Noam Chomsky, New Horizons in the Study of Language and Mind, with a Forward By
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Markets Not Capitalism Explores the Gap Between Radically Freed Markets and the Capitalist-Controlled Markets That Prevail Today
individualist anarchism against bosses, inequality, corporate power, and structural poverty Edited by Gary Chartier & Charles W. Johnson Individualist anarchists believe in mutual exchange, not economic privilege. They believe in freed markets, not capitalism. They defend a distinctive response to the challenges of ending global capitalism and achieving social justice: eliminate the political privileges that prop up capitalists. Massive concentrations of wealth, rigid economic hierarchies, and unsustainable modes of production are not the results of the market form, but of markets deformed and rigged by a network of state-secured controls and privileges to the business class. Markets Not Capitalism explores the gap between radically freed markets and the capitalist-controlled markets that prevail today. It explains how liberating market exchange from state capitalist privilege can abolish structural poverty, help working people take control over the conditions of their labor, and redistribute wealth and social power. Featuring discussions of socialism, capitalism, markets, ownership, labor struggle, grassroots privatization, intellectual property, health care, racism, sexism, and environmental issues, this unique collection brings together classic essays by Cleyre, and such contemporary innovators as Kevin Carson and Roderick Long. It introduces an eye-opening approach to radical social thought, rooted equally in libertarian socialism and market anarchism. “We on the left need a good shake to get us thinking, and these arguments for market anarchism do the job in lively and thoughtful fashion.” – Alexander Cockburn, editor and publisher, Counterpunch “Anarchy is not chaos; nor is it violence. This rich and provocative gathering of essays by anarchists past and present imagines society unburdened by state, markets un-warped by capitalism. -
2.4 the Fourth World War: the EZLN Analysis of Neoliberalism
We Are from Before, Yes, but We Are New: Autonomy, Territory, and the Production of New Subjects of Self-government in Zapatismo by Mara Catherine Kaufman Department of Cultural Anthropology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Orin Starn, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Charles Piot, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Anne Allison ___________________________ Kathi Weeks ___________________________ Michael Hardt Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Cultural Anthropology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2010 ABSTRACT We Are from Before, Yes, but We Are New: Autonomy, Territory, and the Production of New Subjects of Self-government in Zapatismo by Mara Catherine Kaufman Department of Cultural Anthropology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Orin Starn, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Charles Piot, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Anne Allison ___________________________ Kathi Weeks ___________________________ Michael Hardt An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Cultural Anthropology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2010 Copyright by Mara Catherine Kaufman 2010 Abstract The 1994 Zapatista uprising in Chiapas, Mexico, created a rupture with a series of neoliberal policies implemented in Mexico and on a global scale over the last few decades of the 20th century. In a moment when alternatives to neoliberal global capitalism appeared to have disappeared from the world stage, the Zapatista Army for National Liberation (EZLN) initiated a movement and process that would have significance not only in Chiapas and for Mexico, but for many struggles and movements around the world that would come to identify with a kind of “alter-globalization” project. -
The Problem of Induction
The Problem of Induction Gilbert Harman Department of Philosophy, Princeton University Sanjeev R. Kulkarni Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University July 19, 2005 The Problem The problem of induction is sometimes motivated via a comparison between rules of induction and rules of deduction. Valid deductive rules are necessarily truth preserving, while inductive rules are not. So, for example, one valid deductive rule might be this: (D) From premises of the form “All F are G” and “a is F ,” the corresponding conclusion of the form “a is G” follows. The rule (D) is illustrated in the following depressing argument: (DA) All people are mortal. I am a person. So, I am mortal. The rule here is “valid” in the sense that there is no possible way in which premises satisfying the rule can be true without the corresponding conclusion also being true. A possible inductive rule might be this: (I) From premises of the form “Many many F s are known to be G,” “There are no known cases of F s that are not G,” and “a is F ,” the corresponding conclusion can be inferred of the form “a is G.” The rule (I) might be illustrated in the following “inductive argument.” (IA) Many many people are known to have been moral. There are no known cases of people who are not mortal. I am a person. So, I am mortal. 1 The rule (I) is not valid in the way that the deductive rule (D) is valid. The “premises” of the inductive inference (IA) could be true even though its “con- clusion” is not true. -
Judith Jarvis Thomson's Normativity
