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Lncrna FAM83A-AS1 Aggravates the Malignant Development of Esophageal Cancer by Binding to Mir-495-3P

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Lncrna FAM83A-AS1 Aggravates the Malignant Development of Esophageal Cancer by Binding to Mir-495-3P European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 2020; 24: 9408-9415 LncRNA FAM83A-AS1 aggravates the malignant development of esophageal cancer by binding to miR-495-3p G.-M. HUANG, H.-L. ZANG, Y.-X. GENG, Y.-H. LI Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China Guomin Huang and Hongliang Zang contributed equally to this work Key Words: Abstract. – OBJECTIVE: It is of significance to screen out differentially expressed long FAM83A-AS1, MiR-495-3p, Esophageal cancer, Mi- non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that can be uti- gration. lized as tumor biomarkers in esophageal can- cer. This study aims to uncover the effect of ln- cRNA FAM83A-AS1 on regulating migratory po- tential in esophageal cancer and the underlying Introduction mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Tumor tissues and adjacent normal ones were collected from Esophageal cancer is the eighth most popular 62 esophageal cancer patients for detecting FA- malignancy in the world1,2. China has the highest M83A-AS1 levels. Correlations of FAM83A-AS1 incidence of esophageal cancer, and esophageal with clinical indexes and overall survival of squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the prevalent esophageal cancer patients were analyzed. subtype3,4. Because ESCC is the prevalent sub- Thereafter, regulatory effects of FAM83A-AS1 type, ESCC patients were selected in this study. on migratory potential in OE19 and OE33 cells were examined by transwell and wound healing Despite great advances have been achieved in assay. Then, the target genes of FAM83A-AS1 the treatment of esophageal cancer, the 5-year 5,6 were predicted and functionally analyzed, and a survival is only about 15% to 20% . In fact, protein interaction network was constructed. Fi- most esophageal cancer patients are diagnosed in nally, the mechanism of FAM83A-AS1 in regulat- the middle or advanced stage because effective ing the downstream gene miR-495-3p was ana- and sensitive diagnostic approaches are lacked5,7. lyzed through Luciferase assay and rescue ex- Both environmental and genetic factors attribute periments. to the development of esophageal cancer. In par- RESULTS: It was found that FAM83A-AS1 was upregulated in esophageal cancer tissues and ticular, people with special diets and lifestyles, cell lines. Higher rates of lymphatic and dis- such as cured foods, hot foods, long-term drink- tant metastasis and worse survival were ob- ing, and heavy smoking, are more likely to de- served in esophageal cancer patients express- velop esophageal cancer 8,9. Currently, the role of ing higher level of FAM83A-AS1. Besides, the genetic factors in the pathogenesis of esophageal knockdown of FAM83A-AS1 suppressed mi- cancer has been gradually recognized9. Higher gratory potential in OE19 cells, while the over- susceptibility to tumors is observed in people expression of FAM83A-AS1 yielded the oppo- carrying certain genetic mutations associated site trend in OE33 cells. Moreover, miR-495- 3p was indicated to be the target gene bind- with malignant metabolism and tumor cell phe- 9-11 ing FAM83A-AS1, and it was lowly expressed in notypes . It is of significance to seek for specific esophageal cancer and negatively regulated by diagnostic and therapeutic targets for esophageal FAM83A-AS1. Furthermore, the overexpression cancer in the early stage12,13. of miR-495-3p partially abolished the regulato- Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are ry effect of FAM83A-AS1 on migratory potential non-coding RNAs with over 200 nucleotides long. in esophageal cancer. CONCLUSIONS: They cannot encode proteins because open read- FAM83A-AS1 is upregulated 14,15 in esophageal cancer, and it stimulates migra- ing frames are lacked . It is reported that over tory potential in esophageal cancer by negative- 60% genomes in mammals can be transcribed, 15,16 ly regulating miR-495-3p. and most of transcripts are lncRNAs . Ln- 9408 Corresponding Author: Yuhui Li, MD; e-mail: [email protected] LncRNA FAM83A-AS1 aggravates the malignant development of esophageal cancer cRNAs are involved in life activities17,18. In tumor scope. Migratory cells were counted in 10 ran- diseases, dysregulated lncRNAs are capable of dom fields per sample. influencing tumor development18,19. Upregulated lncRNA H19 in colorectal cancer stimulates tu- Wound Healing Assay mor growth by recruiting and binding to eIF4A3, Cells were inoculated in 6-well plates and thus leading to a poor prognosis20. grown to 90% confluence. After an artificial FAM83A-AS1 is a classic tumor-associated ln- wound was created in cell monolayer, medium cRNA, serving as an oncogene in some types of with 1% FBS was replaced. 24 hours later, wound tumors21-23. The aim of this paper was to uncover closure was captured. the role of FAM83A-AS1 in regulating esopha- geal cancer and the underlying mechanism. Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) Extracted RNAs by TRIzol reagent (Invit- Patients and Methods rogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) were purified by DNase I treatment, and reversely transcribed Esophageal Cancer Samples into complementary deoxyribose nucleic acids A total of 62 paired esophageal species and (cDNAs) using PrimeScript RT Reagent (TaKa- adjacent normal ones were surgically resected Ra, Otsu, Shiga, Japan). The obtained cDNAs and stored at -80°C. Clinical data of them were underwent qRT-PCR using SYBR® Premix Ex recorded. This study was approved by the Ethics Taq™ (TaKaRa, Otsu, Shiga, Japan). Glyceralde- Committee of China-Japan Union Hospital of hyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and Jilin University and conducted after informed U6 were the internal references. Each sample consent was obtained from each subject. was performed in triplicate, and relative lev- el was calculated by 2-ΔΔCt. FAM83A-AS1: for- Cell Culture ward: 5’-ACCTGAGTGGTTTGGTTGGG-3’, Esophageal cancer cell lines (OE19, OE33, reverse: 5’-CCCCAGAGCACTTCCTTAGC-3’, TE-1, and EC-109) and an esophageal epithelial GAPDH: forward: 5’-CTGGGCTACACTGAG- cell line (HEEC) were purchased from American CACC-3’, reverse: 5’-AAGTGGTCGTTGAG- Type Culture Collection (ATCC; Manassas, VA, GGCAATG-3’, MiR-495-3p: forward: 5’-GC- USA). Cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modi- GGAAACAAACATGGTGCA-3’, reverse: fied Eagle’s Medium (DMEM; Gibco, Rockville, 5’-GTTGGCTCTGGTGCAGGGTCCGAGG- MD, USA) containing 10% fetal bovine serum TATTCGCACCAGAGCCAACAAGAAG-3’, U6: (FBS; Gibco, Rockville, MD, USA), 100 U/mL forward: 5’-CTCGCTTCGGCAGCACA-3’, re- penicillin and 100 μg/mL streptomycin in a 5% verse: 5’-AACGCTTCACGAATTTGCGT-3’. CO2 incubator at 37°C. Cell passage was conduct- ed using 1×tyrpsin + ethylenediaminetetraacetic Luciferase Assay acid (EDTA). Cells inoculated in a 24-well plate were co-transfected with miR-495-3p mimic/NC mim- Transfection ic and FAM83A-AS1-WT/FAM83A-AS1-MUT, Cells were cultured to 30-40% confluence respectively using Lipofectamine 3000. Then, in 6-well plates and transfected with plasmids they were lysed for determining the relative Lu- constructed by GenePharma (Shanghai, China), ciferase activity 48 h later. using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA). 48 hours later, the cells were collected for the following use. Statistical Analysis Statistical Product and Service Solutions Transwell Migration Assay (SPSS) 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) A total of 200 μL of suspension (5×105 cells/ was used for data analyses. Data were expressed mL) were inoculated in the upper transwell cham- as mean ± standard deviation (SD). The dif- ber (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) inserted in a ferences between groups were analyzed by the 24-well plate with 500 μL of medium containing t-test. Chi-square test was used for analyzing the 10% FBS in the bottom. After 48-h incubation, relationship between FAM83A-AS1 and clinical bottom cells reacted with 15-min methanol, 20- data of esophageal cancer patients. Besides, min crystal violet, and captured using a micro- Pearson correlation test was applied for evalu- 9409 G.-M. Huang, H.-L. Zang, Y.-X. Geng, Y.-H. Li ating the relationship between expression levels curves revealed that high level of FAM83A-AS1 of miR-495-3p and FAM83A-AS1 in esophageal was unfavorable to overall survival in esophageal cancer species. Finally, Kaplan-Meier curves cancer patients (Figure 1C). This suggests that were depicted for survival analysis, followed by FAM83A-AS1 may be a new biomarker in pre- Log-rank test. p<0.05 was considered as statisti- dicting the malignant development of esophageal cally significant. cancer. FAM83A-AS1 Stimulated Migratory Results Potential in Esophageal Cancer To explore the biological function of FA- FAM83A-AS1 Was Highly Expressed In M83A-AS1 in esophageal cancer, the knockdown Esophageal Cancer and overexpression models of FAM83A-AS1 in Compared with that in adjacent normal tis- OE19 and OE33 cells were constructed, respec- sues, FAM83A-AS1 was upregulated in esopha- tively (Figure 1D). Transwell assay showed that geal cancer tissues (Figure 1A). Similarly, it was the knockdown of FAM83A-AS1 reduced migra- highly expressed in esophageal cancer cell lines tory OE19 cells, and conversely, the overexpres- (Figure 1B). sion of FAM83A-AS1 elevated migratory OE33 cells (Figure 2A). Similarly, the knockdown of High Level of FAM83A-AS1 Was FAM83A-AS1 decreased wound closure percent- Unfavorable to Prognosis in age in OE19 cells, and overexpression of FA- Esophageal Cancer Patients M83A-AS1 yielded the opposite result in OE33 Clinical data of included esophageal cancer cells (Figure 2B). patients were collected. Based on the median lev- el of FAM83A-AS1, patients were assigned into FAM83A-AS1 Negatively Regulated high and low FAM83A-AS1 expression groups. MiR-495-3p As analyzed, FAM83A-AS1 level was positively Through prediction in miRDB (n=66), Tar- correlated with rates of lymphatic and distant getScan (n=53), and StarBase (n=103), miR- metastasis, while its level was unrelated to age, 495-3p was screened out to be the only miR- gender, and tumor staging in esophageal can- NA analyzed in three databases (Figure 3A). cer patients (Table I). In addition, Kaplan-Meier MiR-495-3p level was negatively regulated by Figure 1.
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