocybe, Hygrophoropsis, Hygrophorus, Phylloporus, Tapinella Laccaria, Lactarius, Lactifluus, Lentinus, Leucopaxillus, Lyophyllum, Omphalotus, Panus, Russula Galerinoid Galerina, Pholiotina, Coprinus+, -
The Good, the Bad and the Tasty: the Many Roles of Mushrooms
available online at www.studiesinmycology.org STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY 85: 125–157. The good, the bad and the tasty: The many roles of mushrooms K.M.J. de Mattos-Shipley1,2, K.L. Ford1, F. Alberti1,3, A.M. Banks1,4, A.M. Bailey1, and G.D. Foster1* 1School of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK; 2School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK; 3School of Life Sciences and Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK; 4School of Biology, Devonshire Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK *Correspondence: G.D. Foster, [email protected] Abstract: Fungi are often inconspicuous in nature and this means it is all too easy to overlook their importance. Often referred to as the “Forgotten Kingdom”, fungi are key components of life on this planet. The phylum Basidiomycota, considered to contain the most complex and evolutionarily advanced members of this Kingdom, includes some of the most iconic fungal species such as the gilled mushrooms, puffballs and bracket fungi. Basidiomycetes inhabit a wide range of ecological niches, carrying out vital ecosystem roles, particularly in carbon cycling and as symbiotic partners with a range of other organisms. Specifically in the context of human use, the basidiomycetes are a highly valuable food source and are increasingly medicinally important. In this review, seven main categories, or ‘roles’, for basidiomycetes have been suggested by the authors: as model species, edible species, toxic species, medicinal basidiomycetes, symbionts, decomposers and pathogens, and two species have been chosen as representatives of each category. -
A New Genus and Four New Species in the /Psathyrella S.L. Clade from China
A peer-reviewed open-access journal MycoKeys 80: 115–131 (2021) doi: 10.3897/mycokeys.80.65123 RESEARCH ARTICLE https://mycokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A new genus and four new species in the /Psathyrella s.l. clade from China Tolgor Bau1, Jun-Qing Yan2 1 Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization (North), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Af- fairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China 2 Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China Corresponding authors: Tolgor Bau ([email protected]); Jun-Qing Yan ([email protected]) Academic editor: Alfredo Vizzini | Received 27 February 2021 | Accepted 15 May 2021 | Published 26 May 2021 Citation: Bau T, Yan J-Q (2021) A new genus and four new species in the /Psathyrella s.l. clade from China. MycoKeys 80: 115–131. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.80.65123 Abstract Based on traditional morphological and phylogenetic analyses (ITS, LSU, tef-1α and β-tub) of psathyrel- loid specimens collected from China, four new species are here described: Heteropsathyrella macrocystidia, Psathyrella amygdalinospora, P. piluliformoides, and P. truncatisporoides. H. macrocystidia forms a distinct lineage and groups together with Cystoagaricus, Kauffmania, and Typhrasa in the /Psathyrella s.l. clade, based on the Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analyses. Thus, the monospecific genusHeteropsathyrella gen. nov. is introduced for the single species. Detailed descriptions, colour photos, and illustrations are presented in this paper. Keywords Agaricales, Basidiomycete, four new taxa, Psathyrellaceae, taxonomy Introduction Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. is characterized by usually fragile basidiomata, a hygrophanous pileus, brown to black-brown spore prints, always present cheilocystidia and basidi- ospores fading to greyish in concentrated sulphuric acid (H2SO4) (Kits van Waveren 1985; Örstadius et al. -
Toxic Fungi of Western North America
