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Volume 78 Cover Transactions of the Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society LXXVIII 2004 Transactions of the Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History and Antiquarian Society FOUNDED 20th NOVEMBER, 1862 THIRD SERIES VOLUME LXXVIII Editors: JAMES WILLIAMS, F.S.A.Scot., R. McEWEN ISSN 0141-1292 2004 DUMFRIES Published by the Council of the Society Office-Bearers 2003-2004 and Fellows of the Society President Mrs E Toolis Vice Presidents Mrs J Brann, Mr J Neilson, Miss M Stewart and Mrs M Williams Fellows of the Society Dr J Harper, MBE; Mr J Banks, BSc; Mr A E Truckell, MBE, MA, FMA; Mr A Anderson, BSc; Mr D Adamson, MA; Mr J Chinnock; Mr J H D Gair, MA, JP; Dr J B Wilson, MD and Mr K H Dobie – as Past Presidents. Mr J Williams and Mr L J Masters, MA – appointed under Rule 10. Hon. Secretary Mr R McEwen, 5 Arthur’s Place, Lockerbie DG11 2EB Tel. (01576) 202101 Hon. Membership Secretary Miss H Barrington, 30A Noblehill Avenue, Dumfries DG1 3HR Hon. Treasurer Mr L Murray, 24 Corberry Park, Dumfries DG2 7NG Hon. Librarian Mr R Coleman, 2 Loreburn Park, Dumfries DG1 1LS Tel. (01387) 247297 Assisted by Mr J Williams, 43 New Abbey Road, Dumfries DG2 7LZ Joint Hon. Editors Mr J Williams and Mr R McEwen Hon. Curators Mrs E Kennedy and Ms S Ratchford, both Dumfries Museum Ordinary Members Mrs A Clark, Mr I Cochrane-Dyet, Dr D Devereux, Dr S Graham, Dr B Irving, Mr J McKinnell, Mr I McClumpha, Mr M Taylor, Dr A Terry and Mr M White, Mr J L Williams. CONTENTS The Rookeries of Dumfriesshire 2003 .................................................................... 1 Including comparisons with the surveys of 1908, 1921, 1963, 1975 and 1993 by L R Griffin, D Skilling, R T Smith and J G Young ............ 13 Bog Bodies from Dumfries and Galloway by John Pickin .................................... 31 The Excavation of Multi-Period Remains adjacent to the Banked Enclosure of Warden’s Dykes, Gretna by Iain Banks .......................... 37 Early Historic and Medieval Activity at Chapelton, Haugh of Urr, Dumfries and Galloway by Derek Alexander .................................................... 61 ‘Naked and Unarmoured’: A Reassessment of the Role of the Galwegians at the Battle of the Standard by Ronan Toolis .............................. 79 53 George Street, Whithorn: The Late MedievaL Priory Gatehouse by Christopher E Lowe ...................................................................................... 93 Mary Queen of Scots’ Last Night in Scotland by A E MacRobert.......................... 111 The Dumfries Incorporation of Fleshers, 1658-1829 by A E Truckell.................... 115 Brittonic Place-Names from South-West Scotland, Part 5 by Andrew Breeze ...... 121 Two ‘Bird Hall’ Names in Kirkpatrick Fleming by Carole Hough........................ 125 A Local Treasure-Trove, John Mactaggart’s Scottish Gallovidian Encyclopedia .. 131 Addenda Antiquaria A Final Report on the Lochmaben Court and Council Book 1612-1721 by John B Wilson .................................................................. 139 Sixteenth-Century Town Defences at Annan by Colin Wallace ........................ 141 Searching for Mossknow Tower by Resistivity Survey by James Williams and D Shiel.......................................................................... 142 Reviews From Auchencairn to the Glenkens and Portpatrick: The Journal of David Gibson, 1814-1843 by Innes Macleod (James Williams) ...................... 148 Kirkcudbright: An Alphabetic Guide to its History by David R Collin (James Williams) ................................................................ 148 The People of Kirkcudbright in 1786 and 1788, edited Innes Macleod (James Williams) ............................................................ 149 Roman Artillery by Alan Wilkins (John Gair) .................................................. 149 Minute by Minute, 300 years of Lochmaben History by John B Wilson (John Gair)............................................................................ 150 Obituary Patrick Crichton.................................................................................................. 152 Proceedings .............................................................................................................. 