27th Colloquium 17th Conference of African Geology of the Geological Society of Africa 21/28 july 2018 Aveiro · Portugal book of abstracts organization University of Aveiro, the GeoBioTec Research Centre and under the auspicies of GSAF - Geological Society of Africa support IMGA - International Medical Geology Association copyright 2018 Aveiro, Portugal, July 21-28, 2018 title Book of Abstracts of the 27th Colloquium of African Geology / 17th Conference of the Geological Society of Africa editors Eduardo Ferreira da Silva, Carla A. Figueiredo Patinha, Nuno Durães, Carla Candeias publisher UA Editora, Universidade de Aveiro address Universidade de Aveiro. Campus de Santiago. 3810-193 Aveiro. Portugal ISBN 978-972-789-557-1 27th Colloquium 17th Conference of African Geology of the Geological Society of Africa 21/28 july 2018 Aveiro · Portugal preface 27th Colloquium of African Geology / 17th Conference of the Geological Society of Africa Aveiro, Portugal July 21 > 28, 2018 iv WELCOME FROM CAG27 LOC On behalf of the Local Organizing Committee of “27th Colloquium of African Geology/17th Conference of the Geological Society of Africa – CAG27”, we would like to welcome you to this important meeting regarding “Africa: The key player for a better and sustainable world” that we feel privileged to host. This Conference, sponsored by the Universidade de Aveiro and the GeoBioTec Research Centre, under the auspices of the Geological Society of Africa (GSAf), is an opportunity to continue the scientific exchanges between researchers from all over the world in the field of Geosciences, and to demonstrate the high scientific research standards that are being carried out over the world. The participants in the conference will have the opportunity to share their expertise in a range of scientific fields, such as geology, geological resources, environmental risks, environment and human health, sustainable development, education, and tourism in Africa. The CAG27 has received considerable international attention from around the world. We are happy to announce that 250 researchers from 38 countries (Algeria, Australia. Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Cameroon, Czech Republic, Dem. Republic. Congo, Dem. Republic of Korea, Egypt, Ethiopia, France, Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Italy, Kenya, Madagascar, Mali, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Malawi, Norway, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Rwanda, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan. Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, United Kingdom, Zambia, and Zimbabwe) will be joining this Conference, highlighting the importance of this event. The conference has been organized into 5 days sessions that include a wide range of topics, such as: S01 – Crustal Evolution of Africa value; S02 – Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology; S03 – Tectonics and structural geology; S04 – Stratigraphy, Sedimentology & Paleontology; S05 – Isotope Geology; S06 – Earth’s mineral resources and sustainable development; S07 – Weathering, Climate and Surface Processes; S08 – Geophysics; S09 – Ocean Sciences; S10 – Geoparks, Geotourism and Geoethics for Promoting Earth Heritage in Africa; S11 – Geohazards, Natural and human-induced environmental hazards and disasters; S12 – Geosciences Education in Africa; S13 – Integrated approaches in Geology (Medical Geology, Geophysics and Geochemistry). The Scientific Committee compiled an interesting program of oral and poster presentations. The CAG27 Board, the committees and all the people involved in this year’s symposium are pleased to present the Book of Abstracts and hope that this document will provide you with an important basis of the recent advances in medical geology. It contains the one-page of the accepted abstracts prepared by each author. The conference includes 5 relevant Plenary Lectures (S. Felix Toteo, Luis Filipe de Menezes Pinheiro, Rui Manuel Soares Dias, Lahcen Daoudi e K’tso Nghargbu), 5 Keynotes (João Mata, Rui Castanhinha, Fernando Tavares Rocha, José Feliciando da Silva Rodrigues e João F.B.D. Fonseca), 2 workshops, as well as 165 oral presentations, organized in 3 parallel sessions and also 83 poster communications. To complement the conference’s academic program, we have also organized two post-conference technical field trip to visit the (a) Thermal/SPA Complex of S. Pedro do Sul and regional geology and (b) the Lourinhã Formation, the paleobiodiversity of Portuguese Upper Jurassic dinosaurs. We are also pleased to welcome you to our city. Aveiro is deeply influenced by a lagoon called “Ria de Aveiro” which gives the city a unique distinctive character, where tradition and nature combine with a keen sense of modernity. Truthful acknowledgments to the Scientific Committee for their reviewing of the conference