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CDFG Natural Communities List
Department of Fish and Game Biogeographic Data Branch The Vegetation Classification and Mapping Program List of California Terrestrial Natural Communities Recognized by The California Natural Diversity Database September 2003 Edition Introduction: This document supersedes all other lists of terrestrial natural communities developed by the Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB). It is based on the classification put forth in “A Manual of California Vegetation” (Sawyer and Keeler-Wolf 1995 and upcoming new edition). However, it is structured to be compatible with previous CNDDB lists (e.g., Holland 1986). For those familiar with the Holland numerical coding system you will see a general similarity in the upper levels of the hierarchy. You will also see a greater detail at the lower levels of the hierarchy. The numbering system has been modified to incorporate this richer detail. Decimal points have been added to separate major groupings and two additional digits have been added to encompass the finest hierarchal detail. One of the objectives of the Manual of California Vegetation (MCV) was to apply a uniform hierarchical structure to the State’s vegetation types. Quantifiable classification rules were established to define the major floristic groups, called alliances and associations in the National Vegetation Classification (Grossman et al. 1998). In this document, the alliance level is denoted in the center triplet of the coding system and the associations in the right hand pair of numbers to the left of the final decimal. The numbers of the alliance in the center triplet attempt to denote relationships in floristic similarity. For example, the Chamise-Eastwood Manzanita alliance (37.106.00) is more closely related to the Chamise- Cupleaf Ceanothus alliance (37.105.00) than it is to the Chaparral Whitethorn alliance (37.205.00). -
Plants, and Its Surroundings Are Filled with Lovely and Historic Gardens and Parks, Each with Newspapers and Leaves
erIC• an • • IC urIS The Camp Springs Community Garden Project in Camp Springs, Maryland, has a motto that rings true for all community gardens, and in fact, all gardens in general: "Gardening is down to earth." There is something about kneeling in the rich brown earth, with your friends and neighbors and the sweet smells of the garden sur rounding you, that awakens the senses and brings an inner peace to the soul. Community gardeners of all ages reap both intangible and tangible rewards from their gardening projects, including a sense of community, an appreciation for the environment, horticultural therapy, nutritious and less expensive food ... and the list goes on. For more on community gardening, including how to obtain funding and enter contests, turn to page 14. Electric Steinmax Chipper-Shredder • Compare the value • Most powerful motor. Join Society members in San Francisco from August 13 to 17 for our 41st Annual 2.3hp on 110v. 1700 watts. • Chipper does 1'14" branches Meeting_ The theme for this exciting meeting-Beautiful and Bountiful: Horticulture's • Center blade shreds corn Legacy to the Future-certainly reflects the city in which it will be held. San Francisco stalks, prunings , old plants, and its surroundings are filled with lovely and historic gardens and parks, each with newspapers and leaves. • Bulk leaf shredding its own legacy. Pictured above is the conservatory in Golden Gate Park, whose Victo accessory. rian architecture was inspired by the royal greenhouses at England's Kew Gardens. Imported from England For more information on the Society's Annual Meeting, see the ad on page, 13. -
Historical Vegetation of Central Southwest Oregon, Based on GLO
