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Harmful Algal Bloom Management and Response: Assessment and Plan Harmful Algal Bloom Management and Response: Assessment and Plan Interagency Working Group on Harmful Algal Blooms, Hypoxia, and Human Health September 2008 This document should be cited as follows: Jewett, E.B., Lopez, C.B., Dortch, Q., Etheridge, S.M, Backer, L.C. 2008. Harmful Algal Bloom Management and Response: Assessment and Plan. Interagency Working Group on Harmful Algal Blooms, Hypoxia, and Human Health of the Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology. Washington, DC. Acknowledgements Many scientists and managers from Federal and state agencies, universities, and research institutions contributed to the knowledge base upon which this assessment depends. Many thanks to all who contributed to this report, including Lynn Dancy of NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science who providing a thorough copy editing. Cover Photo Credits Background center: Cochlodinium polykrikoides bloom in Virginia. Photo courtesy of Christy Everett, Chesapeake Bay Foundation. Upper left: Fish kill due to Prymnesium parvum bloom on Lake Granbury in Texas. Photo courtesy of Joan Glass, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Upper right: Fish kill along Padre Island, Texas during 2006 Karenia bloom. Photo courtesy of Alex Nunez, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Lower left: A mussel cage used in the Washington Department of Health’s Sentinel Mussel Biotoxin Monitoring Program, photo courtesy of Liz Cox-Bolin and Frank Cox. Lower right: Filtering for microcystin analysis in Lake Erie, photo courtesy of Steve Wilhelm. ii Harmful Algal Bloom Management and Response: Assessment and Plan Council on Environmental Quality Office of Science and Technology Policy Executive Office of the President Dear Partners and Friends in our Ocean and Coastal Community, We are pleased to transmit to you this report, Harmful Algal Bloom Management and Response: Assessment and Plan. This document reviews and evaluates Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) management and response efforts, identifies current prevention, control, and mitigation programs for HABs, and presents an innovative research, event response, and infrastructure development plan for advancing the response to HABs. In December 2004, Congress enacted and the President signed into law the Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Amendments Act of 2004, (HABHRCA 2004). The reauthorization of HABHRCA acknowledged that HABs are one of the most scientifically complex and economically damaging coastal issues challenging our ability to safeguard the health of our Nation’s coastal ecosystems. The Administration further recognized the importance of HABs as a high priority national issue by specifically calling for the implementation of HABHRCA in the President’s U.S. Ocean Action Plan. HABHRCA 2004 requires four reports to assess and recommend research programs on HABs in U.S. waters. This document comprises two linked reports specifically aimed at improving HAB management and response: the Prediction and Response Report and the follow-up plan, the National Scientific Research, Development, Demonstration, and Technology Transfer (RDDTT) Plan on Reducing Impacts from Harmful Algal Blooms. This document was prepared by the Interagency Working Group on Harmful Algal Blooms, Hypoxia, and Human Health, which was chartered through the Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology of the National Science and Technology Council and the Interagency Committee on Ocean Science and Resource Management Integration. This report complements and expands upon HAB-related priorities identified in Charting the Course for Ocean Science in the United States for the Next Decade: An Ocean Research Priorities Plan and Implementation Strategy, recently released by the Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology. It draws from the contributions of numerous experts and stakeholders from federal, state, and local governments, academia, industry, and non-governmental organizations through direct contributions, previous reports and planning efforts, a public comment period, and a workshop convened to develop strategies for a HAB management and response plan. Given the importance of the Nation’s coastal ocean, estuaries, and inland waters to our quality of life, our culture, and the economy, it is imperative that we move forward to better understand and mitigate the impacts of HABs which threaten all of our coasts and inland waters. This report is an effort to assess the extent of federal, state and local efforts to predict and respond to HAB events and to identify opportunities for charting a way forward. Sincerely, James L. Connaughton John H. Marburger III Chairman, Council on Environmental Quality Director Chair, Committee on Ocean Policy Office of Science and Technology Policy