Psychopathy and Self-Monitoring : Additive and Interactive Effects On

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Psychopathy and Self-Monitoring : Additive and Interactive Effects On ^.^?^y % \ " •. V .' A_ i \m ^ *f'>fI,*! >l Jd Psychopathy and Self-Monitoring: Additive and Interactive Effects on Self-Presentation Tactics by Namia Worth A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts Department of Psychology BROCK UNIVERSITY St. Catharines, Ontario October 2007 Namia Worth, 2007 Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the relative contributions of psychopathy and self-monitoring to the prediction of self-presentation tactics (behaviours that individuals use to manipulate their self-image). Psychopathy is composed of two main factors: Factor 1, which includes manipulativeness and shallow affect, and Factor 2, which includes irresponsibility and anti-social behaviours. Self-monitoring is a personality trait that distinguishes between those who adapt their behaviour to fit different social situations (high self-monitors) and those who behave as they feel regardless of social expectations (low self- monitors). It was hypothesized that self-monitoring would moderate the relationship between psychopathy and self-presentation tactics. One hundred and forty-nine university students completed the Self-Monitoring Scale (Snyder, 1974), the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale - Version III (Paulhus et al., in press), the Self-Presentation Tactics scale (Lee, S., et al., 1999), the HEXACO-PI (a measure of the six major factors of personality; Lee, K., & Ashton, 2004), and six scenarios that were created as a supplementary measure of the self- presentation tactics. Results of the hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that self-monitoring did moderate the relationship between psychopathy and three of the self- presentation tactics: apologies, disclaimers, and exemplification. Further, significant interactions were observed between Factor 1 and self-monitoring on apologies and the defensive tactics subscale, between Factor 2 and self-monitoring on self-handicapping, and between Factor 1 and Factor 2 on exemplification. Contrary to expectations, the main effect of self-monitoring was significant for the prediction of nine tactics, while psychopathy was significant for the prediction of seven tactics. This indicates that the role of these two personality traits in the explanation of self-presentation tactics tends to be additive in nature rather than interactive. In addition. Factor 2 alone did not account for a significant amount of variance in any of the tactics, while Factor 1 significantly predicted nine tactics. Results are discussed with regard to implications and possible directions for future research. m Acknowledgements There are several people that I would like to acknowledge who assisted in the completion of this thesis. First, I would like to thank my thesis advisor, Dr. Angela Book, for all of her expertise, guidance, and support. I am very grateful for the confidence she placed in me and my topic. I would also like to thank my committee members. Dr. Mike Ashton and Dr. Nancy DeCourville, who provided excellent advice and were always available to answer my many questions. Finally, thank you to my friends and my family, who were endlessly supportive and who could always be counted on to provide much-needed perspective. And thank you especially to my parents, Christine and Ted, and to my brother Devon, for their love, encouragement, and interest. You even listened to my descriptions of statistical analyses, and I appreciate it. I promise that someday I will be able to make it up to you. IV TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv LIST OF TABLES viii LIST OF FIGURES xii LIST OF APPENDICES xiii INTRODUCTION 1 Psychopathy 1 Self-Monitoring 6 The Relationship between Psychopathy and Self-Monitoring 8 Self-Presentation Tactics 10 Hypotheses 13 METHOD 19 Participants 19 Procedure 19 Materials 19 Demographic Information 20 Self-Report Psychopathy Scale - Version III (SRP III) 20 Self-Monitoring Scale 21 Self-Presentation Tactics Scale 21 HEXACO-PI 22 Scenarios 22 RESULTS 26 Missing Data 26 Descriptive Statistics: Scales 27 Descriptive Statistics: Scenarios 29 Correlations: Scales 32 Correlations: Scenario Response Cluster Ratings 35 Description of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analyses for Self-Presentation Tactics 36 Main Effects: Psychopathy 63 Main Effects: Self-Monitoring 65 Interactions 67 Interactions: Apologies 68 Interactions: Disclaimers 71 Interactions: Exemplification 73 Interactions: Self-Handicapping 77 Interactions: Defensive Tactics Subscale 77 Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analyses for Scenario Response Cluster Ratings 80 Logistic Regression Analyses for Scenario Response Cluster Choices 82 Additional Exploratory Analyses: Multiple Regression Analyses with the HEXACO Factors as Predictors 82 DISCUSSION 89 Apologies 92 Disclaimers 93 Exemplification 94 Self-Handicapping 96 VI Defensive Tactics 97 Main Effects 98 Contributions of the HEXACO : 100 Limitations and Future Research 1 03 Conclusions 1 06 REFERENCES 108 APPENDICES 112 vu LIST OF TABLES Table 1 . Examples of Items on the Self-Presentation Tactics Scale (Lee, S., et al., 1999) 11 Table 2. Expected Self-Presentation Tactics Use as a Function of Psychopathy and Self-Monitoring 16 Table 3 . Descriptive Statistics for all Scales, Subscales, and Tactics 28 Table 4. Descriptive Statistics for Scenario Response Cluster Ratings 30 Table 5 . Descriptive Statistics for Scenario Response Cluster Choices 30 Table 6. Number of Times each Cluster was Chosen («) for Low and High Choice Groups 32 Table 7. Correlations between Psychopathy, Self-Monitoring, and Self- Presentation Tactics, including Subscales (A^ = 1 49) 33 Table 8. Correlations between Self-Presentation Tactics, Psychopathy, and Self- Monitoring (A^ = 149) 34 Table 9. Correlations between Scenario Response Cluster Ratings and Self-Presentation Tactics Subscales (N = 149) 36 Table 10. Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction ofTotal Self-Presentation Tactics (TV =148) 40 Table 1 1 . Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Assertive Self-Presentation Tactics (A'^ = 148) 40 Table 12. Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Defensive Self-Presentation Tactics (A^ = 148) 41 Table 13. Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction ofApologies(A^=148) 41 Table 14. Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Blasting (A^= 148) 42 Table 15. Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Disclaimers (A^ = 1 48) 42 Table 16. Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Enhancement (A^= 148) 43 vni Table 17. Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Entitlement (iV= 148) 43 Table 18. Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction ofExcuses(iV=148) 44 Table 19. Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Exemplification (7^= 148) 44 Table 20. Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction oflngratiation(A^= 148) 45 Table 2 1 . Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction ofIntimidation(A^-148) 45 Table 22. Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Justifications (A^= 148) 46 Table 23. Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Self-Handicapping (iV= 148) 46 Table 24. Summary of Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Supplication (A^= 148) 47 Table 25. Summary of Exploratory Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Total Self-Presentation Tactics (A^ = 1 48) 48 Table 26. Summary of Exploratory Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Assertive Self-Presentation Tactics (N = 1 48) 49 Table 27. Summary of Exploratory Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Defensive Self-Presentation Tactics (TV^ = 1 48) 50 Table 28. Summary of Exploratory Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Apologies (A'^ = 1 48) 51 Table 29. Summary of Exploratory Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Blasting (A^= 148) 52 Table 30. Summary of Exploratory Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Disclaimers (N = 148) 53 Table 3 1 . Summary of Exploratory Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Enhancement (A^ - 148) 54 IX Table 32. Summary of Exploratory Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Entitlement (A^= 148) 55 Table 33. Summary of Exploratory Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Excuses (A'^ = 1 48) 56 Table 34. Summary of Exploratory Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Exemplification (A'^ = 1 48) 57 Table 35. Summary of Exploratory Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Ingratiation(A^= 148) 58 Table 36. Summary of Exploratory Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Intimidation (A'^= 148) 59 Table 37. Summary of Exploratory Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Justifications (A^ = 1 48) 60 Table 38. Summary of Exploratory Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Self-Handicapping (iV= 148) 61 Table 39. Summary of Exploratory Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis for Prediction of Supplication (A'^ = 148) 62 Table 40. Squared Semi-Partial Correlations (^test) for Hierarchical Multiple Regressions of Self-Presentation Tactics on Psychopathy and Self-Monitoring (A^= 148) 64 Table 41.
