Metamerism & Tagmatization

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Phylum Arthropoda Pt. I Arthropoda Phylogeny Miller and Harley Chap. 14 Fig. 14.2 BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function Arthropoda Taxonomy Metamerism & Tagmatization ● Sub-phylum Trilobitomorpha – Marine, all extinct, 3 longitudinal lobes ● Sub-phylum Chelicerata – 2 tagma (prosoma & opisthosoma), 1st pair of appendages modified into feeding chelicera ● Sub-phylum Myriapoda – Body divided into head and trunk, 4 pairs of head appendages, uniramous appendages ● Sub-phylum Crustacea – Mostly aquatic, head with 2 pairs of antennae, one pair of mandibles, 2 pairs of maxillae, biramous appendages ● Sub-phylum Hexapoda – Body divided into head, thorax and abdomen; 5 pairs of appendages on head, 3 pairs uniramous appendages on thorax only BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function Arthropod Exoskeleton Modifications & Articulations Fig. 14.4 Fig. 14.3 BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function 1 Ecdysis Ecdysis Fig. 14.5 Fig. 14.5 BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function Ecdysis Spider Molting Fig. 14.5 BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function Crab Molting Class Merostomata Fig. 14.8 BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function 2 Class Arachnida Book Lung Order Aranea Fig. 14.12 Fig. 14.9 BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function Excretion Sense Organs Fig. 28.13 & 28.14 Fig. 14.10 & 14.13 BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function Venomous Spiders Brown Recluse Haemolytic Venom Black Widow Brown Recluse Fig. 14.14 BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function 3 Class Arachnida Class Arachnida Order Scorpionida Order Acarina Fig. 14.11 Fig. 14.17 BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function Sub-Phylum Myriapoda Sub-Phylum Myriapoda Class Chilopoda Class Diplopoda Fig. 14.9 Fig. 14.9 Antenna Eye Collum Eye 1st Maxilla Antenna 2nd Maxilla Mandible Maxilla Maxillipede (Venom Gland) 1st Leg BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function Next Class – Arthropoda Pt. II Miller and Harley Chap. 15 BIO2135 – Animal Form and Function 4.

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Hox Gene Duplications Correlate with Posterior Heteronomy in Scorpions
Downloaded from http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/ on February 17, 2015 Hox gene duplications correlate with posterior heteronomy in scorpions Prashant P. Sharma1, Evelyn E. Schwager2, Cassandra G. Extavour2 and Ward C. Wheeler1 rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org 1Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, USA 2Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Research The evolutionary success of the largest animal phylum, Arthropoda, has been attributed to tagmatization, the coordinated evolution of adjacent metameres Cite this article: Sharma PP, Schwager EE, to form morphologically and functionally distinct segmental regions called Extavour CG, Wheeler WC. 2014 Hox gene tagmata. Specification of regional identity is regulated by the Hox genes, of duplications correlate with posterior which 10 are inferred to be present in the ancestor of arthropods. With six heteronomy in scorpions. Proc. R. Soc. B 281: different posterior segmental identities divided into two tagmata, the bauplan of scorpions is the most heteronomous within Chelicerata. Expression 20140661. domains of the anterior eight Hox genes are conserved in previously surveyed http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0661 chelicerates, but it is unknown how Hox genes regionalize the three tagmata of scorpions. Here, we show that the scorpion Centruroides sculpturatus has two paralogues of all Hox genes except Hox3, suggesting cluster and/or whole genome duplication in this arachnid order. Embryonic anterior expression Received: 19 March 2014 domain boundaries of each of the last four pairs of Hox genes (two paralogues Accepted: 22 July 2014 each of Antp, Ubx, abd-A and Abd-B) are unique and distinguish segmental groups, such as pectines, book lungs and the characteristic tail, while main- taining spatial collinearity.
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