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Two New Species of the Genus Temnaspis Lacordaire, 1845, (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea: Megalopodidae) from China and Myanmar, with Notes on the Biology of the Genus

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Two New Species of the Genus Temnaspis Lacordaire, 1845, (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea: Megalopodidae) from China and Myanmar, with Notes on the Biology of the Genus Zootaxa 3737 (4): 379–398 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3737.4.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7CC5D919-FA22-4768-8BB6-6DACFEAEE8D1 Two new species of the genus Temnaspis Lacordaire, 1845, (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea: Megalopodidae) from China and Myanmar, with notes on the biology of the genus KAIQIN LI1,2, ZONGLI LIANG3 & HONGBIN LIANG1,4 1Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. E-mail: [email protected] 2Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China 3Administrative Bureau of Fenshuiling National Reserve, Jinping, Yunnan 661500, China 4Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Two new species of the genus Temnaspis Lacordaire, 1845, family Megalopodidae, are described from China and Myan- mar: Temnaspis puae Li & H.B. Liang, sp. nov., Temnaspis syringa Li & H.B. Liang, sp. nov. Biological notes are pro- vided for Temnaspis syringa. Temnaspis flavicornis Jacoby, 1892 is redescribed and a lectotype designated. A key to species of the genus Temnaspis with black elytra in China and adjacent areas is provided. Key words: Megalopodidae, taxonomy, larva, host plant, parasitoid Introduction The family Megalopodidae is an ancient and relatively small family in Chrysomeloidea (Crowson 1960; Suzuki 1988, 1994, 2003; Reid 1995, 2000; Gómez-Zurita et al. 2007, 2008; Marvaldi et al. 2009). In China, 54 species of Megalopodidae have been recorded, including 22 species of the genus Temnaspis Lacordaire, 1845 (Gressitt & Kimoto 1961; Chen & Pu 1962; Chen 1974; Kimoto & Gressitt 1979; Tan et al. 1980; Medvedev & Sprecher- Uebersax 1997; Medvedev 2002, 2010; Yu & Liang 2002; Silfverberg 2010). Four species of Temnaspis have been recorded in neighbouring Myanmar (Kimoto 2005). In the insect collection of the Institute of Zoology (Beijing), we found a Temnaspis specimen with black elytra, which had been determined as T. nigriceps Baly, 1859. But after careful comparison with type material and original descriptions, we conclude that it represents a new species of Temnaspis, which is described below, with additional material from Myanmar. A key to species of the genus Temnaspis with black elytra in China and adjacent areas is presented. Two other Temnaspis specimens with yellowish-brown elytra, collected from Beijing, have been sent to us by Mr D.K. Zhou. At first we thought they were T. japonica Baly, 1873, which was wrongly recorded from China (Yu & Liang 2002). However our examination of Japanese material of T. japonica shows that this Beijing species is also new. In spring 2012, many adults and larvae were collected in two localities in Beijing, and their biological features were observed in the field. This species is also described below. Material and methods All measurements were made using a Nikon SMZ1500 stereoscopic dissecting microscope with an ocular micrometer. Body length (BL) = the linear distance along the midline from the anterior margin of labrum to the apex of elytra; body width (BW) = elytra width (EW) = the maximum linear distance across elytra; pronotum Accepted by C. Reid: 24 Oct. 2013; published: 21 Nov. 2013 379 length (PL) = the linear distance along the median line of pronotum; pronotum width (PW) = the linear distance across the widest part of the pronotum; pronotum width at apex (PAW) = the linear distance across the apex of the pronotum; pronotum width at base (PBW) = the linear distance across the base of the pronotum; elytra length (EL) = the linear distance from elytral base to the apex of sutural angle. Ratios cited in descriptions are based on these measurements. Dry specimens were soaked in warm water for 1–2 hours. The abdomen was opened at its latero-apical margin and genitalia were pulled out by forceps. Genitalia were soaked in warm 10% KOH for 10–20 minutes, washed in excess water, and dyed with Chlorazol black E, then transferred to glycerin for examination and photography. Photographs of habitus and genitalia were obtained using a digital camera (Canon 450D), sometimes connected to the dissecting microscope. Morphological terminology follows Snodgrass (1935), Chûjô (1952, 1953), Kasap & Crowson (1985) and Lawrence et al. (2010). Abbreviations: BMNH = Natural History Museum, London; IZCAS = National Zoological Museum of China, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing; MNHN = Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; MSNG = Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova. Temnaspis puae Li & H.B. Liang, sp. nov. (Figs 1–14, 39, 51) Material examined. Types. Holotype: m (IZCAS) / CHINA, Yunnan Province, Ruili City, Nongdao Town, Alongba, 900m, 2003.XI.17, Jinxin Song coll. / Holotype Temnaspis puae sp. n., des. by K.Q. Li & H.B. Liang, 2012 [red label] /; paratype (paralectotype of T. flavicornis Jacoby, 1892): 1 f (MSNG), Carin Chebá, 