Recommended publications
  • Self-Presentation Tactics in Social Media Han-Yun HUANG
    2014 International Conference on Social Science (ICSS 2014) Self-presentation Tactics in Social Media Han-Yun HUANG School of Journalism and Communication, Xiamen University, Fujian, China. Keywords: Self-presentation, Social Media, Adolescents Abstract. Social media now are very popular. Many people use them everywhere through mobile phones. One of the most important motives people using social media is for self-presentation. This study focuses on discussing the self-presentation tactics adolescents use in social media. The results show that adolescents mainly use four self-presentation tactics in social media, namely, self-promotion, ingratiation, manipulation and damage control. These four self-presentation tactics will be discussed in details. Introduction Social media are applications that enable people to interact with each other and build social networks that increase social capital (Barnes, 2008). Kaplan and Haenlein (2010) defined social media more theoretically as “a group of Internet-based applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0, which allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content” (p. 64). Spannerworks (2007) gave a similar working definition of social media as new kinds of online media that share most or all of the characteristics of participation, openness, conversation, community and connectedness. Comm (2010) suggested that the “social” part of social media means that “publishing is now about participation” (Comm, 2010, p. 3). Those who use social media sufficiently create not only content, but also conversations, and those conversations combine further to create communities (Comm, 2010). Results from focus groups among adolescents in urban China indicated that IM, SNS, blogs, and microblogs were their four most widely used social media.
    [Show full text]
  • Tactics of Impression Management: Relative Success on Workplace Relationship Dr Rajeshwari Gwal1 ABSTRACT
    The International Journal of Indian Psychology ISSN 2348-5396 (e) | ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) Volume 2, Issue 2, Paper ID: B00362V2I22015 http://www.ijip.in | January to March 2015 Tactics of Impression Management: Relative Success on Workplace Relationship Dr Rajeshwari Gwal1 ABSTRACT: Impression Management, the process by which people control the impressions others form of them, plays an important role in inter-personal behavior. All kinds of organizations consist of individuals with variety of personal characteristics; therefore those are important to manage them effectively. Identifying the behavior manner of each of these personal characteristics, interactions among them and interpersonal relations are on the basis of the impressions given and taken. Understanding one of the important determinants of individual’s social relations helps to get a broader insight of human beings. Employees try to sculpture their relationships in organizational settings as well. Impression management turns out to be a continuous activity among newcomers, used in order to be accepted by the organization, and among those who have matured with the organization, used in order to be influential (Demir, 2002). Keywords: Impression Management, Self Promotion, Ingratiation, Exemplification, Intimidation, Supplication INTRODUCTION: When two individuals or parties meet, both form a judgment about each other. Impression Management theorists believe that it is a primary human motive; both inside and outside the organization (Provis,2010) to avoid being evaluated negatively (Jain,2012). Goffman (1959) initially started with the study of impression management by introducing a framework describing the way one presents them and how others might perceive that presentation (Cole, Rozelle, 2011). The first party consciously chooses a behavior to present to the second party in anticipation of a desired effect.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Emergent Personality Disorder Among Adolescents: the Effect
    Developing a ‘Profile’ of Emergent Personality Disorder Among Adolescents: The Effect on Treatment Outcomes in the IMPACT Adolescent Depression Study Katarzyna Mullan D.Clin.Psy Thesis (Volume 1), 2017 University College London Doctorate in Clinical Psychology Declaration Form I confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. Signature: Name: Katarzyna Mullan Date: 5th October 2017 OVERVIEW PART I is a systematic review of existing research investigating the relationship between peer victimisation in childhood and subsequent emergence of personality disorder (PD) in adolescence or adulthood. The quality of current evidence and key outcomes are considered, while potential mechanisms that could account for a peer victimisation-PD relationship are explored by drawing on theoretical models of PD development. PART II comprises of an empirical study involving secondary analysis of data from the IMPACT Trial (Goodyer et al, 2016). The study focuses on the development of an emergent Personality Disorder ‘profile’ among adolescents with a diagnosis of major depression, and subsequently exploring whether this profile predicts depression treatment outcomes for young people in terms of depression severity, rates of recovery and withdrawal from treatment. PART III is a critical appraisal of the research process overall. The experience of conducting the research is reflected upon, including how the project developed in the context of the author’s professional, intellectual and personal interests. Strengths and limitations of the research are considered as well as ideas for how it could be expanded in future. 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank Professor Peter Fonagy for his unfailing support and encouragement, not only throughout the process of writing the thesis but through the entire course of my clinical training.
