Initial Environmental Examination

Project Number: 41220-013 June 2020

PHI: Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management Project

Subproject: Rehabilitation of Lataban-Canta-ub Road in Sierra Bullones, Bohol

Prepared by the Municipality of Sierra Bullones, Province of Bohol for the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 15 June 2020) The date of the currency equivalents must be within 2 months from the date on the cover. Currency unit – peso (PhP) PhP 1.00 = $ 0.01991 $1.00 = PhP 50.2050

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank BDC barangay development council CNC Certificate of Non-Coverage DED detailed engineering design DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources ECA environmentally critical area ECC environmental compliance certificate ECP environmentally critical project EHSM environmental health and safety manager EIA environmental impact assessment EIS environmental impact statement EMB Environmental Management Bureau ESS environmental safeguards specialist IEE initial environmental examination INREMP Integrated Natural Resources and Environment Management Project IP indigenous people IROW infrastructure right of way LGU Local Government Unit MDC Municipal Development Council MPN most probable number NCB national competitive bidding NECA non-environmental critical area NECP non-environmental critical project NIA National Irrigation Administration NPCO National Project Coordinating Office NRM natural resources management OCM overhead, contingencies and miscellaneous PDR project description report PMIC project management implementation consultant PPMO Provincial Project Management Offices PMO Project Management Office PMU project management unit POs peoples’ organizations PSA Philippine Statistics Authority RC reinforced concrete RCPC reinforced concrete pipe culvert RPCO Regional Project Coordinating Offices REA rapid environmental assessment

i ROW right-of-way SB Sangguniang Bayan SBD standard bidding document SPMU Sub-Project Management Unit SPS safeguard policy statement SSS social safeguards specialist TA technical assistance TDS total dissolved solids TOR terms of reference TSP total suspended particulates WMA watershed management area WMPCO Watershed Management and Project Coordination Offices

ii WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

˚C – degree centigrade ha – hectare km – kilometer m – meter m asl – meter above sea level mm – millimeter mg/L – milligram per liter mg/Nm3 – milligram per normal cubic meter ppt – parts per thousand μg/Nm3 – microgram per normal cubic meter µS/cm – microSiemens/cm % – percent

NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars unless otherwise stated.

iii TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 1 II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ...... 2 A. Wahig-Inabanga River Watershed Forest Reserve ...... 2 B. Local Legislations ...... 3 C. Environmental Clearance Requirements ...... 3 1. Government Environmental Laws, Regulations and Guidelines ...... 3 2. ADB Environmental Assessment Requirements ...... 6 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ...... 7 A. Project Overview ...... 7 B. Project Rationale ...... 7 C. Description of the Existing Road ...... 8 D. Project Location ...... 11 E. Project Development Plan ...... 12 1. Project Components ...... 12 2. Description of the Project Phases ...... 15 F. Manpower Requirements ...... 16 G. Project Cost ...... 16 H. Project Duration and Schedule ...... 17 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...... 18 A. Elevation and Slope ...... 18 B. Geology ...... 19 C. Soils ...... 19 D. Water Quality ...... 20 E. Land Classification ...... 21 F. Land Cover and Land Use ...... 21 G. Climate ...... 21 H. Terrestrial Flora and Fauna ...... 22 I. Socio-Economic Conditions ...... 23 1. Population ...... 23 2. Water Supply ...... 24 3. Indigenous Peoples and People’s Organization ...... 24 4. Education ...... 24 5. Health and Sanitation ...... 24 6. Housing ...... 25 7. Income and Expenditure ...... 25 8. Tourism ...... 26 9. Commerce and Industry ...... 26 10. Electricity ...... 26 11. Communication ...... 26 12. Road and Transportation ...... 26 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 27 A. Pre-Construction ...... 28 1. Confirmation of no required resettlement, relocations, and compensation ...... 28 2. Identification and prioritization of road section where concreting will be done ...... 29 3. Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work ...... 29 4. Recruitment of workers ...... 29 B. Construction ...... 29 1. Construction materials acquisition, transport access, and storage system ...... 29

iv 2. Clearing and removal of obstructions ...... 30 3. Soil erosion ...... 30 4. Ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road ...... 30 5. Civil works ...... 30 6. Implementation of noise and dust control measure ...... 31 7. Dust and noise from borrow pits ...... 31 8. Implementation of spoil management and control measure ...... 31 9. Solid and liquid construction waste management system ...... 31 10. Water quality ...... 32 11. Construction drainage system ...... 32 12. Workers health, safety and hygiene ...... 32 13. Traffic safety and management ...... 32 14. Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna) ...... 33 15. Damage to properties ...... 33 16. Concrete washout ...... 33 17. Use of Hazardous Substances ...... 33 18. Public safety ...... 34 C. Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase ...... 34 1. Operation of upgraded access road ...... 34 VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION ...... 34 A. Stakeholder Consultations ...... 34 B. Information Disclosure ...... 36 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ...... 37 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 38 A. Implementation Arrangements ...... 38 B. Environmental Mitigation ...... 40 C. Environmental Monitoring ...... 48 IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ...... 51 A. Conclusion ...... 51 B. Recommendation ...... 52 APPENDICES ...... 53

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Existing Conditions of Lataban-Canta-ub Access Road ...... 10 Figure 2: Location of the Proposed Rehabilitation of the Lataban to Canta-ub Road ...... 11 Figure 3. Section Drawing of RCPC of the Proposed Lataban and Canta-ub Road ...... 13 Figure 4: Design of the riprapping component ...... 15 Figure 5. Elevation and Slope of the Proposed Subproject ...... 18 Figure 6: Soil Types in the Subproject Site ...... 19 Figure 7: Average Monthly Temperature and Rainfall in the area ...... 22 Figure 8: The Subproject Location within the Alijawan-Cansuhay-Anibongan Watershed Forest Reserve ...... 23

v LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Summary List of ECP Types and ECA Categories ...... 4 Table 2: EIS and IEE Requirements for Road and Bridge Projects ...... 5 Table 3: Description of the Existing Subproject per Station ...... 9 Table 4: The Program of Works of the Subproject ...... 17 Table 5: Indicative Subproject Implementation Schedule ...... 18 Table 6: Water Quality Assessment in the Wahig River, Q2 and Q3 of 2017 ...... 20 Table 7: Land Classification of the Influenced Barangays ...... 21 Table 8. Land Use of the Influenced Barangays ...... 21 Table 9: Area Population Growth Rate ...... 23 Table 10. School Participation Rate by Age Group and Sex ...... 24 Table 11: Barangay Revenue and Expenditures ...... 25 Table 12: Average Household Annual Income ...... 26 Table 13: Assessment of Potential Environmental Impacts ...... 27 Table 14: Summary of Stakeholder Views of the Road Rehabilitation in Sierra Bullones ...... 35 Table 15: Responsibilities for EMP Implementation ...... 38 Table 16: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan ...... 40 Table 17: Community Level Construction Monitoring Form Sample ...... 49 Table 18: Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 50

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1: A Copy of the Certificate of Non-Coverage of the Subproject...... 54 Appendix 2: Certificate of Ancestral Domain (CADC) of the Subproject Site ...... 55 Appendix 3: The Rapid Environmental Assessment of the Proposed Subproject ...... 57 Appendix 4: Detailed Engineering Design of the Subproject Components ...... 66 Appendix 5: Minutes of the Consultation Meeting Conducted on 30 November 2016 ...... 73 Appendix 6: Minutes of the Consultation Meetings Conducted at Labatan on 6 July 2017 ...... 84 Appendix 7: Minutes of the Consultation Meeting Conducted at Barangay Cantaub on 17 July 2017 ...... 90 Appendix 8: A Copy of the Resolution of Support from Brgy. Lataban and Canta-ub ...... 96 Appendix 9: A Copy of the POs Resolution of Support to the Subproject ...... 100 Appendix 10: A Copy of the Resolution of Support from Sangguniang Bayan ng Sierra Bullones ...... 102 Appendix 11: Grievance Intake Form ...... 103

vi

I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. This initial environmental examination (IEE) has been prepared for the rehabilitation of Lataban to Canta-ub Road in Sierra Bullones, Bohol Province. As one of the projects under the Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management Project (INREMP), the subproject will improve the existing access road with a total length of 3.3 km, a carriageway of 4 m, and 0.75 m shoulder on both sides. The subproject will include (i) the provision of concrete pavement, (ii) the installation of culverts and drains, (iii) the installation of line canals, and (iv) the installation of grouted riprap as slope protection. The subproject will be implemented by the Local Government Unit (LGU) of Sierra Bullones to be assisted by the Integrated Natural Resources and Environmental Management Project (INREMP), Regional Project Coordinating Office (RPCO) with an estimated amount of PhP 21,727,612.24 for 180 calendar days.

2. At present, about 88% of the access road stretch is unpaved and not well-maintained. The access road subproject is connected from Jagna-Sierra Bullones national highway to Lataban and Canta-ub barangay road. It has a total length of 3.8 km including the disjointed concrete roads of about 0.5 km through KALAHI project.

3. The subproject will uplift the economic condition of the community through the provision of all-year-round safe access. It also aims to increase productivity and profit, decrease farm expenses on hauling works, hasten the delivery of agricultural products to market outlets, enable timely transport of farm inputs to production areas, reduce vehicle operating cost and maintenance cost after project implementation.

4. The subproject has been categorized by ADB as Environment Category B and this IEE was prepared consistent with the environmental assessment requirements of ADB’s SPS of 2009. The IEE was carried out through screening and analysis of various environmental parameters, field investigations, stakeholder consultations, and review of other road project reports in the Philippines. The IEE covers the general environmental profile of Lataban to Canta-ub which includes an assessment of the potential environmental impacts during different subproject phases, and the formulation of corresponding mitigation measures. The IEE was prepared by the LGU of Sierra Bullones with the cooperation of the Regional Project Coordinating Office (RPCO), Watershed Management Project Coordinating Office (WMPCO), and Peoples Organizations (POs).

5. The subproject will pass through the timberlands and within the Certificate of Ancestral Domain Claim (CADC) areas of the Eskaya tribe in Barangay Canta-ub. The major land use along the road improvement project is agriculture which is part of the production forest. The common land uses found along the alignment are rice lands, vegetable gardens, and farms.

6. The IEE, based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil works, has not identified any major environmental concerns since all the proposed civil works are only asset preservation of existing roadway and are located within the existing right of way. There will only be localized short-term impacts during construction activities due to the implementation of civil works that will be addressed in the detailed design and through the implementation of the mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan.

7. Three (3) community consultations were conducted by the LGU of Sierra Bullones, the Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office (PENRO) staff, and the consultant on 30 November 2016, 6 July 2017, and 17 July 2017. The consultations provided a venue for the discussion of the background of the project, project scope of work, importance of the community consent, right of way, discussion of the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, social and environmental safeguards, role of the community in implementation of the project, and compliance to free prior and informed consent. A total of 187 community members attended during all consultation meetings.

8. A grievance redress mechanism will be established by the LGU of Sierra Bullones before the commencement of site works to ensure that complaints of affected persons and other stakeholders regarding the project’s environmental performance are promptly addressed.

9. The IEE includes an environmental management plan (EMP) which details the mitigation measures, environmental monitoring activities, institutional responsibilities, and environmental management capacity building. The LGU through its Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator and the Municipal Engineer will ensure that relevant EMP provisions are included in bid and contract documents for the detailed design, project supervision, and civil works.

10. During construction, the LGU of Sierra Bullones will monitor the contractor’s environmental performance and over-all EMP implementation. Environmental monitoring reports will be submitted by LGU to the RPCO and NPCO, and ADB and such reports will be posted on ADB’s website for public disclosure.

11. The subproject will benefit the entire residents of Lataban and Canta-ub. The Eskaya tribe members, senior citizens, women, and children will have easy access to other facilities in the barangay and the municipality. The POs – Canta-ub Visayan Eskaya Farmers Association (CAVESFA), and Lataban Agrarian Beneficiaries Multi-Purpose Cooperative (LABMUCO), for their natural resources management subprojects in the area. The subproject would also benefit the environment in terms of reduced soil erosion and landslides through slope stabilization measures and construction of retaining structures. Dust generation from the damaged roads will be reduced by the improvement of pavement. Health risks to the roadside communities and damage to the biological environment will be reduced due to pavement improvement and soil erosion control measures.

12. This subproject will have an overall beneficial impact and will have minor negative impacts that will be carefully monitored and adequately mitigated through the implementation of the EMP.

II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

A. Wahig-Inabanga River Watershed Forest Reserve

13. Based on Presidential Proclamation 468, the Wahig-Inabanga River Watershed Forest Reserve was established for purposes of protecting, maintaining and improving its water yield and to provide restraining mechanism for inappropriate forest exploitation a certain parcel of land of the public domain situated in the municipalities of Pilar, Candijay, Alicia, Duero, Sierra Bullones, Carmen, Dagohoy, Danao, Inabanga, Buenavista, and Jetafe, Province of Bohol, Philippines.1 The area covered by the reservation shall be under the administrative jurisdiction, supervision,

1 Presidential Proclamation 468, Series of 1994.

2 and control of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, through its Forest Management Bureau, in coordination with other agencies of the government with the objective of maintaining its usefulness for forestry purposes and as a source of water for irrigation, domestic, and industrial use.

B. Local Legislations

14. In 2016, the Provincial Government of Bohol enacted the Revised Environment Code of the Province. 2 In carrying out the provisions of this Code, the provincial government shall ensure the enhancement of the capacity of the City and Municipal Government Units to provide forest management guidance and support the various priority forest management initiatives of constituent barangays, peoples organizations, non-government organizations, government agencies, individuals and households; provided, that the provincial government shall see to it that the implementation of the forestry provisions in this Code is carried out in close collaboration with concerned government agencies, instrumentalities, civil society and the business sector.