900–1100m, L. Fea, V XII–88 / flavicornis Jac. / Temnaspis flavicornis Jac. [blue label] / Syntype Temnaspis flavicornis Jacoby, 1892 [red label] / Museo Civico di Genova / Paratype Temnaspis puae sp. n., des. by K.Q. Li & H.B. Liang, 2012 [red label] /. Description. BL = 13.5–14.0 mm, BW = 5.0–5.3 mm. Head, pronotum, scutellum, prosternum, meso-, and metaventrite red; labrum, clypeus, antennae, abdomen, metafemora and metatibiae yellow; pro- and mesofemora brown; elytra, tarsi, pro- and mesotibiae black; pubescence on head and pronotum yellow, on elytra black. Head: eyes prominent, inner margin with distinct canthus; vertex coarsely and densely punctate, with small deep median fovea (Figs 3, 7); occiput constricted; clypeus trapezoid, punctate and pubescent laterally; labrum rectangular, densely punctate and pubescent; antennae reaching slightly beyond elytral bases, antennomeres 1–4 cylindrical with sparse long setae, 5–11 strongly flattened and widened, densely pubescent, length of first antennomere 1.3x third antennomere. Thorax: PW/PL = 1.3–1.4, PBW/PAW = 1.1; basal and apical pronotal margins nearly straight; anterior transverse pronotal groove deep laterally, obsolete medially, posterior groove absent; pronotal disc convex, slightly impressed along midline, sparsely punctate and pubescent, punctures sparser than on vertex; lateral margins nearly parallel; each basal angle produced as an indistinct tubercle. Scutellum trapezoid, slightly emarginate at apex, sparsely punctate and pubescent. EL/EW = 1.6–1.7; elytral humeri broad, projecting antero-laterally; elytra laterally slightly widened from humeri to posterior third, then convergent to suture; disc convex, shiny, finely punctate and pubescent; epipleura densely punctate and pubescent. Metaventrite sparsely punctate and pubescent, each side raised to a prominent conical tubercle. Hind femora swollen, with two large ventral teeth at apex, on inner and outer surfaces, outer slightly longer than inner (Figs 4, 8); hind tibiae curved in male (Figs 1–2), less so in female. Abdomen: apex of last abdominal sternite concave in female, rounded in male. Median lobe flattened, strongly curved in lateral view (Fig. 10), sides and apex strongly sclerotised, dorsocentral portion membranous (Figs 10– 12), sides parallel, apex rounded (Fig. 12); median struts rod-shaped, widely separated from each other, 1.5–2.0 times as long as median lobe (Figs 10–11); tegmen trapezoid, basal piece rod-like, tegminal ring gradually narrowed towards parameres, apical margin of parameres with dense setae (Fig. 13); endophallus membranous, with paired elongate stick shaped sclerites at base in repose (EdpS, Figs 10–11). Spiculum relictum short, basal portion strongly sclerotised, apical portion rounded, weakly sclerotised (Fig. 14). Ovipositor long (Fig. 51), base broad, apex narrow, divided into two vaginal palpi, two baculi at each side connected at their bases, the outer short, 380 · Zootaxa 3737 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press LI ET AL. the inner long, coxite strongly sclerotised and sub-quadrate, apical margin with long setae, stylus small and distinct (Fig. 52). Distribution. China (Yunnan); Myanmar (Kayin). Etymology. The specific name puae is proposed in memory of Professor Fuji Pu, who greatly contributed to taxonomy of Chinese Megalopodidae. FIGURES 1–4. Holotype of Temnaspis puae sp. nov., male: 1, dorsal; 2, ventral; 3, head, anterior; 4, teeth of right hind femur, ventral. Scale line = 5.0 mm. (Figs 1–2); scale line = 1.0 mm. (Figs 3–4). FIGURES 5–9. Paratype of Temnaspis puae sp. nov., female: 5, dorsal; 6, ventral; 7, head, anterior; 8, teeth of right hind femur, ventral; 9, labels attached to paratype (paralectotype of T. flavicornis Jacoby). Scale line = 5.0 mm. (Figs 5–6); scale line = 1.0 mm. (Figs 7–8). TWO NEW SPECIES OF TEMNASPIS Zootaxa 3737 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 381 FIGURES 10–14. Holotype of Temnaspis puae sp. nov., male genitalia: 10, aedeagus, lateral; 11, median lobe (Mdl) and median struts (Mds), ventral; 12, median lobe, dorsal view; 13, tegmen (Teg), dorsal; 14, spiculum relictum (Spi), dorsal. Abbreviations: basal piece (Bpi); endophallus (Edp); parameres (Par); sclerites of endophallus (EdpS); tegminal ring (Tgr). Scale line = 2.0 mm. (Figs 10–11); scale line = 1.0 mm. (Figs 12–13); scale line = 0.5 mm. (Fig. 14). FIGURES 15–16. Rubus alceaefolius Poir, at Alongba, Yunnan, possible host plant of Temnaspis puae, sp. nov., showing typical adult megalopodine damage. 382 · Zootaxa 3737 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press LI ET AL. Remarks. On October 2, 2012, H.B. Liang went to Alongba, the type locality of the new species, where he found a few damaged shoots of Rubus alceaefolius (Figs 15–16). From what is known of other Temnaspis species (Yu 1977; Yu & Yang 1994), this was probably caused by Temnaspis adults. No adults were found on this or the succeeding two days. From October 21 to November 7, 2012, our colleague Mr. X. Huang looked for Temnaspis in the same area. He found only one Megalopodinae larva inside a shoot of R. alceaefolius, almost certainly of T. puae, since no other Megalopodidae are known from the area The two syntypes of Temnaspis flavicornis Jacoby, 1892, in MSNG belong to different species.
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