Toxic Fungi of Western North America by Thomas J. Duffy, MD Published by MykoWeb (www.mykoweb.com) March, 2008 (Web) August, 2008 (PDF) 2 Toxic Fungi of Western North America Copyright © 2008 by Thomas J. Duffy & Michael G. Wood Toxic Fungi of Western North America 3 Contents Introductory Material ........................................................................................... 7 Dedication ............................................................................................................... 7 Preface .................................................................................................................... 7 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. 7 An Introduction to Mushrooms & Mushroom Poisoning .............................. 9 Introduction and collection of specimens .............................................................. 9 General overview of mushroom poisonings ......................................................... 10 Ecology and general anatomy of fungi ................................................................ 11 Description and habitat of Amanita phalloides and Amanita ocreata .............. 14 History of Amanita ocreata and Amanita phalloides in the West ..................... 18 The classical history of Amanita phalloides and related species ....................... 20 Mushroom poisoning case registry ...................................................................... 21 “Look-Alike” mushrooms ..................................................................................... -
Coprinopsis Rugosomagnispora: a Distinct New Coprinoid Species from Poland (Central Europe)
Plant Syst Evol DOI 10.1007/s00606-017-1418-7 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Coprinopsis rugosomagnispora: a distinct new coprinoid species from Poland (Central Europe) 1 2 3,4 5 Błazej_ Gierczyk • Pamela Rodriguez-Flakus • Marcin Pietras • Mirosław Gryc • 6 7 Waldemar Czerniawski • Marcin Pia˛tek Received: 3 November 2016 / Accepted: 31 March 2017 Ó The Author(s) 2017. This article is an open access publication Abstract A new coprinoid fungus, Coprinopsis rugoso- evolutionary trees recovered C. rugosomagnispora within a magnispora, is described from Poland (Central Europe). Its lineage containing species having morphological charac- macromorphological characters are similar to species ters of the subsection Lanatuli (though within the so-called belonging to the subsection Nivei of Coprinus s.l. How- Atramentarii clade) that contradicts its morphological ever, C. rugosomagnispora has unique micromorphologi- similarity to members of the subsection Nivei. cal characters: very large, ornamented spores, voluminous basidia and cystidia, and smooth veil elements. The large Keywords Agaricales Á Coprinopsis Á Coprinoid fungi Á spores and pattern of spore ornamentation (densely pitted) Molecular phylogeny Á Spore ornamentation Á Taxonomy make this species unique within all coprinoid species described so far. The structure (arrangement and shape) of veil elements in C. rugosomagnispora is intermediate Introduction between members of the subsections Nivei and Lanatuli of Coprinus s.l. Molecular phylogenetic analyses, based on The coprinoid fungi are a highly diverse and polyphyletic single-locus (ITS) maximum likelihood and Bayesian group of the order Agaricales, which species show a unique set of characters: presence of dark spores, deliquescent basidiocarps that often undergo autolysis, and pseudopa- Handling editor: Miroslav Kolarˇ´ık. -
Phylogeny and Character Evolution of the Coprinoid Mushroom Genus <I>Parasola</I> As Inferred from LSU and ITS Nrdna
Persoonia 22, 2009: 28–37 www.persoonia.org RESEARCH ARTICLE doi:10.3767/003158509X422434 Phylogeny and character evolution of the coprinoid mushroom genus Parasola as inferred from LSU and ITS nrDNA sequence data L.G. Nagy1, S. Kocsubé1, T. Papp1, C. Vágvölgyi1 Key words Abstract Phylogenetic relationships, species concepts and morphological evolution of the coprinoid mushroom genus Parasola were studied. A combined dataset of nuclear ribosomal ITS and LSU sequences was used to infer Agaricales phylogenetic relationships of Parasola species and several outgroup taxa. Clades recovered in the phylogenetic Coprinus section Glabri analyses corresponded well to morphologically discernable species, although in the case of P. leiocephala, P. lila- deliquescence tincta and P. plicatilis amended concepts proved necessary. Parasola galericuliformis and P. hemerobia are shown gap coding to be synonymous with P. leiocephala and P. plicatilis, respectively. By mapping morphological characters on the morphological traits phylogeny, it is shown that the emergence of deliquescent Parasola taxa was accompanied by the development Psathyrella of pleurocystidia, brachybasidia and a plicate pileus. Spore shape and the position of the germ pore on the spores species concept showed definite evolutionary trends within the group: from ellipsoid the former becomes more voluminous and heart- shaped, the latter evolves from central to eccentric in taxa referred to as ‘crown’ Parasola species. The results are discussed and compared to other Coprinus s.l. and Psathyrella taxa. Homoplasy and phylogenetic significance of various morphological characters, as well as indels in ITS and LSU sequences, are also evaluated. Article info Received: 12 September 2008; Accepted: 8 January 2009; Published: 16 February 2009. -