15. Executive Order (EO) 10, series of 2015 created the Provincial Watershed Management Council, or the Provincial Wahig-Inabanga Watershed Management Council, for the Implementation of INREMP, providing for its functions and purposes.3

C. Environmental Clearance Requirements

1. Government Environmental Laws, Regulations and Guidelines

16. The water usage and classification guideline was enacted in 1990. Water classification is the primary component in water quality management for which goals/objectives of each of the water bodies are met.4 In the Philippines, classification is a very important component of water quality management since the application of effluent standards are dependent on this classification. This administrative order classifies water bodies into five (5) classes, i.e. AA, A, A, C for inland fresh waters and four (4) classes for marine and coastal water, i.e. SA, SB, SC and SD. Likewise, the water quality parameters shall be evaluated based on guidelines indicated in DAO No. 8 Series of 2016.5

17. According to the EMB Memorandum Circular 005 - 2014, the environmental category of a project is decided based on the type of the project (whether it falls into ‘Environmental Critical Project’, ECP type), location of the project (whether it falls into ‘Environmental Critical Areas’, ECA category), and size of the project. A summary list of ECPs and ECA categories are presented in Table 1.

2 Provincial Ordinance 2016-008, Enacting the Revised Environment Code of the Province of Bohol. 3 Executive Order No. 10, series of 2015, as amended by Executive Order No. 10-A, series of 2015. 4 DENR Administrative Order No. 34 Series of 1990. 5 DENR Administrative Order 2016-08, Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards of 2016.

3

Table 1: Summary List of ECP Types and ECA Categories List of ECPs As declared by Proclamation No. 2146 (1981) 1. Heavy Industries – Non-ferrous Metal Industries, Iron and Steel Mills, Petroleum and Petro- chemical Industries including Oil and Gas, Smelting Plants 2. Resource Extractive Industries – Major Mining and Quarrying Projects, Forestry Projects (logging, major wood processing projects, introduction of fauna (exotic animals) in public and private forests, forest occupancy, extraction of mangrove products, grazing), Fishery Projects (dikes for/ and fishpond development projects) 3. Infrastructure Projects – Major Dams, Major Power Plants (fossil-fueled, nuclear fueled, hydroelectric or geothermal), Major Reclamation Projects, Major Roads and Bridges As declared by Proclamation No. 803 (1996) 4. All golf course projects B. List of ECA Categories - As declared by Proclamation No. 2146 (1981) 1. All areas declared by law as national parks, watershed reserves, wildlife preserves, sanctuaries 2. Areas set aside as aesthetic potential tourist spots 3. Areas which constitute the habitat of any endangered or threatened species of Philippine wildlife (flora and fauna) 4. Areas of unique historic, archaeological, or scientific interests 5. Areas which are traditionally occupied by cultural communities or tribes 6. Areas frequently visited and/or hard-hit by natural calamities (geologic hazards, floods, typhoons, volcanic activity, etc.) 7. Areas with critical slopes 8. Areas classified as prime agricultural lands 9. Recharged areas of aquifers 10. Water bodies characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: tapped for domestic purposes; within the controlled and/or protected areas declared by appropriate authorities; which support wildlife and fishery activities 11. Mangrove areas characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: with primary pristine and dense young growth; adjoining mouth of major river systems; near or adjacent to traditional productive fry or fishing grounds; areas which act as natural buffers against shore erosion, strong winds and storm floods; areas on which people are dependent for their livelihood. 12. Coral reefs characterized by one or any combination of the following conditions: With 50% and above live coralline cover; Spawning and nursery grounds for fish; Act as natural breakwater of coastlines

18. Based on their type, size and location the projects have been classified into 3 major groups:

• Group I (ECPs): ECPs in either ECAs or NECAs – Environmentally Critical Projects in either Environmentally Critical Areas or Non-Environmentally Critical Areas. These projects require the proponent to submit ‘Environmental Impact Statement’ report to secure ‘Environmental Compliance Certificate’ from DENR’s Environment Management Bureau (EMB). Table 2 gives the size of the road and bridge projects that fall in to Group 1.

• Group II (NECPs): NECPS in ECAs – Non-Environmentally Critical Projects in Environmentally Critical Areas. These projects require proponent to submit either ‘Initial Environmental Examination’ Report or ‘Project Description Report‘ based on the size of the project (see Table 2) to secure either ECC or ‘Certificate of Non-Coverage’.

4

• Group III (Non-Covered Projects): NECPs in NECS – Non-Environmentally Critical Projects in Non-Environmentally Critical Areas. PDR required to be submitted for Enhancement Mitigation Projects for confirmation of benign nature of proposed activity, and CNC is required to be secured. All other projects shall be at the option of the proponent to prepare a PDR as a basis for CNC, should the proponent opt to secure one.

Table 2: EIS and IEE Requirements for Road and Bridge Projects

Not covered Covered (Required to secure ECC) Projects within the (may secure CNC) Project size INREMP Menu of CATEGORY A: ECP CATEGORY B: Non-ECP CATEGORY D parameters / Subprojects Project Description Remarks EIS EIS IEE Checklist (Part I only) 3.1Dams, Water Supply and

Flood Control Project 3.1.1DAMS (including those for Reservoir >5 hectares but irrigation, flood ≤5 hectares flooded/inundat ≥ 25 hectares OR <25 hectares OR control, water source AND NONE ed area or/and ≥ 20 million m3 >5 million m3 but and hydropower ≤5 million m3 water storage <20 million m3 projects) including capacity run-of-river type 3.1.2Irrigation >300 but ≥1,000 hectares projects (distribution NONE <1,000 ≤300 hectares Service area (service area) system only) hectares With water source (e.g. infiltration gallery, 3.1.3 Water Supply etc.) and water Level III Level II / Level I Projects (without NONE treatment (Distribution Water refilling station dam) facilities including system only) desalination, reverse osmosis (RO) 3.4 Roads and

Bridges >50% increase in >50% increase in capacity (or in capacity (or in terms of terms of length/width) >50% increase in 3.4.2 Roads, length/width) AND capacity (or in terms widening, AND >2km but NONE of length/width) BUT rehabilitation and/or ≥20km, (length <20km, ≤ 2km increase in improvement with no critical (length with length slope) OR ≥10km no critical (length with slope) OR critical slope) ≥10km (length with critical slope) 3.4.3 Bridges and ≤50m viaducts (including >50m but Regardless of length ≥10km ≥5km but <10km elevated roads), new <5km for footbridges or for construction pedestrian only >50% increase in 3.4.4 Bridges and ≥50% increase in ≤50% increase in capacity (or in viaducts (including capacity (or in capacity (or in terms terms elevated roads), NONE terms of of length/width) but length/width) rehabilitation and/or length/width) OR ≤2km increase in but

5

Not covered Covered (Required to secure ECC) Projects within the (may secure CNC) Project size INREMP Menu of CATEGORY A: ECP CATEGORY B: Non-ECP CATEGORY D parameters / Subprojects Project Description Remarks EIS EIS IEE Checklist (Part I only) 3.6 Buildings including Housing, Storage facilities and Other Structures Total/gross 3.6.2 Storage floor area >1 hectare facilities with no including NONE ≥ 5 hectare but ≤ 1 hectare hazardous or toxic parking, open <5 hectare materials. space and other areas

19. This subproject is the rehabilitation of existing barangay road which falls under the group of Non-ECP. Given that the subproject is a rehabilitation of access road with no more than 50% increase in capacity, the LGU of Sierra Bullones has prepared for the IEE checklist under Category B: Non-ECP. The environmental considerations of the proposed subproject are incorporated in an environmental management plan including the corresponding mitigating measures. The LGU of Sierra Bullones secured the Certificate of Non-Coverage of the subproject on 01 March 2017 (Appendix 1).

20. Further, the contractor’s and proponent’s operation shall conform to the provisions of Republic Act 6969 (Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act of 1990), Republic Act 9003 (An Act providing for an Ecological Solid Waste Management Program), RA 9275 (Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004), and RA 8749 (Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999).

2. ADB Environmental Assessment Requirements

21. According to ADB guidelines, the process of determining a project’s environment category is to prepare a Rapid Environmental Assessment screening checklist, taking into account the type, size, and location of the proposed project. Based on ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS 2009), a project is classified as one of the four (4) environmental categories (A, B, C or FI) as follows:

• Category A: Projects with potential for significant adverse environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical works. An environmental impact assessment is required.

• Category B: Projects judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree and/or significance than those for category A projects. Impacts are site-specific, few if any of them are irreversible, and in most cases mitigation measures can be designed more readily than for Category A projects. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required.

• Category C: Projects likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. No environmental assessment is required although environmental implications are still reviewed.

6

• Category FI: Projects are classified as category FI if they involve investment of funds to or through a financial intermediary. Where the FI’s investment have minimal or no adverse environmental risks. The FI project will be treated as Category C. All other FI’s must establish and maintain an environmental and social management system and must comply with the environmental safeguards requirements specified in SPS 2009 if the FI’s subprojects have the potential for significant adverse environmental impacts.

22. According to Philippines environmental guidelines, the Project or Sub-project can be considered as either under Group II or III while ADB has categorized the Project as environment Category B. Hence, this IEE has been prepared to meet the requirements of both the ADB and the government. Upon ADB’s receipt of the final IEE from the proponent, this will be publicly disclosed through posting on ADB’s website.

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

A. Project Overview

23. The INREMP, implemented by DENR with funding from Asian Development Bank (ADB), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), and Climate Change Fund (CCF), addresses the unsustainable watershed management in four (4) priority river basins: (i) the Chico Upper River Basin in the Cordillera Administrative Region, Northern Luzon; (ii) the Wahig– Inabanga River Basin on the island of Bohol in Region 7; (iii) the Lake Lanao River Basin in the province of Lanao del Sur in the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao; and (iv) the Bukidnon Upper River Basin in Bukidnon and Misamis Oriental provinces in Northern Mindanao (Region 10).

24. The INREMP has four (4) outputs namely: (i) River basin and watershed management and investment plans established; (ii) Smallholder and institutional investments in conservation increased and URB productivity enhanced in the forestry, agriculture and rural sectors; (iii) River basin and watershed management capacity and related governance mechanisms strengthened; and (iv) Project management and support services delivered.

25. Under Output 2, the LGU of Sierra Bullones proposed the Rehabilitation of Lataban-Canta- ub Road in the Municipality of Sierra Bullones, Bohol.

26. The proposed subproject aims to rehabilitate Lataban to Canata-ub road. The provision of all-year-round easy and affordable access road will improve the prompt delivery of basic services, and increasing economic opportunities and conditions of the community. The proposed access road will also support the national resources management project activities in the community.

B. Project Rationale

27. The municipality of Sierra Bullones is a third class municipality located in the northeastern part of the Bohol Island. One of the major concerns of the municipality is the poor conditions of several barangay roads that connect to the main roads and town proper. Road networks play an important role in the rice, vegetable and tourism industries of the upland barangays.

7

28. During a series of consultations with the municipal and barangay officials, the major problem identified in the community is the poor access road. The farmers are usually forced to sell agriculture products to the traders at a low price. The traders who can dictate price to the farmers.

29. Lataban and Canta-ub are considered remote barangays in Sierra Bullones. Local residents have been using trails most of the time going to the barangay proper. During rainy seasons, it is only passable using motorcycles due to its muddy and slippery conditions. They are also using heavy-duty vehicles to reach the barangay proper. However, motorcycles can only transport farm products within the influence areas. The farmers are experiencing high transportation and hauling costs selling their products to the nearest market center due to the poor access road.

30. The subproject will benefit the entire 1,310 residents of Lataban and Canta-ub. The Eskaya tribe members, senior citizens, women, and children will have easy access to other facilities in the barangay and the municipality. The POs – CAVESFA, and LABMUCO, for their natural resources management subprojects in the area. It will also provide to take advantage of job opportunities in the town proper and neighboring municipalities.

31. The proposed subproject includes (i) the provision of concrete road pavement, (ii) the installation of culverts and drains, (iii) the installation of line canals, and (iv) installation of the grouted riprap as slope protection.

32. The proposed subproject is divided into four (4) sections. The route will start at Section A, at the end of the existing concrete pavement at station 0+000, and will end at Section C2, Station 2+690. In Section A, there will be a provision of 439-m concrete pavement with 4-m carriageway, 107-m grouted riprap and one (1) line new culvert. In Section B, there will be a provision of 264- m concrete pavement with 4-m carriageway, 52.8-m concrete line canals along the right side, 218-m grouted riprap, and the installation of 2 lines new culvert. In Section C1, there will also be a provision of 2,390.4-m concrete pavement with 4-m carriageway, 852-m concrete line canals along the right side, 433-m in length riprap, and the installation of 3 lines new culverts. In Section C2, there will also be a provision of 242.6-m concrete pavement with 4-m carriageway, the installation of a one (1) line new culvert with the stone masonry headwall and apron in addition to two (2) existing culverts. Other details are described in Table 3.

C. Description of the Existing Road

33. The access road subproject is connected from Jagna-Sierra Bullones national highway to Lataban and Canta-ub barangay road. It has a total length of 3.8 km including the disjointed concrete roads of about 0.5 km through KALAHI project.

