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Heteroptera: Belostomatidae) in Greece

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Ecologica Montenegrina 41: 56-61 (2021) This journal is available online at: www.biotaxa.org/em http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2021.41.8 Further distributional records of Lethocerus patruelis (Stål, 1854) (Heteroptera: Belostomatidae) in Greece LEONIDAS-ROMANOS DAVRANOGLOU1 & IOANNIS KARAOUZAS2* 1 Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, OX1 3SZ, UK. E-mail: [email protected] 2Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Anavyssos, 19013, Attica, Greece. * Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected] Received 24 March 2021 │ Accepted by V. Pešić: 6 April 2021 │ Published online 11 April 2021. Abstract Although the Indo-Eastern Mediterranean giant water bug Lethocerus patruelis (Stål, 1854) is Europe’s largest hemipteran and aquatic insect, its distribution in Greece has remained poorly understood. Only a handful of records exists from the Ionian Islands, Macedonia, Thrace, and isolated observations in Preveza (Epirus), Achaia (north-western Peloponnese) and the islands of Rhodes and Thasos. Using records from personal observations, biomonitoring data, online arthropod identification groups and museum collections, we expand the distribution knowledge of this species to Aetolia-Acarnania, Thessaly, southern Peloponnese, Samothraki, North Sporades and the Cyclades. We also include a large number of new localities in areas within its previously known range. Key words: Lethocerinae; Nepomorpha; true bugs; aquatic insects; social networks; biogeography. Introduction Belostomatidae are the most charismatic of the true water bugs (Nepomorpha), due to their large size (up to 120 mm) and their voracious predatory habits, feeding on a wide range of invertebrates, fish, turtles, and even birds (Matheson 1907; Ribeiro et al. 2018). The approximately 170 described species have a worldwide distribution, reaching their greatest diversity in the tropics (Schuh & Weirauch 2019). Europe’s sole belostomatid is Lethocerus patruelis (Stål, 1854), which in this continent is distributed in Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, the Republic of North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and European Turkey (Grozeva et al. 2013; Polhemus 1995; Protić 1998; Perez Goodwyn 2006; Fent et al. 2011; Dulčić, et al. 2015). L. patruelis was also mentioned as present in Romania and doubtful in Hungary in Polhemus (1995), as well as present in the Romanian-Hungarian border in the map of Grozeva et al. (2013), without any associated citation. However, these records need verification, as subsequent checklists in these countries have not included any belostomatid (e.g. Boda et al. 2015). If L. patruelis indeed does occur in Romania, it will likely be found in the Danube Delta, or ports on the Romanian Black Sea coast, where they might be attracted by boat/ship lights. This species was recently recorded in Italy, likely reflecting a recent westward expansion (either natural or anthropogenic) (Bacchi & Rizzotti Vlach 2005; Cianferoni & Nardi 2013; Lo Ecologica Montenegrina, 41, 2021, 56-61 DAVRANOGLOU & KARAOUZAS Parrino 2019). In Greece, despite its large size and high dispersal capabilities, sightings of L. patruelis are scarce. Its distribution is largely unknown, comprising scattered, isolated records in the Ionian islands, Macedonia, Thrace, Epirus, north-western Peloponnese and the island of Rhodes [distribution summarized in Corsini-Foka et al. (2019), but also includes the records of Zimmermann (1982), which were not included in the latter study]. The present work represents the most comprehensive study on the distribution of L. patruelis in Greece. Using records from personal observations, biomonitoring data, online arthropod identification groups and museum collections, we significantly expand the distribution knowledge of this species with new locations across the country (Aetolia-Acarnania, Thessaly, southern Peloponnese, Samothraki, North Sporades and the Cyclades), and we provide numerous records from its hitherto known range. Material and Methods Records from personal observations, museum collections, from the biomonitoring database of the Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR) and from photograph-based records uploaded by citizens on social media groups and on arthropod identification websites were included. Given that L. patruelis is the only belostomatid species found in Europe and possesses an unmistakable morphology, we are confident that our social media photograph-based identifications are correct. A very similar species is L. cordofanus Mayr, 1853, and can be separated by morphological characters that are hard to see in most photographs. However, this species is distributed primarily in central tropical Africa (Polhemus 1995), (with southernmost record in South Africa) reaching the Middle-East through the Nile River basin, with the northernmost record being in Israel (Novoselsky et al. 2018). We therefore doubt that any of the records presented here could represent this species; however further research is needed to exclude this possibility. Acronyms: Specimen depositories HCMR – Hellenic Centre for Marine Research NMPC – National Museum of Prague, Czech Republic Websites IFG – Identifications (Αναγνωρίσεις) Facebook Group (https://www.facebook.com/groups/330623170293210) IGC – Insects of Greece and Cyprus (https://www.facebook.com/groups/708035362603739) IN – iNaturalist (https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/541422-Lethocerus-patruelis) Results New Records. Aetolia-Acarnania: Acheloos river valley, between Lake Ozeros and Stratos Dam, remains of L. patruelis in pellets of black kites [Milvus migrans (Boddaert, 1783)], II.2017, (Alivizatos pers. comm.); Agrinio, city outskirts, 23.V.2016 (IFG); Messolonghi lagoon, live specimen, 14.X.2016 (IFG). Central Greece: Lamia city centre, central square, live specimen captured by local residents, 6.X.2018 (IFG); Phthiotis, Karavomylos beach, 17.VI.2013 (IFG); Phthiotis, Parnassos Mt, 6 km north of Amfikleia, old camping area, 820 m. a.s.l., 24.IX.2014 (IFG); North Sporades islands: Skiathos, Koukounaries beach, dead specimen washed ashore, VI-VIII.2020 (Zogaris 2013); Skyros, 16.IX.2018 (IGC); Spercheios Delta, several live specimens eaten by white storks [Ciconia ciconia (Linnaeus, 1758)], remains found in their pellets, date uncertain, beginning of 2000 (Alivizatos pers. comm.). Epirus: Arta, live specimen collected in tube by local resident, 21.IX.2019 (IGC). Ionian Islands: Cephalonia, Argostoli seaside town, live specimen at house, 22.VI.2018 (IGC); Fiscardo seaside town, live specimen, 22.VIII.2020 (IN: Psomopoulou 2020); Kerkyra (Corfu): Kerkyra town, Kanoni area, near the airport, under street light, 39°36' N, 19°36' E, 10 m.a.s.l., 13.X.2018 (Karaouzas pers. obs.) Macedonia: Platamonas, near Platamonas beach, 23.XI.2020, (Efimeris Dimoprasion & Plistiriasmon 2020); Katerini: Katerini city centre: live specimen in backyard, 8.IX.2014 (IFG); live specimen at street light, 23.IX.2019 (IFG); Paralia Katerinis beach, live specimen walking at night 5.VIII.2018 (IFG); farmhouse in outskirts of Katerini, live specimen, 21.VII.2020 (IGC); Kavala: Kavala airport, live specimen walking on ground, 10.V.2014 (IFG); Kavala city centre, inside Ecologica Montenegrina, 41, 2021, 56-61 57 NEW RECORDS OF LETHOCERUS PATRUELIS FROM GREECE swimming pool, 27.VII.2020 (IGC); Kavala (unspecified location), live specimen walking on ground, 29.IX.2016 (IFG); Nea Peramos beach, live specimen, 18.X.2018 (IFG); Palio seaside village, live specimen walking on grass at night, 17.VIII.2019 (IGC); Zevgolatio, Strymonas River, 41°05´30.36’’ N, 23°17´34.90’’E, 22m, 24.IX.2015 (HCMR); Kerkini Lake, 1 live specimen caught in bird net, V.2016 (Alivizatos pers. comm.); Serres: Strymoniko village square, many specimens attracted to street lights, IX.2012 (IFG); Thessaloniki: Akti Salonikiou beach, Agios Nikolaos, live specimen on beach, 7.VI.2019 (IN: Novakova 2019); Angelochori lagoon, dead specimen, 21.XI.2016 (IFG); campus of Aristotle University, attracted to street light, 18.V.2016 (IGC); Epanomi beach, two specimens swimming at sea surface, VI. 2017 (IGC); Loutra Thermis, dead specimen, 2.X.2015 (IFG); Melissochori, Agias Praskevis, dead specimen, 2.X.2020 (IN: de Jager 2020); Nea Paralia Thessalonikis, 0 m. a.s.l., walking on pavement at night,19.IX.2018 (IGC); Nea Vrasna, dead specimen, 22.VII.2015 (IFG); Sochos, attracted to house light at night, 15.X.2020 (IFG); Thessaloniki, 1968, Arch. A. & Novák, P. legs., Kment det. (NMPC); Veria, city centre, Elias square, attracted to street light, 17.VIII.2017 (IGC). Peloponnese: Gythio, live specimen, 25.VIII.2019; Kalamata, city centre, attracted to street light, 37°2 '36.78"N, 22° 6' 46.86"E, 25 m. a.s.l., VII.2019 (IGC); Mt. Taygetos, Laconia, live specimen, 17.IX.2019 (IGC); North Aegean: Limnos Island, Kaspakas, 08.XI.2018 (Limnosfm100 2018); South Aegean (Cyclades): Amorgos island, dead specimen, 14.X.2018 (IN: Gavina 2018). Thessaly: Larissa, city centre, attracted to street light, 23.V.2017 (IFG). Thrace: Komotini, city centre, 21.VI.2020 (Xronos 2020); Rodopi, Xilagani, outside village church, 19.X.2018 (Tanea 2018); Samothraki Island, Vatos, 40°23’N, 25°36'E, 11 m a.s.l., dead specimen, XI.2012 (Skoulikidis pers. comm.); Evros, Lykofos, Lyra river, tributary of Evros River, 2 live specimens, IX.2015 (Zogaris pers. comm.); Kipoi village, at the Greek-Turkish border, live specimen walking on road, 19.VIII.2019 (IFG). Unconfirmed records. Due to its large size and
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    The Rise and Fall of the 5/42 Regiment of Evzones: A Study on National Resistance and Civil War in Greece 1941-1944 ARGYRIOS MAMARELIS Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy The European Institute London School of Economics and Political Science 2003 i UMI Number: U613346 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U613346 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 9995 / 0/ -hoZ2 d X Abstract This thesis addresses a neglected dimension of Greece under German and Italian occupation and on the eve of civil war. Its contribution to the historiography of the period stems from the fact that it constitutes the first academic study of the third largest resistance organisation in Greece, the 5/42 regiment of evzones. The study of this national resistance organisation can thus extend our knowledge of the Greek resistance effort, the political relations between the main resistance groups, the conditions that led to the civil war and the domestic relevance of British policies.
  • Thessaloniki

