DOCSLIB.ORG

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites http://jrp.sagepub.com/ Some natural fibers used in polymer composites and their extraction processes: A review K Palani Kumar and A Shadrach Jeya Sekaran Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 2014 33: 1879 originally published online 3 September 2014 DOI: 10.1177/0731684414548612 The online version of this article can be found at: http://jrp.sagepub.com/content/33/20/1879 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites can be found at: Email Alerts: http://jrp.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://jrp.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://jrp.sagepub.com/content/33/20/1879.refs.html >> Version of Record - Sep 26, 2014 OnlineFirst Version of Record - Sep 3, 2014 What is This? Downloaded from jrp.sagepub.com by guest on September 26, 2014 Original Article Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 2014, Vol. 33(20) 1879–1892 Some natural fibers used in polymer ! The Author(s) 2014 Reprints and permissions: composites and their extraction sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0731684414548612 processes: A review jrp.sagepub.com K Palani Kumar1 and A Shadrach Jeya Sekaran2 Abstract Natural fibers are used as reinforcing materials for more than 2000 years. The need for natural fibers has been emerged due to its weight saving, cost effective, and environmentally superior alternatives to synthetic fibers in composites. The interest in natural fiber reinforced polymer composites has been increased rapidly, due to high performance in mech- anical properties, significant processing advantages, and it also provides a solution to environmental pollution. The main objective of this paper is to review and discuss the natural fibers like banana, aloe vera, kenaf, and sisal fibers and their extraction processes. Keywords Natural fibers, polymer composites, extraction process, review Introduction natural fiber composites is not a new or recent one. Nature is full of examples where in the idea of compos- Natural fibers have good prospective as reinforcements ite materials is used. The coconut palm leaf, for exam- in polymer (thermoplastics, thermosets, and elasto- ple, is nothing but a cantilever, using the concept of mers) composites. Because of high specific properties fiber reinforcement. Wood is a fibrous composite: cel- and low density of natural fibers, composites based lulose fibers have a lignin matrix. The cellulose fibers on these fibers have very good implications in industry.1 have high tensile strength, but they are very flexible, The use of natural fiber composites has been studied by when the lignin matrix joins the fibers and furnishes many researchers. Saravana Bavan and Mohan the stiffness. Bone is yet another example of a natural Kumar2 have studied the potential use of natural composite that supports the weight of various members fibers in composite materials, their availability, process- of the body. It consists of short and soft collagen fibers ing features, mechanical and physical properties, and embedded in a mineral matrix called apatite.5 Fiber some of their applications in India. Lehtiniemi et al.3 reinforced composites have been more prominent have studied the natural fiber-based reinforcements in than other types of composites because most of the epoxy composites processed by filament winding. materials are stronger and stiffer in the fibrous form Nunna et al.4 have studied the significant aspects of natural fiber-based hybrid composites which are found to be predominantly affected by factors which 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Sai Ram Institute of include variation in fiber volume/weight fraction, vari- Technology, Chennai, India ation in stacking sequence of fiber layers, fiber treat- 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, St. Peter’s College of ment, and environmental conditions. Engineering and Technology, Anna University, Chennai, India The technological development depends on advances in the field of materials. Whatever the field may be, the Corresponding author: K Palani Kumar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Sai Ram final limitation on advancement depends on materials. Institute of Technology, Sai Leo Nagar West, Tambaram, Chennai Composite materials, in this regard represent a constant 600 044, India. endeavor of optimization in materials. The idea of Email: [email protected] Downloaded from jrp.sagepub.com by guest on September 26, 2014 1880 Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 33(20) than in any other form. The ultimate aim of the natural The incorporation of natural fibers such as sisal (in fiber composite is to avoid expensive glass fibers and to the form of fibers), ridge gourd (in the form of natural go for biodegradable materials. The biggest advantages woven mat), and coconut leaf sheath (in the form of of using natural fibers in composites are the cost of natural woven mat) into the epoxy matrix shows the materials, their sustainability and density; mainly they moderate improvement in the tensile properties of the have no health hazard. Natural fiber reinforced com- composites. The hybridization of these natural fibers posite has a plate material, which uses sisal, banana, has provided considerable improvement of tensile and roselle for internal and external fixation on human strength when compared to individual reinforcement; body for fractured bone.6 The benefits of using natural this is due to transfer of loads and sharing of loads fiber reinforced composites include improvement of among the fibers.11 Natural fibers have a good potential plastic shrinkage, settlement cracking, low