34. The cemented road under KALAHI project is separated into four (4) sections with a 3.0 m – 3.5 m carriageway. The first section has a length of 200.7 meters. The second, third and fourth sections have a length of 189 m, 49.7 m, and 57 m, respectively. Other details are presented in Table 3.

At present, about 88% of the access road stretch is unpaved and not well-maintained (Figure 1). The existing unpaved road has a total length of 3,336 meters with a carriageway of 5.5 m. There are no trees, houses and other improvements within the right-of-way. The common land uses found along the alignment are rice lands, vegetable gardens, and farms.

8

Table 3: Description of the Existing Subproject per Station

Proposed Width Proposed Length of Length Stations Existing Width (m) Proposed Proposed Total Remarks carriageway Shoulder Proposed the Lined (m) Width (m) Width (m) Width (m) Canal (m) Existing Existing concrete road 3.5 Concrete n/a n/a n/a - 200.7 through the KALAHI (carriageway) Pavement project Section A 0+000 4 0.7 5.4 Proposed road 0+439 - rehabilitation with: (new) concrete pavement, 5.5 439 4 0.7 5.4 Grouted riprap slope protection 107m, 1 line new culvert Existing - Existing concrete road 3.5 Concrete n/a n/a n/a 189 through the KALAHI (carriageway) Pavement project Section B 0+000 4 0.7 5.4 Proposed road 0+264 rehabilitation with: (new) concrete pavement; R. Concrete Lined Canal 5.5 52.85 264 4 0.7 5.4 52.85m, and width of 0.7m, Grouted Riprap Slope Protection 218m, 2 lines new culvert Existing Existing concrete road Concrete through the KALAHI Pavement 3.5 project- will be retained. n/a n/a n/a 49.7 49.7 (carriageway) Addition of 49.7m (in the right side) x 0.7 m width concrete lined canal. Section C1 0+000 Proposed road 5.5 4 0.7 5.4 rehabilitation with: 2+390.40 (new) concrete pavement, R. concrete 851.7 lined canal 852m x 0.7m 5.5 4 0.7 5.4 2,390.4 width, Grouted Riprap Slope Protection 433m, 3 lines new culvert Existing Existing concrete road Concrete through the KALAHI Pavement project- will be retained, 3 1 line existing culvert will n/a n/a n/a - 57 (carriageway) have addition of stone masonry headwall with apron, Grouted Riprap Slope Protection 18m Section C2 2+447.40 5m 3 0.7 4.4 Proposed road 2+690 rehabilitation with: (new) concrete pavement, 1 line new culvert (in 242.6 5m 3 0.7 4.4 - addition to 2 lines of existing) w/ stone masonry headwall and apron

9

1. Figure 1. Existing Conditions of Lataban-Canta-ub Access Road

10

D. Project Location

35. The proposed subproject traverses two (2) barangays, Labatan and Canta-ub. These barangays are almost 8 km away from the municipal hall of Sierra Bullones. The subproject will use the existing barangay road alignment from Barangay Labatan to Barangay Canta-ub. It has a total length of 3.8 km but about 0.5 km is already concreted through KALAHI project (Figure 2).

36. The subproject alignment pass through the timberland areas and within the Certificate of Ancestral Domain Claim of the Eskaya tribe (Appendix 2).

37. Based on the environmental characterization of the project site done during the field reconnaissance survey, the project was not located in an environmentally critical area and the field data were supplemented with secondary information gathered from the DENR Provincial Office.

Figure 2: Location of the Proposed Rehabilitation of the Lataban to Canta-ub Road

11

E. Project Development Plan

1. Project Components

a. Design Consideration

38. The proposed subproject – the Rehabilitation of Lataban to Canta-ub Road in Sierra Bullones, will start at Section A, at the end of the existing concrete pavement at station 0+000, and will end at Section C2, Station 2+690. In Section A, there will be a provision of 439-m concrete pavement with 4-m carriageway, 107-m grouted riprap and one (1) line new culvert. In Section B, there will be a provision of 264-m concrete pavement with 4-m carriageway, 52.8-m concrete line canals along the right side, 218-m grouted riprap, and the installation of 2 lines new culvert. In Section C, there will also be a provision of 2,390.4-m concrete pavement with 4-m carriageway, 852-m concrete line canals along the right side, 433-m in length riprap, and the installation of 3 lines new culverts. In Section C2, there will also be a provision of 242.6-m concrete pavement with 4-m carriageway, the installation of a one (1) line new culvert with the stone masonry headwall and apron in addition to two (2) existing culverts.

39. The subproject carriageway is 4.0 meters and shoulder of 0.75 meters on both sides. The thickness of the concrete pavement is 150 mm. The surface aggregate will be placed on a 5.5 meters-wide existing barangay road. A natural line canal will be constructed along the concrete pavement on one side (Figure 3).

b. Design Specifications

40. The construction works and specification of materials will comply with the engineering and construction standards set-forth by the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) and the National Building Code of the Philippines. Materials as quantified and estimated (cost) are assumed to be available in the locality. Prevailing market price is used to achieve the approved agency estimate which subsequently will be used as basis for the anticipated evaluation of bids, since the construction of the Subproject will be through National Competitive Bidding.

41. The following are the proposed technical specification of the primary construction materials of the subproject:

Signboard (Marker and Billboard). The standard template of the subproject must conform to the FMB memorandum order dated 28 June 2018.

The subproject tarpaulin design layout, dimension and letter sizes on white background, shall be depicted on a standards billboard measuring 4ft x 8 ft using 1/2 inch thick plywood or tarpaulin of the same size posted on a marine plywood.

The information on the billboard include (i) the logo of the DENR, INREMP and the LGU, (ii) the name of LGU as a proponent, (iii) the title of the subproject, (iv) the project location, (v) contract amount, (vi) total project length, (vii) project beneficiaries, (viii) project contractor, (ix) project duration, (x) source of fund, and (xi) development partner/s.

For each rural access road, two (2) billboards will be installed, one (1) at the starting point and one (1) at the end point of the subproject.

12

Figure 3. Section Drawing of RCPC of the Proposed Lataban and Canta-ub Road

13

It must be pointed out that name(s) and or pictures(s) of any public or political figure should not appear in the billboard.

Clearing and Grubbing. This item will be the removal and disposal of all trees, stumps, roots, logs, shrubs, grass, weeds, fallen timber and other surface litter, wherever they occur within the right-of-way and within such other areas as directed and staked out by the Engineer.

Roadway Excavation. Roadway excavation will include excavation and grading for roadways, parking areas, intersections, approaches, slope rounding, benching, waterways and ditches; removal of unsuitable material from the roadbed and beneath embankment areas; and excavating selected material found in the roadway as ordered by the Engineer for specific use in the improvement.

Sub-grade Preparation. This item will consist of the preparation of the Sub-grade for the support of overlying structural layers. It shall extend to full width of the roadway. Unless authorized by the Engineer, Sub-grade preparation shall not be done unless the Contractor is able to start immediately the construction of the pavement structure. Where excavation to the finished graded section results in a subgrade or slopes of unsuitable soil, the Engineer may require the Contractor to remove the unsuitable material and backfill to the finished graded section with approved material. The Contractor shall conduct his operations in such a way that the Engineer can take the necessary cross-sectional measurements before the backfill is placed.

Sub-base Course. This item will consist of furnishing, placing and compacting an aggregate Sub-base course on a prepared Sub-grade in accordance with the Specification and the lines, grades and cross-sections shown on the Plans, or directed by the Engineer.

Structural Excavation (Including Pipe Culverts and Drains). This item will consist of the necessary excavation provided in the specifications. The backfilling of completed structures and the disposal of all excavated surplus materials, shall be in accordance with the specifications and in reasonably close conformity with the plans or as established by the engineer.

Embankment, form borrow common soil. An embankment will be done for the road using the common soil found in the area mainly from the previous excavations.

Reinforcing Steel Bar. This Item will consist of furnishing, bending, fabricating and placing of steel reinforcement of the type, size, shape and grade required in accordance with this specification and in conformity with the requirements show on the plans or as directed by the engineer.

Structural Concrete. This Item will consist of furnishing, placing and finishing concrete in all structures except pavements in accordance with this Specification and conforming to the lines, grades, and dimensions shown on the Plans. Concrete shall consist of a mixture of Portland Cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, admixture when specified, and water mixed in the proportions specified or approved by the Engineer.

Portland Cement Concrete Pavement (PCCP). This item will consist of pavement of Portland Cement Concrete without reinforcement, constructed on the prepared base in

14

accordance with the specification and in conformity with the lines, grades, thickness and typical cross-section shown on the plans.

Grouted Riprap. This item will consist of the furnishing and placing of riprap with grout, with filter backing, furnished and constructed in accordance with this specification and to the lines and grades and dimensions shown on the plans. The proposed riprap has a total length and height is variable per section. Details are shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4: Design of the riprapping component

2. Description of the Project Phases

a. Pre-Construction Phase/Pre-Development Phase

42. The pre-construction phase involves the social preparation (to include organizational strengthening, planning, identification and prioritization of community needs) of the community for the entry of the project to the site, conduct of pre-engineering activities covering detailed survey works to determine alignment of roads and canal systems, preparation of the detailed engineering plans and programs of work. The representatives from the barangays, LGU Sierra Bullones, RPCO-INREMP, NPCO, and the TA-PMIC were conducted the two separate site validations and initial consultations to the community on 30 November 2016 and 17 July 2017.

15

b. Construction/Development Phase

43. The construction phase involves the mobilization of construction workers, and materials to the specific project site after which the longer period of actual construction work will commence. The construction phase will end with the demobilization of construction equipment, workers and other construction paraphernalia from the construction site. The activities such as clearing and grubbing, installation of drains and culverts, sub-base preparation, concreting, and riprapping will be undertaken by the contractor under the close supervision of the Sub-Project Management Unit and the RPCO-INREMP engineers.

c. Operation Phase and Maintenance Phase

44. This phase involves the actual maintenance of the rehabilitated access road during its expected economic life. Monitoring tools and parameters will be set forth in the Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) that the LGU and Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) will sign to ensure sustainability of the constructed facility. The specific monitoring items and parameters, location and frequency, monitoring responsibilities and sources of budget are presented in Chapter VIII.

d. Abandonment Phase

45. This phase is included in the project demobilization. The proponent does not intend to abandon any facilities and unserviceable equipment used during construction. The project location will not be abandoned in disorderly condition but instead restored for functional use. Following the completion of the construction, the proponent will dismantle temporary shelters and the construction yard including unserviceable vehicles and equipment.

46. Wastes arising from the abandonment are expected to be minimal. These wastes could include small volumes of left over sand and gravel, re-bars and other steel materials (i.e., nails and welding roads) and lumber.

F. Manpower Requirements

47. Construction activities will require hiring of skilled and unskilled manpower. It is assumed that some skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled manpower will be available in the area. Skilled manpower not available in the locality may be sourced from other nearby localities. Technical manpower will be a complementation of specialists to be provided by locally known engineering firms.

48. During the construction phase, a workforce consisting of contractual and regular laborers will be employed to carry out the construction of the proposed project.

49. The Contractor shall employ qualified and sufficient staff to carry out inspections, testing and monitoring for the project.

G. Project Cost

50. The Subproject Cost as estimated has the total amount of PhP 17,116,475.27 which includes the costs for the indirect cost and taxes aside from the direct cost (material + labor + equipment). The overhead, contingencies and miscellaneous (OCM) profit will be 9% and 8% of the direct cost, respectively. Taxes will be in the fixed ratio of 12% as required by the government.

16

51. Following the agreed financing mix of the subproject, 80% of the total Subproject Cost as presented will be covered by the Project and the remaining 20% will be borne by the proponent LGU- Sierra Bullones as equity counterpart which will be appropriated by the Sangguniang Bayan (SB) from the Municipal Development Fund.

52. Breakdown of cost estimates is presented in Table 4.

Table 4: The Program of Works of the Subproject

53. The provision of the temporary field office has about 45 sqm floor area. It will be constructed out of light materials (i.e. plywood sidings with wood joists/ supports), and GI sheet roofing. The field office will be provided with a toilet and septic vault. The contractor will make a necessary arrangement for lease in case of the lot is own by private individual within the A&D land.

54. The provision of the occupational safety and health covers the hiring of a safety officer who will look after the well-being of the workers during construction. The safety officer will conduct safety training and toolkit meetings.

55. The item for the embankment, from borrow common soil, will be taken from the (i) roadway excavation, and (ii) structure excavation. As to the quantity, these items will be sufficient for the requirement of the embankment, from borrow common soil item.

H. Project Duration and Schedule

56. The subproject implementation is expected to reach a total of 180 calendar days. It is projected that the preparation of Detail Engineering Design (DED) will also be completed by end of November 2019. After the DED, It will be translated into standard bidding document (SBD), procurement activities for civil works will be projected to proceed starting January through national competitive bidding (NCB). Advertisement, opening of bids, bid evaluation and award of contract is expected to take at least 28 days. INREMP will orient the contractor on relevant EMP provisions and conduct the pre-construction conference. See table below for the illustration of the indicative implementation schedule.

17

Table 5: Indicative Subproject Implementation Schedule Subproject 2019 2020 Milestone J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O SPD Preparation SPD and IEE Review and Approval DED Preparation Procurement Stage Pre- construction conference Construction Stage Completion and Turnover O&M Activity

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

A. Elevation and Slope

57. The alignment of the proposed subproject passes through the elevation of 588 m asl to 668 m asl with an average slope of 8.1%. Other details are shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5. Elevation and Slope of the Proposed Subproject

18

B. Geology

58. The proposed subproject is classified under the Sierra Bullones limestone formation. The description of this geologic formation is described below.

