Ashish Globalisation Brochure CMYK.Indd
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Common Voices Issue 6
Common Voices Issue 6 Addressing the Commons Editorial Team Editors Rahul Chaturvedi Jagdeesh Puppala, Foundation for Ecological Security, Anand, India Brajesh Dubey Meera Anna Oommen, Dakshin Foundation, Bangalore, India Hetal Hariya Aarthi Sridhar, Dakshin Foundation, Bangalore, India Kiran Kumari Subrata Singh Seema Shenoy Suggested Citation Copyright FES. Year. Article Title. All articles in Common Voices, unless otherwise noted, are licensed under a Common Voices Issue No.: Page range. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. The full text of this license is available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ The e-version of the newsletter and Attribution 3.0 its archive are available at You are free: http://iasc2011.fes.org.in/ to Share - to copy, distribute and transmit the work to Remix - to adapt the work Under the following conditions: Contact us Attribution - You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). We welcome comments, inputs, feedback and queries at With the understanding that: [email protected] Waiver - Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. or Public Domain - Where the work or any of its elements is in the public domain under Editors, Common Voices, applicable law, that status is in no way affected by the license. c/o Foundation for Ecological Security, Other Rights - In no way are any of the following rights affected by the license: PB No. 29, Your fair dealing or fair use rights, or other applicable copyright exceptions and Anand, limitations; 388001, The author’s moral rights; Gujarat, Rights other persons may have either in the work itself or in how the work is used, such India as publicity or privacy rights. -
Default Emissions from Biofuels
Definition of input data to assess GHG default emissions from biofuels in EU legislation Version 1c - July 2017 Edwards, R. Padella, M. Giuntoli, J. Koeble, R. O’Connell, A. Bulgheroni, C. Marelli, L. 2017 EUR 28349 EN This publication is a Science for Policy report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission’s science and knowledge service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of this publication. JRC Science Hub https://ec.europa.eu/jrc JRC104483 EUR 28349 EN PDF ISBN 978-92-79-64617-1 ISSN 1831-9424 doi:10.2790/658143 Print ISBN 978-92-79-64616-4 ISSN 1018-5593 doi:10.2790/22354 Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2017 © European Union, 2017 The reuse of the document is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged and the original meaning or message of the texts are not distorted. The European Commission shall not be held liable for any consequences stemming from the reuse. How to cite this report: Edwards, R., Padella, M., Giuntoli, J., Koeble, R., O’Connell, A., Bulgheroni, C., Marelli, L., Definition of input data to assess GHG default emissions from biofuels in EU legislation, Version 1c – July 2017 , EUR28349 EN, doi: 10.2790/658143 All images © European Union 2017 Title Definition of input data to assess GHG default emissions from biofuels in EU legislation, Version 1c – July 2017 Abstract The Renewable Energy Directive (RED) (2009/28/EC) and the Fuel Quality Directive (FQD) (2009/30/EC), amended in 2015 by Directive (EU) 2015/1513 (so called ‘ILUC Directive’), fix a minimum requirement for greenhouse gas (GHG) savings for biofuels and bioliquids for the period until 2020, and set the rules for calculating the greenhouse impact of biofuels, bioliquids and their fossil fuels comparators. -
Displacement and Relocation of Protected Areas: a Synthesis and Analysis of Case Studies
SPECIAL ARTICLE Displacement and Relocation of Protected Areas: A Synthesis and Analysis of Case Studies Antoine Lasgorceix, Ashish Kothari Relocation of human populations from the protected elocation of human populations from within areas areas results in a host of socio-economic impacts. In notified for wildlife conservation (protected areas or PA India, in many cases, especially relating to tribal R s) has been undertaken in several countries, as a means of trying to reduce pressures on wildlife. It is not the aim communities that have been relatively isolated from the of this essay to dwell on the ecological and social justifi cation for outside world, the displacement is traumatic from both such relocation. Instead, it attempts to describe and analyse the economic and cultural points of view. This paper full range of relocation cases in India in the last few decades, provides brief case studies of displacement (past, discuss the impacts of these displacements from both environ- mental and livelihood perspectives, and offer recommendations ongoing, or proposed) from protected areas, number of on the way to enhance the process by which relocation decisions villages/families displaced, the place where these are taken and implemented.1 villages/families were relocated to, governance of the 1 Background relocation process, and the kind or nature of relocation (voluntary, induced or forced). It finds that not even a 1.1 PAs and Relocation single study shows the ecological costs and benefits of India’s fi rst modern “protected area” was Hailey National Park relocation, comparing what happens at the old site to created in 1936 by the British colonialists, though there were what happens at the rehabilitation site. -