permeabil- in the future. Many types of natural fibers have been ity, greater impact, abrasion, and shatter resistance of investigated and some are under investigation for repla- the matrix material. However, it is clear that the prob- cing plastics. This paper reviews the processing meth- lems of durability are associated with compatibility of ods of selected natural fibers such as banana, aloe vera, fibers and matrix material and environmental effect on kenaf, and sisal. The natural fibers considered in the stress corrosion resulting from interfacial debonding.7 present review and their woven fabric form is presented Analytical hierarchy process method is used to deter- in Figure 1. mine the most suitable natural fiber composites for automotive dashboard panel. Analysis reveals that Banana fiber kenaf 60% +PP is the most suitable material for auto- motive dashboard panel, as it has the highest value Banana fiber, a lignocellulosic fiber, obtained from the (5.2%) among other natural fiber materials.8 Abdul pseudostem of banana plant (Musa sapientum), is a bast Khalil et al.9 have indicated that the best alternative fiber with relatively good mechanical properties. Plant for synthetic fiber composites is natural fiber compos- fibers are sclerenchymatous cells with heavily lignified ites. The natural fiber reinforced composites are typic- cell walls having a narrow lumen in cross section. ally filled or reinforced with plant fibers, as well as Natural fibers possess several advantages over synthetic plastics such as polyvinyl chloride or recently, even fibers such as low density, appropriate stiffness, and bioplastics. Sathiskumar et al.10 have reviewed the mechanical properties and also have high disposability mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural, impact, and renewability. Also, they are recyclable and bio- and dynamic properties as well as thermal and machin- degradable. Banana fibers are used for various pur- ability properties of the composites with and without poses such as in textile, paper, or handicrafts chemically treated fibers. The water absorption capabil- industry. Banana paper is versatile, as it is waterproof ity of the composites and its effect on mechanical prop- and stronger than wood-pulp paper, which means it has erties is also reported. been used in packaging and even as a basis for building Figure 1. Fibers and woven fabrics of different natural fibers. (a) Banana, (b) aloe vera, (c) kenaf, (d) sisal. Downloaded from jrp.sagepub.com by guest on September 26, 2014 Kumar and Jeya Sekaran 1881 materials.12 Banana is a well-known fruit crop which decrease by increasing the diameter of fibers. The diam- has been grown extensively in Indian peninsula. The eter variability has a normal distribution. At lower banana plantation is presented in Figure 2(a). In fact, strain rate, an increase in strain facilitates the amorph- India is the leading producer of this perennial crop. It is ous to crystalline sharing of load. At higher speed, the estimated that, after the harvest of fruits, huge quantity faults dominate with catastrophic failure at the highest of biomass residues (60–80 t/ha) is left over as waste strain rates. Stress–strain curves show strain harden- that constitutes pseudostem, leaves, sucker, etc. There ing.17 The hybrid composites of equivalent weight exists a vast potential of extracting fibers from the ratio of jute and banana reinforced epoxy hybrid com- banana pseudostem. It is estimated that annually posite posses better thermal property and have less 17,000 tons of fibers are extracted from this waste water absorption capacity comparatively. The addition that has been roughly valued as Rs. 85 crores.13 The of banana fiber in the composites increases the tensile, fiber volume fraction and fibers aspect ratio are the flexural,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Post Harvest Profile of Banana: 2015
    POST HARVEST PROFILE OF BANANA: 2015 GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE (DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE & COOPERATION) DIRECTORATE OF MARKETING & INSPECTION BRANCH HEAD OFFICE NAGPUR MRIN P R E F A C E Banana (Musa sapientum) is an important fruit crop in India. Bananas are grown in more than 150 countries, producing 105 million tonnes of fruit per year. The global production of banana is around 102028.17 thousand tons of which India contributes 29.19%. Main banana growing states are Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. The Inter-Ministerial Task Force on Agricultural Marketing Reforms (May, 2002), suggested several measures for strengthening agricultural marketing system in the country for benefiting the farming community to enhance the share of farmers in the ultimate price of their produce as well as for various market functionaries in the new liberalized global market opportunities and to foster true competition among the market players. This profile has been prepared on the recommendation of the Inter-Ministerial Task Force with a view to enable the farming community to scientifically manage the post-harvest operations and to widening awareness for better marketing of the bananas. The profile covers almost all aspects of the marketing, such as post-harvest management, marketing practices, quality standards, grading, packaging, transportation, storage, SPS requirements, marketing problems, marketing information, etc. This “Post-Harvest Profile of Banana” has been prepared by Shri Akshay Yakub, Senior Marketing Officer under the supervision of Shri C R Jena, Deputy Agricultural Marketing Adviser and assisted by Ms. Aparajita Ghosh, Junior Statistical Officer, Directorate of Marketing and Inspection, Branch Head Office, Nagpur.
