DOCSLIB.ORG

Towards 6G Through Sdn and Nfv-Based Solutions for Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial Networks

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Towards 6G Through Sdn and Nfv-Based Solutions for Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial Networks TOWARDS 6G THROUGH SDN AND NFV-BASED SOLUTIONS FOR TERRESTRIAL AND NON-TERRESTRIAL NETWORKS A Dissertation Presented to The Academic Faculty By Ahan Kak In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology May 2021 © Ahan Kak 2021 TOWARDS 6G THROUGH SDN AND NFV-BASED SOLUTIONS FOR TERRESTRIAL AND NON-TERRESTRIAL NETWORKS Thesis committee: Dr. Ian F. Akyildiz (Advisor) Dr. Chuanyi Ji School of Electrical and Computer School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (Formerly) Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Raghupathy Sivakumar (Chair) Dr. Henry L. Owen School of Electrical and Computer School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Mary Ann Weitnauer Dr. Andy Sun School of Electrical and Computer School of Industrial & Systems Engineering Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology Date approved: April 6, 2021 To my family, for their endless love, support, and encouragement. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to begin by expressing my deepest gratitude to my advisor, Dr. Ian F. Aky- ildiz. I am extremely grateful to him for giving me the life-changing opportunity of joining his lab. His unparalleled vision and boundless passion have been integral in setting me on the path to academic success. Like a guiding light that shines through stormy seas, Prof. Akyildiz’s limitless wisdom has always led the way forward, even in the most difficult of times. His incredible work ethic has been a constant source of inspiration for me throughout this journey, one that has been greatly enriched by his immense knowledge and extensive experience. Being an international student is never easy, but Prof. Akyildiz’s warmth, benev- olence, and kindness are what made Atlanta home. I have been extremely fortunate to be advised in not just academics, but also life, by one of the greatest scientists of our generation, and for that I am forever indebted. I would also like to express my profound appreciation to all the faculty members and administrative staffs of the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology for their help throughout my Ph.D. A special thanks goes to Dr. Raghupathy Sivakumar and Dr. Mary Ann Weitnauer, who provided constructive and valu- able suggestions on my research work and are a key part of my Ph.D. Defense Reading Committee. Moreover, I am thankful to Dr. Chuanyi Ji, Dr. Henry L. Owen, and Dr. Andy Sun, who are an integral part of my Ph.D. Defense Committee. Their highly insightful com- ments have helped me complete my Ph.D. degree and achieve a solid research path towards this thesis. My sincere and warm thanks go also to the entire Broadband Wireless Networking Laboratory family including all current and former members, for their constant support and unwavering friendship throughout my years in the lab. A special mention goes to Bige Unluturk and Shuai Nie for the amazing times we shared during the course of our graduate years. A special thanks also goes to all the people I worked with as part of my research iv projects. I would like to acknowledge the support of National Science Foundation through these projects, which made the completion of this thesis possible. I am also grateful to Dr. Evgeny Khorov for hosting me in Moscow during the Summer of 2019 and Dr. Nakjung Choi for hosting me at Nokia Bell Labs during the Summer of 2020, and for their invaluable contributions to my growth as a researcher. I would also like to thank all my friends and roommates through the years. They have been a integral part of this journey and I will forever cherish their support. And finally, last but by no means least, I can never find enough words to express my gratitude to my family, who have been my rock through this journey, especially my parents Vidyut and Kavita, my uncle Kowshik, and my aunt Hema. This achievement would have not been possible without their love, support, and encouragement. v TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments................................... iv List of Tables...................................... xiii List of Figures..................................... xiv Summary........................................ xviii Chapter 1: Introduction................................ 1 1.1 Key Themes and Research Objectives .................... 3 1.1.1 Flexible Network Architectures for 5G and Beyond Cellular Systems4 1.1.2 The Internet of Space Things with CubeSats............. 6 1.2 Organization of the Thesis .......................... 9 Chapter 2: Previous Work.............................. 10 2.1 Software-Defined Mobile Network Architectures .............. 10 2.2 CubeSat-Based IoT and Broadband Services................. 