The Sierra Bullones mountain ranges of southeastern Bohol are capped by massive limestone strongly correlating with the Barili limestone of south central Cebu. It is overlain by white marl. The type of soil produced from this formation is an association of Rendolls and Eutropepts. The Rendolls are very dark gray, brown or dark yellowish-brown clay situated on the moderate to steep slopes and are subject to moderate and severe erosion. They are well-drained soils that have shallow to deep solum. Fairly to very rocky land surface is characterized in the landscape (Rosario et al., 2000).

C. Soils

59. The Wahig-Pamacsalan Watershed has four (4) types of soil namely: Annam clay, Faraon clay, Ubay clay and Ubay clayloam (Figure 6). Among these soil types, Ubay clay has the largest area of 6,490 hectares or 48% of the total area of the watershed, followed by Annam clay with 4,117 hectares. On the other hand, Faraon clay comprises the smallest with 259 hectares. The soil type of the subproject location is Annam clay.

Figure 6: Soil Types in the Subproject Site

19

D. Water Quality

50. The proposed subproject is located within the Wahig-Pamacsalan Watershed. The upper reach of the Wahig River was classified as ‘Class A’ water.6 This class is intended for sources of water supply that will require complete treatment (i.e. coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection) in order to meet the NSDW.

60. As shown in Table 6, the parameters were evaluated based on guidelines indicated in DAO No. 8 Series of 2016 as follows:7

• pH levels during the wet and dry season are within the set permissible environmental standards.

• Water temperature is within the range of set standards.

• The amount of total suspended solids are within the set standards.

• BOD concentrations passed the set standards.

• DO level is above the minimum standards.

• Other parameters such as cadmium, lead, and hexavalent chromium are still within the environmental standard for Class C water.

• There is no specified guideline value for TDS.

61. The proposed subproject is about 7 km away from the established sampling station.

Table 6: Water Quality Assessment in the Wahig River, Q2 and Q3 of 2017 Sampling Station DENR Standard Parameter Season (Wahig River (lat: 9.819444; Remarks for Class A long: 124.308253) Temperature Wet (max. rise of 3°C 32 Passed based on the Dry 31 Aver. Of the) Passed pH (range) Wet 8.13 Passed 6.5 -.8.5 Dry 7.87 Passed Total Dissolved Wet 185 Passed - Solids (mg/L) Dry 373 Passed Total Suspended Passed Dry 80 3.6 Solids (mg/L) Dissolved Oxygen Passed Wet 5 (min) 8.9 (mg/L) Biochemical Passed Oxygen Demand Dry 3 2.1 (mg/L) Chromium (mg/L) Dry 0.01 <0.01 Passed Lead (mg/L) Dry 0.01 <0.027 Passed Cadmium (mg/L) Dry 0.003 <0.005 Passed Source: Wahig-Inabanga Watershed Management Plan (2018)

6 Based on the EMB list of classified water bodies. 7 Footnote 5, p. 3

20

E. Land Classification

61. Barangay Canta-ub is mostly classified as within forestland. About 67% are forestland and the remaining 33% are alienable and disposable lands. On the other hand, Barangay Labatan is dominantly alienable and disposable lands (75%) and the remaining 25% are only forestlands. In particular, the subproject falls mostly within forestlands. Other details are shown in Table 7.

Table 7: Land Classification of the Influenced Barangays Canta-Ub Lataban Land Classification Area (ha) % Total Area (ha) % Total A and D 349.6 33.4% 437.1 75.1% Forestland 696.4 66.6% 144.7 24.9% Total 1046.1 581.8

F. Land Cover and Land Use

62. The municipality of Sierra Bullones covers an area of 19,886 hectares (DENR, CENRO- Tagbilaran Certification) or about 1.85% of the area of Bohol Province. 81.48% of the land area is classified as alienable & disposable land; 18.48% is Timberland; the remaining 0.04% is Mineral Land.

63. The influence area has a total land area of 1628 hectares with almost 50% classified as forest, 12.51% as agricultural and 11.85% asbuilt up areas. The built-up areas include residential, institutional, and other land uses. Table 8 shows the breakdown of the land uses for the four barangays.

Table 8. Land Use of the Influenced Barangays Canta-ub Lataban LAND USES Area (ha) % to Total Area (ha) % to Total Agricultural 89.14 8.52% 114.54 19.69% Forest 696.47 66.58% 144.67 24.87% Institutional 4 0.38% 5 0.86% Residential 95.6 9.14% 97.32 16.73% River 42.15 4.03% 109.16 18.76% Road 92.18 8.81% 86.41 14.85% Utilities 14.56 1.39% 6.7 1.15% Cemetery 12 1.15% 18 3.09% Total 1046.1 581.8

G. Climate

64. Based on Modified Corona’s Classification System, the area has a Type IV climate, which is characterized by more or less evenly distributed rainfall throughout the year (Agpaoa et al. 1975). The climate of Sierra Bullones is influenced by southwest originating monsoons, and is relatively dry from February to May. The wet season is from June to January with mean monthly rainfall averaging about 180 mm to 250 mm. The wettest months are November and December. Other details are shown in Figure 7.

21

65. The average monthly maximum temperature in Sierra Bullones ranges from 28.5 °C to 30.9 °C.

(Source: www.gismap.ciat.cgiar.org)

Figure 7: Average Monthly Temperature and Rainfall in the area

H. Terrestrial Flora and Fauna

66. The barangay is surrounded by forest with rich flora, among those available in the area are: Bamboo, Gmelina, Rattan, Ipil-ipil, and Mahogany.

67. On fauna, birds and mammals of different species and sizes are often sighted on the barangay. Some of these are Banog, Kabog, Kikik, Flying Lemur, Wild Pig, Kwaknit, Phil. Monkey.

68. It must be noted that the proposed subproject is within the Alijawan-Cansuhay-Anibongan Watershed Forest Reserve (Figure 8). The Alijawan-Cansuhay-Anibongan Watershed Forest Reserve is a timberland area. However, it will only use and rehabilitate the existing barangay road. In addition, the INREMP together with its consultants observed that there are no trees at the right of way, and no endangered and critically endangered species of flora and fauna within the proposed subproject during the field validation on 17 July 2017. The validation of the proposed road rehabilitation subproject was facilitated by representatives from LGU Siera Bullones, INREMP-RPCO, and NPCO.

22

Figure 8: The Subproject Location within the Alijawan-Cansuhay-Anibongan Watershed Forest Reserve

I. Socio-Economic Conditions

1. Population

69. In influenced barangays have a combined population of 1310 persons with varying growth rates. As shown in Table 9, the highest growth rate is found in barangay Lataban. Based on the growth rate, the population of Lataban will be projected to 946 in 2022, and 966 in 2027.

Table 9: Area Population Growth Rate Barangay Total Population Growth Projected Population 2013 2015 Rate per 2018 2022 2027 Year Canta-ub 348 422 6.64% 431 438 444 Lataban 642 888 11.42% 921 946 966 Total 990 1310 18.06% 1352 1384 1410 Source: PSA, Registry Barangay Inhabitants (RBI), CBMS

23

70. Given the 2015 total population, the population density is 1.47 person per hectare. This density will only slightly increase to 1.47 and 1.58 person per hectare in 2022 and 2027 respectively.

2. Water Supply

71. The existing water system in the area is the Lataban and Canlusong Water Source System serving 17 Barangays with a household population of 4,482. The area has 20,082 individuals which are being served by the water system.

72. In Barangay Lataban, about 70 % of the total households have Level III water system. About 30% partly used the Level II water system as their source of drinking water.

3. Indigenous Peoples and People’s Organization

73. Barangay Canta-ub is the only barangay populated with the Eskaya Tribe numbering up to 392 persons or about 93% of the total population of the barangay. The majority of the land area in Canta-ub are forestlands with a portion of the cultivated for agriculture purposes. There are no other tenurial agreements made nor domain claims still on process in the area.

4. Education

74. The two (2) barangays have at least one public elementary. About 87% and 99% of the youth (below 17 years old) are in-school for the barangay Labasan, and Canta-ub, respectively. There are a total of 28 out-of-school youth in the two barangays (Table 10).

Table 10. School Participation Rate by Age Group and Sex In-School Out of School % BARANGAYS/ TOTAL % Total AGE GROUP Pop’n Male Female Total Total Male Female Total Pop’n Pop’n Canta-ub 3-5 year old 23 13 10 23 19% 0 0 0 0% 6-12 year old 68 29 39 68 56% 0 0 0 0% 13-17 year old 33 12 20 32 26% 0 1 1 1% Total 124 54 69 123 99% 0 1 1 1% Lataban 3-5 year old 40 11 12 23 11% 10 7 17 8% 6-12 year old 112 47 62 109 51% 3 0 3 1% 13-17 year old 63 30 26 56 26% 4 3 7 3% Total 215 88 100 188 87% 17 10 27 13 Source: Registry Barangay Inhabitants (RBI); CBMS 2015

5. Health and Sanitation

75. The main health center of the municipality is located at Barangay Poblacion. Barangay Health Stations (BHS) can be found in 11 barangays. The nearest BHS is located in Brgy. Abachanan. Barangay Lundag to Brgy Abachanan is (more or less) 2 km apart. An existing barangay road connects the two (2) barangays. The barangay road is a mix of concreted

24 pavement and all-weathered, and aggregate-surfaced road. The barangay Lataban residents however, can opt to go to Barangay Abachanan via Brgy. Dusita, which is about 5 km of concrete pavement on a national highway, and another 3 km going to barangay Abachanan proper on an all weathered and aggregate-surfaced road.

76. Sanitation practices are common among the residents. The solid waste disposal of garbage is done through dumping in individual open pits, composting and burying. Others feed their left-over food and kitchen wastes to the animals.

6. Housing

77. Housing in Lataban and Cantaub are a mix of concrete and wood-built with a majority utilizing wood joists with bamboo-woven matts for sidings and GI sheet roofing. Most houses are only a single storey while a very few are 2-storeys high. There are only 5 households in Barangay Canta-ub that live in makeshift houses.

7. Income and Expenditure

78. Except for the Barangay Lataban which has another source of income through the locally made pools from the waterworks system, there are two main sources of revenue for the barangays. One is the tax revenue which includes the real property taxes and the other one is from the Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA). As of 2015, the revenue collection is almost Php 939,902 in Barangay Canta-ub, and Php 1,109,905 in Barangay Lataban. Barangay Lataban has a large revenue collection and expenditure for three consecutive years (2013-2015) compared to Barangay Canta-ub. Other details are shown in Table 11.

79. The expenditure patterns of the two (2) barangays show that Barangay Lataban has a large average percentage of expenditure to total revenue during the 2013 to 2015 compared to Barangay Canta-ub.

Table 11: Barangay Revenue and Expenditures Year Revenue Expenditure Percentage of Surplus Expenditure and Revenue Barangay Canta-ub 2015 939,902.60 667,022.98 71% 272,879.62 2014 831,284.00 889,692.03 -7% (58,408.03) 2013 740,505.20 654,295.58 88% 86,209.62 Average 51% Barangay Lataban 2015 1,109,905.78 848,933.08 76% 260,972.70 2014 938,345.27 826,486.33 88% 111,858.94 2013 812,149.00 707,665.88 87% 104,483.12 Average 84%

80. In terms of household income, Barangay Canta-ub has a small average annual income per household of only Php 8,460.00, as compared to Lataban’s Php 8,845.00 (Table 12).

25

Table 12: Average Household Annual Income Barangays Average Annual Income Per Household Canta-Ub 8,460.00 Lataban 8,845.00 Average 8,652.50 Source: Residential Barangay Inhabitants (RBI)

8. Tourism

81. Rice is planted along the slopes of the area creating a wonderful rice field formation with resemblance to the Banaue Rice Terraces in Cordillera Administrative Region. This is possible tourist attraction in the area. The municipality also has a known resort known as “The Paradise Hills Resort” where tourist can stay while exploring the area. Furthermore, there are caves, rivers, and trekking site that tourist can explore. In addition, the locally known Lataban spring has been used also as a form of amusement for the public where they can have fun with the community made pools.

9. Commerce and Industry

82. Most of the commercial establishments are related to agri-business activities. The prevailing services are buy and sell, vegetable retailing, sari-sari store and selling of root crops.

10. Electricity

83. The electric power needs of the influence area are provided by BOHECO II. The majority of the households in the influenced barangays and even for the rest of the whole municipality has access to electric power connections.

11. Communication

The most popular form of communication is mobile phone. There is a permanent line of communication network from known telecommunication companies like Smart, Globe etc. so it has been identified that the main communication to the barangay is through mobile phones.

12. Road and Transportation

84. The main mode of transportation to and from the influence areas is by means of motorcycles (habal-habal). There are at least three (3) public buses that have scheduled routes passing through the influence barangays.

85. There are no houses near the proposed road and no government facilities that would be damaged during the subproject construction. The distance is about 2 m along the edge of the proposed subproject to the existing houses.

26

V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

86. The IEE, based on the screening of baseline environment and review of proposed civil works, has not identified any major environmental concerns due to proposed rehabilitation of Lataban to Canata-ub road given that all the proposed civil works are only asset preservation of existing roadway and are located within existing right of way (Appendix 3). There will only be localized short-term impacts during construction activities due to implementation of civil works that will be addressed in the detailed design and through implementation of the mitigation and monitoring measures specified in the environmental management plan. These construction related impacts can be mitigated by 1) the contractors’ work practices, especially those related to the systematized demolition procedure consistent with approved standard safety requirements; 2) cooperation by the local authorities with the contractor in terms of use of public space and utilities; 3) project management’s strict enforcement of the correct construction practices and standards; 4) the incorporation of the mitigation measures identified in the IEE into the bid documents and specifications; and 5) close monitoring of the contractor’s implementation of the required mitigation measures.