HISTORICAL VEGETATION OF CENTRAL SOUTHWEST OREGON, BASED ON GLO SURVEY NOTES Final Report to USDI BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT Medford District October 31, 2011 By O. Eugene Hickman and John A. Christy Consulting Rangeland Ecologist Oregon Biodiversity Information Center Retired, USDA - NRCS Portland State University 61851 Dobbin Road PSU – INR, P.O. Box 751 Bend, Oregon 97702 Portland, Oregon 97207-0751 (541, 312-2512) (503, 725-9953) [email protected] [email protected] Suggested citation: Hickman, O. Eugene and John A. Christy. 2011. Historical Vegetation of Central Southwest Oregon Based on GLO Survey Notes. Final Report to USDI Bureau of Land Management. Medford District, Oregon. 124 pp. ______________________________________________________________________________ 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................................................... 5 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................................. 7 SW OREGON PRE-GLO SURVEY HISTORY ....................................................................................................................... 7 THE GENERAL LAND OFFICE, ITS FUNCTION AND HISTORY........................................................................................... -
Obdiplostemony: the Occurrence of a Transitional Stage Linking Robust Flower Configurations
Annals of Botany 117: 709–724, 2016 doi:10.1093/aob/mcw017, available online at www.aob.oxfordjournals.org VIEWPOINT: PART OF A SPECIAL ISSUE ON DEVELOPMENTAL ROBUSTNESS AND SPECIES DIVERSITY Obdiplostemony: the occurrence of a transitional stage linking robust flower configurations Louis Ronse De Craene1* and Kester Bull-Herenu~ 2,3,4 1Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK, 2Departamento de Ecologıa, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, 3 4 Santiago, Chile, Escuela de Pedagogıa en Biologıa y Ciencias, Universidad Central de Chile and Fundacion Flores, Ministro Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/aob/article/117/5/709/1742492 by guest on 24 December 2020 Carvajal 30, Santiago, Chile * For correspondence. E-mail [email protected] Received: 17 July 2015 Returned for revision: 1 September 2015 Accepted: 23 December 2015 Published electronically: 24 March 2016 Background and Aims Obdiplostemony has long been a controversial condition as it diverges from diploste- mony found among most core eudicot orders by the more external insertion of the alternisepalous stamens. In this paper we review the definition and occurrence of obdiplostemony, and analyse how the condition has impacted on floral diversification and species evolution. Key Results Obdiplostemony represents an amalgamation of at least five different floral developmental pathways, all of them leading to the external positioning of the alternisepalous stamen whorl within a two-whorled androe- cium. In secondary obdiplostemony the antesepalous stamens arise before the alternisepalous stamens. The position of alternisepalous stamens at maturity is more external due to subtle shifts of stamens linked to a weakening of the alternisepalous sector including stamen and petal (type I), alternisepalous stamens arising de facto externally of antesepalous stamens (type II) or alternisepalous stamens shifting outside due to the sterilization of antesepalous sta- mens (type III: Sapotaceae). -
Literaturverzeichnis
Literaturverzeichnis Abaimov, A.P., 2010: Geographical Distribution and Ackerly, D.D., 2009: Evolution, origin and age of Genetics of Siberian Larch Species. In Osawa, A., line ages in the Californian and Mediterranean flo- Zyryanova, O.A., Matsuura, Y., Kajimoto, T. & ras. Journal of Biogeography 36, 1221–1233. Wein, R.W. (eds.), Permafrost Ecosystems. Sibe- Acocks, J.P.H., 1988: Veld Types of South Africa. 3rd rian Larch Forests. Ecological Studies 209, 41–58. Edition. Botanical Research Institute, Pretoria, Abbadie, L., Gignoux, J., Le Roux, X. & Lepage, M. 146 pp. (eds.), 2006: Lamto. Structure, Functioning, and Adam, P., 1990: Saltmarsh Ecology. Cambridge Uni- Dynamics of a Savanna Ecosystem. Ecological Stu- versity Press. Cambridge, 461 pp. dies 179, 415 pp. Adam, P., 1994: Australian Rainforests. Oxford Bio- Abbott, R.J. & Brochmann, C., 2003: History and geography Series No. 6 (Oxford University Press), evolution of the arctic flora: in the footsteps of Eric 308 pp. Hultén. Molecular Ecology 12, 299–313. Adam, P., 1994: Saltmarsh and mangrove. In Groves, Abbott, R.J. & Comes, H.P., 2004: Evolution in the R.H. (ed.), Australian Vegetation. 2nd Edition. Arctic: a phylogeographic analysis of the circu- Cambridge University Press, Melbourne, pp. marctic plant Saxifraga oppositifolia (Purple Saxi- 395–435. frage). New Phytologist 161, 211–224. Adame, M.F., Neil, D., Wright, S.F. & Lovelock, C.E., Abbott, R.J., Chapman, H.M., Crawford, R.M.M. & 2010: Sedimentation within and among mangrove Forbes, D.G., 1995: Molecular diversity and deri- forests along a gradient of geomorphological set- vations of populations of Silene acaulis and Saxi- tings. -