Analytical Environmental Agency 2 21St Century Frontiers 3 22 Four 4
# Official Name of Organization Name of Organization in English 1 "Greenwomen" Analytical Environmental Agency 2 21st Century Frontiers 3 22 Four 4 350 Vermont 5 350.org 6 A Seed Japan Acao Voluntaria de Atitude dos Movimentos por Voluntary Action O Attitude of Social 7 Transparencia Social Movements for Transparency Acción para la Promoción de Ambientes Libres Promoting Action for Smokefree 8 de Tabaco Environments Ações para Preservação dos Recursos Naturais e 9 Desenvolvimento Economico Racional - APRENDER 10 ACT Alliance - Action by Churches Together 11 Action on Armed Violence Action on Disability and Development, 12 Bangladesh Actions communautaires pour le développement COMMUNITY ACTIONS FOR 13 integral INTEGRAL DEVELOPMENT 14 Actions Vitales pour le Développement durable Vital Actions for Sustainable Development Advocates coalition for Development and 15 Environment 16 Africa Youth for Peace and Development 17 African Development and Advocacy Centre African Network for Policy Research and 18 Advocacy for Sustainability 19 African Women's Alliance, Inc. Afrique Internationale pour le Developpement et 20 l'Environnement au 21è Siècle 21 Agência Brasileira de Gerenciamento Costeiro Brazilian Coastal Management Agency 22 Agrisud International 23 Ainu association of Hokkaido 24 Air Transport Action Group 25 Aldeota Global Aldeota Global - (Global "small village") 26 Aleanca Ekologjike Europiane Rinore Ecological European Youth Alliance Alianza de Mujeres Indigenas de Centroamerica y 27 Mexico 28 Alianza ONG NGO Alliance ALL INDIA HUMAN -
IFC Carbon Neutrality Committment Factsheet
Carbon Neutral Commitment for IFC’s Own Operations IFC, along with the World Bank, are committed to making our internal business operations carbon neutral by: IFC’s Carbon Neutrality 1. Calculating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from our operations Commitment is an integral 2. Reducing carbon emissions through both familiar and innovative conservation measures part of IFC's corporate 3. Purchasing carbon offsets to balance our remaining internal carbon footprint after our reduction efforts response to climate change. IFC’s carbon neutrality commitment encourages continual improvement towards more efficient business operations that help mitigate climate change. It is also consistent with IFC’s strategy of guiding our investment work to address climate change and ensure environmental and social sustainability of projects that IFC finances. This factsheet focuses on the carbon footprint of our internal operations rather than the footprint of IFC’s portfolio. IFC uses the ‘operational control approach’ for setting its CALCULATING OUR GHG EMISSIONS organizational boundaries for its GHG inventory. Emissions are included from all locations for which IFC has direct control over IFC has calculated the annual GHG emissions for its internal business operations, and where it can influence decisions that impact GHG operations for headquarters in Washington, D.C. since 2006, and for emissions. IFC’s global operations since 2008 including global business travel. IFC’s annual GHG inventory includes the following sources of The methodology IFC formally used is based on the Greenhouse Gas GHG emissions from IFC’s leased and owned facilities and air Protocol Initiative (GHG Protocol), an internationally recognized GHG travel: accounting and reporting standard. -
Carbon Emission Reduction—Carbon Tax, Carbon Trading, and Carbon Offset
energies Editorial Carbon Emission Reduction—Carbon Tax, Carbon Trading, and Carbon Offset Wen-Hsien Tsai Department of Business Administration, National Central University, Jhongli, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan; [email protected]; Tel.: +886-3-426-7247 Received: 29 October 2020; Accepted: 19 November 2020; Published: 23 November 2020 1. Introduction The Paris Agreement was signed by 195 nations in December 2015 to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change following the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) and the 1997 Kyoto Protocol. In Article 2 of the Paris Agreement, the increase in the global average temperature is anticipated to be held to well below 2 ◦C above pre-industrial levels, and efforts are being employed to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 ◦C. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provides information on emissions of the main greenhouse gases. It shows that about 81% of the totally emitted greenhouse gases were carbon dioxide (CO2), 10% methane, and 7% nitrous oxide in 2018. Therefore, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (or carbon emissions) are the most important cause of global warming. The United Nations has made efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions or mitigate their effect. In Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, three cooperative approaches that countries can take in attaining the goal of their carbon emission reduction are described, including direct bilateral cooperation, new sustainable development mechanisms, and non-market-based approaches. The World Bank stated that there are some incentives that have been created to encourage carbon emission reduction, such as the removal of fossil fuels subsidies, the introduction of carbon pricing, the increase of energy efficiency standards, and the implementation of auctions for the lowest-cost renewable energy. -
