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THE VENERABLE ROMAN CANON: According to the Roman Missal of 200o The single most The valuable Mona painting in the world; Lisa estimated worth: $1 Billion

SANCTUS

Holy, Holy, Holy Lord God of hosts. Heaven and earth are full of your glory. Hosanna in the highest. Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord. Hosanna in the highest. Parallel Layout: Two Sacrifices • Te igitur: through Christ to • Per ipsum: Doxology through the Father Christ to the Father • Commemoration for the • Commemoration for the living dead • Communicantes: First • Nobis quoque: Second () Intercession (Saints) • Hanc Igitur: Offering of us • Supra quae: offering • Epiclesis: calling for the • Unde et Memores: recognizing transformation the transformation CONSECRATION

Te igitur To you, therefore, • Therefore: given all that proceeded most merciful Father, • Including “Heaven and Earth are we make humble filled…” and petition • Directed to God the Father through Jesus Christ, • Through Christ: repeated your Son, our Lord: • The action of Christ himself that you accept and • Humility: worship, adoration bless  • Petition: begging these gifts, these offerings, • Accept and Bless: set aside for …. these holy and • Sign of the Cross: to become the Cross unblemished • Sacrificial language: this is a sacrifice! sacrifices, • Triple = Emphasis and Trinitarian which we offer you firstly • For the : intercessory for your holy . • Communion: “together with” Be pleased to grant her peace, “Peace” and “unity” to guard, unite and govern her • throughout the whole world, • Protection together with • Governance of Univ. Church your servant N. our Pope • Triples and N. our Bishop,* and all those who, • Unity with Pope and Bishop holding to the truth, • Meditate: all those holding to hand on the catholic and apostolic truth the catholic • Doubles: 2 natures; Body and and apostolic faith. Blood

Commemoration of the Living

Remember, Lord, your • Intercessory Prayer for Living servants N. and N. … [pause for silent prayer] • think and pray for those… • and for all here present and all gathered here, whose faith and devotion are known to you. Commemoration of the Living For them, we offer you this Sacrifice offered by each of us sacrifice of praise • for ourselves: petition or they offer it for themselves • for others: intercession and all who are dear to them: for the redemption of their souls, What is the sacrifice for: in hope of health and well- • 2 petitions/: being, 1) redemption and paying their homage to you, 2) health and wellbeing: the eternal God, living and physical and spiritual true. • Homage: praise, adoration,

Communicantes In communion with those whose memory we • Communion venerate, • Communion of Saints: especially the glorious ever- • heaven has opened for us Mary, • saints are present at the Mother of our God and Lord, Mass Jesus Christ, • Special place for Mary † and blessed Joseph, her Spouse, • And St. Joseph your blessed Apostles and • The Apostolic Patrons of , Rome and the East Peter and Paul, Andrew, • : love, honor Communicantes (James, John, Thomas, James, LITANY Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, • The 11 faithful apostles Simon and Jude; • The first three Successors to Linus, Cletus, Clement, Sixtus, Peter: Linus, Cletus, Clement Cornelius, Cyprian, Lawrence, Chrysogonus, John • Other saints revered in the and Paul, Cosmas and Damian) early centuries in Rome and all your Saints; Unity with Rome, Univ. Church we ask that through their merits Communion with all the saints and , • Presence at Mass in all things we may be defended • Their merits and prayers by your protecting help. Defend us in power of Christ. (Through Christ our Lord. Amen.) •

Hanc Igitur • “Therefore, Lord, we pray” • In this great company we pray Therefore, Lord, we pray: • Worship with heaven: heavenly graciously accept this wedding feast of the lamb oblation of our service, • Graciously accept that of your whole family; • free will of God: acceptance is a gift • Oblation of our service • first part of Canon: • our sacrifices: “service” • Our lives as servants to God • “whole family”: whole church, not just here Hanc Igitur