14 Chapter 3: ARBAT: A Flexible Network Architecture for Modern Cellular Sys- tems.................................... 18 3.1 Motivation................................... 18 3.2 System Architecture Overview........................ 21 vi 3.2.1 System Domains ........................... 21 3.2.2 Stakeholders ............................. 23 3.3 Infrastructure Plane.............................. 24 3.3.1 The Universal Network Device.................... 25 3.3.2 Transport Links............................ 27 3.3.3 Resource Virtualization and Abstraction............... 28 3.3.4 Unified Cellular Network....................... 29 3.4 Data Plane................................... 30 3.5 Control Plane ................................. 33 3.5.1 xNode................................. 34 3.5.2 Multi-Slice Radio Resource Management .............. 36 3.6 Management and Orchestration........................ 42 3.6.1 Network Function Virtualization Orchestrator............ 42 3.6.2 Virtual Network Function Manager.................. 43 3.6.3 Virtualized Infrastructure Manager.................. 43 3.6.4 Network Catalog ........................... 44 3.6.5 Network Status Database....................... 44 3.6.6 ServiceBRIDGE ........................... 45 3.7 Qualitative Evaluation............................. 47 3.8 Highlights................................... 50 Chapter 4: Radio Access Network Design with Software-Defined Mobility Man- agement.................................. 52 4.1 Motivation................................... 52 vii 4.2 Related Work ................................. 54 4.3 System Model................................. 57 4.3.1 Network Architecture......................... 57 4.3.2 Software-Defined Mobility Management Framework . 58 4.4 Problem Formulation............................. 64 4.5 Performance Evaluation............................ 76 4.6 Highlights................................... 79 Chapter 5: Adaptive Containerization for Microservices-Based Core Networks. 80 5.1 Motivation and Related Work......................... 80 5.2 System Model................................. 84 5.2.1 Preliminaries ............................. 84 5.2.2 Problem Formulation......................... 85 5.2.3 System Operation........................... 88 5.3 Performance Evaluation............................ 90 5.4 Highlights................................... 93 Chapter 6: End-to-End System Design for the Internet of Space Things..... 94 6.1 Motivation................................... 94 6.2 Application Scenarios............................. 98 6.2.1 Monitoring and Reconnaissance ................... 99 6.2.2 In-Space Backhaul ..........................100 6.2.3 Cyber-Physical Integration......................102 6.3 System Architecture Design..........................103 viii 6.3.1 Key Features .............................104 6.3.2 System Architecture Overview....................106 6.4 Infrastructure Layer..............................107 6.4.1 Access Network............................108 6.4.2 IoST Hubs...............................109 6.4.3 CubeSats ...............................110 6.4.4 Resource Virtualization........................110 6.5 Control and Management Layer .......................111 6.5.1 IoST Network Base..........................111 6.5.2 IoST Virtualization Manager.....................112 6.5.3 Slice Controller............................112 6.5.4 Network Orchestration and Operations Controller . 113 6.5.5 Access Network Controller......................114 6.5.6 Security Controller..........................115 6.6 Policy Layer..................................116 6.7 System Procedures ..............................116 6.7.1 Joint Optimal Physical-Link Layer Resource Allocation with vCSI . 117 6.7.2 Tackling Long delays and Temporal Variation in Network Topology Through Stateful Segment Routing..................118 6.7.3 Robust Connectivity Through Optimal IoST Hub Geolocations . 119 6.7.4 Synchronization of Geo-Distributed IoST Hubs . 120 6.7.5 Proactive Handovers Through GSL Outage Forecasting . 121 6.7.6 Lightweight Hardware Virtualization for CubeSats . 122 ix 6.7.7 Automated Device Provisioning Through ANC . 122 6.8 System Performance Evaluation .......................123 6.8.1 Single-Hop Link Metrics.......................124 6.8.2 Next-Hop Link Metrics........................126 6.8.3 Overall System Performance.....................127 6.9 Highlights...................................128 Chapter 7: Large-Scale Constellation Design for Ultra-Dense CubeSat Networks 130 7.1 Motivation...................................130 7.2 Related Work .................................134 7.2.1 State-of-the-Art Design
Load more

Recommended publications
  • FCC-20-54A1.Pdf