    [Show full text]
  • Restorative Justice and Child Sexual Abuse
    Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. Breaking the Silence: Restorative Justice and Child Sexual Abuse A Thesis Presented In Partial Fulfilment Of The Requirements For The Degree Of Doctor of Philosophy In Social Policy At Massey University, Albany, New Zealand. Shirley Jean JLilich (nee Dawson) 2001 Abstract This research investigated the relationship between justice and child sexual abuse from the perspective of adult survivors. Utilising participant observation, unstructured interviews and fo cus groups within a fe minist framework, 21 adult surviv�rs of child sexual abuse (18 women and 3 men) were consulted to identify issues that were problematic fo r them. In addition, 2 jurors, 1 judge and 2 counsellors were interviewed. The findings indicated that child sexual abuse has been shrouded by a conspiracy of silence, caused partly by deeply entrenched structures within society. These fo rces combined with the complexity of recovery, including the possible impacts of Stockholm Syndrome, and the perceived inability of the criminal justice system to meet their needs, have appeared to silence many survivors of child sexual abuse. A review of the economic consequences and an analysis of the subsequent costs of child sexual abuse have indicated the need to implement programmes that would lessen the burden fo r victims, offenders, their families and the broader society. Survivors cautiously suggested that restorative justice might be sufficiently flexible to encourage victims of child sexual abuse to criminally report, thereby breaking the silence.
    [Show full text]
  • Use of Impression Management Strategies in Response to a Feedback
    USE OF IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN RESPONSE TO A FEEDBACK INTERVENTION A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the North Dakota State University of Agriculture and Applied Science By Jacob Scott Nelson In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Major Department: Communication May 2019 Fargo, North Dakota North Dakota State University Graduate School Title Use of Impression Management Strategies in Response to a Feedback Intervention By Jacob Scott Nelson The Supervisory Committee certifies that this disquisition complies with North Dakota State University’s regulations and meets the accepted standards for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: Catherine Kingsley Westerman Chair Pamela Emanuelson Justin Walden Approved: 5/21/2019 Stephenson Beck Date Department Chair ABSTRACT Providing performance feedback in a way that leads to improved performance is an integral aspect to the success of an organization. Past research shows the feedback does not always improve employee performance. Characteristics of feedback can direct attention away from improved performance and toward attention to the self. This study examined the impact of characteristics of feedback delivery on individuals’ tendency to use impression management strategies (exemplification, self-promotion, ingratiation, supplication). The results indicate that participants did not use impression management differently when feedback was delivered publicly versus privately. However, participants reported a higher likelihood to use ingratiation and self-promotion strategies after receiving negative than positive feedback. Discussion of results, along with limitations and directions for future research, are discussed. Keywords: impression management, feedback intervention, privacy, valence iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author would like to recognize his thesis committee Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Workplace Bullying and Harassment
    Law and Policy Remedies for Workplace Bullying in Higher Education: An Update and Further Developments in the Law and Policy John Dayton, J.D., Ed. D.* A dark and not so well kept secret lurks the halls of higher education institutions. Even among people who should certainly know better than to tolerate such abuse, personnel misconduct in the form of workplace bullying remains a serious but largely neglected problem.1 A problem so serious it can devastate academic programs and the people in them. If allowed to maraud unchecked, workplace bullies can poison the office culture; shut down progress and productivity; drive off the most promising and productive people; and make the workplace increasingly toxic for everyone who remains in the bully dominated environment.2 A toxic workplace can even turn deadly when stress begins to take its all too predictable toll on victims’ mental and physical health, or interpersonal stress leads to acts of violence.3 Higher education institutions are especially vulnerable to some of the most toxic forms of workplace bullying. When workplace bullies are tenured professors they can become like bullying zombies seemingly invulnerable to efforts to stop them while faculty, staff, students, and even university administrators run for cover apparently unable or unwilling to do anything about the loose-cannons that threaten to sink them all. This article examines the problem of workplace bullying in higher education; reviews possible remedies; and makes suggestions for law and policy reforms to more effectively address this very serious but too often tolerated problem in higher education. * This article is dedicated to the memory of Anne Proffitt Dupre, Co-Director of the Education Law Consortium, Professor of Law, Law Clerk for the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Ingratiation and Self-Promotion Children's Differentiation Between
    Ingratiation and Self-Promotion 1 RUNNING HEAD: Ingratiation and Self-Promotion Children’s differentiation between ingratiation and self-promotion Dawn Watling and Robin Banerjee University of Sussex, UK Author Note We would like to extend our thanks and appreciation to the children and staff at the schools that participated in this study. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Dr. Dawn Watling, Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK. Email: [email protected] Ingratiation and Self-Promotion 2 Abstract Previous research has demonstrated that 10-year-olds can provide interpersonal explanations for certain self-presentational tactics, but detailed information about the development of their understanding of these tactics is lacking. This research investigated children’s understanding of the processes involved in ingratiation (used to indicate likeability) and self-promotion (used to indicate competence). In the first study, with a sample of 60 children aged 6-11 years, children saw ingratiation as leading to more positive social evaluation than self- promotion, which was seen as having a more concrete, instrumental function. Additionally, children’s differentiation between ingratiation and self-promotion was correlated with their level of peer preference, as determined through sociometric nominations, particularly for the boys. In a second study, with a sample of 63 children aged 6-11 years, it was found that audience type (peer vs. adult) was related to children’s understanding of the self- presentational tactics: children offered more social evaluation justifications for a self- promotion tactic when the audience was a peer rather than an adult.