87. The potential environmental impacts resulting from implementation of civil works are expected to be minor and likely short-term since the improvement works will not involve widening and alignment adjustments (Table 13). Detailed environmental mitigation measures have been prepared for all the identified impacts and presented in the environmental management plan under Chapter VIII.

Table 13: Assessment of Potential Environmental Impacts Potential Environmental Impacts or Clearing and Road Road base / Portland Pipe Grouted Values the Subproject construction Grubbing Excavation Aggregate Sub- Cement Culvert Riprap/ Stone would likely create: / Structural base Course/ Concrete and Masonry Excavation Aggregate Pavement Drains Surface Course Land surface disturbance – surface scrapping, top soil erosion, and vegetative moderate moderate minor minor minor none clearing Affects temporal water regime: decrease water quantity and quality and flow regularity or seasonality due to altered minor minor minor minor minor none drainage patterns, water way configuration, sedimentation, turbidity, as well as river flow diversion Altered or impaired hydrology of the immediate area: increase peak and flood minor minor minor minor minor none flows and irregular streamflow Decrease in downstream natural resources’ minor minor minor minor minor none economic and social values/uses Decrease site’s attraction in terms of losing some geological or geomorphological values, particularly minor minor minor minor minor none those of known local, national or international nature conservation importance Vegetation loss affecting rare species habitats, particularly of known local, minor minor none none none none national or international nature conservation importance Adverse impact on local and transient fauna species (those species whose range may include the project site), particularly minor minor minor none none none those of known local, national or international nature conservation importance. Bio-invasion of new strain of pests, weeds none none none none none none or rare diseases

27

Potential Environmental Impacts or Clearing and Road Road base / Portland Pipe Grouted Values the Subproject construction Grubbing Excavation Aggregate Sub- Cement Culvert Riprap/ Stone would likely create: / Structural base Course/ Concrete and Masonry Excavation Aggregate Pavement Drains Surface Course Frequent incurrence and increased none none none none none none intensity of grassfire Contamination of the immediate and/or broader environment cause by the storage minor minor minor minor none none or use of chemicals needed for the construction works Air particulate emissions which may cause atmospheric / environmental pollution impacting on human health and livelihood minor minor minor minor minor none at local or larger scale during construction phase Excessive solid waste accumulation minor minor minor minor minor none during infrastructure construction Increase in noise and/or vibration during minor minor minor minor minor none construction Unnatural lighting effects that may impact upon flora and fauna, or deplete the none none none none none none sense of naturalness of the area Natural landscape fragmentation and minor minor minor none none none discontinuity Adverse impact on land use and the amenity values of adjacent or downstream areas (including the integrity of agricultural minor minor minor minor minor none land, or other industry that the local community may depend on) Adverse impact on existing or potential recreational value and quality of known minor minor minor minor minor none traditional experience associated to site natural setting Adverse impact or alter on-sites’ visual value and its surrounding area -from minor minor minor minor minor none different vantage points Rating: None= No adverse impact; Minor= slight negative impact and momentary; Moderate=severe negative impact with duration more than a year or permanent with far reaching spatial range

88. During operation, the project is expected to benefit the environment and socio- economic conditions of the subproject areas through increased delivery of agricultural products, increased tourism, improved access and economic development, reduced dust due to asset preservation, improved road safety due to installation of safety signs, and others.

89. Environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures during subproject pre- construction, construction and operation phases are described under Chapter VIII. Detailed environmental mitigation measures have been prepared for all the identified impacts and presented in the environmental management plan.

A. Pre-Construction

1. Confirmation of no required resettlement, relocations, and compensation

90. This will be undertaken prior to the commencement of any civil works. The proponent shall conduct consultation meetings with directly affected barangays and concerned POs’, and information awareness campaign regarding subproject location.

91. It is pointed out that there are no trees, houses and other improvements within the right- of-way. The common land uses along the alignment are rice lands, vegetable gardens, and farms.

28

2. Identification and prioritization of road section where concreting will be done

92. Identification and prioritization of road sections will give information and participation of the community, particularly women and marginalized sectors. Subproject site validations were conducted on 16 November 2016 and 17 July 2017 to ensure that the INREMP validation process on subproject implementation is being complied with and hold consultative meetings to the affected persons on the subproject components and management plan.

3. Preparation of detailed engineering designs and programs of work

93. The detailed engineering designs and programs of work for the subproject will be prepared by the LGU for the completion of the proposed upgraded access road (Appendix 4). The detailed designs shall include the provision of natural lined canal, and improvement the existing RCPC cross drains.

94. The proposed areas where the contractor can possibly source their borrow materials are located in Barangays Villa Garcia and Bugsok. Barangay Villa Garcia is about 14 km and Barangay Bugsok is about 20 km away from the project site.

95. The LGU with assistance from TA-PMIC will ensure that relevant provisions of the EMP in terms of implementation of environmental mitigation measures, monitoring activities, supervision and reporting are included for civil works and construction supervision.

4. Recruitment of workers

96. The potential impact of the subproject will be hiring of skilled local community-based workers and other unskilled jobs. A robust “local first” hiring policy will be designed and be implemented in coordination with local officials and community leaders especially at the barangay and municipal levels.8 The Contractor will be required to follow the “local first” hiring policy.

B. Construction

1. Construction materials acquisition, transport access, and storage system

97. The contractors will source construction materials under their own arrangements. Uncontrolled sourcing of such materials could lead to environmental impacts such as the loss of topsoil or the disfigurements of the landscape from borrow pits. Earthen embankments and material stockpiles will be susceptible to erosion, particularly during the rains and re-suspension of dust during the dry seasons.

98. Local roads will be damaged during transportation of borrow materials and by the construction equipment. These roads include those which are leading to the project site. In order to reduce impact on all borrow sites, contractors will water the local roads close to the settlements used by the borrow trucks. As much as possible, contractors will not make use of productive agricultural land. In case this is unavoidable, the contractor will obtain consent from the land owner and will restore the site to its original condition after completion of civil works.

8 As per Republic Act No. 6685 – an act requiring private contractors to hire at least fifty percent (50%) of the unskilled and thirty percent (30%) of the skilled labor requirements from the available bona fide residents in which the projects are to be taken.

29

2. Clearing and removal of obstructions

99. The contractor will initiate clearing and removal of obstructions on the existing road which would result to have minor damage landscape. No trees will be affected during site preparation and ground clearing.

100. There are no encroachments of any residential houses or dwellings, businesses, or institutional structures found along the right of way of the proposed improvement of access road. There are no house/ dwelling structures found on these areas.

101. The contractor will not use or permit the use of wood as a fuel for the execution of any part of the works, including but not limited to the extent practicable shall ensure that fuels other than wood are used for cooking.

3. Soil erosion

102. Soil erosion and unstable side slopes susceptible to landslides are noticed along subproject road. The impact of soil erosion and unstable side slope are increased run off and sedimentation causing a greater flood hazard to the downstream, loss of topsoil affects the growth of vegetation that causes ecological imbalances, and development of unsightly cuts and fills that have been riddled by uncontrolled erosion and gullying. Construction activities should be taken up only during dry season.

103. The contractor will be required to minimize erosion and landslides during construction phase such as 1) damage of surrounding vegetation during slope formation, 2) establish slope and vegetative mitigating measures like planting of Kakauate (Gliricidia septium) cuttings, 3) use soils taken from road cuts to fill-up portions of the road that are narrow, and 4) If new erosion occurs accidentally, back fill immediately to restore original contours.

4. Ground surface leveling and gravelling of existing road

104. During ground surface leveling of the existing road, the potential impacts would be minor and short-termed to the terrestrial resources as well as to the quality of surface water in the river. The contractor will be required to do the following: 1) all construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from forested and plantation areas, 2) no waste of any kind is to be discarded on land or in forests/plantations, 3) erosion channels must be built around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain-induced erosion, 4) earthworks should be conducted during dry periods, 5) no waste of any kind is to be thrown in surface waters, 6) no washing or repair of machinery near surface waters, 7) pit latrines to be located away from surface waters, 8) no unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses, 9) no aggregate mining from rivers or lakes, and 10) minimize the use of heavy equipment at steep slopes.

5. Civil works

105. The subproject will mainly involve concrete pavement in the 3.3 km access road, provision of natural line canal and improvement of existing RCPC cross drain and slope protection.

106. The main impacts on land during construction are from air pollution, land and water contamination, and traffic and access problems. The contractor will apply stated mitigating measures during concrete pavement and stone masonry activities such as 1) piling of aggregates at sites should be used/or removed promptly, or covered and placed in non-traffic areas, and 2)

30 all spills should be cleaned immediately and handled as per hazardous waste management plan, and according to government regulations.

6. Implementation of noise and dust control measure

107. During construction, air quality will certainly decrease by exhaust emissions from construction equipment, dust generated from haul roads, unpaved roads, exposed soils and material stock piles.

108. In order to mitigate these, the following will be implemented: 1) regularly water spraying to exposed soil and construction roads, 2) cover or keep moist all stockpiles of construction aggregates, and all truckloads of aggregates, 3) minimize the time for excavations and exposed soil are left open or exposed, 4) backfill immediately after work is completed, 5) restrict working time between 7:00 am and 5:00 pm, 6) maintain equipment in proper working condition, 7) replace unnecessarily noisy vehicles and machinery, 8) vehicles and machinery to be turned off when not in use, and 9) construct temporary noise barriers around excessively noisy activity areas when necessary.

7. Dust and noise from borrow pits

109. Noise and dust may be generated from borrow pits. The contractor will ensure the following mitigating measures: 1) provision of noise control measures such as, use of well- maintained vehicles and equipment, 2) watering of the earth roads close to the settlements, use covered truck, 3) secure appropriate environmental permits prior to use, 4) the borrow and material dumping sites must be access controlled to keep away unauthorized entry of people, grazing cattle and any other stray animals, and 5) protective gear like ear plugs will be provided to operating personnel if they are exposed to uncomfortable noise levels.

8. Implementation of spoil management and control measure

110. The contractor will ensure that there will be no contamination of land and surface waters from excavated spoils, and construction wastes. The uncontaminated spoils will be disposed of in municipal or provincial designated sites, which must never be in or adjacent surface water. On the other hand, suspicious contaminated soil will be tested, and disposed of in designated sites identified as per government regulations.

9. Solid and liquid construction waste management system

111. Solid and liquid construction wastes management system will be facilitated to avoid contamination of land and surface water from the construction wastes. The management of general solid and liquid wastes of construction will follow government regulations to include covering, collecting, handling, transporting, recycling, and disposing waste created from construction activities and the work force. A schedule of solid and liquid waste pickup and disposal will be established and followed to ensure construction sites are as clean as possible. All solid wastes will be separated and recyclables be donated to the barangay. There will be no site- specific landfills established by the contractors. All solid waste will be collected and removed from the work camps and disposed in local waste disposal sites.

31

10. Water quality

112. The subproject has potential impacts on water quality due to washing of equipment (i.e. vehicles and concrete mixers), and leakage and spills from discharge from worker camps to the water resources. To mitigate, there should be a 1) set up proper and adequate sanitary facilities, 2) ensure strict observance of proper waste handling and disposal and proper sanitation including by the contractors and its workers, 3) provide wastewater treatment facility (e.g., septic tank), and 4) trucks and other vehicle maintenance should be strictly controlled to prevent the discharge of waste into the river system. Wastewater from the construction works containing high concentration of suspended solids should be collected through a sedimentation tank located within the construction bunk house areas. The sedimentation tank is an unlined hole in the ground which will allow the liquid to seep through the soil and the accumulated solids will be scooped out to the sacks. A layer of accumulated solids forms at the bottom of the tank and will be periodically removed.

11. Construction drainage system

113. The contractor shall construct drainage systems to facilitate drainage and rain water natural channels. The contractor will also provide adequate short-term drainage away from construction sites to prevent ponding and flooding.

12. Workers health, safety and hygiene

114. Construction sites are likely to have public health impacts. Contractors will ensure that no untreated wastewater is discharged in the river and that no site-specific landfills will be established at the construction camps. There will be a potential for diseases to be transmitted, exacerbated by inadequate health and safety practices. The contractor will therefore be required to recruit or designate a health and safety officer to address such concerns in the work sites and liaise/work with the nearby communities.

115. Mitigation measures include: 1) proper fencing, protective barriers, and buffer zones should be provided around all construction sites, 2) sufficient signage and information disclosure, and supervisors and night guards should be placed, 3) worker and public safety guidelines should be followed, 4) provide adequate sanitation and waste disposal at construction sites, 5) the contractor will not hire children and pregnant women, 6) standing water suitable for disease vector breeding should be filled in, 7) worker education and awareness seminars for construction hazards should be given at the beginning of the construction phase. A construction site safety program should be developed and distributed to workers, 8) appropriate safety clothing, footwear, gloves, hard hats, eye protection and other personal protective equipment should be mandatory for all construction workers, 9) adequate medical services must be on site or nearby all construction site, 10) drinking water must be provided at all construction sites, and 11) all construction sites should be examined daily to ensure unsafe conditions are removed.