    Federal Communications Commission FCC 20-54 Before the Federal Communications Commission Washington, D.C. 20554 In the Matter of ) ) Mitigation of Orbital Debris in the New Space Age ) IB Docket No. 18-313 ) REPORT AND ORDER AND FURTHER NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULEMAKING Adopted: April 23, 2020 Released: April 24, 2020 By the Commission: Chairman Pai and Commissioners O’Rielly, Carr, and Starks issuing separate statements; Commissioner Rosenworcel concurring and issuing a statement. Comment Date: (45 days after date of publication in the Federal Register). Reply Comment Date: (75 days after date of publication in the Federal Register). TABLE OF CONTENTS Heading Paragraph # I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 1 II. BACKGROUND .................................................................................................................................... 3 III. DISCUSSION ...................................................................................................................................... 14 A. Regulatory Approach to Mitigation of Orbital Debris ................................................................... 15 1. FCC Statutory Authority Regarding Orbital Debris ................................................................ 15 2. Relationship with Other U.S. Government Activities ............................................................. 20 3. Economic Considerations .......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Deep Search for Additional Satellites Around the Dwarf Planet
    Search for Additional Satellites around Haumea A Preprint typeset using LTEX style emulateapj v. 01/23/15 A DEEP SEARCH FOR ADDITIONAL SATELLITES AROUND THE DWARF PLANET HAUMEA Luke D. Burkhart1,2, Darin Ragozzine1,3,4, Michael E. Brown5 Search for Additional Satellites around Haumea ABSTRACT Haumea is a dwarf planet with two known satellites, an unusually high spin rate, and a large collisional family, making it one of the most interesting objects in the outer solar system. A fully self-consistent formation scenario responsible for the satellite and family formation is still elusive, but some processes predict the initial formation of many small moons, similar to the small moons recently discovered around Pluto. Deep searches for regular satellites around KBOs are difficult due to observational limitations, but Haumea is one of the few for which sufficient data exist. We analyze Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations, focusing on a ten-consecutive-orbit sequence obtained in July 2010, to search for new very small satellites. To maximize the search depth, we implement and validate a non-linear shift-and-stack method. No additional satellites of Haumea are found, but by implanting and recovering artificial sources, we characterize our sensitivity. At distances between 10,000 km and 350,000 km from Haumea, satellites with radii as small as 10 km are ruled out, assuming∼ an albedo∼ (p 0.7) similar to Haumea. We also rule out satellites larger∼ than &40 km in most of the Hill sphere using≃ other HST data. This search method rules out objects similar in size to the small moons of Pluto.
    [Show full text]
  • CHORUS: Let's Go Meet the Dwarf Planets There Are Five in Our Solar
    Meet the Dwarf Planet Lyrics: CHORUS: Let’s go meet the dwarf planets There are five in our solar system Let’s go meet the dwarf planets Now I’ll go ahead and list them I’ll name them again in case you missed one There’s Pluto, Ceres, Eris, Makemake and Haumea They haven’t broken free from all the space debris There’s Pluto, Ceres, Eris, Makemake and Haumea They’re smaller than Earth’s moon and they like to roam free I’m the famous Pluto – as many of you know My orbit’s on a different path in the shape of an oval I used to be planet number 9, But I break the rules; I’m one of a kind I take my time orbiting the sun It’s a long, long trip, but I’m having fun! Five moons keep me company On our epic journey Charon’s the biggest, and then there’s Nix Kerberos, Hydra and the last one’s Styx 248 years we travel out Beyond the other planet’s regular rout We hang out in the Kuiper Belt Where the ice debris will never melt CHORUS My name is Ceres, and I’m closest to the sun They found me in the Asteroid Belt in 1801 I’m the only known dwarf planet between Jupiter and Mars They thought I was an asteroid, but I’m too round and large! I’m Eris the biggest dwarf planet, and the slowest one… It takes me 557 years to travel around the sun I have one moon, Dysnomia, to orbit along with me We go way out past the Kuiper Belt, there’s so much more to see! CHORUS My name is Makemake, and everyone thought I was alone But my tiny moon, MK2, has been with me all along It takes 310 years for us to orbit ‘round the sun But out here in the Kuiper Belt… our adventures just begun Hello my name’s Haumea, I’m not round shaped like my friends I rotate fast, every 4 hours, which stretched out both my ends! Namaka and Hi’iaka are my moons, I have just 2 And we live way out past Neptune in the Kuiper Belt it’s true! CHORUS Now you’ve met the dwarf planets, there are 5 of them it’s true But the Solar System is a great big place, with more exploring left to do Keep watching the skies above us with a telescope you look through Because the next person to discover one… could be me or you… .