    [Show full text]
  • 229 Dispositional and Situational Factors As Predictors of Impression
    Dispositional and Situational Factors as Predictors of Impression Management Behaviors Brian Nagy Bradley University Micki Kacmar University of Alabama Ken Harris Indiana University Southeast ABSTRACT Employing social influence theory, we empirically examine four variables as predictors of impression management behavior enactment. Our findings, based on responses from 144 full-time state workers, suggest numerous significant relationships. Specifically, we offer evidence indicating the existence of negative relationships between core self- evaluations and the use of self-promotion, ingratiation, exemplification, intimidation, and supplication. Our findings also suggest a negative relationship between managerial support and the use of self-promotion. Finally, we report evidence of positive relationships between interaction frequency and exemplification, and between job strain and supplication. Implications of the findings are discussed and future research opportunities are suggested. Introduction Impression management (IM) research focuses on the ways individuals behave in order to create and manipulate images and perceptions of themselves in the minds of others (Bozeman & Kacmar, 1997). Formally defined, IM is the process by which individuals present information about themselves in order to appear as they wish others to perceive them (Rosenfeld, Giacalone, & Riordan, 1995). A variety of IM tactics can be employed in the workplace by subordinates to sway the perceptions, sentiments, and decisions made by organizational superiors (King, 2004). Ingratiation (i.e., complimenting others), self-promotion (i.e., talking highly about oneself), exemplification (i.e., serving as a role model), intimidation (i.e., acting in a threatening manner), and supplication (i.e., acting helpless) are five of the most researched dimensions of IM in the literature today (Bolino, Kacmar, Turnley, & Gilstrap, 2008; Bolino & Turnley, 1999).
    [Show full text]
  • Middle-School Girls' Behavioral Responses to Ostracism: How Much Does Inclusion Cost?
    Illinois State University ISU ReD: Research and eData Theses and Dissertations 6-26-2015 Middle-School Girls' Behavioral Responses to Ostracism: How Much Does Inclusion Cost? Ashley Leja Illinois State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/etd Part of the Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Leja, Ashley, "Middle-School Girls' Behavioral Responses to Ostracism: How Much Does Inclusion Cost?" (2015). Theses and Dissertations. 734. https://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/etd/734 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ISU ReD: Research and eData. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ISU ReD: Research and eData. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MIDDLE-SCHOOL GIRLS’ BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES TO OSTRACISM: HOW MUCH DOES INCLUSION COST? Ashley M. Leja 132 Pages Bullying among school-aged children is problematic in the U.S., with 22% of students aged 12-18 years reporting experiences with bullying at school (Zhang, Musu- Gillette, & Oudekerk, 2016). Whereas early bullying research focused heavily on the physical bullying common among boys, more recent studies have included examinations of bullying using relational aggression. Defined as removing or threatening to remove relationships to cause harm to another, relational aggression includes behaviors such as spreading lies, gossiping, or ignoring a peer and has been found to be more common among girls (Crick & Grotpeter, 1995; Cullerton-Sen & Crick, 2005; Murray-Close et al., 2007). A specialized form of relational aggression that has been relatively under investigated among adolescents involves ostracism, the excluding or ignoring of others by individuals or groups (Williams, 2009).