    [Show full text]
  • Banana Fiber: Environmental Friendly Fabric
    Banana Fiber: Environmental Friendly Fabric Uraiwan Pitimaneeyakul King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, THAILAND [email protected] ABSTRACT Textile production processes release some chemicals that Banana is one of the rhizomatous plants and currently grown contaminate water and soils resources, including fume emission. in 129 countries around the world [1]. It is the fourth most Cultivation of natural fiber, including fibers from plants and important global food crop [2]. Different parts of banana trees animals, requires the use of hazardous pesticide and chemical serve different needs, including fruits as food sources, leaves as fertilizers to control and increase the quality. Some of chemicals food wrapping, and stems for fiber and paper pulp. used during the process are toxic, not-biodegradable and thus change the physical environment. These unbalance natural Historically, banana stems had been used as a source of fiber resources resulting draught, heat, and high temperature of the with the earliest evidence around the 13th century [3]. But its world’s atmosphere [5]. Textile production processes are now popularity was faded after other convenient fibers such as shaping toward the concept of environmental-friendly and cotton and silk were made available. As fiber industry has sustainable development. These ideas are not very new in textile been developing to increase production efficiency, new fibers industry. The progresses have been improving ranges of natural were then developed to effectively respond the consumers’ and environmental (eco)-friendly textile processes. Many efforts need, including the production of man-made fibers using have been made in sciences and technology to develop petroleum to optimize the fiber properties.
    [Show full text]
  • Hideyo Noguchi
    APRIL 2013 FOSTERING GROWTH in AFRICA CONTENTS 4 PRIME MINISTER’S DIARY Ceremony to Commemorate the Second Anniversary of the Great East Japan Earthquake/TPP Negotiations Brief reviews of two of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s recent addresses. COURTESY OF CABINET SECRETARIAT, OF CABINETCOURTESY SECRETARIAT, CABINET PUBRIC OFFICE RELATIONS 5 COVER STORY FOSTERING GROWTH F O S T E R I N G in AFRICA GR O W T H i n AFRIC A In this month’s Cover Story we introduce some of the activities being undertaken by Japan to assist in Africa’s growth, beginning with a preview of the 5th Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD V) and an interview Front cover: Some of the variety with TICAD V Ambassador Makoto Ito. of ways in which the Japanese people profiled in this month’s issue are interacting with Africa 8 Open for Business 18 Support for the Future of South Sudan Profiling some of the many African and Japanese individuals who have been contributing to economic Interviews with two high- growth in Africa through private enterprise. ranking officers of the JSDF who have been dispatched 14 Giving Children a to the world’s newest Better Chance country, South Sudan. OF MINISTRYCOURTESY OF DEFENSE In this feature we look at a campaign led by a Japa- 20 Join with Us as nese private company to improve sanitation in Partners Uganda via the installation in schools, clinics and other places of hand-washing facilities, and at the Zimbabwe Ambassador to Japan and Dean of the well-known continent-wide project led by the Japan African Diplomatic Corps (ADC) His Excellency International Cooperation Agency to strengthen Stuart Comberbach shares his thoughts on Japan- math and science education.
