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Chemistry and Ecology Biogeochemistry, Grain Size

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Chemistry and Ecology Biogeochemistry, Grain Size This article was downloaded by: On: 7 January 2011 Access details: Access Details: Free Access Publisher Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37- 41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Chemistry and Ecology Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713455114 Biogeochemistry, grain size and mineralogy of the central and southern Adriatic Sea sediments: a review Federico Spagnolia; Antonio Dell'Annob; Antonio De Marcoc; Enrico Dinellid; Mauro Fabianoe; Marta Velia Gadaletaf; Carmela Iannig; Francesco Loiaconoc; Elena Maninia; Mauro Marinia; Giovanni Mongellih; Giancarlo Rampazzoi; Paola Rivarog; Luigi Vezzullij a Istituto di Scienze Marine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Ancona, Italy b Dipartimento Science del Mare, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy c Dipartimento di Geologia & Geofisica, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy d Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Ravenna, Italy e Dipartimento per lo Studio del Territorio e delle sue Risorse, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy f Dipartimento Geomineralogico, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy g Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy h Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Campus di Macchia Romana, Potenza, Italy i Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Università Ca' Foscari, Venice, Italy j Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy Online publication date: 20 May 2010 To cite this Article Spagnoli, Federico , Dell'Anno, Antonio , De Marco, Antonio , Dinelli, Enrico , Fabiano, Mauro , Gadaleta, Marta Velia , Ianni, Carmela , Loiacono, Francesco , Manini, Elena , Marini, Mauro , Mongelli, Giovanni , Rampazzo, Giancarlo , Rivaro, Paola and Vezzulli, Luigi(2010) 'Biogeochemistry, grain size and mineralogy of the central and southern Adriatic Sea sediments: a review', Chemistry and Ecology, 26: 1, 19 — 44 To link to this Article: DOI: 10.1080/02757541003689829 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02757541003689829 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.informaworld.com/terms-and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. Chemistry and Ecology Vol. 26, Supplement, June 2010, 19–44 Biogeochemistry, grain size and mineralogy of the central and southern Adriatic Sea sediments: a review Federico Spagnolia*, Antonio Dell’Annob, Antonio De Marcoc, Enrico Dinellid, Mauro Fabianoe, Marta Velia Gadaletaf , Carmela Iannig, Francesco Loiaconoc, Elena Maninia, Mauro Marinia, Giovanni Mongellih, Giancarlo Rampazzoi, Paola Rivarog and Luigi Vezzullij aIstituto di Scienze Marine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Ancona, Italy; bDipartimento Science del Mare, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; cDipartimento di Geologia & Geofisica, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy; d Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Ravenna, Italy; eDipartimento per lo Studio del Territorio e delle sue Risorse, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy; f Dipartimento Geomineralogico – Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy; gDipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy; hDipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Campus di Macchia Romana, 85100 Potenza, Italy; i Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Università Ca’ Foscari, Venice, Italy; j Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy (Received 25 May 2009; final version received 2 February 2010) This review aims to present the current status of studies on geochemical (major minor and trace ele- ments), biochemical (total organic carbon, total nitrogen, isotopic carbon composition, Bacteria, Archaea, phytopigments, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, humic and fulvic acids), mineralogical (light and heavy minerals, clay minerals) and pollutant (trace metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, pesticides, organic stannic compounds) parameters, grain-size composition and sediment–water Downloaded At: 17:07 7 January 2011 interactions (early diagenesis and benthic fluxes) for the bottom sediments of the central and southernAdri- atic Sea. The review highlighted gaps in or completeness of the parameters needed for research, of areas in which the parameters were investigated, as well as the interdisciplinary nature of the studies. In general, biogeochemical, mineralogical, grain-size and pollutant studies in the central and southern Adriatic Sea are restricted to limited areas, consider only single parameters without an interdisciplinary approach and, except for some more recent projects, are predominatly out of date. On the whole, there is a lack of an organised study concerning the various parameters for the entire central and southern Adriatic Sea and their evolution over time. Keywords: biogeochemistry; mineralogy; grain size; pollutants; superficial sediment; Adriatic Sea 1. Introduction The scope of this review is to present the current status of research on the biogeochemistry, mineralogy, grain size and pollution in superficial sediments of the central and southern Adriatic Sea. For an exhaustive review of studies carried out in the past it was useful to consider both *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] ISSN 0275-7540 print/ISSN 1029-0370 online © 2010 Taylor & Francis DOI: 10.1080/02757541003689829 http://www.informaworld.com 20 F. Spagnoli et al. data collected from the literature and data relating to research projects conducted in recent years and provided by the participants in the research. Furthermore, to enable clear presentation and discussion of the material, Supplementary Tables S1a and S1b (online only) group the data into different subjects, specifying the area investigated, the parameters analysed and the period of study; a short review of the most recent projects is given in the main text. Coastal and geophysical studies are not considered here because the specificity and extensive- ness of such research deserve to be treated separately. The results of such research are recalled only when needed to explain the data discussed in the text. The review presents data on the central and southern Adriatic Sea, from the Mid-Adriatic Depression at the Otranto Strait [1,2] (Figure 1(a)). 2. Recent research projects In the recent past (2000 to present), only two research projects have been entirely dedicated to studying the biogeochemical, mineralogical and grain-size characteristics, and contamination of the superficial sediments of the central and southern Adriatic Sea: the INTERREG II Italy– Albania Project and the PITAGEM Project. Other projects (ASCOP, PRISMA 1, INTERREG II Italy–Greece, Technological and Scientific Cooperation Agreement between Italy and Albania) Downloaded At: 17:07 7 January 2011 Figure 1. (a) The central and southern Adriatic Sea indicating the main sites named in the text and the study areas for the projects and articles reviewed. In each map, the sampling sites or areas are drawn for each parameter investigated. (b) Bulk sediment geochemistry, (c) pore water geochemistry, (d) organic matter, (e) mineralogy, (f) trace elements, (g) organic contaminants, (h) grain-size. Chemistry and Ecology 21 Figure 1. Continued. Downloaded At: 17:07 7 January 2011 have considered only part of the central and southern Adriatic Sea or examined only one or a few parameters. The Adriatic Scientific Cooperation Program (ASCOP) Project [3] is the oldest of all the considered projects; lasting from 1977 to 1990, it was a multidisciplinary research project carried out within the framework of the Italian–Yugoslavian Multidisciplinary Program for the Protection of the Adriatic Sea and Coastal Regions from Pollution. In the context of this multidisciplinary project, several parameters (Supplementary Table S1a – online only) were investigated in the superficial sediments of the central and southern Adriatic Sea (Figure 1(b),(d)–(h)). The PRISMA 1 Project [4] lasted from 1994 to 1998 and its main goal was to study physical, physico-chemical, geochemical and biological processes involving nutrients in the northern and central Adriatic Sea. Within this context, the subtheme ‘Fluxes from and towards bottom’ studied the biogeochemical, mineralogical and sedimentological properties and processes (Supplementary Table S1a – online only) of the superficial sediments (Figure 1(b)–(f), (h)) [5]. The INTERREG II Italy–Greece programme lasted from 1997 to 1999. It had several aims, mainly related to management issues.
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