    [Show full text]
  • The Crime Drop and the Security Hypothesis
    British Society of Criminology Newsletter, No. 71, Winter 2012 Reflections on the Jimmy Savile disclosures Grooming and denial behind the masks of masculinities Malcolm Cowburn Professor of Applied Social Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University The disclosures concerning the predatory sexual nature of Jimmy Savile raise questions about what inhibits victim-survivors of sex crimes from reporting the harm that was done to them. Linked to this it focuses attention on cultures that support, explicitly or tacitly, male predatory sexual behaviours. This brief paper draws together a mixture of personal experience, a reflection on grooming and male dominated culture, consideration of social denial of sexual harms, and ends by highlighting the need to develop cultures wherein victim-survivors of sexual assault are not silenced. My personal reflection is in many ways troubling and irresolvable. Many years ago I was involved in helping workers - in the criminal justice system and social services - deal with unfolding issues related to the sexual abuse of many children by groups of adults. It is not appropriate, here, to identify this situation, but suffice it to say that it received national attention in the media. One element that recurred in my discussions with staff was that the children spoke of being taken to ‘big/posh’ houses where they were abused. The name of Jimmy Savile and other unnamed senior public figures occurred in these peripheral disclosures. These disclosures were not of a kind that could be followed up – they lacked detail and I was only hearing them third or fourth hand. However, whatever their status the disclosures left me with two unresolved issues – that powerful public people may be involved in the sexual abuse of children and that if this was the case it was very difficult, if not impossible, to bring a prosecution against them.
    [Show full text]
  • The Dark Side of Personality at Work
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Management Department Faculty Publications Management Department 2013 The dark side of personality at work Seth M. Spain Binghamton University, [email protected] Peter D. Harms University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] James M. Lebreton Pennsylvania State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/managementfacpub Spain, Seth M.; Harms, Peter D.; and Lebreton, James M., "The dark side of personality at work" (2013). Management Department Faculty Publications. 99. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/managementfacpub/99 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Management Department at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Management Department Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Published in Journal of Organizational Behavior (2013); DOI: 10.1002/job.1894 Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Used by permission. Submitted May 1, 2012; revised July 7, 2013; accepted July 22, 2013; published onlineAugust 30, 2013. The dark side of personality at work Seth M. Spain,1 Peter Harms,2 and James M. Lebreton 3 1. School of Management, Binghamton University, Vestal, NY USA. 2. Department of Management, College of Business Administration, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA. 3. Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. Corresponding author — Seth M. Spain, School of Management, Binghamton University, Vestal, NY, USA; email [email protected] Abstract Although there has been increasing interest in dark personality traits in the organizational sciences, these char- acteristics remain relatively understudied and somewhat misunderstood.
    [Show full text]
  • Psychopathy and Persuasion 1 Running Head
    Psychopathy and persuasion 1 Running Head: Psychopathy and persuasion Psychopathy and ratings of persuasiveness: Examining their relations in weaker and stronger contexts Brandon Weiss University of Georgia Donald R. Lynam Purdue University Joshua D. Miller University of Georgia Correspondence to Brandon Weiss or Josh Miller, 125 Baldwin Street, Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602. Emails: [email protected] or [email protected]. Psychopathy and persuasion 2 Abstract Previous work has demonstrated mostly null to small associations between boldness and externalizing behaviors associated with psychopathy. The present study replicates this finding and examines an alternative manner in which boldness may be relevant to the construct of psychopathy, namely by enhancing psychopathic individuals’ capacity for interpersonal manipulation. Using data collected from an MTurk sample, we measured persuasiveness using ratings of video-recorded product pitches and examined the relations between psychopathic and general traits and persuasiveness across “weaker” (improvised) and “stronger” (scripted) conditions. Boldness exhibited a small, positive relation with perceived persuasiveness in the improvised condition only; conversely, psychopathic traits related to antagonism/meanness and disinhibition exhibited small negative associations with persuasiveness and trust in the scripted condition. The results suggest that boldness may help individuals persuade others so as to achieve desired outcomes, although the effect was quite
    [Show full text]