Diversity of Macromycetes in the Botanical Garden “Jevremovac” in Belgrade
40 (2): (2016) 249-259 Original Scientific Paper Diversity of macromycetes in the Botanical Garden “Jevremovac” in Belgrade Jelena Vukojević✳, Ibrahim Hadžić, Aleksandar Knežević, Mirjana Stajić, Ivan Milovanović and Jasmina Ćilerdžić Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia ABSTRACT: At locations in the outdoor area and in the greenhouse of the Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, a total of 124 macromycetes species were noted, among which 22 species were recorded for the first time in Serbia. Most of the species belong to the phylum Basidiomycota (113) and only 11 to the phylum Ascomycota. Saprobes are dominant with 81.5%, 45.2% being lignicolous and 36.3% are terricolous. Parasitic species are represented with 13.7% and mycorrhizal species with 4.8%. Inedible species are dominant (70 species), 34 species are edible, five are conditionally edible, eight are poisonous and one is hallucinogenic (Psilocybe cubensis). A significant number of representatives belong to the category of medicinal species. These species have been used for thousands of years in traditional medicine of Far Eastern nations. Current studies confirm and explain knowledge gained by experience and reveal new species which produce biologically active compounds with anti-microbial, antioxidative, genoprotective and anticancer properties. Among species collected in the Botanical Garden “Jevremovac”, those medically significant are: Armillaria mellea, Auricularia auricula.-judae, Laetiporus sulphureus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Schizophyllum commune, Trametes versicolor, Ganoderma applanatum, Flammulina velutipes and Inonotus hispidus. Some of the found species, such as T. versicolor and P. ostreatus, also have the ability to degrade highly toxic phenolic compounds and can be used in ecologically and economically justifiable soil remediation. -
Funghi E Natura Gruppo Di Padova
FUNGHI E NATURA www.ambpadova.it Anno 46° ~ 2° semestre 2019 Gruppo di Padova notiziario micologico semestrale riservato agli associati FUNGHI E NATURA www.ambpadova.it Anno 46° ~ 2° semestre 2019 Associazione Micologica Bresadola Gruppo di Padova Foto di Copertina www.ambpadova.it Boletus Notizie Utili reticulatus e-mail: [email protected] Foto di Sede a Padova Via Bezzecca 17 Riccardo Menegazzo C/C/ Postale 14153357 C.F. 00738410281 Quota associativa anno 2019: € 25,00 incluse ricezioni di: “Rivista di Micologia” Gruppo di Padova edita da AMB Nazionale e “Funghi e Natura” notiziario micologico semestrale riservato agli associati del Gruppo di Padova. Incontri e serate ad Albignasego (PD) nella Casa delle Associazioni, in via Damiano Chiesa, angolo Via Fabio Filzi Presidente Riccardo Novella (tel.335 7783745) SOMMARIO Vice Pres. Rossano Giolo (tel. 049 9714147). Segretario Funghi e Natura 31 Luglio 2019 Paolo Bordin (tel. 049 8725104). Tesoriere: Ida Varotto (tel. 347 9212708). Dalla segreteria pag. 3 Direttore Gruppo di Studio: Paolo Di Piazza(tel. 349 4287268). di Paolo Bordin Vicedirettore Gruppo di Studio: Riccardo Menegazzo. Gomphidius tyrrhenicus Resp. attività ricreative: D. Antonini & M. Antonini Ennio Albertin (tel. 049 811681). Resp. organizzazione mostre ed erbario: di Rossano Giolo pag. 5 Andrea Cavalletto Resp. pubbliche relazioni: Cronaca di una serata da Ida Varotto (tel. 347 9212708) e Gino Segato. ricordare Gestione materiale e allestimento mostre: Ennio Albertin. di Alberto Parpajola pag. 8 Coordinatore Funghi e Natura: Lepiota andegavensis: Alberto Parpajola e-mail: [email protected] rarissima specie raccolta Consiglio Direttivo: sui Colli Euganei R. Novella ,E. Albertin, P. Bordin, A. Cavalletto, R. -
Diversity of Coprophilous Species of Panaeolus (Psathyrellaceae, Agaricales) from Punjab, India
BIODIVERSITAS ISSN: 1412-033X Volume 15, Number 2, October 2014 E-ISSN: 2085-4722 Pages: 115-130 DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d150202 Diversity of coprophilous species of Panaeolus (Psathyrellaceae, Agaricales) from Punjab, India AMANDEEP KAUR1,♥, N.S. ATRI2, MUNRUCHI KAUR2 1Desh Bhagat College of Education, Bardwal-Dhuri-148024, Punjab, India. Tel.: +91-98152-49537; Fax.: +0175-304-6265; ♥email:[email protected]. 2Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala-147002, Punjab, India. Manuscript received: 31 July 2014. Revision accepted: 1 September 2014. ABSTRACT Kaur A, Atri NS, Kaur M. 2014. Diversity of coprophilous species of Panaeolus (Psathyrellaceae, Agaricales) from Punjab, India. Biodiversitas 15: 115-130. An account of 16 Panaeolus species collected from a variety of coprophilous habitats of Punjab state in India is described and discussed. Out of these, P. alcidis, P. castaneifolius, P. papilionaceus var. parvisporus, P. tropicalis and P. venezolanus are new records for India while P. acuminatus, P. antillarum, P. ater, P. solidipes, and P. sphinctrinus are new reports for north India. Panaeolus subbalteatus and P. cyanescens are new records for Punjab state. A key to the taxa explored is also provided. Key words: Dung, epithelial pileus cuticle, systematics, taxonomy. INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS The genus Panaeolus (Fr.) Quél., belonging to the Study area family Psathyrellaceae Readhead, Vilgalys & Hopple, is The state of Punjab is located in the north-western part characterized by its usually coprophilous habitat, bluing of India covering an area of 50,362 sq. km. which context, epithelial pileipellis, metulloidal chrysocystidia constitutes 1.57% of the total geographical area of the and spores which do not fade in concentrated sulphuric country. -
Coprinellus, Coprinopsis, Parasola)
Andreas Melzer, Kyhnaer Hauptstraße 5, 04509 Wiedemar, Germany http://www.vielepilze.de/ Key to coprinoid species (Coprinellus, Coprinopsis, Parasola) Latest update: 04.04.17 09.11.15 (first version), 23.12.15 (part 3.4.: another sequence), 10.01.16 (Parasola cuniculorum added, another sequence in part 1.2.), 14.01.16 (Coprinopsis lagopides replaced by C. phlyctidospora), 21.03.16 (data and line drawing of Coprinopsis villosa changed), 23.04.16 (microcharacters of Parasola schroeteri corrrected), 08.05.16 (Coprinopsis maysoidispora intergrated in Picacei, another sequence in part 2.2.from 9, in part 3.1 from 16), 19.05.16 (Coprinopsis alcobae added, another sequence in part 3.1. from 16, Coprinopsis mexicana and Coprinus maculatus added, another sequence in part 3.4. from 23), 16.07.16 (Coprinellus aokii added, another sequence in part 2.5. from 21, Coprinopsis jamaicensis added, another sequence in part 3.4. from 41, C. austrofriesii, burkii, caribaea, clastophylla, depressiceps, fibrillosa, striata added, another sequence in part 3.1. from 22, C. caracasensis added, another sequence in part 3.3. from 17), 16.10.16 (C. phaeopunctata added in part 3.1 number 16, C. alcobae removed from there, added in part 3.1., number 30, another sequence in part 3.1. from 30), 22.11.16 (C. igarashi added in part 3.3., another another sequence in part 3.3. from 9), 04-04.17 (Coprinopsis aesontiensis aded in part 3.4. 47*, another sequence in part 3.4. from 45). Introduction: The key includes most of the previously described coprinoid species from Europe and many from other continents, in addition, some of which have since been transferred from the genera Psathyrella. -
The Genus Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél
Journal on New Biological Reports 2(1): 55-63 (2013) ISSN 2319 – 1104 (Online) The Genus Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. from India: New Records Harwinder Kaur*, Munruchi Kaur, N.S. Atri and Amanjeet Kaur Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala-147002, India (Received on: 03 April, 2013; accepted on: 19 April, 2013) ABSTRACT Four species of Genus Psathyrella viz. Psathyrella naivashaiensis Pegler, P. longistriata (Murrill) Smith, P. obtusata (Fr.) Smith and P. pseudocandolleana Smith are taxonomically described and illustrated for the first time from India. One new variety of Psathyrella naivashaiensis Pegler var. macrospora var. nov. is here by reported as new to science. Key Words: apical pore, cheilocystidia, lageniform, Psathyrella, taxonomy, India. INTRODUCTION The genus Psathyrella (Fr.) Quél. (family and Wanscher (1978). The specimens were hot air Psathyrellaceae) is characterized by small to dried and preserved in cellophane bags containing medium sized basidiocarps, dull colored, non- 1-4 dichlorobenzene. Macroscopic examination deliquescent; campanulate to convex pileus, was carried out on fresh specimens in the field. typically with shade of brown, buff or gray; Microscopic details were studied from free hand adnexed to adnate, dark brown to black lamellae; sections mounted in 5% KOH, stained in cotton stipe fragile, white or pallid, veil present or absent. blue (0.16 g cotton blue dissolved in 100 ml lactic Spore deposit brown. Basidiospores small to large, acid). The identified specimens have been ovoid to ellipsoidal, thick walled, smooth, usually deposited in the Herbarium, Department of Botany, with a truncate germ pore, bleaching in Punjabi University, Patiala (Punjab) India, under concentrated sulphuric acid. Cheilocystidia always the Accession No.