13. Traffic safety and management

116. Throughout the construction period, the contractor should ensure that affected people are provided adequate and safe access to properties (structures, land, etc.). During construction, the contractor is responsible for ensuring that all construction vehicles observe speed limits on the construction sites and to provide adequate signage, barriers, and flag persons for traffic control. Sign postings such as ‘men working’, ‘Keep left/right’, ‘construction ahead’, and ‘speed limit’, should be used for traffic management and road safety. As much as possible, road works will be

32 confined to one half of the road width at each section to provide access to pedestrian and vehicles during construction works.

14. Ecological environment (Flora and Fauna)

117. Rehabilitation work will directly cause minor degradation of the local ecology through the clearance of small areas of vegetation (mainly grasses) at major work sites. A short-term impact on ecology along the rehabilitated road is likely to occur in worksites during the construction period due to minor vegetation clearance. Vegetative cover stripped from the locations described above will be kept for slope protection.

118. Meanwhile, the potential impacts from the construction bunkhouse are poaching of edible animals and birds of the locality in spite of prohibitions. The contractors’ will be responsible for providing adequate knowledge to the workers regarding the protection of fauna. In short, all workers will be prohibited from hunting wild animals.

119. It is pointed out that the bunkhouse is only a rest area during daytime work breaks and not a living and sleeping quarter of the workers during the duration of construction.

15. Damage to properties

120. Another potential impact during construction is damaged to properties (structures, irrigation and farmland) and access roads due to civil works, transport of materials and other project-related activities. To address this impact, the contractor will immediately repair and/or compensate for any damage that it causes to properties (houses, farmlands, aquaculture ponds, irrigation canals, and others), community facilities such as water supply, power supply, communication facilities and the like. Access roads used for transport of construction materials and other construction-related activities will be maintained by the Contractor in at least in their pre-project condition for the duration of construction.

16. Concrete washout

121. The discharge of cement-laden water and slurry during concrete mixing may contaminate water resources and damage productive land in the surrounding areas. To mitigate possible effects of cement-laden water and slurry, the Contractor shall 1) collect and retain all the concrete washout water and solids in leak proof containers, so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, 2) recycle the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or 3) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade.

17. Use of Hazardous Substances

122. Storage and use of fuel, lubricant and other toxic and hazardous chemicals will have potential impacts on soil surface and groundwater contamination. To address this impact, vehicle maintenance and refueling will be confined to areas in construction sites designed (with concrete flooring, drainage leading to oil and water separator, etc.) to contain spilled lubricants and fuels. Spill waste will be disposed to sites approved by the concerned government agency and following national regulations. Adequate precaution will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hazardous substances contamination of channel beds. Spillage if any will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces. All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations such as fire,

33 spills, etc. in compliance with all the applicable statutory stipulation. The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas will be access controlled and entry will be allowed only under authorization. Hazardous wastes will be collected, stored, transported and disposed consistent with national regulations to ensure that these will not cause pollution of surrounding areas.

18. Public safety

123. Some of the mitigation measures that should be implemented are as follows: To mitigate this impact, the following should be addressed by the Contractor: 1) installation of sturdy fencing around excavation areas and construction sites, 2) provision of proper signage and lighting at night at the periphery of the construction site to warn and direct traffic and pedestrians, 3) deployment of security personnel in hazardous areas to restrict public access, 4) imposition of speed limits for construction vehicles along residential areas and where there are other sensitive receptors, and 5) orientation of drivers on safe driving practices to minimize accidents and to prevent spill of hazardous substances and other construction materials during transport.

C. Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Phase

1. Operation of upgraded access road

124. The rehabilitation of Lataban to Canta-ub road will directly increase delivery of agricultural products, access to natural resources management project sites, and open for tourism businesses. This subproject site will be considered as one alternative routes to reach the potential ecotourism sites identified by the LGU. However, other potential impacts include increased risk of accident or injury, exploitation of natural resources in the area, and unplanned urbanization. However, the positive impacts will mainly focus on increased delivery of agricultural products, provide access to natural resources management project sites, and open for tourism businesses. To mitigate these impacts, the LGU of Sierra Bullones and other concerned agencies shall initiate and implement the following: 1) set speed limit when passing through populated area, 2) provide appropriate warning signs and lighting, 3) regular removal of debris, logs and other materials along drainage canals to avoid clogging, 4) regular vegetation control along run-off area to ensure free flow, 5) ensure that existing environmental management policies are effectively implemented and proper coordination involves different agencies, 6) adherence to land use and zoning regulations, and 7) promote tourism in the area through advertisement from the local and nationwide venue.

VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION

A. Stakeholder Consultations

125. The IEE process included stakeholder participation and consultation to discuss the subproject components, scope of works, and potential impacts and mitigation measures. A series of consultations with its two influenced barangays (i.e. Lataban and Canta-ub) and local government unit of Sierra Bullones confirmed that the rehabilitation of the Lataban to Canta-ub road is accepted and essential for economic development of the barangays.

126. During the consultations, the proponent together with the consultant made the presentation of the subproject describing the objective of the consultations, subproject

34 description, proposed civil works, and anticipated environmental impacts and their mitigation measures. The consultations went very well and effective and the discussions were documented. The results of the consultation were positive, with local people considering that the road will bring significant economic benefits to the barangays and increase trade flows (Table 14 and Appendices 5-7). Concerns on the subproject will mainly revolve during its construction phase and can be mitigated. The participants assessed that there will be no long term negative environmental impacts in the subproject. The majority of the respondents cited ease of transport as one of the direct benefits of the road. They are not anticipating any negative impact of the subproject to the environment though one of the respondents mentioned that the road might be a corridor for illegal loggers to access the forest land. There will be a need to intensify the barangay patrolling during the operation phase of the access road.

127. As a result of the consultation meetings conducted, the barangay council expressed their acceptance and support to the project by executing a resolution endorsing the subproject (Appendix 8 and 9).

128. With the involvement of the LGU in the subproject activities of INREMP particularly in the implementation of rural infrastructure support facilities, they dedicated time and effort in participating with orientation, consultation, planning and training activities. Indeed, a municipal resolution was crafted affirming the interest of the local government unit to apply, negotiate, avail financing grant from the INREMP of the DENR thru the municipal development fund office, and undertake other acts necessary for the effective implementation of Lataban to Canta-ub access road (Appendix 10).

Table 14: Summary of Stakeholder Views of the Road Rehabilitation in Sierra Bullones

Date: 30 November 2016; 6 July 2017 and; 17 July 2017 Venue: Barangay Halls of Barangay Lataban and Canta-ub, Sierra Bullones, Bohol Total Number of Participants: 127; 26; 34 Participants: Residents of the two barangays, MPDC Staff, PPMO (RIE, TEO), CESM Project Support Staff Questions Responses The following are the responses of the participants when asked what benefits they’re expecting to gain from the subproject: • Accessibility Benefits from the road • Better road condition rehabilitation • Ease of transport of agricultural produce to the market expressed by on-site • Easier and faster travel for students and off-site • More frequent monitoring of environmental protection initiatives stakeholders • Reduction of rad accident incidence • More PUVs will enter the area • Access to basic social services such as college education and hospital in Jagna, Bohol Beneficiaries Response Project Management Team Response Pre- construction • No issues were identified in this • No issues were identified in this phase issues phase phase Participants Suggestion/s: • Access to Cantau-ub may be • Participants are not bothered hampered for a time because this concern is only Construction phase temporary issues • Near lots may be affected • Participants affirmed that there are no land titles or claims in lots alongside the access toad since the area is classified as timberland

35

Date: 30 November 2016; 6 July 2017 and; 17 July 2017 Venue: Barangay Halls of Barangay Lataban and Canta-ub, Sierra Bullones, Bohol Total Number of Participants: 127; 26; 34 Participants: Residents of the two barangays, MPDC Staff, PPMO (RIE, TEO), CESM Project Support Staff Questions Responses

• Engr. Boloyos suggested that in this road section, shouldering would be • A participant shared that a reduced to avoid the mahogany tree. mahogany tree may be cut In addition, another participant during road rehabilitation suggested that the centerline of the concrete pavement could be adjusted farther away from the mahogany since there are no tees on the other side of the road

• Participants see no problem with the noise and dust pollution in the road • Noise and dust pollution rehabilitation site since its only temporary

• To minimize waste, excess cement mix will be utilized by the residents in their houses and cement sacks will • Construction wastes be used as plant pots.

• Curing of concrete • Mr. Magalona reminded the residents to be mindful of the curing period of Operation and the concrete pavement. Motorcycles maintenance phase can only pass through the road after issues ten (10) days, while four-wheeled vehicles after twenty (20) days. • For better monitoring of the subproject implementation, the participants suggested that it is way better if there are barangay residents who are also laborers of the road project. Citing their experience with the KALAHI, the residents are now aware of the standards for road projects thus giving them the capability to distinguish between standard and substandard materials. Further, eagerness of the residents Other Concerns will also fuel faster construction. • Mr. Magalona added that ownership of the subproject will be strengthened if the residents are directly involved in implementation. He assured that the LGU would add local hiring as one condition in bid documents.

Aside from the anticipated issues and its corresponding mitigations/ responses mentioned on the previous table, the TA-PMIC also identified potential issues and mitigation measures

that the subproject might face. These issues and measures are all captured on the Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan of Sierra Bullones.

B. Information Disclosure

129. After study completion, the IEE documenting the mitigation measures and consultation process will be submitted to ADB for posting on their website, DENR-FMB, the Municipality of Sierra Bullones, Bohol and the two affected Barangay offices, the Provincial Environmental and Natural Resource Officer, and DENR regional office, which will make them available to the public. More informal and vigorous level of disclosure and consultation will be done during implementation through:

36

(i) The preparation and dissemination of a brochure in local languages, explaining the affected peoples’ entitlements and the procedures for obtaining compensation for temporary disturbances, trees, crops, and land for construction camps and recording grievances; and

(ii) Setting up a formal grievance redress committee with a representation from the affected people. Field consultant in association with the Contractor will be responsible for managing the effective grievance redress program.

VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM

130. The Local Government Unit of Sierra Bullones has properly conducted the consultations with the different stakeholders of the sub-project site. However, it still has to make room for possible issues, concerns, or grievances and disputes arising from the communities in relation to the project implementation. Thus, it sets up a Grievance Redress Mechanism to provide a venue for resolving grievances and disputes even at the lowest level. This will be done to resolve disputes as early and as quickly as possible before it escalates to an unmanageable level.

131. Since, the community consultations were conducted smoothly and no adverse or violent reactions have been noted, there are only minor grievances that are anticipated which may arise. These are listed below:

1) Road accessibility related grievances – This may include complaints from communities using the roads under repair or construction due to temporary obstruction, which may cause delay in travel time and other inconveniences of the travelling public.

2) Construction related grievances – Community members may demand to be hired as part of the labor force in the project construction/implementation. This may also include complaints of community members regarding noise, drainage, and etc.

132. If case grievances and disputes do arise, there are existing groups in the area which can be tapped to form part of the GRM. In fact, different active groups exist in the area such as the Barangay Development Council (BDC) with its Lupon which is mainly in-charge of settling disputes related to barangay administration.

133. A subproject-specific grievance redress mechanism will be established at the RPMO to receive, evaluate and facilitate the complaints/grievances of affected persons on the sub-project’s environmental performance. This mechanism will be disclosed to the host communities before start of civil works.

134. The grievance redress committee (GRC) will be chaired by the Regional Project Management Office (RPMO) head. Members will include the following: (i) designated GRM officer of RPMO, (ii) contractor’s highest official at the site such as the Construction Manager or the Construction Superintendent; and (iii) barangay chairperson. For the quick filing of complaints, the GRC will use the attached grievance intake form (Appendix 11). The RPMO's GRM officer will be responsible for registration of grievances and communication with the aggrieved party.

37

135. The steps to be followed in filing complaints and the procedures for redress are the following:

(i) complainant will provide the background and file the complaint verbally or in writing to the RPMO, and the RPMO's GRM officer will assist the complainant in filling-up the grievance intake form; (ii) within 2 working days, the GRM Officer, contractor’s representative, and complainant will discuss if the complaint can be resolved without calling for a GRC meeting; (iii) within 3 days of lodging the complaint, the RPMO's GRM officer will provide the complainant a written feedback on the process, steps and timeframe for resolving the complaint. (iv) if the complaint cannot be resolved, a GRC meeting with the complainant will be called within 5 working days; (v) the GRC will have 15 working days to resolve the complaint; (vi) the complainant will receive feedback from the RPMO's GRM officer within 5 working days after the various steps of the GRM are completed; and (vii) if unsatisfied with the decision, the existence of the GRC will not impede the complainant's access to the Government's judicial, administrative remedies or through concerned government agencies (e.g., Community Environment and Natural Resources Office and Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office of DENR, Regional offices of the Environmental Management Bureau, etc.)

136. The GRC will receive, follow-up and prepare monthly reports regarding all complaints, disputes or questions received about the Project and corresponding actions taken to resolve the issues. These reports will be included in the semi-annual environmental monitoring reports to be submitted to ADB.

137. All grievance/complaints will be posted in respective Barangay and LGU Bulletin Boards for public disclosure/information. The functioning of the grievance redress mechanism will be regularly monitored and evaluated by the DENR-INREMP, during project implementation.

VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Implementation Arrangements

138. Institutions responsible for executing and monitoring the implementation of the EMP are presented in Table 15.

Table 15: Responsibilities for EMP Implementation Agency Responsibilities LGU of Sierra Bullones, Bohol • Executing agency with overall responsibility for project construction and operation thru the Sierra Bullones subproject management unit (SPMU) composed of LGU division heads especially the Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator and the Municipal Engineer. • Ensure that sufficient funds are available to properly implement the EMP • Ensure that Project implementation complies with Government environmental policies and regulations • Ensure that the Project, regardless of financing source, complies with the provisions of the EMP and ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009

38

Agency Responsibilities • Obtain necessary environmental approval(s) from the Environmental Management Bureau and/or other concerned government agencies prior to commencement of civil works • Ensure that tender and contract documents for design, supervision and civil works include the relevant EMP requirements • Establish an environmental grievance redress mechanism, as described in the IEE, to receive and facilitate resolution of affected peoples’ concerns • Submit semi-annual monitoring reports on EMP implementation to ADB. PPMO and WMPCO • Closely monitor contractor’s environmental performance and over-all implementation of the EMP • Prepare semi-annual environmental monitoring reports on status of EMP implementation for submission to ADB • Based on the results of EMP monitoring, identify environmental corrective actions and prepare a corrective action plan, as necessary, for submission to ADB • Responsible for coordinating with EMB, LGU, and other concerned agencies related to environmental aspects for maintaining project`s compliance with environmental permits. NPCO • Provide guidance and fund allocation • Assist and prepare semi-annual environmental monitoring reports of the subproject. • Closely supervise and monitor the contractor’s implementation of mitigation measures specified in the EMP. • Assist SPMU and WMPCO in preparing semi-annual environmental monitoring reports on status of EMP implementation. Such report will include results of ambient environmental monitoring to be conducted by the contractors. TA - PMIC • Review IEE report and endorsed to ADB for clearance. • Review monitoring reports Contractors • Recruit qualified environmental and safety officer to ensure compliance with environmental statutory requirements, contractual obligations and EMP provisions • Provide sufficient funding and human resources for proper and timely implementation of required mitigation and monitoring measures in the EMP • Implement additional environmental mitigation measures, as necessary, to avoid, minimize and/or compensate for adverse impacts due to construction works and related activities performed by the contractor. EMB - DENR • Review and approve environmental assessment reports required by the Government • Undertake monitoring of the project’s environmental performance based on their mandate ADB • Conduct periodic site visits to assess status of EMP implementation and over-all environmental performance of the Project • Review environmental monitoring reports submitted by the executing agency to ensure that adverse impacts and risks are properly addressed • Publicly disclose through posting on ADB’s website environmental monitoring reports, corrective action plans, new or updated IEE (if any) prepared by the executing agency during project implementation.

39

B. Environmental Mitigation

139. Table 16 presents environmental mitigation measures to address anticipated adverse impacts of the Sub-project. The EMP also shows responsibilities for implementation of mitigation measures and corresponding supervision and monitoring.

Table 16: Environmental Impact Mitigation Plan Project Component/ Potential Mitigation Measures Institutional Responsibilities Cost Activity Environmental Implementation Monitor Estimates Impacts Pre-Construction Phase 1. Confirmation of No negative • Conduct community consultations no required environmental and meetings with barangay SPMU PPMO resettlement, impacts officials, concerned POs, affected relocations, persons, indigenous peoples, and ensuring that there is equal compensation representation of women. • Conduct information awareness campaign regarding subproject location. 2. Identification Subproject siting Subproject site validation with and posing adverse following conditions: SPMU PPMO prioritization impact on the of road environment and ▪ Ensure that the validation alignment, immediate process as per DENR NCIP- conduct surroundings MOA on INREMP topographic implementation is being survey and Lack of complied with Right of Way information and/or ▪ Hold consultative meetings (ROW) low participation of with balanced representation negotiation the community, of men and women, particularly indigenous peoples and women, affected persons on the indigenous subproject components and peoples and management plan marginalized ▪ During the subproject sectors conceptualization and initial design stage and even prior to finalization of design, the ROW conflict proponent LGU shall invite between and representatives from all among land sectors of the community, owners including the indigenous peoples and equal representation of women, for the conduct of orientation. The aim is to generate reactions and comments for integration into final subproject design ▪ Involve barangay officials, indigenous peoples and affected households in ROW negotiation ▪ Secure the waiver of rights to any claim/ compensation if there are any claimants. 3. Preparation of Minimize negative Work with proponent LGU RI SPMU PPMO detailed environmental Engineer for the completion of the engineering impacts proposed upgraded access road designs and detailed designs and to ensure the programs of following measures are included: work for the subproject • Identification of spill management prevention and emergency response plans for all construction sites;

40

• No disturbance or damage to cultural objects and landmarks; • No or minimal encroachment into agriculture or forested lands. • Locate aggregate borrow pits and rock supply areas away from human settlements with fencing and access barriers; • No or minimal disruption to village water supplies along access roads, utilities, and electricity with contingency plans for unavoidable disruptions; • For local residents: include specific plan to notify and provide them schedule to minimize disruption to normal commercial and residential activities 4. Recruitment of Gender ▪ Hire local workers as much as Contractor SPMU Part of the workers discrimination and possible, and give equal Contractor’s tendency to recruit privilege for women and contract outsiders indigenous peoples to get involved in selected tasks appropriate for them. ▪ During recruitment of construction workers, the Contractor shall ensure that qualified community members, to include the indigenous peoples and equal representation of women are given priority in recruitment of workforce; this will be stipulated in the contract documents.. Construction Phase Implement Pollution, injury, • Procure construction materials Contractor SPMU, Part of the construction interrupted usual from sources with valid PPMO, Contractor’s materials road use, disrupted environmental clearances, i.e. LGU, RPCO contract acquisition, transport access, noise for sand, gravel and timber access, and storage from those with valid DENR- system MGB/EMB permits. • All borrow pits and quarries should be approved by Municipal Engineering Division. • Select pits and quarries in areas with low gradient and as close as possible to construction the sites. • Required aggregate volumes must be carefully calculated prior to extraction to prevent wastage. • Pits and quarries should not be located near surface waters, forested areas, critical habitat for wildlife, or cultural objects and landmarks. • If aggregate quarrying from fluvial environments is required small streams and rivers should be used, and dry alluvial plains preferred. • All topsoil and overburden removed should be stockpiled for later restoration. • All borrow pits and quarries

41

should have a fence perimeter with signage to keep public away. • After use pits and quarries should be dewatered and permanent fences installed with signage to keep public out, and restored as much as possible using original overburden and topsoil. • Unstable slope conditions in/adjacent to the quarry or pit caused by the extractions should be rectified with tree planting. • Define & schedule how materials are extracted from borrow pits and rock quarries, transported, and handled & stored at sites. • Define and schedule how fabricated materials such as steel, wood structures, and scaffolding will be transported and handled. • All aggregate loads on trucks should be covered. Clearing and Damage or loss of • Cutting of any vegetation (tree) Contractor SPMU, Part of the removal of vegetation and is strictly prohibited without a PPMO, Contractor’s obstructions landscape tree cutting permit from DENR- LGU, RPCO contract PENRO

Implement soil Land erosion • Berms, and plastic sheet fencing Contractor SPMU, Part of the erosion control should be placed around all PPMO, Contractor’s measures excavations and earthwork LGU, RPCO contract areas. • Earthworks should be conducted during dry months (i.e. March – April). • Maintain a stockpile of topsoil for immediate site restoration following backfilling. • Protect exposed or cut slopes with planted vegetation and have a slope stabilization protocol ready. • Re-vegetate all soil exposure areas immediately after work is completed. • Minimize damage and cutting of surrounding vegetation during slope formation, • Prevent erosion and protect the cut slope with temporary drainage as soon as practicable after cutting, and • If new erosion occurs accidentally, back fill immediately to restore original contours. Civil works: ground Degradation of • All construction sites should be Contractor SPMU, Part of the surface levelling and terrestrial and located away from forested or PPMO, Contractor’s concrete paving of aquatic resources plantation areas as much as LGU, RPCO contract existing road and decreased possible. water quality • All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled away from forested and plantation areas. • No waste of any kind is to be

42

discarded on land or in forests/plantations. • Protective berms, plastic sheet fencing, or silt curtains should be placed between all earthworks and nearby surface waters. • Erosion channels must be built around aggregate stockpile areas to contain rain-induced erosion. • Earthworks should be conducted during dry periods. • All construction fluids such as oils, and fuels should be stored and handled with extra care away from surface waters. • No waste of any kind is to be thrown in surface waters. • No washing or repair of machinery near surface waters. • Pit latrines to be located away from surface waters. • No unnecessary earthworks in or adjacent to water courses. • No aggregate mining from nearby rivers. Implement noise and Dust and noise • Regularly water spraying to Contractor SPMU, Part of the dust control exposed soil and construction PPMO, Contractor’s roads. LGU, RPCO contract • Cover or keep moist all stockpiles of construction aggregates, and all truckloads of aggregates. • Minimize the time for excavations and exposed soil are left open or exposed. Backfill immediately after work is completed. • As much as possible, restrict working time between 07:00 and 17:00, in particular, activities such as pile driving, etc. • Maintain equipment in proper working condition • Replace unnecessarily noisy vehicles and machinery. • Vehicles and machinery to be turned off when not in use. • Construct temporary noise barriers. Dust and noise from Air and noise • Provision of noise control Contractor SPMU, Part of the borrow pits measures use of well- PPMO, Contractor’s maintained vehicles and LGU, RPCO contract equipment; • watering of the earth roads close to the settlements, use covered truck; • secure appropriate environmental permits; • the borrow materials must be access-controlled to keep away unauthorized entry of people, and any other stray animals; and • protective gear like ear plugs will be provided to operating personnel if they are exposed to noise levels beyond threshold

43

limits (i.e. 47 dBA during morning and 50 dBA during daytime). Implement spoil Contamination of • Uncontaminated spoils will be Contractor SPMU, Part of the management and land and surface temporarily placed in a pre- PPMO, Contractor’s control measure waters from identified area, which must LGU, RPCO contract excavated spoil, never be in or adjacent surface and construction waters. waste • Spoil must not be disposed of on sloped land, near cultural property or values, ecologically important areas, or on/near any other socially or ecologically sensitive feature. • Where possible spoil should be used at other construction sites, or disposed in spent quarries or borrow pits. • A record of type, estimated volume, and source of disposed spoil must be recorded. • Uncontaminated spoil to be disposed of in government – designated sites, which must never be in or adjacent surface waters. Designated sites must be clearly marked and identified. • Spoil must not be disposed of on sloped land, near cultural property or values, ecologically important areas, or on/near any other socially or ecologically sensitive feature. • Where possible spoil should be used at other construction sites, or disposed in spent quarries or borrow pits. • A record of type, estimated volume, and source of disposed spoil must be recorded. • Contaminated spoil disposal must follow government regulations as per RA 9003 including handling, transport, treatment (if necessary), and disposal. • Suspected contaminated soil must be tested, and disposed of in designated sites identified as per government regulations. • Before treatment or disposal contaminated spoil must be covered with plastic and isolated from all human activity. Implement solid and Contamination of • Management of general solid Contractor SPMU, Part of the liquid construction land and surface and liquid waste of construction PPMO, Contractor’s waste management waters from will follow government LGU, RPCO contract system construction waste regulations to include covering, collecting, handling, transporting, recycling, and disposing waste created from construction activities and the work force. • The contractor will coordinate to the LGU’s or barangay’s solid wastes management unit for garbage collections • Construction sites should have

44

large garbage bins. • Pick up of solid wastes should be at least two (2) a week to ensure construction sites are as clean as possible. • Solid waste should be separated and recyclables be sold to buyers in the community.

Hazardous Waste • Collection, storage, transport, and disposal of hazardous waste such as used oils, gasoline, paint, and other toxics must follow government regulations. • Wastes should be separated (e.g., hydrocarbons, batteries, paints, organic solvents) • Wastes must be stored above ground in closed, well labeled, ventilated plastic bins in good condition, away from construction activity areas, all surface water, water supplies, and cultural and ecological sensitive receptors. • In case, all spills must be immediately cleaned up. Water quality Water and soil • set up proper and adequate Contractor SPMU, Part of the sanitary facilities, PPMO, Contractor’s • ensure strict observance of LGU, RPCO contract proper waste handling and disposal and proper sanitation including by the contractors and its workers, • provide wastewater treatment facility (e.g., septic tank), and • trucks and other vehicle maintenance should be strictly controlled to prevent the discharge of waste into the river system. Wastewater from the construction works containing high concentration of suspended solids should be treated through sedimentation tanks. Implement Loss of drainage • Provide adequate short-term Contractor SPMU, Part of the construction and rain water drainage away from construction PPMO, Contractor’s drainage system natural channels sites to prevent ponding and LGU, RPCO contract flooding. • Prevent borrow pits and quarries to be filled with water. Pump periodically to infiltration areas or nearby water courses. • Install temporary storm drains or ditches for construction sites • Ensure connections among surface waters (ponds, streams) are maintained or enhanced to sustain existing storm water storage capacity. • Protect surface waters from silt and eroded soil. Workers health, Land and people • proper fencing, protective Contractor SPMU, Part of the safety and hygiene barriers, and buffer zones PPMO, Contractor’s should be provided around all LGU, RPCO contract construction sites, • sufficient signage and