Judith Jarvis Thomson’s Normativity Gilbert Harman June 28, 2010 Normativity is a careful, rigorous account of the meanings of basic normative terms like good, virtue, correct, ought, should, and must. Along the way Thomson refutes almost everything other philosophers have said about these topics. It is a very important book.1 Since I am going first in this symposium, I am mainly going to summarize this excellent book. At the end, I will try to indicate briefly I think why it refutes the sort of theory I and others have previously favored. Good Thomson begins by discussing evaluations using the word good. She notes as many others have that good is always used as an attributive adjective. 1This book discusses meta-ethics. She also plans a companion work of normative theory. 1 Something may be a good K or good in a certain respect, but nothing is good period. Thomson goes on to argue this means that emotivism, expressivism, pre- scriptivism and related accounts of the meaning of good cannot be generally correct. Nor does it make sense to suppose that there is no objective test for whether something is a good K or good for such and such a purpose. She argues persuasively that there is such a property as being a good K if and only if K is a goodness fixing kind. So there is no such property as being a good pebble, good act, a good fact, a good state of affairs, a good possible world, and so on, unless what is meant is, for example, a good pebble to use as a paperweight, a morally good act, a state of affairs that is good for Jones, a possible world that is a good example in a certain discussion, and so on. -
No State Required? a Critical Review of the Polycentric Legal Order
No State Required? A Critical Review of the Polycentric Legal Order John K. Palchak* & Stanley T. Leung** TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ..................................... 290 II. THE Two VISIONS OF ANARCHY ........................ 295 III. RANDY BARNETT'S THE STRUCTURE OF LIBERTY ............ 305 A. Barnett's PhilosophicalJustifications: Human Nature and NaturalLaw ..................... 306 B. Barnett's Discussion of the Problem of Knowledge ....... 309 1. Types of Knowledge ............................ 309 2. Methods of Social Ordering ...................... 310 3. Discovering Justice-First-Order Problem of Knowledge ................................. 312 4. Communicating Justice-Second-Order Problem of Knowledge .......................... 313 5. Specifying Conventions-Third-Order Problem of Knowledge .......................... 313 C. Barnett's Discussion of the Problem of Interest ......... 316 1. Partiality Problem ............................. 316 2. Incentive Problems ............................. 317 3. Compliance Problems .......................... 317 D. Barnett's Discussion of the Problem of Power .......... 320 1. Fighting Crime Without Punishment ................ 320 2. Enforcement Abuse ............................ 321 E. Barnett's Solution: The Polycentric Legal Order ........ 322 IV. LAW, LEGITIMACY, AND SOCIAL WELFARE .................. 326 * J.D., University of Illinois College of Law; B.A., Penn State University. Special thanks to Tom Ginsburg for his encouragement and numerous suggestions. Thanks to Tom Ulen, Richard McAdams, John Kindt, Duane Stewart, and Mark Fabiani. Also thanks to Ed Crane and Tom Palmer of the Cato Institute, and to the contributors to the Cato scholarship fund, for providing an opportunity to attend the 2000 Cato Summer Seminar in Rancho Bernardo, California that was the genesis of this Article. Appreciation is also expressed to Jesse T. Mann, Dean of Westminster College for the use of research facilities in New Wilmington, Pennsylvania. **. J.D., M.D., MBA, University of Illinois; A.B., Columbia University. -
Understanding the Zapatista National Liberation Army
CULTURE AND THE STRUGGLE FOR CIVIL SOCIETY: UNDERSTANDING THE ZAPATISTA NATIONAL LIBERATION ARMY Chris Gilbreth B.A., Simon Fraser University, 1993 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Master of Arts in the Latin American Studies Programme O Chris Gilbreth 1997 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY December 1997 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. APPROVAL Name: Christopher Scott Gilbreth Degree: Master of Arts Title: Culture and the Struggle for Civil Society: Undertanding the Zapatista National Liberation Movement. Examining Committee: Chair: n Brohman "P"ssistadt Professor. Geography Department - Senior Supervisor Gerardo Otero Associate Professor of Sociology Sociology/Anthropology Department Marilyn Gates Associate Professor, Anthropology Sociology/Anthropology Deptartment External Examiner Gary Teeple Associate Professor, SoEiology Sociology/Anthropology Deptartment Date Avvroved: 7 SE~Zw%~,/793 .. 11 PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENSE I hereby grant to Simon Fraser Universi the right to lend my thesis, pro-ect or extended essay (the title o?' which is shown below) to users o2 the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single co ies on1 for such users or in response to a request from the lig rary o2 any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this work for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. It is understood that copying or publication of this work for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. -
The Oberlin Colloquium in Philosophy: Program History
The Oberlin Colloquium in Philosophy: Program History 1960 FIRST COLLOQUIUM Wilfrid Sellars, "On Looking at Something and Seeing it" Ronald Hepburn, "God and Ambiguity" Comments: Dennis O'Brien Kurt Baier, "Itching and Scratching" Comments: David Falk/Bruce Aune Annette Baier, "Motives" Comments: Jerome Schneewind 1961 SECOND COLLOQUIUM W.D. Falk, "Hegel, Hare and the Existential Malady" Richard Cartwright, "Propositions" Comments: Ruth Barcan Marcus D.A.T. Casking, "Avowals" Comments: Martin Lean Zeno Vendler, "Consequences, Effects and Results" Comments: William Dray/Sylvan Bromberger PUBLISHED: Analytical Philosophy, First Series, R.J. Butler (ed.), Oxford, Blackwell's, 1962. 1962 THIRD COLLOQUIUM C.J. Warnock, "Truth" Arthur Prior, "Some Exercises in Epistemic Logic" Newton Garver, "Criteria" Comments: Carl Ginet/Paul Ziff Hector-Neri Castenada, "The Private Language Argument" Comments: Vere Chappell/James Thomson John Searle, "Meaning and Speech Acts" Comments: Paul Benacerraf/Zeno Vendler PUBLISHED: Knowledge and Experience, C.D. Rollins (ed.), University of Pittsburgh Press, 1964. 1963 FOURTH COLLOQUIUM Michael Scriven, "Insanity" Frederick Will, "The Preferability of Probable Beliefs" Norman Malcolm, "Criteria" Comments: Peter Geach/George Pitcher Terrence Penelhum, "Pleasure and Falsity" Comments: William Kennick/Arnold Isenberg 1964 FIFTH COLLOQUIUM Stephen Korner, "Some Remarks on Deductivism" J.J.C. Smart, "Nonsense" Joel Feinberg, "Causing Voluntary Actions" Comments: Keith Donnellan/Keith Lehrer Nicholas Rescher, "Evaluative Metaphysics" Comments: Lewis W. Beck/Thomas E. Patton Herbert Hochberg, "Qualities" Comments: Richard Severens/J.M. Shorter PUBLISHED: Metaphysics and Explanation, W.H. Capitan and D.D. Merrill (eds.), University of Pittsburgh Press, 1966. 1965 SIXTH COLLOQUIUM Patrick Nowell-Smith, "Acts and Locutions" George Nakhnikian, "St. Anselm's Four Ontological Arguments" Hilary Putnam, "Psychological Predicates" Comments: Bruce Aune/U.T. -