    Thessaloniki

    Thessaloniki Photo: joaoa Byzantine churches, Roman constructions, Muslim buildings, modern architecture, intensive nightlife and stunning beaches - this is the essence of Thessaloniki. Being the second largest city in Greece, Thessaloniki combines more than 2,300 years of history with every facility and excitement that a modern European city can offer a visitor. Tilemahos Top 5 The White Tower The White Tower is a widely known symbol of the city and a point of reference for locals and visitors. It stands next to the s... Ladadika Quarter The area from Koudouriotou to Diamanti streets and from Hiou to Lemnou streets is known as Ladadika. Here you can find many ba... Aristotelous Square Photo: Tilemahos This is the most impressive square in Thessaloniki. It features buildings with great architecture inspired by European and col... Saint Dimitrios Church The church of the patron saint of the town is a must see in Thessaloniki. The first church of Saint Dimitrios was built in 313... Galerius Arch (Kamara) In addition to The Rotonda, this is one of the two most characteristic monuments in town. Galerius arch is situated near the e... Photo: Dave Proffer Updated 15 July 2014 Destination: Thessaloniki Publishing date: 2014-07-15 THE CITY ArrivalGuides goes ArrivalTV! Photo: Tilemahos Thessaloniki is the capital of the region Central Macedonia and it was rst established in 316 BC by Kassandros and named after his wife, Thessalonike, half-sister of Alexander the Great. The name Thessaloniki means "Thessalian Victory". It was the second most important city of the Byzantine Empire, next to Constantinople. Thessaloniki is a town with rich history and an exciting present.
  • GIANT WATER BUG Class Order Family Genus Species Insecta Hemiptera Belostomatidae Lethocerus Americanus