    [Show full text]
  • Use of LCA and Design to Study Sustainable Alternatives to Plastic Takeaway Cutlery and Crockery
    Use of LCA and design to study sustainable alternatives to plastic takeaway cutlery and crockery ANIRUDH MURALIDHARAN GAUTAM Outubro de 2017 Use of LCA and design to study sustainable alternatives to plastic takeaway cutlery and crockery Anirudh Muralidharn Gautam Dissertation submitted for graduation in the Masters in Sustainable Energies Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto Department of Mechanical Engineering outubro de 2017 Master thesis for the completion of the second year of the Masters in Sustainable Energies Candidate: Anirudh Muralidharan Gautam, Nº1150077, [email protected] Academic supervisor: Nídia Caetano Co Supervisor: António Augusto Areosa Martins Masters in Sustainable Energies Department of Mechanical Engineering outubro de 2017 Abstract This thesis looks on alternatives to plastic takeaway cutlery and crockery from areca palm and coconut tree by products. Most of the take away materials used today are made of plastic that is disposed of upon single use. This presents a huge challenge in terms of waste management and pollution. It is widely known that plastic is produced from polymers generated by fossil oil that is explored from the soil and whose natural reserves are limited. Due to its nature, it takes several hundred to thousand years to decompose plastics, releasing toxic substances in the process. This work focuses on reviving the methods and knowledge that existed in the southern and central parts of the Indian subcontinent for producing sustainable goods used in everyday life, aiming to make sustainable cutlery and crockery. The materials that are under study are palm areca sheaths, coconut fibre, shells and banana fibres. A market analysis, design, life cycle analysis and deeper research on the fabrication was made.
    [Show full text]
  • Review on Natural Fiber in Various Pretreatment Conditions for Preparing Perfect Fiber
    Asian Journal of Applied Science and Technology (AJAST) Page | 66 Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages 66-78, March 2017 Review on Natural Fiber in Various Pretreatment Conditions for Preparing Perfect Fiber D.Ramesh Kumar1 and P.Mohanraj2 1Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Adithya Institute of Technology, India. E-mail: [email protected] 2Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Adithya Institute of Technology, India. E-mail: [email protected] Article Received: 23 February 2017 Article Accepted: 06 March 2017 Article Published: 11 March 2017 ABSTRACT In present scenario natural fibers have received much attention because of their light weight, nonabrasive, combustible, nontoxic, low cost and biodegradable properties. Among the various natural fibers, banana fiber was focused for its pretreatment conditions for preparing perfect fiber. In previously many researchers have found various fibers have been pretreated and they obtain its properties and its applications. In this project banana fiber has been taken as natural fiber and it was pretreated and its properties after pretreatment were obtained. The pretreatment was alkali, sodium hydroxide, potassium permanganate treatment, and bleaching was carried out. Then the composite specimen boards were fabricated by various pretreatment banana fiber, polyethylene and matrix. It undergone to mechanical testing, tensile test, hardness test and also SEM analysis was carried out to check their microstructure. The perfect fiber was found by the obtained results from their properties and bonding nature. Keywords: Natural fiber, Filler materials, Resin, Pretreatment and Reinforcement. 1. INTRODUCTION With increasing numbers of applications and mass volume uses, in particular, recording double-digit growth worldwide, disposal of composites after their intended life is already becoming critical, as well as expensive.
    [Show full text]
  • A Research on the Potential of Local Natural Fiber to Produce Handmade Papers for Drawing, Painting and Printmaking Elham Shafae
    A RESEARCH ON THE POTENTIAL OF LOCAL NATURAL FIBER TO PRODUCE HANDMADE PAPERS FOR DRAWING, PAINTING AND PRINTMAKING By ELHAM SHAFAEI DARESTANI Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements For the degree of Master of Arts Universiti Sains Malaysia October 2013 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my endless gratitude to my dear supervisor Dr. Izmer Ahmad. His leadership, support, attention to detail, expertise, understanding and patience have set an example I hope to match someday. I would like to thank Mr. Adnan Mat for his most valuable guidance as a field supervisor. In addition, my special thanks to the staffs and academic staffs of school of Arts who provided me with help and guidance during my study. My sincere appreciation also goes to Dr. Chew Teng Beng, Prof. Fauzan Omar, Mr. Kim Ng, Dr. Choong Kam Kow, Prof. Rahman Mohamad, Mr. Johari Said, Dr. Rashdan Ibrahim and Mr. Abdul Rahman Sani Abdullah, without whose knowledge and assistance this study would not have been successful. I would like to thank Dr. Mazlan Ibrahim from the Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) for his assistance. My special thanks to Dr. Mehran Nejati for his invaluable help in proofreading the manuscript. This research would not have been possible without the USM Fellowship which supported me throughout my Master studies. I wish to express my love and gratitude to my beloved family for their understanding and endless support throughout my academic journey. Last but not least, I would like to acknowledge my alter ego Muzzaimy Moosa, for his love, encouragement and support.
