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Minute Man National Historical Park: Route 2A Traffic Analysis and Its U.S. Department of Transportation Minute Man National Research and Special Programs Historical Park: Route 2A Administration Traffic Analysis and Its Impact on the Park’s Visitor Experience Prepared for: U.S. Department of the Interior Lexington, Concord, Bedford & Lincoln, Massachusetts National Park Service Minute Man National Historical Park Prepared by: U.S. Department of Transportation Cambridge, Massachusetts Research and Special Programs Administration John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center June 2002 Volpe National Transportation Center Minute Man National Historical Park: Rte 2A Traffic Analysis and Its Impact on the Park’s Visitor Experience Authors Jeff Bryan, Volpe Center David Spiller, Volpe Center Scott Peterson, EG&G Francis Ford, EG&G Date June 28, 2002 Prepared by U.S. Department of Transportation Research and Special Programs Administration John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center Prepared for U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Minute Man National Historical Park Volpe National Transportation Center NOTICE Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or use of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United State Government or any agency thereof. Volpe National Transportation Center Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank the numerous organizations and individuals who graciously provided their time, knowledge and guidance in the development of this report. Those of particular note are listed below. Stakeholders Nancy Nelson, NPS Gregory Cravedi, Hanscom AFB Efi Pagisas, CTPS Mary McShane, CTPS MHD Record Division Town of Concord Town of Bedford Town of Lexington Town Lincoln Steve Lawson, UVT Robert Macintosh, NPS Tom Casey, NPS Bill Brooks, NPS Volpe National Transportation Center Table of Contents 1.0 Purpose of the Study ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Key Concepts ..............................................................................................................................1 1.2 Method of Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 2 2.0 Historical Perspective...................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Battle Road (Historical Context)................................................................................................. 2 2.2 Battle Road (Geographical Context) ........................................................................................... 4 2.3 Minute Man National Historical Park (Historical Context) ....................................................... 4 2.4 Minute Man National Historical Park (Geographical Context) ................................................. 5 2.5 Route 2A .....................................................................................................................................6 3.0 Visitor Experience........................................................................................................................... 6 4.0 Traffic Conditions ......................................................................................................................... 7 4.1 Roadways Impacting the Park................................................................................................... 9 4.1.1 Rte 2A (Concord / Lincoln / Lexington) ............................................................................ 9 4.1.2 Hanscom Drive (Lincoln) .................................................................................................10 4.1.3 Lexington Road (Concord / Lincoln)................................................................................ 10 4.1.4 Bedford Road (Lincoln) .................................................................................................... 10 4.1.5 Airport Road (Lincoln / Lexington) .................................................................................. 10 4.1.6 Massachusetts Avenue (Lexington) .................................................................................. 11 4.1.7 Old Mass Avenue (Lexington).......................................................................................... 11 4.1.8 Route 128/Interstate 95 (Lexington) ................................................................................. 11 4.1.9 Virginia Road (Concord / Lincoln)................................................................................... 11 4.2 Rte 2A Roadway Design ............................................................................................................ 12 4.2.1 Functional Classification................................................................................................... 12 4.2.2 Functional Speed ............................................................................................................... 16 4.2.3 Traffic Volumes ................................................................................................................ 16 4.2.4 Design ............................................................................................................................... 16 4.3 Rte 2A Traffic Volumes: Historical, Current, and Projected......................................................18 4.3.1 Historical ........................................................................................................................... 18 4.3.2 Current............................................................................................................................... 20 4.3.3 Projections......................................................................................................................... 23 4.4 Trip Patterns: Origins, Destinations, & Flows.......................................................................... 23 4.4.1 Origins............................................................................................................................... 23 4.4.2 Destination ........................................................................................................................ 24 4.4.3 Flows ................................................................................................................................. 24 4.5 Analysis of Rte 2A Traffic ......................................................................................................... 25 4.5.1 Volume to Capacity……………………………………………………………………...33 4.5.2 Intersection (Level of Service) .......................................................................................... 33 4.5.4 Pedestrian Access.............................................................................................................. 34 4.5.4 Speed Issues ...................................................................................................................... 35 4.5.5 Accident & Safety ............................................................................................................. 36 4.5.6 Noise Levels ...................................................................................................................... 37 4.6 Current and Future Considerations ........................................................................................... 39 4.6.1 Planning Process through MAPC......................................................................................40 4.6.2 Planning Process through HATS...................................................................................... 40 Volpe National Transportation Center 4.6.3 Future Transportation Projects .......................................................................................... 43 4.6.4 Public Transportation ............................................................................................................... 45 5.0 Optimal Traffic Volume........................................................................................................................ 47 6.0 Alternatives................................................................................ ......................................................... 49 6.1 Rte 2A Redesign Options: Positive Impact on the Visitor Experience...................................... 49 6.2 Designation Status Options as a Means to Improve Rte 2A ...................................................... 55 6.3 Rte 2A Redesign Options With a Possible Negative Impact on the Visitor Experience........... 58 6.4 Framework for a Traffic Management and Road Re-design Plan............................................ 60 Volpe National Transportation Center 1.0 Purpose of the Study Minute Man National Historical Park is located in the towns of Concord, Lexington, and Lincoln Massachusetts. It spans over 900 acres of mixed land use that includes numerous historic sites, structures, trails, and landscapes associated with the American Revolution.
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