Heteromeles Arbutifolia (Lindl.) M. Roemer NRCS CODE: Subfamily: Maloideae Family: Rosaceae (HEAR5) Photos: A
I. SPECIES Heteromeles arbutifolia (Lindl.) M. Roemer NRCS CODE: Subfamily: Maloideae Family: Rosaceae (HEAR5) photos: A. Montalvo Order: Rosales Subclass: Rosidae Class: Magnoliopsida Fruits (pomes) in late fall and winter. A. Subspecific taxa None recognized by Phipps (2012, 2016) in Jepson Manual or Jepson e-Flora. B. Synonyms Photinia arbutifolia (Ait.) Lindl.; Crataegus arbutifolia Ait. (McMinn 1939) Heteromeles (Lindl.) M. Roemer arbutifolia var. arbutifolia ; H. a. var. cerina (Jeps.) E. Murray; H. a. var. macrocarpa (Munz) Munz; H. salicifolia (C. Presl) Abrams (Phipps 2016) (but see I. F. Taxonomic issues). C. Common name toyon, California Christmas berry, California-holly (Painter 2016); Christmas berry (CalFlora 2016). D. Taxonomic relationships Phylogenetic analyses based on molecular and morphological data confirm thatPhotinia is the most closely related genus (Guo et al. 2011). Photinia differs in having 20 stamens, fused carpels, and stone cells in the testa as well as occurring in summer-wet environments (Phipps 1992). E. Related taxa in region None. There is only one species of Heteromeles. The closely related Photinia is primarily tropical (Meyer 2008) and not in California. Toyon's taxonomic stability may be in part related to its reproductive mode (Wells 1969). F. Taxonomic issues The three varieties of H. arbutifolia listed above in cell I. B. are currently recognized in the USDA PLANTS (2016) database. G. Other One of the most widely distributed California shrubs. Also widely planted and well-known for its bright red fruits in winter. McMinn (1939) noted it had been planted widely in parks and gardens since about 1914. From the Greek words 'heter' for different and 'malus' for apple (Munz 1974). -
Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants - Online Edition
Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants - Online edition Family Profile Elaeocarpaceae Family Description A family of 12 genera and about 635 species, widespread in tropical and warm temperate areas but not present in Africa; nine genera occur naturally in Australia. Genera Aceratium - A genus of about 20 species in Malesia, Australia and Vanuatu; five species occur naturally in Australia. Balgooy (1963, 1976). Elaeocarpus - A genus of about 350 species, widespread in tropical and warm temperate areas but not present in Africa; 33 species occur naturally in Australia. Coode (1984); Coode (2004); Cooper & Cooper (2004); Harden et al. (2014); PlantNET http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au [26/7/2016]. Peripentadenia - A genus of two species endemic to Australia. Coode (1987); Hyland & Coode (1982); Smith (1957). Sloanea - A genus of about 150 species in Asia, Malesia, Australia, New Caledonia and tropical America; four species occur naturally in Australia. Coode (1983), Coode (2004). References Balgooy, M.M.J. van (1963). Review of the Australian species of Aceratium. Blumea 12:71-77. Balgooy, M.M.J. van (1976). A note on Aceratium ferrugineum C.T. White (Elaeocarpaceae). Blumea 23:49-50. Coode, M.J.E. (1981). Elaeocarpaceae. In Henty, E.E. (Ed.) 'Handbooks of the flora of Papua New Guinea.' Vol. 2, (Melbourne University Press: Melbourne.), pp. 38-185. Coode, M.J.E. (1983). A conspectus of Sloanea (Elaeocarpaceae) in the Old World. Kew Bulletin 38:347-427. Coode, M.J.E. (1984). Elaeocarpus in Australia and New Zealand. Kew Bulletin 39:509-586. Coode, M.J.E. (1987). Crinodendron, Dubozetia and Peripentadenia, closely related in Elaeocarpaceae. -