• Order our days in your peace

order… his ways order our days in your peace, • • God brings order creation • Harmony… Peace • In our lives too: peace • peace… Prince of Peace brings us peace in the • not as the world gives Hanc Igitur • Command: God is God, he and command that we be commands delivered from eternal • delivered from hell: think of damnation this and counted among the flock of • Eucharist/Cross saves us those you have chosen. from hell He joins his hands. (Through Christ our Lord. Amen.) • counted among flock • Lamb of God, Shepherd • chosen: I have chosen you, elect

Epiclesis • Epiclesis: Be pleased, O God, we pray, to • Holy Spirit…. bless, acknowledge, • Scapegoat (Lev. 16) and approve this offering in every • Be pleased: God’s will, not respect; ours make it spiritual and acceptable, so that it may become for us • Triple and double the Body and Blood of your most • This offering: our offering, beloved Son, ourselves our Lord Jesus Christ. • Meditate: “most beloved” ….

• love of Father for Son • Transfiguration Epiclesis • Note: asking him to act Be pleased, O God, we pray, • Bless, acknowledge and approve to bless, acknowledge, • Set aside from all other creation and approve this offering in • Recognize our gift every respect; • Approve it as fitting sacrifice make it spiritual and • spiritual and acceptable acceptable, • Spiritual: more than bread so that it may become for Acceptable: purify us/our sacrifices us • the Body and Blood of your • Our sacrifice to be transformed into most beloved Son, Jesus’ sacrifice: Body and Blood our Lord Jesus Christ. • But, “for us”

Consecration • slows down, step by step: On the day before he was to • slow, think, meditate suffer, he took bread in his holy • historical and venerable hands, • re-present and with eyes raised to heaven to • graphic description: you, O God, his almighty Father, • took giving you thanks, he said the • holy and venerable hands blessing, broke the bread • eyes raised to His and gave it to his disciples, Almighty Father saying: • broke, gave • To His disciples Consecration

On the day before he was to • “day…suffer”: reminds us of suffer, he took bread in his holy passion and Cross and venerable hands, • Sacrifice to the Father and with eyes raised to heaven to you, O God, his almighty • “Heaven… Almighty”: Majesty Father, and glory giving you thanks, he said the • “give you thanks”: eucharist blessing, broke the bread • Blessing: Passover and gave it to his disciples, saying: • words of Last Supper and Multiplication Consecration • “accipite”—accept, receive • “This is my Body”—lots to Take this, all of you, meditate on and eat of it, • himself • do we say it back to him for this is my Body, • “Which will be given up for you” which will be given up for • sacrificial language you. • future tense: past, present, eternal • “for you.”

Priest “shows” the Host to the people • Adore Jesus Christ Crucified • Look upon at your Savior • Worship the Son of God

• Psalm 63:2 So I gaze on You in the sanctuary to see Your strength and Your glory. • John 12: 32: “And when I am lifted up from the earth, I will draw all men to Myself.“ • John 19:37: “They will look on him whom they have pierced.”

The Priest Adores the Blessed Sacrament • He stands in persona Christi at the consecration • He kneels as a mere sinner after the consecration • Christ is the actor, not the Priest

Consecration In a similar way: connection to In a similar way, when supper was the Bread/Body ended, When supper was ended he took this precious chalice • Historical: Passover, Last in his holy and venerable hands, Supper and once more giving you thanks, he said the blessing Graphic description: and gave the chalice to his • took disciples, saying: • this • precious chalice • holy and venerable hands • gave

Consecration Take this, all of you, and Take this all of you: he desires drink from it, everyone to eat and drink for this is the chalice of my • but only, as Paul says, if we “discern” what It is blood, • So, ask yourself: what is It? the Blood of the new and • My Blood poured out eternal covenant, Sacrificial which will be poured out for • separate body and blood of you and for many lamb for the forgiveness of sins. • think about his blood Do this in memory of me. pouring out: pain, wounds

Consecration Take this, all of you, and For the forgiveness of sins: drink from it, • love of Jesus for sinners for this is the chalice of my • Sins against him blood, Christ Crucified: the Blood of the new and Luke 23:34: Jesus said, "Father, forgive them, for eternal covenant, they do not know what which will be poured out for they are doing." And they divided up his clothes by you and for many casting lots. for the forgiveness of sins. Do this in memory of me. • The Pharisees, the soldiers, Peter, YOU

Consecration Take this, all of you, and drink “Do this” from it, • A command of the Lord for this is the chalice of my • This blood, the Blood of the new and “In memory of me”: eternal covenant, • Anamnesis: presence which will be poured out for • Be with Him here…and at the you and for many Cross for the forgiveness of sins. Do this in memory of me.