Foucault and Chomsky on Human Nature, Power and Anarchism
Foucault and Chomsky on Human Nature, Power and Anarchism By Ana Smokroviü Submitted to Central European University Department of Gender Studies In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Critical Gender Studies Supervisor: Professor Anna Loutfi CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary 2012 CONTENTS CONTENTS ......................................................................................................................................... ii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................................ iii 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1 2. SITUATING THE CHOMSKY-FOUCAULT DEBATE .......................................................................... 5 2.1. Hobbes’s “Hostile Man”..................................................................................................... 5 2.2. Rousseau’s “Savage Man”.................................................................................................. 7 2.3. Schmitt’s “Open question” ............................................................................................... 11 2.4. Kropotkin and principle of “Solidarity” ............................................................................ 14 2.5. Sartre and “Existential humanism” ................................................................................... 17 2.6. Marxism and “Anti-humanism” -
Performing the Mexican Revolution in Neoliberal Times
ABSTRACT Since the time of the Mexican Revolution of 1910, images associated with this nation-defining event have been presented in an array of media and cultural productions. Within the past two decades these images have been re-imagined, re-coded and re/de- constructed in reaction to social and cultural changes associated with a crisis of political legitimation and the demise of hegemonic revolutionary ideology, as espoused by the long-ruling Party of the Institionalized Revolution (PRI), amid the generalized implementation of neoliberal policies in the county. My dissertation argues that the ascendance of neoliberalism, with the opening of Mexican economic and political systems, has resulted in changes in the socio-cultural work performed by the Revolution- Nation-Gender triad. This trinity, solidified in the post-Revolutionary national imaginary, weaves the three notions together such that as hegemonic discourses of Revolutionary nationalism enter in crisis, discourses of gender are also destabilized. The dissertation consists of three main sub-arguments. First, I argue that the discourse(s) surrounding Revolutionary heroes has been integral to the (re)definition of the Mexican nation and that analyzing recodings of this discourse through the example of Emiliano Zapata reveals a destabilization of hegemonic nationalism. These changes have allowed alternatives to surface both in Mexico and across the border as part of a recoded ii transnational Revolutionary nationalism. As cracks opened in the Revolutionary edifice allowing alternatives to emerge, they have also opened space for alternative gender discourses. I next argue that a close analysis of representations of masculine gender roles as manifested in a variety of cultural texts, specifically through Revolutionary icons Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata, reveals a crisis of the macho archetype in the contemporary Mexican nation. -
Donald Davidson ERNEST LEPORE and KIRK LUDWIG
Midwest Studies in Philosophy, XXVIII (2004) Donald Davidson ERNEST LEPORE AND KIRK LUDWIG avidson, Donald (Herbert) (b. 1917, d. 2003; American), Willis S. and Marion DSlusser Professor, University of California at Berkeley (1986–2003). Previ- ously Instructor then Professor in Philosophy at: Queens College New York (1947–1950), Stanford University, California (1950–1967), Princeton University (1967–1969), Rockefeller University, New York City (1970–1976), University of Chicago (1976–1981), University of California at Berkeley (1981–2003). John Locke Lecturer, University of Oxford (1970). One of the most important philosophers of the latter half of the twentieth century, Donald Davidson explored a wide range of fundamental topics in meta- physics, epistemology, ethics, and the philosophies of action, mind, and language. His impact on contemporary philosophy is second only to that of his teacher W. V. O. Quine, who, along with Alfred Tarski, exerted the greatest influence on him. Given the range of his contributions, his work emerges as surprisingly systematic, an expression and working out of a number of central guiding ideas. Among his most important contributions are 1. his defense of the common sense view that reasons, those beliefs and desires we cite in explaining our actions, are also causes of them [11], 2. his groundbreaking work in the theory of meaning, and his proposal, based on Tarski’s work on recursive truth definitions for formal languages, for how to formulate a compositional semantic theory for a natural language [29, 46, 47, 50, 51], 3. his development of the project of radical interpretation as a vehicle for investigating questions about meaning and the psychological attitudes involved in understanding action [7, 15, 42, 44, 48], 309 310 Ernest Lepore and Kirk Ludwig 4. -
Postmodern Philosophy and Market Anarchism: Allies Or Enemies?