The Carbon Footprint of Global Trade Tackling Emissions from International Freight Transport
The Carbon Footprint of Global Trade Tackling Emissions from International Freight Transport 1 International Transport Forum: Global dialogue for better transport Growing concern Projected increase of CO2 emissions from trade-related international freight CO2 emissions om eight = 30% 7% of all transport-related of global CO2 emissions from fuel CO2 emissions combustion The issue CO2 emissions from global freight transport are set to increase fourfold Growth in international trade has been more empty runs and increased demand for rapid, characterised by globalisation and the associated energy-intensive transport such as air freight. As geographical fragmentation of international freight transport — whether by air, land or sea — production processes. Supply chains have become relies heavily on fossil fuel for propulsion and is longer and more complex, as logistics networks link still a long way from being able to switch to cleaner more and more economic centres across oceans energy sources, it is one of the hardest sectors to and continents. Changing consumer preferences decarbonise. and new manufacturing requirements also affect international trade and thus shape freight patterns. The long-term impact of global trade on carbon This has led to more frequent and smaller freight dioxide (CO2) emissions has been largely ignored. shipments and, as a result, to less full containers, International trade contributes to global CO2 2 8132 Mt CO2 emissions 2108 Mt om eight = 30% 7% of all transport-related of global CO2 emissions from fuel CO2 emissions combustion Freight Freight 2010 2050 The issue CO2 emissions from global freight transport are set to increase fourfold emissions mainly through freight transport. -
The Bottom-Up Alternative: the Mitigation Potential of Private Climate Governance After the Paris Agreement
\\jciprod01\productn\H\HLE\42-2\HLE205.txt unknown Seq: 1 30-JUL-18 10:11 THE BOTTOM-UP ALTERNATIVE: THE MITIGATION POTENTIAL OF PRIVATE CLIMATE GOVERNANCE AFTER THE PARIS AGREEMENT Maria L. Banda* ABSTRACT The 2015 Paris Agreement on Climate Change has sought to inject renewed energy into the international climate regime. As a “bottom-up” treaty, however, it allows States to set their own emissions targets. Even before the U.S. withdrawal, States Parties’ commitments fell far short of what is required to achieve the treaty’s objectives. The low level of State ambition, coupled with the lack of an international enforcement mechanism, means that pri- vate initiatives—including through courts, investor actions, and voluntary business commit- ments—will be critical, especially in the U.S., if the climate regime is to deliver on its goals. This Article seeks to contribute to both the theoretical and empirical literature on private climate governance and develop a richer understanding of bottom-up options for the imple- mentation of the Paris Agreement where State leadership is weak or lacking. First, it develops an analytical framework to evaluate the effectiveness, or the mitigation potential, of private climate governance. Second, it provides a critical assessment of three promising forms of pri- vate climate governance: (a) disclosure of company emissions and climate risks; (b) voluntary commitments to reduce emissions; and (c) carbon labeling. The Article shows empirically that these private initiatives face a number of constraints that make them unlikely to generate significant mitigation action in the near term without regulatory backing. However, other bottom-up options, such as climate litigation, can play an important role in closing the ambi- tion deficit by increasing government accountability and facilitating the de facto implementa- tion of the Paris Agreement in the U.S. -
The Carbon Footprint of Domestic Water Use in the Huron River Watershed
The Carbon Footprint of Domestic Water Use in the Huron River Watershed Introduction A significant amount of energy enables our daily use of water. Whenever water is moved uphill, treated, heated, cooled, or pressurized, energy is needed. Most energy production emits carbon dioxide (CO2), which contributes to global warming. Therefore, water use is another, often overlooked, contributor to our individual and collective carbon footprint. Better decisions related to water treatment and use can help reduce the amount of energy used throughout the water use cycle. By focusing on water conservation, efficiency, and reuse, we can minimize energy use, reduce the associated carbon footprint, and protect our freshwater resources. The Huron River Watershed As more people move to cities, the demand on municipal water supplies will grow. In some cities the cost of energy The watershed of the Huron River encompasses over to pump, treat, and deliver water to consumers already 900 square miles of Southeast Michigan. The river itself is around 60% of a city’s energy bill.v Fifty percent of the flows more than 125 miles from its source near Big Lake in total energy consumed by the City of Ann Arbor goes to Springfield Township, to its outlet at Pointe Mouillee in Lake drinking water and wastewater treatment. Both the costs Erie. The watershed contains all or parts of seven counties: Oakland, Livingston, Ingham, Jackson, Washtenaw, Wayne, and and energy required to provide clean and reliable water Monroe, and is home to more than a half million residents. will continue to increase as demand grows. Also, higher The communities of the watershed have access to an abun- regulatory standards are expected for both drinking water dance of freshwater. -