John 19:34: “One of the soldiers, however, pierced his side with a spear, and immediately blood and water poured out.”

John 19:34: “One of the soldiers, however, pierced his side with a spear, and immediately blood and water poured out.”

The Priest again adores the Blessed Sacrament

Mysterium Fidei Part of the Words of “The mystery of faith.” th Consecration from the 7 “Save us, Savior of the century to 1969: world, for by your Cross and Resurrection "This is the chalice of My you have set us free.” blood, of the New and Eternal Testament, the Mystery of Faith, which shall be shed for you and for many unto the forgiveness of sins." Mysterium Fidei St. : “The Evangelists did not intend to hand down the forms of the sacraments, which in the primitive Church had to be kept concealed…their object was to write the story of Christ. …The words added, namely, "eternal" and "mystery of faith," were handed down to the Church by the apostles, who received them from our Lord, according to 1 Corinthians 11:23: "I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you.”(ST III,q.78, a.3)

Pope Innocent III, 1202: “we believe that the apostles have received from Christ the words of the formula found in the Canon, and their successors have received them from the apostles.... Mysterium Fidei • Refers to the Eucharist, not the acclamation • The Eucharist IS the Mystery of Faith: It is truly Jesus, the Cross, the Resurrection, Communion with the Trinity, Economy of Salvation • Innocent III: Mystery of Faith refers especially to the Real Presence: “what is believed differs from what is seen…For what is seen is the appearance of bread and wine and what is believed is the reality of the flesh and blood of Christ and the power of unity and love.... • “Mystery”: not fully explainable/understandable in human terms • People respond to the Mystery of Faith present on the altar.

Unde et Memores

Therefore, O Lord, Mystery of faith: as we celebrate the memorial • passion, resurrection, ascension of the blessed Passion, “Christ, your Son our Lord”: the Resurrection from the dead, • relationship: communion and the glorious Ascension into heaven of Christ, your Son, our Lord, Unde et Memores “we your servants and holy we, your servants and your holy people” people, • servants: priests? offer to your glorious majesty • WE, the Church, the whole from the gifts that you have given church, priest and people us, • Your holy people: are you holy? • “to your glorious majesty”: • praise, humility, adoration, reverence • heaven

Unde et Memores “gifts you have given us”: offer…from the gifts that • God gives us everything: you have given us, • Bread and wine this pure victim, • our whole lives this holy victim, this spotless victim, But now, those gifts are gone: the holy Bread of eternal • New emphasis on 2nd more life important sacrifice and the Chalice of • The Victim: the sacrificed Jesus everlasting salvation. • Not our imperfect sacrifices, but Jesus’ “pure…holy…spotless” • Triple: Trinity and importance

Unde et Memores • “this”: Jesus offer…from the gifts that • victim: sacrificed you have given us, • pure: without sin this pure victim, this holy victim, • holy: completely different: like God this spotless victim, • spotless: like the lambs of OT the holy Bread of eternal life and the Chalice of Irony: “holy bread of eternal life…” everlasting salvation. • think: looks like bread, but it’s not at all Supra quae “Be pleased… serene and kindly Be pleased to look upon these countenance…” offerings • How? Jesus is sacrificed with a serene and kindly • But Father sees more: countenance, • Mystery of Faith • he sees love of his son • salvation of this people • he sees the resurrection and ascension

Supra quae and to accept them, Able, Abraham, Melchizedek: as once you were pleased to • OT priests & sacrifices accept • Eucharist: foreshadowed and fulfills the gifts of your servant Abel Able: Adam and Eve’s Son the just, • First sacrifice the sacrifice of Abraham, our • sacrifice essential to all mankind father in faith, Abraham: father in faith: and the offering of your high • Jewish ritual sacrifices priest Melchizedek, Melchizedek: a holy sacrifice, a spotless • not Jewish, but worshipped Yhwh victim. • foreshadows Christ and His priests

• If God was pleased with those…!!!