    [Show full text]
  • Kalpana Handmade Paper Industries
    +91-8048007228 Kalpana Handmade Paper Industries https://www.indiamart.com/kalpana-handmade-paper/ We Kalpana Handmade Paper Industries are the leading Manufacture and Exporter of an extensive array of Handmade Papers, Cardboard Gift Boxes, Photo Frame, Designer Wallpaper, etc. About Us Established in the year of 1994, we Kalpana Handmade Paper Industries are the leading, Manufacture and Exporter of an extensive array of Handmade Papers, Cardboard Gift Boxes, Photo Frame, Designer Wallpaper, etc. We are into the service of our clients almost for last ten years and have been successful in doing a commendable job in the field. Our manufacturing of wide range of products is lauded by huge number of clients from India and abroad. We are well prepared in offering the products which do enormous good to the clients by meeting their demands precisely. Our offered products come with great features which help to win the hearts of clients, some of the features which are present in these products possesses attractive colors, available in various design and patterns, beautiful texture, fine finish, durable, quality tested and many more. With the support of highly advanced infrastructural set-up, our company is successfully meeting the diversified and bulk demands of clients within stipulated time period. Our infrastructure spread across a wide landmass and possess huge installation capacity. Moreover, we have categorized our infrastructure into varied other departments, which assists us to carry out streamline business operations. It includes departments such as quality control, sales and marketing, logistics, administrative, warehousing and packaging and many others. Team of highly experienced, talented and dedicated..
    [Show full text]
  • A Nontoxic Approach. Bonnie K
    East Tennessee State University Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Student Works 5-2001 The ompC any of Animals: a Nontoxic Approach. Bonnie K. Foss Boochard East Tennessee State University Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd Part of the Art and Design Commons Recommended Citation Boochard, Bonnie K. Foss, "The ompC any of Animals: a Nontoxic Approach." (2001). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 29. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/29 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE COMPANY OF ANIMALS: A NON-TOXIC APPROACH ________________ A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Department of Art and Design East Tennessee State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Fine Arts in Printmaking _______________ by Bonnie K. Foss Boochard May 2001 _______________ Ralph Slatton, Chair Anita DeAngelis Mike Smith Keywords: Animals, Animal Art, Z*Acryl, Photopolymer, Serigraphy, Silkscreen, Photocopy Transfer, Photolithography, D2P Plates ABSTRACT THE COMPANY OF ANIMALS A NONTOXIC APPROACH by Bonnie Boochard This document investigates the concept of why man creates animal images and introduces the influences and focus of the artwork contained in the public exhibition. These original images focus on the similarities between animal and human personalities. Also included is a brief history of each “ink on paper” printmaking process used and a comparison of the results.
    [Show full text]
  • Boletín Nº 73 Febrero 2010 -..:: EUCALYPTUS ONLINE BOOK
    Boletín Nº 73 - Febrero 2010 Nuestra página web http://www.riadicyp.org.ar/ recibió hasta la fecha: 466.902 visitas NOTICIAS DE LA RIADICYP ........................................................................................................................................ 1 PROYECTOS, TESIS, ETC. DE GRUPOS DE LA RIADICYP...................................................................................... 2 NOTICIAS DE LA RIARREC ......................................................................................................................................... 2 CONVOCATORIAS - COOPERACIÓN - CURSOS – BECAS....................................................................................... 3 INFORMACIONES DE INTERÉS.................................................................................................................................. 6 REVISTAS DE ACCESO ABIERTO ............................................................................................................................ 11 VARIOS DE ESTER FOELKEL Y CELSO FOELKEL ................................................................................................. 12 LLAMADA DE TRABAJOS (CALL FOR PAPERS)...................................................................................................... 13 CONGRESOS, JORNADAS, OTROS ......................................................................................................................... 15 BOLETINES ...............................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Hand Made Paper from Waste
    PROJECT REPORT Of HAND MADE PAPER FROM WASTE PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT This particular pre-feasibility is regarding Hand made paper from Waste . The objective of the pre-feasibility report is primarily to facilitate potential entrepreneurs in project identification for investment and in order to serve his objective; the document covers various aspects of the project concept development, start-up, marketing, finance and management. [We can modify the project capacity and project cost as per your requirement. We can also prepare project report on any subject as per your requirement.] Lucknow Office: Sidhivinayak Building , 27/1/B, Gokhlley Marg, Lucknow-226001 Delhi Office : Multi Disciplinary Training Centre, Gandhi Darshan Rajghat, New Delhi 110002 Email : [email protected] Contact : +91 7526000333, 444, 555 PROJECT REPORT On HAND MADE PAPER FROM WASTE INTRODUCTION The history of paper dates back to the history of human culture and civilization. The ancient Egyptians, Greeks and Romans used a different kind of paper called `papyrus’. To-day’s kind of paper was first developed and used by China and spread to other countries. Growth of human population, need for transfer of knowledge, education and information within the society at large were forcing factors for innovations and notable increase on the production of paper. Modern paper making began in early 19th century in Europe. All most all paper is manufactured using trees as primary source of wood pulp. Paper manufacturing continues to be a concern in modern times from an environmental perspective due to its use of large number of trees, harsh chemicals, huge water consumption resulting in ecological imbalances, pollution and contamination risks.