papers, ensuring that we all have a productive and inspiring CAG27 conference and, also to the administrative staff of Universidade de Aveiro for all their support dealing with the fees and the expenses. My personal thanks to the conference organizers for their detailed and careful preparation of the program and to Prof. Álvaro de Sousa for the creative design of the Conference. We are also greatly indebted to the GeoBioTec Research Centre, FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, , UNESCO, TAP Air Portugal, Termas de S. Pedro do Sul , Museu da Lourinhã, ROCA, TeKa and Sepcanalitica, for their financial support. We sincerely wish you an enjoyable stay in Aveiro. We hope that this event will bring us all together in sharing, debating and constructing knowledge, and provide a forum for meeting new friends and developing new networks and collaborations for our future work. And please, feel at home! Eduardo Ferreira da Silva (Chairman) 27th Colloquium of African Geology / 17th Conference of the Geological Society of Africa Aveiro, Portugal July 21 > 28, 2018 v WELCOME FROM PRESIDENT OF GSA Welcome again to the 27th Colloquium of African Geology taking place in this beautiful city of Aveiro- “the Venice of Portugal.” It is my delight to write a short preface to this abstract volume. Prof. W.G. Kennedy assisted by Tom Clifford convened the first Colloquium of African Geology at the University of Leeds in March 1964. It was eventually taken over by the Geological Society of Africa in 1996. Since then, the Colloquium has grown tremendously This year, a record of 36 countries from the Oceania, South America, Asia, Europe and Africa are represented by their best early career and senior earth scientists. This is one of the highest in recent times, with over 280 registrations and thirteen themes of symposium, ranging from the core geological themes of evolution of Africa, igneous, metamorphic, tectonics and structural geology to, of course the economic geology themes covering mineral resources, and sustainable development. The geoenvironment is adequately covered as themes on ocean sciences, weathering, climate and surface processes, geohazards and natural and human induced environment hazards and geotourism are adequately covered. The not too new but rejuvenated specialisations of geoscience education, and medical geology have attracted interesting attention. In all, about 248 presentations, comprising 165 oral and 83 poster presentation are expected, with the mineral resources and sustainable development and crustal evolution of Africa themes having the highest number of expected presentations of 49 and 39, respectively. It is hoped that these presentations with their depth and resourcefulness, with expectedly new grounds to be broken, will enrich our geoscientific space and do justice to the general theme of the Colloquium- Africa: A key player for a better and sustainable world. Wishing you all fruitful scientific sessions! Prof. Olugbenga Okunlola FNMGS, FASI, FGS. President, Geological Society of Africa 27th Colloquium 17th Conference of African Geology of the Geological Society of Africa 21/28 july 2018 Aveiro · Portugal tribute Manuel Carlos Serrano Pinto (1936-2011) 27th Colloquium of African Geology / 17th Conference of the Geological Society of Africa Aveiro, Portugal July 21 > 28, 2018 vii I congratulate the Organizing Comittee for this tribute , which, as a long lasting friend and colleague of Manuel Carlos Serrano Pinto, I would like it to be the moment for the due recognition. for all he has given to this University, the Geology and intercultural relations. We were friends, not a friendshp made of words, but a continuos companionship for over 60 years. We were togeher both in difficult times (death of parents, brother, mother in law, and his diseases, renal crisis and ocular tension) but also in joyous moments (birth of children and grandchildren) and in various unrepeatable situations as it happened when we spent a whole week eating rice with beheaded mackerels or in a christening ceremony where the baptismal basin was a plastic vase. Married to a an extrovert person with an unlimited capacity to socialize, he was able to establish cicles of conviviality, as, for example, with families Lemos de Sousa (licenciatura), Britaldo Rodrigues (geochemistry) and George Hornnung (dating). We met at Coimbra, at the then Liceu D. João III, althoug not in the same class. His was class D, where 4 of future eminent geologists also were, and he was quicly integrated , having eventually joined the Raposo Marques Orpheon. His capacity, allied to his permanent need for clarity, enabled some colleagues, doing their military service, to complete the Petrology discipline without attending classes, by using his notes. When he had finished his military period he contacted me in Mozambique and I had