    [Show full text]
  • In the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
    USCA Case #21-1125 Document #1900500 Filed: 05/26/2021 Page 1 of 70 IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT VIASAT, INC., Petitioner, Case No. 21 - 1_________________125 v. FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION, Respondent. VIASAT, INC.’S PROTECTIVE PETITION FOR REVIEW Pursuant to 47 U.S.C. § 402(a), 28 U.S.C. §§ 2342(1) and 2344, and Rule 15(a) of the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure, Viasat, Inc. hereby petitions the Court for review of the final order of the Federal Communications Commission (Commission) captioned In the Matter of Space Exploration Holdings, LLC Request for Modification of the Authorization for the SpaceX NGSO Satellite System, Order and Authorization and Order on Reconsideration, IBFS File No. SAT-MOD-20200417-00037, Call Signs S2983/S3018 (rel. Apr. 27, 2021) (Order). A copy of the Order is attached as Exhibit A. Viasat is simultaneously filing a Notice of Appeal of the Order pursuant to 47 U.S.C. § 402(b) and (c) and Rule 15(a) of the Federal Rules of Appellate USCA Case #21-1125 Document #1900500 Filed: 05/26/2021 Page 2 of 70 Procedure. As explained in the Notice of Appeal and below, a Notice of Appeal under § 402(b)(6) is the proper vehicle to challenge the Order. In its Order, the Commission grants, subject to certain conditions, the application of Space Exploration Holdings, LLC (SpaceX) for modification of its license for a non- geostationary orbit fixed-satellite service constellation using Ku- and Ka-band spectrum. Order ¶ 1; see also Order ¶ 8 (“Section 25.117 of the Commission’s rules governs the modification of space station licenses.”); 47 C.F.R.
    [Show full text]
  • Sha'áłchíní Welcome to Science Class! What If… My Teacher Gets Kicked August 27, 2020 out of Zoom?
    April 26, 2021 Yá’át’ééh! sha'áłchíní Welcome to science class! What if… My teacher gets kicked August 27, 2020 out of Zoom? Then.. 1. If you get assigned as the host end the meeting. 2. Everyone immediately log out of Zoom. 3. Re-enter the class in 5 minutes. 4. If you do not get back into the meeting after continuous tries, class is cancelled. 5. Refer to agenda slides from website. In case Mrs. Yazzie loses internet connection: ● someone becomes host ● host monitors class until Mrs. Yazzie returns or four minutes have passed ● after 4 minutes host ends class ● everyone tries to re-enter class ● if Mrs. Yazzie doesn’t return after another 4 minutes, class is ended for the day Sun. Mon. Tues. Wed. Thurs. Fri. Sat. 1 Intervention 2 3 Science Project PTC 4-7PM Check-In 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 No school Intervention Science Project Check-In 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Intervention Science Project Due 40 points 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Intervention 25 26 27 28 29 30 Community Forum Last Intervention NO SCHOOL 5:30pm No School Sun. Mon. Tues. Wed. Thurs. Fri. Sat. 25 26 27 28 29 30 1 Community Forum Last Day of Intervention 5:30PM No School 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Last Day of Science Zoom No School 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Mother’s No Zoom No Zoom No Zoom Return school laptops Day NWEA- Math NWEA-RDG NWEA-LANG No School 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 ALL WORK DUE No School 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Last Day of School 8th Grade Promotion Announcements ● April 28th-Community Forum ● Friday, April 30th-NO SCHOOL ● Thurs., May 27th- 8th Grade Promotion ● Thurs., May 27th - Last Day of School Agenda -Announcements and Calendar -Student Objective & Essential Question -Intro to Vocabulary -Dwarf Planets -Kahoot! On a scale from 1-10 with 10 being excellent, how was your weekend? UPDATE! ● INGENUITY-2nd Flight Success! ● Perseverance makes oxygen! Student Objective Day 1, Monday: I can describe the relationship of objects in the solar system.