    GIANT WATER BUG Class Order Family Genus Species Insecta Hemiptera Belostomatidae Lethocerus Americanus

    GIANT WATER BUG Class Order Family Genus Species Insecta Hemiptera Belostomatidae Lethocerus americanus Range: Northern U.S. and Canada, all continents except Antarctica Habitat: Clear, freshwater streams and ponds, preferring those with aquatic vegetation. Niche: Aquatic, carnivorous Diet: Wild: larvae - small aquatic invertebrates, adults – insects and other aquatic invertebrates, vertebrates such as tadpoles, salamanders and small fish. Zoo: crickets Special Adaptations: Giant water bugs are ambush hunters, they grasp and hold prey with their powerful forelegs, then thrust their piercing, sucking mouthparts into their prey. Females lay the eggs on emergent vegetation high enough above the waterline that the eggs will not be permanently submerged. The male will then guard the eggs from predators and periodically bring water to the eggs to prevent their desiccation. They have raptorial forelegs that are used to grasp and hold prey as they thrust their sucking mouthparts into the prey. They swim with their flattened hind legs. Incomplete metamorphosis. Other: Largest of the true bugs, their alternate names include “toe biter” because they can deliver a nasty bite, and electric light bug because they are attracted to lights. They spend most of the lives under water and are capable of flight. They are fierce predators and will often lie motionless at the bottom of a body of water where they wait for prey. Their bite is considered one of the most painful that can be inflicted by any insect. ▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼▲▼ WHITE-EYED ASSASSIN BUG Class Order Family Genus Species Insecta Hemiptera Reduviidae Platymeris biguttata Range: Drier regions of south Africa, west Africa Habitat: Field and scrubland, grasslands & savannas Niche: Carnivorous, nocturnal Diet: Wild: cockroaches, crickets, flies, darkling beetles and caterpillars and occasional vertebrate blood Zoo: Special Adaptations: Assassin bugs have piercing-sucking mouthparts used to impale prey or enemies and inject venom.
  • Development of an Index of Biotic Integrity for Macroinvertebrates in Freshwater Low Gradient Wadeable Streams in Massachusetts

    Development of an Index of Biotic Integrity for Macroinvertebrates in Freshwater Low Gradient Wadeable Streams in Massachusetts

    Development of an Index of Biotic Integrity for Macroinvertebrates in Freshwater Low Gradient Wadeable Streams in Massachusetts FINAL REPORT Prepared for: Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection James Meek, Work Assignment Manager Prepared by: Ben Jessup, Ben Block, and Jen Stamp Tetra Tech 73 Main Street, Room 38, Montpelier, VT 05602 April 7, 2021 Macroinvertebrate Low Gradient IBI April 7, 2021 Executive Summary The Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MassDEP) is responsible for sampling and assessing Massachusetts’s surface water quality pursuant to the Clean Water Act (CWA) Sections 305(b), 303(d), and 314. The Massachusetts Surface Water Quality Standards (SWQS) (314 CMR 4.00; MassDEP 2013) has narrative biological criteria that define biological integrity as “the capability of supporting and maintaining a balanced, integrated, adaptive community of organisms having species composition, diversity, and functional organization comparable to that of the natural habitat of the region.” Waters supporting Aquatic Life Use should be suitable for sustaining “a native, naturally diverse, community of aquatic flora and fauna” that also support their “reproduction, migration, growth and other critical functions” (MassDEP 2013). To assess the biological integrity of its freshwater, perennial, wadeable streams, MassDEP has been collecting macroinvertebrates since the 1980s, focusing primarily on streams with fast currents and rocky substrate. Recently, Indices of Biotic Integrity (IBIs) for macroinvertebrate assemblages in riffle habitats were calibrated for all but the southeastern portion of Massachusetts (Narragansett/Bristol Lowlands, Cape Cod, and the Islands) (Jessup and Stamp 2020). IBIs are numeric representations of biological conditions based on the combined signals of several different assemblage measurements (Karr 1981).