153 EDITORIAL Contributions are invited on the Natural History, Geology, Antiquities and Archaeology including Industrial Archaeology, of South-West Scotland or the Solway Basin, and preference is always given to original work on local subjects. Intending contributors should, in the first instance, apply to the Editors for ‘Instructions to Contributors’, giving the nature and approximate size of their paper. Each contributor has seen a proof of his or her paper and neither the Editors nor the Society hold themselves responsible for the accuracy of scientific, historical or personal information in it. A copy of the current Rules, dated 13th October 1995, appeared in volume 69. The Hon. Secretary, Mr R. McEwen, 5 Arthur’s Place, Lockerbie DG11 2EB, deals with all matters other than membership which are dealt with by the Hon. Membership Secretary, Miss H Barrington, 30A Noblehill Avenue, Dumfries DG1 3HR, Tel: 01387 256666. Exchanges should be sent to the Hon. Assistant Librarian, Mr J. Williams, St Albans, 43 New Abbey Road, Dumfries DG2 7LZ. Exchange volumes are deposited in the Library of Dumfries Museum at which location they may be freely consulted by members. However, as public opening hours may vary, it is recommended that prior contact be made with Museum staff (phone 01387 253374) before visiting. Enquiries regarding back numbers of Transactions - see rear cover - should be made to the Hon. Librarian, Mr R. Coleman, 2 Loreburn Park, Dumfries DG1 1LS. As many of the back numbers are out of stock, members can greatly assist the finances of the Society by arranging for any volumes which are not required, whether of their own or those of deceased members, to be handed in. It follows that volumes marked as out of print may nevertheless be available from time to time. All payments, other than subscriptions, should be made to the Hon. Treasurer, Mr L Murray, 24 Corberry Park, Dumfries DG2 7NG. Payment of subscriptions should be made to Miss H Barrington (see above), on behalf of the Hon. Treasurer. The latter will be pleased to arrange for subscriptions and/or donations to be treated as Gift Aid under the Finance Acts, which can materially increase the income of the Society without, generally, any additional cost to the member. Important Inheritance Tax and Capital Gains Tax concessions are also conferred on individuals by these Acts, in as much as bequests, or transfers of shares or cash to the Society by way of Gift Aid are exempt from these taxes. Limited grants may be available for excavations or other research. Applications should be made prior to 28th February in each year to the Hon. Secretary. Researchers are also reminded of the Mouswald Trust founded by our late President Dr R.C. Reid, which provides grants for work on certain periods. Enquiries and applications for grants to that Trust should be made to Primrose and Gordon, Solicitors, 92 Irish Street, Dumfries DG1 2PF. The Society may also be able to assist with applications for funding from other sources. The Council is indebted to the following bodies for substantial grants towards publication costs viz The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds for the paper on the Dumfriesshire Rookery Census; BP Oil UK Ltd for Dr Bank’s paper on the Warden’s Dykes excavation; Bórd Gas Éireann (Irish Gas) for Mr Alexander’s paper on the Chapelton excavation; Historic Scotland for Mr Lowe’s paper on The Pend, Whithorn; the Ann Hill Bequest Fund for Ms Hough’s paper on Bird Hall Names and Mr William’s note on Mossknow Tower. The inaugural Cormack lecture was given by Mr Fraser Hunter, National Museums of Scotland. A synopsis of the lecture is given in the ‘Procedings’ at the end of this volume. The illustration on the front cover is of the Wamphray cross-slab from the article The Early Church in Dumfriesshire by W.G. Collingwood, in volume XII, Series III (1926) of these Transactions. It is discussed afresh by Prof. Richard Bailey in Whithorn Lecture No. 4 (1996). 1 THE ROOKERIES OF DUMFRIESSHIRE 2003 Including comparisons with the surveys of 1908, 1921, 1963, 1973, 1975, 1993 and 2004 LR Griffin, D Skilling, R T Smith and J G Young Summary The 2003 Dumfriesshire Rookery census has revealed that since 1993, the number of nests has fallen from 25,489 to 17,853, a decline of 30%. Earlier surveys in 1908, 1921 and 1963 had indicated a relatively stable population. Subsequent censuses in 1973, 1975 and 1993 showed a gradual increase, which had amounted to 50% by 1993. The 2003 result shows that the population is once again close to that of 1963. In the light of such a significant reduction in numbers a partial census (29 out of 43 parishes) was carried out during 2004. The results, provided in an appendix, indicate that numbers continue to decline and disperse. Introduction The 2003 census of Rook Corvus frugilegus nests in Dumfriesshire continues a series that, beginning in 1908, now spans a period of 95 years. In 1908, Sir Hugh Gladstone corresponded with ornithologists and Dumfriesshire landowners requesting information on their local rookeries for inclusion in his Birds of Dumfriesshire, then in preparation1. This work also contained censuses of Dumfriesshire’s heronries and Black-headed gull colonies. In 1921, Gladstone repeated the census and again circulated his correspondents
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