Harmful Algal Bloom Management and Response: Assessment and Plan iii Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology (JSOST) Julie Morris, NSF, Acting Co-Chair Richard Spinrad, DOC/NOAA, Co-Chair Dan Walker, OSTP, Co-Chair Arctic Research Commission Department of Transportation John Farrell Todd Ripley *Garrett Brass *Kevin Krick *Alex Landsburg Department of Agriculture *Carl Setterstrom Louie Tupas Alternate: Meryl Broussard Environmental Protection Agency George Gray Department of Commerce Alternate: Steven Hedtke National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration *Timothy Oppelt Steve Murawski Richard Spinrad Executive Office of the President Alternate: Marie Colton Council on Environmental Quality *Ronald Baird Gerhard Kuska *Holly Bamford *Kameran Onley *Colleen Hartman Executive Office of the President Department of Defense Domestic Policy Council Charles Chesnutt Paul Skoczylas Frank Herr *Allison Boyd Alternate: Joan Pope *Annie Holand Alternate: James E. Eckman *Melbourne Briscoe Executive Office of the President *Steve Lubard Office of Management and Budget Emily Woglom Department of Energy Alternate: Kimberly Miller Jerry Elwood *Lewis McCulloch Alternate: James Ahlgrimm *Marcus Peacock *Ari Patrinos Executive Office of the President Department of Health and Human Services Office of Science and Technology Policy Allen Dearry Dan Walker Robert Dickey *David Halpern Michael McGeehin *Teresa Fryberger Alternate: Lorraine Backer Alternate: William Jones Joint Chiefs of Staff Alternate: G. David Williamson Robert Winokur *George Hoskin Alternate: Commander James Kraska *John Kauffman Department of Homeland Security Jonathan Berkson National Aeronautics and Space Administration *Daniel McClellan Jack Kaye Alternate: Eric Lindstrom Department of the Interior *Lucia Tsaoussi James Kendall P. Patrick Leahy National Science Foundation Alternate: John Haines Julie Morris *Linda Gunderson Alternate: H. Larry Clark *Robert LaBelle *Margaret Leinen Department of Justice Marine Mammal Commission Bradford McLane Tim Ragen *Kristen Gustafson David Laist *Vahid Majidi *Peter Oppenheimer Smithsonian Institution Leonard Hirsch Department of State David Balton Alternate: Liz Tirpak *Past JSOST members iv Harmful Algal Bloom Management and Response: Assessment and Plan JSOST Interagency Working Group on Harmful Algal Blooms, Hypoxia and Human Health (IWG-4H) Lorraine C. Backer (Co-Chair) Sherwood Hall Frederick L. Tyson Centers for Disease Control and Food and Drug Administration National Institute of Environmental Prevention Health Sciences Rob Magnien Paul A. Sandifer (Co-Chair) Alternate: Quay Dortch Usha Varanasi National Oceanic and Atmospheric National Oceanic and Atmospheric Alternate.: Walton Dickhoff Administration Administration National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Paula Bontempi Tim Ragen National Aeronautics and Space Alternate: Mike Simpkins William Russo Administration Marine Mammal Commission Barbara T. Walton* Environmental Protection Agency Herbert T. Buxton Teri Rowles United States Geological Survey National Oceanic and Atmospheric Mark Weltz Administration Alternate: Mike O’Neill Stacey M. Etheridge Department of Agriculture Food and Drug Administration Juli Trtanj National Oceanic and Atmospheric David Garrison Administration National Science Foundation JSOST IWG-4H Subcommittee on Harmful Algal Blooms and Hypoxia Quay Dortch (Co-Chair) Rob Magnien National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Lorraine C. Backer (Co-Chair) Tim Ragen Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Alternate: Mike Simpkins Marine Mammal Commission Megan Agy National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Teri Rowles National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Paula Bontempi National Aeronautics and Space Administration Usha Varanasi Alternate.: Walton Dickhoff Herbert T. Buxton National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration United States Geological Survey William Russo Stacey M. Etheridge Barbara T. Walton* Food and Drug Administration Environmental Protection Agency David Garrison Mark Weltz National Science Foundation Alternate: Mike O’Neill Department of Agriculture Primary Authors Elizabeth B. Jewett Stacey M. Etheridge Cary B. Lopez Food and Drug Administration Quay Dortch National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Lorraine C. Backer Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Contributors Mark Poli Peter McGowan United States Army Medical Research Institute of United States Fish and Wildlife Service Infectious Diseases Stephen Brandt, Steve Gittings, Kelly Goodwin, Sheridan MacAuley John Ramsdell, Marc Suddleson, Pat Tester, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Michelle Tomlinson, Vera Trainer, Dwight Trublood National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Paul Becker National
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