Supplices • “In humble prayer”: In humble prayer we ask you, • bowing before “Almighty God” almighty God: • praise: almighty, humble command that these gifts be • reason for prayer….we need to borne recognize by the hands of your holy Angel • By His Command all things are and to your altar on high can be in the sight of your divine • Presence of angels majesty, • heaven to earth, earth to heaven • divine majesty… awe of his glory • praise, adoration Supplices so that all of us, This participation at the altar: who through this • Sharing in the sacrifice of the altar participation at the altar All who receive… receive the most holy Body • Not all who are present and Blood of your Son, Most Holy… + may be filled with • Humility, reverence, awe every grace • Not our sacrifices now, but Jesus’, and heavenly blessing. Not bread and wine anymore (Through Christ our Lord. • Amen.) Every grace…blessing: • Eucharist is source and summit • think of the graces • Heavenly: like saints, who are here Commemoration of the Dead Remember also, Lord, your • Specifically, for the baptized servants N. and N., who have • Importance of Mass for Souls in gone before us with the sign , and offering grace of of faith and rest in the sleep Mass for them. of peace. • Peace, twice Silent prayer. • specifically, for the baptized Grant them, O Lord, we pray, • “all who sleep in Christ”: and all who sleep in Christ, unbaptized but…. a place of refreshment, light and • a chance to also think of peace. heaven…. (Through Christ our Lord. Amen.) Nobis quoque: Second Intercession • Servants…sinners To us, also, your servants, who, • Stakes his breast though sinners, • Humility and repentance, hope in your abundant mercies, again graciously grant some share • So true: trying, but failing and fellowship with your holy • Hoping in abundant mercy Apostles and Martyrs: • Petition: fellowship with saints • Communion • Martyrs • Litany Nobis quoque: Second Intercession • The last prophet with John the Baptist, Stephen, • The first Matthias, Barnabas, • The 12 apostle (Ignatius, Alexander, Marcellinus, th Peter, • The "14 ” apostles Felicity, Perpetua, Agatha, Lucy, • Ignatius: 107ad, disciple of Agnes, Cecilia, Anastasia) Peter and John and all your Saints; • Other saints venerated in Rome • Women saints Nobis quoque: Second Intercession • We beseech: begging admit us, we beseech you, • We don’t deserve: humility into their company, • Adoration, reverence not weighing our merits, • Admit us but granting us your • Into their heavenly fellowship pardon, NOW on earth through Eucharist through Christ our Lord. • Relationship: interpersonal communion

• us…. you…their … • our merits vs. your pardon • Contrition, mercy • Effect of Eucharist on sins Nobis quoque: Second Intercession • All comes through Jesus: mediator Through whom • Mirror of beginning… you continue to make all • “continue”…Mass and heaven these good things, O • all these good things: Lord; • the eucharist and all the grace, you sanctify them, fill communion, etc. that comes from it them with life, bless • Trinitarian: them, • Sanctify: make like God; set apart and bestow them upon Life: not bread, not dead, Living God us. • • Bless them: set them apart for us, for our blessing • bestow them: it is God’s gift: Trinitarian Per ipsum [He raises the chalice and • Praise to the Almighty Father: the paten with host] • Mass is a prayer and sacrifice to Him • Trinity: Eucharist is Trinitarian Through him, and with • invited to communion with the Trinity him, and in him, • To the Father O God, almighty Father, • In the unifying power of the Holy in the unity of the Holy Spirit Spirit, all glory and honor is • Through with and in Jesus yours, for ever and • Jesus is the nexus between God and ever. man • The Eucharist is Jesus, therefore… Amen. • Amen: I believe all of this…