Postmodern Philosophy and market Anarchism: Allies or Enemies? Daniel Pryor Center for a Stateless Society POSTMODERN PHILOSOPHY AND MARKET ANARCHISM: ALLIES OR ENEMIES? POSTMODERN SOLUTIONS TO MARKET ANARCHIST PROBLEMS by Daniel Pryor1 Proponents of market anarchism should strengthen the case for their doctrine by incorporating some aspects of postmodern philosophy into their arguments. However, certain tenets of postmodern philosophy should be excluded from this enterprise, since they are theoretically false and potentially damaging to market anarchist praxis. In order to advance this thesis, I will first define ‘market anarchism’ and ‘postmodern philosophy’. The term ‘market anarchism’ refers to a diverse tradition within political philosophy that traces its origins to individualist anarchists like Benjamin Tucker and the mutualism of Pierre-Joseph Proudhon. Market anarchists are united by the contention that “the legislative, adjudicative, and protective functions unjustly and inefficiently monopolized by the coercive State should be entirely turned over to the voluntary, consensual forces of market society” (Molinari Institute, 2002). However, as this essay will make clear, different strains of market anarchist thought propose divergent visions of a stateless market society, all of which have been subject to criticisms from outside the tradition, as well as more granular criticisms from within. These conceptions range from the ‘anarcho-capitalism’ of Murray Rothbard, Hans- Hermann Hoppe and Walter Block — “in which market relationships [are] little changed from business as usual and the end of state control was imagined as freeing business to do much 1 Daniel Pryor is a Fellow at the Center for a Stateless Society, holding a Bachelor’s degree in Politics, Philosophy and Economics (PPE) from Durham University, UK. -
Conversations with Durito: Stories of the Zapatistas and Neoliberalism
Conversations with Durito: Stories of the Zapatistas and Neoliberalism Subcomandante Marcos Edited and introduced by Acción Zapatista Editorial Collective Autonomedia This collection is anti-copyright 2005. Texts may be freely used for noncommercial purposes; the publisher, however, would like to be informed at: Autonomedia P. O. Box 568 Williamsburgh Station Brooklyn, NY 11211-0568 http://www.autonomedia.org email: [email protected] ISBN 1-57027-118-6 Book design & typesetting: Kernow Craig Thanks to Erika Biddle, Lea Johnson, Carla Verea Hernandez, Ben Meyers Printed in Canada All rights to illustrations in this collection reserved by the respective artists: Beatriz Aurora: Love and the Calendar (p. 215); Alonso Alvarez de Araya, Off the Record: La Realidad (p. 276); Erica Chappuis: The Cave of Desire (p. 57), The Story of Dreams (p. 147), The Story of the Bay Horse (p. 152), The Seashell and the Two People (p. 226), Forever Never (p. 233), Hour of the Little Ones part 1 (p. 236), Hour of the Little Ones part II (p. 249), Hour of the Little Ones part III (p. 255), Hour of the Little Ones part IV (p. 258); John Dolley: Story of Durito and Neoliberalism (p. 41), Durito II (p. 44), Durito Names Marcos Squire (p. 64), Durito III (p.71), On Bullfighting (p. 81), Durito V (p. 95), Durito's Return (p. 99), Durito VI (p. 104), Story of the Little Mouse (p. 117), Of Trees, Transgressors (p. 120), Story of the Hot Foot (p. 138), Durito to Conquer Europe (p. 160), Durito IX (p. 176), Magical Chocolate Bunnies (p.