The Crustacean Society Mid-Year Meeting 2019
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THE CRUSTACEAN SOCIETY MID-YEAR MEETING 2019 ABSTRACT BOOKLET Table of Contents PLENARY LECTURES ........................................................................................................... 1 ORAL PRESENTATIONS ...................................................................................................... 7 SYMPOSIUM 1: Frontiers in Crustacean Biology: Asian Perspectives ................................ 43 SYMPOSIUM 2: Recent Advances in Caridean Systematics ............................................... 53 SYMPOSIUM 3: Evolution and Ecology of Parasitic and Symbiotic Crustaceans ................ 59 SYMPOSIUM 4: Biology of Freshwater Crayfish ................................................................ 69 SYMPOSIUM 5: Deep-sea Biodiversity: A Crustacean Perspective .................................... 77 SYMPOSIUM 6: Comparative Endocrinology and Genomics in Arthropods ....................... 87 SYMPOSIUM 7: Fossil and Modern Clam Shrimp .............................................................. 97 SYMPOSIUM 8: Aquaculture Biotechnology of Crabs ..................................................... 108 POSTER PRESENTATIONS ............................................................................................... 114 PLENARY LECTURES PL1 Effects of temperature variations on reproduction: Transduction of physiological stress through species interactions between two porcelain crabs B. TSUKIMURA1, ALEX GUNDERSON2, JONATHON STILLMAN3 1. California State University, Fresno, USA 2. Tulane University, USA 3. San Francisco State University, USA Abstract Microclimatic variation has emerged as an important driver of many ecological and evolutionary processes. We measured fine-scale thermal variation in a common, species-rich, but rarely studied habitat with respect to temperature: the airspaces under rocks on intertidal zone boulder shores. Effects of thermal variation were investigated using physiological, behavioral, and demographic data on the porcelain crab Petrolisthes cinctipes. Demographic measurements showed clear body size trends, with large crabs underrepresented in the high intertidal zone. We calculated size-dependent and temperature-dependent aerobic metabolism for P. cinctipes in the intertidal zone based on our observed temperature distributions and found that metabolic expenditure for small crabs is similar between the high and low intertidal zones, but that large crabs should expend less energy in the high intertidal zone due to depressed aerobic metabolism in air. We also measured size-dependent heat tolerance and behavioral heat avoidance and found that large crabs are more heat sensitive. Thermal stress may force redistribution into cooler environments, which may threaten the fitness of its congener, P. manimaculus, through decreased reproductive output, measured by ELISA. Increased densities and thermal stress increased vitellin reactive material in P. manimaculus. These data suggest that the relocation of P. cinctipes into the lower intertidal can cause interspecific species interactions that are stressful for P. manimaculus at high densities, leading to resorption of oocytes. Interactions between fine-scale temperature variation and size-dependent thermal biology can have important consequences for the ecology of species, and is likely to influence how populations respond to changing conditions. 1 PL2 “Omics” analyses overcome the bottleneck in barnacle larval settlement study PEI-YUAN QIAN1, YUE HIM WONG 2 1. Department of Ocean Science and Division of Life Science, HKUST, HONG KONG SAR 2. Institute of Advanced Studies, Shenzhen University, Shen Zhen, CHINA Abstract Barnacle is the only sessile group among Crustacea. The development of the cyprid larvae is one of the major differences that distinguishes barnacles from other crustacean groups. At this larval stage, cyprids search for a suitable place to attach and the site of permanent attachment directly determines the fate of the post-attachment stages. Since 1995, our group has been focusing on understanding the mechanisms underlying the larval settlement process of barnacle cyprids. To overcome the limitations of conventional molecular approach, we applied high throughput “omics” approaches to develop in-house transcriptome and proteomic databases for different larval stages of the acorn barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite. The “omics” approaches have greatly advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cyprid larval settlement, especially the crucial genes directly involved in the cementation process and the signal transduction pathways involves in regulating the settlement process. Here, we would like to provide an overview of our findings on the molecular mechanisms underlying the larval settlement, which demonstrates how “omics” approaches could assist the study of barnacle attachment cue, cementation and shell formation. 2 PL3 Systema Brachyurorum: 10 years of seismic changes and what more surprises can be expected PETER K. L. NG1 1. Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, Singapore 117377, SINGAPORE Abstract When Danièle Guinot, Peter Davie and I published Systema Brachyurorum in 2008, it was with the full knowledge that it was a provisional working document. We stated emphatically then that it must be regarded as a “work in progress” and we expected major changes in the years ahead. The brachyuran research community responded by using the catalogue. They analysed it, tested it, and developed new hypotheses to replace defunct ones. In the process, many mistakes were found. Anomalies were detected and most were eventually solved. Classifications used proved imprecise, incorrect or just outright wrong. All these scrutiny has been beneficial. When the list was published, we established the following statistics: 38 recognised superfamilies, 93 valid families, 1271 valid genera, 393 synonymised genera, 6793 recognised species and 1907 synonymised species. The tumultuous decade of change that followed changed the numbers substantially – the same statistics now stand at: 39 recognised superfamilies, 100 valid families, 1469 valid genera, 421 synonymised genera, 7532 recognised species and 2104 synonymised species. The number of genera and species have increased by 16% and 11%, respectively. This is a staggering increase in just 10 years - over a taxonomic history that spans 260 years! The new catalogue which we hope to publish in 2019 will be a very different document from the 2008 one. It will be a much better book. Even so, the new Systema Brachyurorum will continue to evolve. The new ideas we already know about and/or upcoming research developments demonstrate will change the classification even more. Exciting times ahead. 3 PL4 Heroes or villains? The role of crustaceans in biogeochemical cycles LEE, S.Y.1 1. Simon FS Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, and Earth System Science Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HONG KONG SAR Abstract Feeding and bioturbation activities of crustaceans not only shape the physical habitat structure, but also regulate important biogeochemical processes in their diverse range of habitats. Many terrestrial and intertidal crustaceans act as initial processors of low-quality vascular plant production, through enzymes produced endogenously or by symbiotic microbes. This adaptation connects the high productivity of vascular plants to secondary production at a rate far exceeding that via microbial decomposition. While the carbon requirement may be adequately met, it is intriguing how the nitrogen needs may be satisfied by this low-quality food. Deposit-feeding crustaceans process large volumes of sediment through their feeding activities, driving horizontal movement of sediments and associated materials (e.g. organic matter, pollutants). Bioturbation resulting from burrow construction and burying also drives vertical movement of sediment and materials. Burrows oxygenate anoxic sediments by substantially increasing the surface area and depth to which oxygen penetrates in otherwise compact substrates, also serving as potential conduits through which toxins and other biogeochemical species in the bulk anoxic sediment may be extracted and exported. This process may influence habitat productivity and explain the poorly understood fate of inorganic carbon (DIC and carbon greenhouse gases) in productive coastal wetlands such as mangrove forests. Some crustaceans even perform these regulating roles in extreme environments such as subterranean caves and hydrothermal vents. However, the exact role of crustaceans in modulating biogeochemical processes changes according to habitat type and feeding/bioturbation habits. Their value to the biotic community including humans also depends on the end point/ ecological service of interest. 4 PL5 Post-embryonic growth and development in hemianamorphic arthropods MELANIE J. HOPKINS1 1. Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, USA Abstract The final segmental composition of the body in many arthropods was attained during post- embryonic ontogeny through a series of molts. Hemianamorphic arthropods are characterized by undergoing a phase of molts during which new segments were added to the body followed by a phase during which molting continued without further increase in the number of body segments. Arthropods with this mode of segmentation occur across the phylum, and include some crustaceans but also myriapods and extinct