THE FLORISTICS of the CALIFORNIA ISLANDS Peter H
THE FLORISTICS OF THE CALIFORNIA ISLANDS Peter H. Raven Stanford University The Southern California Islands, with their many endemic spe cies of plants and animals, have long attracted the attention of biologists. This archipelago consists of two groups of islands: the Northern Channel Islands and the Southern Channel Islands. The first group is composed of San Miguel, Santa Rosa, Santa Cruz, and Anacapa islands; the greatest water gap between these four is about 6 miles, and the distance of the nearest, Anacapa, from the mainland only about 13 miles. In the southern group there are also four islands: San Clemente, Santa Catalina, Santa Bar bara, and San Nicolas. These are much more widely scattered than the islands of the northern group; the shortest distance be tween them is the 21 miles separating the islands of San Clemente and Santa Catalina, and the nearest island to the mainland is Santa Catalina, some 20 miles off shore. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the complex floristics of the vascular plants found on this group of islands, and this will be done from three points of view. First will be considered the numbers of species of vascular plants found on each island, then the endemics of these islands, and finally the relationship between the island and mainland localities for these plants. By critically evaluating the accounts of Southern California island plants found in the published works of Eastwood (1941), Mill¬ spaugh and Nuttall (1923), Munz (1959), and Raven (1963), one can derive a reasonably accurate account of the plants of the area. -
Appendix E - Plants and Wildlife
Appendix E - Plants and Wildlife Blue Ridge NWR Plant Lists Table E-15. Blue Ridge NWR – Plants Scientific Name Common Name Family Abies concolor white fir Pinaceae Adenostoma fasciculatum chamise Rosaceae Amsinckia sp. fiddleneck Boraginaceae Arctostaphylos patula greenleaf manzanita Ericaceae Arctostaphylos viscida viscid manzanita Ericaceae Asclepias californica California milkweed Apocynaceae Asclepias fascicularis narrow-leaf milkweed Apocynaceae Bromus diandrus ripgut grass Poaceae Bromus hordeaceus soft chess Poaceae Bromus madritensis subsp. rubens red brome Poaceae Calocedrus decurrens California incense-cedar Cupressaceae Ceanothus leucodermis chaparral whitethorn Rhamnaceae Cercocarpus betuloides birch-leaved cercocarpus Rosaceae Chamaebatia foliolosa mountain misery Rosaceae Chlorogalum pomeridianum wavy-leaved soap-plant Agavaceae Cirsium sp. thistle Asteraceae Clarkia sp. clarkia Onagraceae Cynosurus echinatus bristly dogtail grass Poaceae Dendromecon rigida bush poppy Papaveraceae Dudleya sp. dudleya Crassulaceae Boraginaceae Eriodictyon californicum California yerba santa [Hydrophyllaceae] Eriogonum sp. wild buckwheat Polygonaceae Frangula californica subsp. cuspidata California coffee-berry Rhamnaceae Juncus sp. rush Juncaceae Lonicera sp. honeysuckle Caprifoliaceae Marah fabacea California man-root Cucurbitaceae Phrymaceae Mimulus viscidus viscid monkeyflower [Scrophulariaceae] Orobanche sp. broomrape Orobanchaceae Pinus lambertiana sugar pine Pinaceae Pinus ponderosa ponderosa pine Pinaceae Populus fremontii Fremont’s -
Draft Vegetation Communities of San Diego County
DRAFT VEGETATION COMMUNITIES OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY Based on “Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California” prepared by Robert F. Holland, Ph.D. for State of California, The Resources Agency, Department of Fish and Game (October 1986) Codes revised by Thomas Oberbauer (February 1996) Revised and expanded by Meghan Kelly (August 2006) Further revised and reorganized by Jeremy Buegge (March 2008) March 2008 Suggested citation: Oberbauer, Thomas, Meghan Kelly, and Jeremy Buegge. March 2008. Draft Vegetation Communities of San Diego County. Based on “Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California”, Robert F. Holland, Ph.D., October 1986. March 2008 Draft Vegetation Communities of San Diego County Introduction San Diego’s vegetation communities owe their diversity