    [Show full text]
  • High-Speed Goes Small the Internet Has Changed Life As We Know It, with a Massive Array of Possibilities Enabled
    ....High Speed Internet Photo courtesy of sdecoret/Shutterstock High-speed goes small The Internet has changed life as we know it, with a massive array of possibilities enabled. We can speak with friends across the world in real-time, run our businesses, shop for groceries, or catch the latest episode of ‘insert current TV show I’m too behind the times to be aware of’ on our mobile phone while cuddling up in bed. We take this connectivity for granted, paying very little attention to the incredible fibre or satellite technology behind it, despite the fact that this can only be described as Very Big Business. Amy Saunders, Editor, Satellite Evolution Group For those of us who grew up without any kind of Internet • Small (and large) businesses: Closely entwined with at all – I remember how exciting it was when my parents got online shopping, entrepreneurs have grasped hold of our first dial-up connectivity back in my early teen years – opportunities to launch their own online businesses at the advent of high-speed broadband into homes across the very low cost, providing a flexible and independent developed world was a complete game-changer on so many alternative to the standard 9-5. Meanwhile, established levels. As this new level of connectivity became widespread, businesses both small and large are increasingly enabling innovative online companies launched amazing new home working for employees, which is often cheaper and applications that broadened horizons irreversibly for more efficient in labour terms and favoured by many staff. consumers, businesses and government: • Online banking: For those with mobility issues or under time constraints, or simply with better things to do, online • Staying in touch: The Internet has enabled families and banking has become a fantastic use of the Internet, saving friends to stay in touch over unfathomable distances, via time for both customers and the banks themselves.
    [Show full text]
  • IAC-18-B2.1.7 Page 1 of 16 a Technical Comparison of Three
    A Technical Comparison of Three Low Earth Orbit Satellite Constellation Systems to Provide Global Broadband Inigo del Portilloa,*, Bruce G. Cameronb, Edward F. Crawleyc a Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge 02139, USA, [email protected] b Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge 02139, USA, [email protected] c Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge 02139, USA, [email protected] * Corresponding Author Abstract The idea of providing Internet access from space has made a strong comeback in recent years. After a relatively quiet period following the setbacks suffered by the projects proposed in the 90’s, a new wave of proposals for large constellations of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites to provide global broadband access emerged between 2014 and 2016. Compared to their predecessors, the main differences of these systems are: increased performance that results from the use of digital communication payloads, advanced modulation schemes, multi-beam antennas, and more sophisticated frequency reuse schemes, as well as the cost reductions from advanced manufacturing processes (such as assembly line, highly automated, and continuous testing) and reduced launch costs. This paper compares three such large LEO satellite constellations, namely SpaceX’s 4,425 satellites Ku-Ka-band system, OneWeb’s 720 satellites Ku-Ka-band system, and Telesat’s 117 satellites Ka-band system. First, we present the system architecture of each of the constellations (as described in their respective FCC filings as of September 2018), highlighting the similarities and differences amongst the three systems.
