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Flint Water Treatment Plant Improvements Plan January 30, 2017

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Flint Water Treatment Plant Improvements Plan January 30, 2017 CITY OF FLINT, MICHIGAN Flint Water Treatment Plant Improvements Plan January 30, 2017 FINAL REPORT Flint Water Treatment Plant Improvements Plan City of Flint, Michigan January 30, 2017 Table of Contents Section 1 Executive Summary .......................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Summary of Alternatives and Recommended Improvements .............................................................. 1-2 1.2 Recommended Project Delivery Approach and Schedule....................................................................... 1-7 1.3 Remaining Work ....................................................................................................................................................... 1-8 Section 2 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Background ................................................................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.2 Work Completed To-Date ..................................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.3 Work Remaining ....................................................................................................................................................... 2-3 2.4 Organization of this Report .................................................................................................................................. 2-3 Section 3 Raw Water Storage ........................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................ 3-1 3.2 Backup Sources of Supply ..................................................................................................................................... 3-1 3.2.1 Onsite Raw Water Storage ...................................................................................................................... 3-1 3.2.2 Finished Water Storage ............................................................................................................................ 3-1 3.2.3 Connection with Adjoining System ..................................................................................................... 3-2 3.3 Raw Water Transmission Components .......................................................................................................... 3-2 3.3.1 KWA Lake Huron Intake .......................................................................................................................... 3-3 3.3.2 KWA Lake Huron Pump Station ............................................................................................................ 3-3 3.3.3 KWA Booster Pump Station .................................................................................................................... 3-3 3.3.4 GCDC Raw Water Impoundment and Pump Station .................................................................... 3-3 3.4 Raw Water Storage Issues .................................................................................................................................... 3-4 3.4.1 Flint WTP Capacity ..................................................................................................................................... 3-4 3.4.2 Transmission Main Repair Time .......................................................................................................... 3-4 3.4.3 Storage Volume Requirements.............................................................................................................. 3-4 3.4.4 WTP No. 1 Demolition ............................................................................................................................... 3-4 3.5 Storage Options ......................................................................................................................................................... 3-5 3.5.1 Surface Impoundment .............................................................................................................................. 3-5 3.5.2 Open Top Prestressed Concrete Tank(s) .......................................................................................... 3-7 3.5.3 Closed Top Prestressed Concrete Tank(s) ....................................................................................... 3-9 3.6 Operational Considerations ...............................................................................................................................3-10 3.6.1 Influent Flow Control ..............................................................................................................................3-10 3.6.2 Raw Water Pumping ................................................................................................................................3-11 3.6.3 Baffling and Mixing ...................................................................................................................................3-11 3.7 Operational Costs ...................................................................................................................................................3-11 3.7.1 Earthen Impoundment ...........................................................................................................................3-12 3.7.2 Prestressed Concrete Tank(s) .............................................................................................................3-12 3.8 Raw Water Storage Evaluation .........................................................................................................................3-12 3.9 Recommendation ...................................................................................................................................................3-14 Section 4 Water Treatment Improvements ...................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Regulations and Water Quality Goals .............................................................................................................. 4-1 4.1.1 Summary of Drinking Water Regulations ......................................................................................... 4-1 i Table of Contents 4.1.2 Water Quality Goal-Setting Process..................................................................................................... 4-5 4.1.3 Summary – Water Quality and Operational Goal Matrix ......................................................... 4-11 4.2 Lake Huron Water Quality Trends ................................................................................................................. 4-11 4.3 Existing Process Description ............................................................................................................................ 4-16 4.3.1 Treatment Process Train ...................................................................................................................... 4-16 4.3.2 Chemical Systems ..................................................................................................................................... 4-16 4.3.3 Process Design Criteria .......................................................................................................................... 4-17 4.4 Treatment Process Evaluation ......................................................................................................................... 4-18 4.4.1 Screening of Process Train Alternatives ........................................................................................ 4-18 4.4.2 Evaluation of Unit Process Alternatives ......................................................................................... 4-20 4.5 Preoxidation............................................................................................................................................................. 4-21 4.5.1 Treatment Objectives and Approach ............................................................................................... 4-21 4.5.2 Description of Design Alternatives ................................................................................................... 4-22 4.5.3 Evaluation of Design Alternatives ..................................................................................................... 4-23 4.5.4 Recommended Design Alternative ................................................................................................... 4-26 4.5.5 Process Design Criteria .......................................................................................................................... 4-26 4.5.6 Major Equipment Components ........................................................................................................... 4-31 4.6 Rapid Mixing ............................................................................................................................................................ 4-33 4.6.1 Treatment Objectives and Approach ............................................................................................... 4-33 4.6.2 Description of Design Alternatives ................................................................................................... 4-34 4.6.3 Evaluation of Design Alternatives ....................................................................................................
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