to the wide range of soil and climatic conditions found in the County. The County encompasses desert, mountainous and coastal conditions over a wide range of elevation, precipitation and temperature changes. These conditions provide niches for endemic species and a wide range of vegetation communities. San Diego County is home to over 200 plant and animal species that are federally listed as rare, endangered, or threatened. The preservation of this diversity of species and habitats is important for the health of ecosystem functions, and their economic and intrinsic values. In order to effectively classify the wide variety of vegetation communities found here, the framework developed by Robert Holland in 1986 has been added to and customized for San Diego County. To supplement the original Holland Code, additions were made by Thomas Oberbauer in 1996 to account for unique habitats found in San Diego and to account for artificial habitat features (i.e., 10,000 series). -
Patterns of Distribution of Malesian Vascular Plants
Malesian plant distributions 243 Patterns of distribution of Malesian vascular plants W J Baker1, M J E Coode, J Dransfield, S Dransfield, M M Harley, P Hoffmann and R J Johns The Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, UK 1Department of Botany, Plant Science Laboratories, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6AS, UK Key words: biogeography, phytogeography, palynology, SE Asia, Malesia, Palmae, Gramineae, Euphorbiaceae, Elaeocarpaceae, Antidesma, Elaeocarpus, Nypa, Spinizonocolpites Abstract analytical phase Biogeographical work con- cerned with the analytical phase has appeared A miscellaneous selection of Malesian plant distributions is increasingly in the systematic literature and it is presented, including examples from the Palmae, here that modern methods are most evident Gramineae, Euphorbiaceae, Elaeocarpaceae, and various fern genera Hypotheses of the tectonic evolution of the Previously, most classifications have been based area may be required to explain many of the observed pat- on intuition and overall similarity which, though terns that are described Two major distribution types are they may stand the test of time, are nevertheless identified repeatedly, the first displaying a strongly Sundaic subjective Despite the introduction of statistical bias and the second focusing on E Malesia Patterns involv- techniques which aimed to make similarity- ing New Guinea are complex as they tend to include a vari- able combination of other islands such as Sulawesi, Maluku, based or phenetic -
Living Memorial Pets & Humans Plant Guide
Plant Guide Thank you for purchasing a Living Memorial kit. The kit comprises a mixture of your loved ones cremated remains with a specially formulated natural product called RTN and a shrub, bush or tree. The plants have been selected by horticultural experts to be easy to grow and hardy so that you will have a beautiful living memorial to your loved one. The plants have been divided into two categories: Suitable for planting outdoors only Suitable for planting outdoors and also in pots Please select which plant you would like and place your order, quoting your order number, via email ([email protected]) or telephone (0115 8284822). The plant will then be delivered to you within 2 working days with instructions on how to plant. The following is a list of the plants available with your Living Memorial. Suitable for planting outdoors only Cherry Laurel, Prunus laurocerasus 'Otto Luyken' Provided in a 3l pot at approximately 40cm tall. This evergreen shrub grows to about 1m tall. It has white flowers which give way to red berries that in turn become glossy black. Italian Cypress, pair Supplied in a 14cm diameter pot at approximately 80cm tall.These evergreen conifers grow about 20cm per year. They are very easy to grow and very hardy. They will keep growing if planted out but will be limited in size if kept in a pot. Golden Cypress, Cupressus macrocarpa 'Goldcrest' Provided as a 80-100cm plant this beautiful evergreen tree has bright golden-yellow foliage which gives off a fresh, lemon scent when crushed or cut.