Environmental Governance in Vietnam Institutional Reforms and Failures 1St Edition Ebook Free Download
ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE IN VIETNAM INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS AND FAILURES 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Stephan Ortmann | 9783319497594 | | | | | Environmental Governance in Vietnam Institutional Reforms and Failures 1st edition PDF Book Alternatives to the personal automobile are increasing, including public transport, car sharing and bicycles and alternative propulsion systems. Third World Qaarmly 21 5 : Nguyen van Nga. Nguyen, Nga 1—1. Global environmental governance is about more than simply expanding networks of institutions and decision makers. Nguyen Trung Thang. Civic agriculture Community-supported agriculture Forest gardening Foodscaping Local Permaculture Security Sustainable agriculture Sustainable fishery Urban horticulture Vegetable box scheme. By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our Privacy Policy , Terms of Service , and Dataset License. Main article: World Bank. In addition, we demonstrated the potential gains to be had from tapping into institutional and political energies of inter-community forestry associations and forest rights movements representing actively mobilized forest user groups. These standards differ from UNEP's standards, meant to be the benchmark, thus discrediting the institution and sowing disorder and conflict in the world of environmental governance. Categories : Environmentalism Environmental policy Environmental social science concepts Sustainable development Forest governance Transboundary environmental issues. Community members with four to seven years of education were trained in user-friendly and IPCC-compliant carbon stock measurements through real-time monitoring and data recording ibid. Vietnam Updatt, , Canberra, Australia, Nov Show next xx. Pham Tam. Heng, and David W. Environmental Conservation 37 1 : History of the Vietnam Environment Administration. Washington D. Dixon, Chris, and Andrea Kilgour. Nguyen Manh Cuong. -
Environmental Conflicts and Institutions As Conceptual Cornerstones of Environmental Governance Research
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Paavola, Jouni Working Paper Environmental conflicts and institutions as conceptual cornerstones of environmental governance research CSERGE Working Paper EDM, No. 05-01 Provided in Cooperation with: The Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment (CSERGE), University of East Anglia Suggested Citation: Paavola, Jouni (2005) : Environmental conflicts and institutions as conceptual cornerstones of environmental governance research, CSERGE Working Paper EDM, No. 05-01, University of East Anglia, The Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment (CSERGE), Norwich This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80277 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt -
C H a P T E R Iv
CHAPTER IV Moving forward: youth taking action and making a difference The combined acumen and involvement of all individuals, from regular citizens to scientific experts, will be needed as the world moves forward in implementing climate change miti- gation and adaptation measures and promot- ing sustainable development. Young people must be prepared to play a key role within this context, as they are the ones who will live to R IV experience the long-term impact of today’s crucial decisions. TE The present chapter focuses on the partici- pation of young people in addressing climate change. It begins with a review of the various mechanisms for youth involvement in environ- HAP mental advocacy within the United Nations C system. A framework comprising progressive levels of participation is then presented, and concrete examples are provided of youth in- volvement in climate change efforts around the globe at each of these levels. The role of youth organizations and obstacles to partici- pation are also examined. PROMOTING YOUTH ture. In addition to their intellectual contribution and their ability to mobilize support, they bring parTICipaTION WITHIN unique perspectives that need to be taken into account” (United Nations, 1995, para. 104). THE UNITED NATIONS The United Nations has long recognized the Box IV.1 importance of youth participation in decision- making and global policy development. Envi- The World Programme of ronmental issues have been assigned priority in Action for Youth on the recent decades, and a number of mechanisms importance of participation have been established within the system that The World Programme of Action for enables youth representatives to contribute to Youth recognizes that the active en- climate change deliberations.