    [Show full text]
  • 2015 October
    TTSIQ #13 page 1 OCTOBER 2015 www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-confirms-evidence-that-liquid-water-flows-on-today-s-mars Flash! Sept. 28, 2015: www.space.com/30674-flowing-water-on-mars-discovery-pictures.html www.space.com/30673-water-flows-on-mars-discovery.html - “boosting odds for life!” These dark, narrow, 100 meter~yards long streaks called “recurring slope lineae” flowing downhill on Mars are inferred to have been formed by contemporary flowing water www.space.com/30683-mars-liquid-water-astronaut-exploration.html INDEX 2 Co-sponsoring Organizations NEWS SECTION pp. 3-56 3-13 Earth Orbit and Mission to Planet Earth 13-14 Space Tourism 15-20 Cislunar Space and the Moon 20-28 Mars 29-33 Asteroids & Comets 34-47 Other Planets & their moons 48-56 Starbound ARTICLES & ESSAY SECTION pp 56-84 56 Replace "Pluto the Dwarf Planet" with "Pluto-Charon Binary Planet" 61 Kepler Shipyards: an Innovative force that could reshape the future 64 Moon Fans + Mars Fans => Collaboration on Joint Project Areas 65 Editor’s List of Needed Science Missions 66 Skyfields 68 Alan Bean: from “Moonwalker” to Artist 69 Economic Assessment and Systems Analysis of an Evolvable Lunar Architecture that Leverages Commercial Space Capabilities and Public-Private-Partnerships 71 An Evolved Commercialized International Space Station 74 Remembrance of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam 75 The Problem of Rational Investment of Capital in Sustainable Futures on Earth and in Space 75 Recommendations to Overcome Non-Technical Challenges to Cleaning Up Orbital Debris STUDENTS & TEACHERS pp 85-96 Past TTSIQ issues are online at: www.moonsociety.org/international/ttsiq/ and at: www.nss.org/tothestarsOO TTSIQ #13 page 2 OCTOBER 2015 TTSIQ Sponsor Organizations 1.
    [Show full text]
  • FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, D.C
    Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20554 ____________________________________ ) Application of ) ) SPACE EXPLORATION HOLDINGS, LLC ) Call Signs: S2983 and S3018 ) For Modification of Authorization for the ) File No. SAT-MOD-20200417-00037 SpaceX NGSO Satellite System ) ____________________________________) CONSOLIDATED OPPOSITION TO PETITIONS AND RESPONSE TO COMMENTS OF SPACE EXPLORATION HOLDINGS, LLC William M. Wiltshire David Goldman Paul Caritj Director, Satellite Policy HARRIS, WILTSHIRE & GRANNIS LLP SPACE EXPLORATION TECHNOLOGIES CORP. 1919 M Street, N.W. 1155 F Street, N.W. Suite 800 Suite 475 Washington, DC 20036 Washington, DC 20004 202-730-1300 tel 202-649-2700 tel 202-730-1301 fax 202-649-2701 fax Counsel to SpaceX July 27, 2020 SUMMARY Given the urgency of bringing broadband to every American no matter where they live, SpaceX is proud to be on the cusp of delivering truly high-speed, low-latency service to customers in the United States and around the world, especially those in underserved and unserved areas including in Polar regions. In just over two years since having received its license, SpaceX has launched many hundreds of satellites for its broadband constellation – many hundreds more satellites than any other non-geostationary orbit (“NGSO”) satellite operator authorized in its processing round – and begun to deploy a large-scale ground-based infrastructure. SpaceX operates the satellites currently on-orbit at an altitude of 550 km where the effects of atmospheric drag ensure that orbital debris and any failed satellites de-orbit rapidly. As the Commission has recognized, operating at this low altitude enhances the safety of all systems operating in space.