    [Show full text]
  • Non-Wood for Paper Making: a Review
    International Journal of Advanced Research in Technology and Innovation e-ISSN: 2682-8324 | Vol. 3, No. 2, 28-38, 2021 http://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijarti Non-Wood for Paper Making: A Review Nur Sakinah Mahazir1, Siti Amira Othman1* 1 Faculty Applied Science and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein On Malaysia, Pagoh, Johor *Corresponding Author: [email protected] Accepted: 15 May 2021 | Published: 1 June 2021 _________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: Wood have been uses as main source in making paper and lead to the negative effect of environment. Due to the negative effect, this paper introduces about making paper by non- wood plant. In this paper, banana fibre and pineapple fibre were used to replace wood fibre for paper making. Banana and pineapple fibre also mixed with waste paper and sugarcane bagasse in different ratios and give different analysis. The samples were analysis in their absorbency, tensile strength, bursting strength, abrasion and crease recovery. Banana fibre was used with sugarcane bagasse and wastepaper to produce paper in ratios 20:80, 40:60, 60:40 and 80:40. For pineapples was mixed with sugarcane bagasse and wastepaper in 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, 80:20 and 100:0 ratios. The analysis showed that paper mixed by 100% bagasse and banana fibre have nearly similar in absorbency which are 2.17s and 2.155s respectively. Paper from 100% banana and pineapple have least recovery angle which were 32.5˚ and 32.3˚ respectively. Paper that have lowest recovery angle have potentially uses as wrapping paper. Keywords: paper making, non-wood, fibre _________________________________________________________________________ 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Design and Fabrication of Plantain (BANANA) Fiber Extracting Mechanism
    International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 Index Copernicus Value (2016): 79.57 | Impact Factor (2017): 7.296 Design and Fabrication of Plantain (BANANA) Fiber Extracting Mechanism Mahendra K C1, Virupaksha Gouda H2 1Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rao Bahadur Y Mahabaleswarappa Engineering College, Ballari -583104, Karnataka, India 2Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rao Bahadur Y Mahabaleswarappa Engineering College, Ballari -583104, Karnataka, India Abstract: Objective of the present paper is to design and fabrication of banana fiber extraction equipment to develop high quality banana fiber from banana pseudo stems. Banana fiber offers good mechanical properties. This plant fiber has long been a better source for high quality textiles industries in many parts of the world, especially in Japan and Nepal. Manually extraction of the banana fiber requires proper procedure and its time consuming. Labor expense is also high. Now day’s machines exist for extracting banana fiber with mass production. The number of machines is currently available nowadays, but quality obtained is not up to the optimum level. This can be overcome by fabricating the designing of an extracting mechanism of banana fiber from plant’s pseudo-stem, designing a rotor assembly which consisting of two disks on which six blunt blades are mounted, and a shaft design to drive this rotor assembly and the pulley and powering system for the machine. This paper specifies the new model of machine and its working operation. Keywords: Plantain Fiber, Jute Fiber, Pseudo Stems, Extraction Mechanism. 1. Introduction textile and constructive industry. The banana plant fibers are the agricultural residue of the parent cultivation.
    [Show full text]