45

information disclosure, and supervisors and night guards should be placed, • worker and public safety guidelines should be followed, • provide adequate sanitation and waste disposal at construction sites, • the contractor will not hire children, • standing water suitable for disease vector breeding should be filled in, • worker education and awareness seminars for construction hazards should be given at the beginning of the construction phase. A construction site safety program should be developed and distributed to workers, • the contractor will develop appropriate safety program before the start of the construction, • appropriate safety clothing, footwear, gloves, hard hats, eye protection and other PPE should be mandatory for all construction workers, • a safety officer must be on site or nearby the construction site, • drinking water must be provided at all construction sites, • sufficient lighting be used during necessary night work, and • all construction sites should be examined daily to ensure unsafe conditions are removed. Traffic safety and Land and people All construction vehicles observe Contractor SPMU, Part of the management speed limits (i.e. 10 kph) on the PPMO, Contractor’s construction sites and to provide LGU, RPCO contract adequate signage, barriers, and flag persons for traffic control. Sign postings such as ‘men working’, ‘Keep left/right’, ‘construction ahead’, and ‘speed limit’, should be used for traffic management and road safety. As much as possible, road works will be confined to one half of the road width at each section to provide access to pedestrian and vehicles during construction works. Ecological Land • poaching of edible animals and Contractor SPMU, Part of the environment (Flora birds of the locality in spite of PPMO, Contractor’s and Fauna) prohibitions. LGU, RPCO contract • providing adequate knowledge to the workers regarding the protection of fauna. • all workers will be prohibited from hunting wild animals. Damage to Land The contractor will immediately Contractor SPMU, Part of the properties repair and/or compensate for any PPMO, Contractor’s damage that it causes to properties LGU, RPCO contract (houses, farmlands, aquaculture ponds, irrigation canals, and others), community facilities such as water supply, power supply,

46

communication facilities and the like. Access roads used for transport of construction materials and other construction-related activities will be maintained by the Contractor in at least in their pre- project condition for the duration of construction. Concrete washout Soil and water The Contractor shall 1) collect and Contractor SPMU, Part of the contamination retain all the concrete washout PPMO, Contractor’s water and solids in leak proof LGU, RPCO contract containers, so that this does not reach the soil surface and then migrate to surface waters or into the ground water, 2) recycle the collected concrete washout water and solids, and/or 3) use of a washout pit made with a plastic lining that can be dug into the ground or built above grade. Use of Hazardous People, land and Vehicle maintenance and refueling Contractor SPMU, Part of the Substances water will be confined to areas in PPMO, Contractor’s construction sites designed (with LGU, RPCO contract concrete flooring, drainage leading to oil and water separator, etc.) to contain spilled lubricants and fuels. Spill waste will be disposed to sites approved by the concerned government agency and following national regulations. Adequate precaution will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/ hazardous substances contamination of channel beds. Spillage if any will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no traces. All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations such as fire, spills, etc. in compliance with all the applicable statutory stipulation. The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas will be access controlled and entry will be allowed only under authorization. Hazardous wastes will be collected, stored, transported and disposed consistent with national regulations to ensure that these will not cause pollution of surrounding areas. Public safety People • installation of sturdy fencing Contractor SPMU, Part of the around excavation areas and PPMO, Contractor’s construction sites, LGU, RPCO contract • provision of proper signage and lighting at night at the periphery of the construction site to warn and direct traffic and pedestrians, • deployment of security personnel in hazardous areas to restrict public access, • imposition of speed limits for construction vehicles along residential areas and where there are other sensitive receptors, and • orientation of drivers on safe

47

driving practices to minimize accidents and to prevent spill of hazardous substances and other construction materials during transport. Operation Stage Operation of Increased risk of • Set speed limit when passing LGU of Sierra SPMU, Part of the upgraded access accident or injury, through populated area Bullones PPMO, proponent road air pollution and LGU, RPCO obligation noise. • Provide appropriate warning signs and lighting Obstruction of • Regular removal of debris, logs runoff along and other materials along drainage canals drainage canals to avoid causing runoff clogging overflow leading to • Regular vegetation control along erosion of the run-off area to ensure free flow road Ensure that existing • environmental management Exploitation of policies are effectively natural resources implemented and proper in the area coordination involves different

agencies. Unplanned urbanization • Adherence to land use and zoning regulations Increased delivery • Promote tourism in the area of agricultural through advertisement from the products local and nationwide venue.

Tourism

C. Environmental Monitoring

140. Table below presents the environmental monitoring activities to be undertaken during various project phases. Monitoring of the contractor’s environmental performance in terms of implementation of mitigation measures during construction phases shall be undertaken by the community at the barangay level, and the NPCO Environmental Safeguard Specialist (ESS). The ESS shall be assisted by TA-PMIC in preparing semi-annual environmental monitoring reports. Such report will be submitted by the proponent to ADB and will be publicly disclosed on ADB’s website. The monitoring reports shall describe in detail the status of EMP implementation and compliance issues as well as corrective actions, if any.

141. The ESS during project implementation will be required organize a community level environmental monitoring. Prior to commencement of site works, the ESS and SSS shall undertake consultations with affected residents, barangay and/or officials to encourage them to participate in the community level environmental monitoring program. The locals shall be allowed to freely participate during the environmental monitoring to be conducted by the LGU together with SSS and ESS. The SSE, ESS and WMPCO shall provide orientation on how to undertake monitoring using the Environmental Monitoring Framework shown in Table 17.

48

Table 17: Community Level Construction Monitoring Form Sample COMMUNITY LEVEL CONSTRUCTION MONITORING FORM Sub-project Name: Location: Reporting Period: Impact/ Mitigation Measures Compliance Comment on Reasons for Partial or Non- Attained (Yes, No, Compliance or Partial) 1

2

3

n Recommendation/s:

Signature: Date:

49

Table 18: Environmental Monitoring Plan Aspects/ Parameters Means of Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Location To Be Monitored Monitoring Frequency Responsibility Cost Pre-Construction Phase Siting of subproject Barangay Original field Once SPMU, INREMP Lataban, and work, literature WMPCO, Project Cost Barangay survey, RPMO with Canta-ub community SSE and ESS consultations Inclusiveness of Barangay Field work, Once SPMU, INREMP community Lataban, and community WMPCO, Project Cost participation Barangay consultations RPMO, NCIP Canta-ub with SSE and ESS Compliance with Barangay Site inspection Monthly SPMU, INREMP mitigation Lataban, and WMPCO, Project Cost measures set out in Barangay RPMO, NCIP the Environmental Canta-ub with SSE and Mitigation Plan ESS Construction Phase Nuisance caused Barangay · Visual Daily SPMU, INREMP by construction Lataban, and observations to monitoring WMPCO, Project Cost activities (dust Barangay assess impacts through RPMO, NCIP particulates, noise Canta-ub on air quality (dust observations with SSE and level, traffic emission) at construction ESS congestion) · Interviews with site. communities (noise, projectrelated complaints) Water Barangay Visual Monitoring to SPMU, INREMP contamination Lataban, and observations to be done WMPCO, Project Cost (presence of Barangay assess impacts during RPMO, NCIP grease, amount of Canta-ub on surface water excavation with SSE and suspended solids) quality (evidence works ESS of siltation from especially construction after heavy activities) rains Compliance with Barangay Site inspection Monthly SPMU, INREMP mitigation Lataban, and WMPCO, Project Cost measures set out in Barangay RPMO, NCIP the Environmental Canta-ub with SSE and Mitigation Plan ESS Operation and Maintenance of Upgraded Road Overall compliance LGU of Sierra Regular record Continuously SPMU, INREMP to O&M Bullones, keeping. WMPCO, Project Cost responsibilities and RPCO with RPMO, NCIP mitigation SSE and measures as set ESS out in the Environmental Mitigation Plan

142. The NPCO shall submit the following environmental reporting documentation to ADB:

(i) Environmental Monitoring Reports: Semi-annual environmental monitoring reports will be submitted by NPCO to ADB. The report, which will be prepared by ESS with assistance for TA-PMIC, will provide the following information:

• Background/Context of the monitoring report (adequate information on the project, including physical implementation progress of project activities, scope

50

of monitoring report, reporting period, and the monitoring requirements including frequency of submission as agreed upon); • Compliance with applicable government laws, regulations and requirements; • Changes in project scope and adjusted safeguard measures, if applicable; • Monitoring parameters/indicators and methods based on the monitoring plan/program in the EMP; • Monitoring results compared against the objectives of safeguards or desired outcomes documented (e.g. environmental impacts avoided or minimized, etc.); • If noncompliance or any major gaps identified, include a corrective action plan; • Records on disclosure of monitoring information to affected communities; • Summary of environmental mitigations and compensation measures implemented; • Identification of key issues, or complaints from affected people, or recommendations for improvement; • Monitoring adjustment measures recommended based on monitoring experience/trends and stakeholder’s response; • Information about actual institutional arrangement for implementing the monitoring program/plan provided or adjusted, as may be required; • Proposed items of focus for the next report and due date.

(ii) Project Completion Report: One (1) year after completion of the construction, the NPCO through its ESS shall submit a Project Completion Report which will include the overall environmental performance of the Sub-project.

IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

A. Conclusion

143. The present IEE reviewed the general environmental profile of the subproject, covering about 3.3 km roads and screened them to assess potential impacts. The IEE found that no major negative environmental impacts are likely to occur due to the construction activities and normal operations after the proposed rehabilitation. Implementation of appropriate mitigation measures during construction and operation phases will minimize the negative impacts of the Project to acceptable levels. To ensure that these mitigation measures are implemented and negative impacts avoided, the measures and budget for the environmental management plan will be included in the civil works bid and contract specifications of the subproject.

144. Rural infrastructures like roads and water supply projects, arguably are vital structures needed to spur economic development in Lataban and Canta-ub, Sierra Bullones, Bohol, with full potentials and opportunities owing to its varied development zones and natural resources.

145. The Rehabilitation of Lataban to Canta-ub Road project for one shall be a crucial infrastructure for uplifting the quality of life of the people by providing an all-year-round easy and affordable access, improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities, and supporting the NRM project activities of the constituents, thus supporting the developing economy of Lataban and Canta-ub, cascading benefits to the entire municipality.

51

146. Hence, the subproject will have overall beneficial impact and will have minor negative impacts that will be carefully monitored and adequately mitigated through implementation of the EMP.

B. Recommendation

147. The main goal of the project is to support the NRM activities of POs. However, the end goal of the sub-project is to provide an all-year-round easy and affordable access thereby improving the prompt delivery of basic services, increasing economic opportunities and conditions and uplifts the quality of life of the inhabitants, especially the constituents.

148. The subproject will have a direct benefit of savings in transportation cost of agricultural and non - agricultural products, savings of passenger transportation expense and increase Net Value Added from the agricultural production as more farmlands will be utilized due to access to market and trade and the corollary increase in agricultural productivity growth, because of the availability of appropriate technologies to farmers. In addition, indirect benefits will also be experienced especially people who are near the project site. Some of the indirect benefits are creation of jobs in the influence areas, establishment of the good transportation going to public premises like schools, market and hospitals, and increase farm produce and increase number of cultivated lands near the road.

149. The performance indicators that the project will be effective to the influence area are on socioeconomic, agricultural and environmental specifically reduce transportation cost, high agricultural traffic savings in transportation cost and high non-agricultural traffic savings in transportation cost. Whereas, performance indicators that the project will be effective to the NRM site will be increase production of farmlands, increase number of hectares cultivated lands and easier access to transport inputs from market to farm.

150. The proposed rehabilitation of Lataban to Canta-ub Road will boost the economic activities of the influence area which is currently experiencing stagnation due mainly to inaccessibility. With the project, socio-economic services will be easier not only for the public sector but also to private and semi-private providers. This will entice the community to gradually eliminate economic activities in the Forest Protection Zone, and instead, concentrating their activities in the Forest Production Zone of the WMA. In this way, the people will become the guardian of the natural resources of the upper slopes of the WMA guaranteeing stable supply of water and other natural resources in the lower portion of the watershed.

52

APPENDICES

53

Appendix 1: A Copy of the Certificate of Non-Coverage of the Subproject

54

Appendix 2: Certificate of Ancestral Domain (CADC) of the Subproject Site

55

56

Appendix 3: The Rapid Environmental Assessment of the Proposed Subproject

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

Appendix 4: Detailed Engineering Design of the Subproject Components

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

Appendix 5: Minutes of the Consultation Meeting Conducted on 30 November 2016

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

Appendix 6: Minutes of the Consultation Meetings Conducted at Labatan on 6 July 2017

84

85

86

87

88

89

Appendix 7: Minutes of the Consultation Meeting Conducted at Barangay Cantaub on 17 July 2017

90

91

92

93

94

95

Appendix 8: A Copy of the Resolution of Support from Brgy. Lataban and Canta-ub

96

97

98

99

Appendix 9: A Copy of the POs Resolution of Support to the Subproject

100

101

Appendix 10: A Copy of the Resolution of Support from Sangguniang Bayan ng Sierra Bullones

102

Appendix 11: Grievance Intake Form

Name of Project, Subproject and Location

Project (indicate name of project) welcomes complaints, suggestions, comments and queries regarding the project implementation and its stakeholders. We encourage persons with grievance to provide their name and contact information to enable us to get in touch with you for clarification and feedback.

Should you choose to include your personal details but want that information to remain confidential, please inform us by writing/typing "(CONFIDENTIAL)" above your name.

Thank you.

Contact Information

Name Gender □ Male □ Female Home Address Age Phone No. City/Province Email Complaint/Suggestion/Comment/Question Please provide the details (who, what, where and how) of your grievance below:

103

How do you want us to reach you for feedback or update on your comment/grievance?

Portion to be filled in by PPCO staff (designated Grievance Redress Mechanism Officer): Date received:

Received __ In person __ mail __ email __ fax __ phone through: __ sms

Name of staff who received comment/ complaint Position of staff:

Type of Grievance:

Remarks

Signature of staff

Updates on the case: Date: Update Updated by (Name, Signature and Designation)

104

105