    [Show full text]
  • Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, D.C
    Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20554 In the Matter of ) ) Kuiper Systems LLC ) RM-11861 ) Modernization of Section 25.117 of the ) Commission’s Rules for Modifications of ) NGSO FSS Systems ) COMMENTS OF O3B LIMITED O3b Limited (“O3b”) hereby comments on the above-captioned petition for rulemaking filed by Kuiper Systems LLC (“Amazon”) for changes to provisions of Section 25.117 that govern applications for modification of non-geostationary orbit (“NGSO”) fixed-satellite service (“FSS”) systems.1 As discussed below, O3b strongly agrees that the Commission should initiate a proceeding to update the standards in Section 25.117 regarding whether requested changes to an NGSO FSS authorization are sufficiently substantial to require that the system be considered newly filed for processing round purposes. While O3b views some of the rule changes proposed by Amazon as unduly limiting, O3b supports approaches that focus on whether a modification would increase inline events or cause added interference. In addition, O3b concurs that if an applicant has sought multiple changes to its authorization, the Commission must consider the cumulative impact of those changes in deciding how to process the requests. I. BACKGROUND O3b has a strong interest in the issues raised in the Amazon Petition involving the need to revise Section 25.117 to provide clearer guidance to applicants seeking to modify their NGSO 1 Kuiper Systems LLC, Petition for Rulemaking, Modernization of Section 25.117 of the Commission’s Rules for Modifications of NGSO FSS Systems in the New Space Age, RM- 11861, filed July 9, 2020 (“Amazon Petition”). SES Company Use FSS systems and to protect the investments and expectations of established NGSO FSS operators.
    [Show full text]
  • Commercial Spacecraft Mission Model Update
    Commercial Space Transportation Advisory Committee (COMSTAC) Report of the COMSTAC Technology & Innovation Working Group Commercial Spacecraft Mission Model Update May 1998 Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation Federal Aviation Administration U.S. Department of Transportation M5528/98ml Printed for DOT/FAA/AST by Rocketdyne Propulsion & Power, Boeing North American, Inc. Report of the COMSTAC Technology & Innovation Working Group COMMERCIAL SPACECRAFT MISSION MODEL UPDATE May 1998 Paul Fuller, Chairman Technology & Innovation Working Group Commercial Space Transportation Advisory Committee (COMSTAC) Associative Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation Federal Aviation Administration U.S. Department of Transportation TABLE OF CONTENTS COMMERCIAL MISSION MODEL UPDATE........................................................................ 1 1. Introduction................................................................................................................ 1 2. 1998 Mission Model Update Methodology.................................................................. 1 3. Conclusions ................................................................................................................ 2 4. Recommendations....................................................................................................... 3 5. References .................................................................................................................. 3 APPENDIX A – 1998 DISCUSSION AND RESULTS........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Register/Vol. 85, No. 143/Friday, July 24, 2020/Rules
    44772 Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 143 / Friday, July 24, 2020 / Rules and Regulations List of Subjects certification in both the sanitized and The address to send all trade secrecy unsanitized versions of the claims is posted on the following EPA 40 CFR Part 350 substantiation must bear an original Program websites, http://www.epa.gov/ Environmental protection, signature. epcra and http://www.epa.gov/tri/rfi. Confidential business information, (d) * * * This information can also be obtained Reporting and recordkeeping (2) An owner, operator, or senior by contacting the EPCRA, RMP & Oil requirements. official with management responsibility Information Center at (800) 424–9346 or shall sign the certification stating that 40 CFR Part 355 (703) 348–5070, or https:// those portions of the substantiation www.epa.gov/epcra/forms/contact-us- Environmental protection, Reporting claimed as confidential would, if about-emergency-planning-and- and recordkeeping requirements. disclosed, reveal the chemical identity community-right-know-act-epcra. being claimed as a trade secret, or Dated: July 7, 2020. * * * * * Peter Wright, would reveal other confidential business or trade secret information. Assistant Administrator, Office of Land and PART 355—EMERGENCY PLANNING Emergency Management. This certification is combined on the AND NOTIFICATION substantiation form found on EPA For the reasons stated in the program websites, http://www.epa.gov/ ■ 5. The authority citation for Part 355 preamble, title 40, chapter I of the Code epcra and http://www.epa.gov/tri/rfi, continues to read as follows: of Federal Regulations is amended as with the certification described in follows: Authority: Sections 302, 303, 304, 325, paragraph (c) of this section.
    [Show full text]