Communitarianism & Conservatism
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Spatial Practices of Icarian Communism
Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 2008-03-25 Spatial Practices of Icarian Communism John Derek McCorquindale Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the French and Francophone Language and Literature Commons, and the Italian Language and Literature Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation McCorquindale, John Derek, "Spatial Practices of Icarian Communism" (2008). Theses and Dissertations. 1364. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1364 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. A SPATIAL HISTORY OF ICARIAN COMMUNISM by John Derek McCorquindale A thesis submitted to the faculty of Brigham Young University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of French & Italian Brigham Young University April 2008 ABSTRACT A SPATIAL HISTORY OF ICARIAN COMMUNISM John Derek McCorquindale Department of French and Italian Master of Arts Prior to the 1848 Revolution in France, a democrat and communist named Étienne Cabet organized one of the largest worker’s movements in Europe. Called “Icarians,” members of this party ascribed to the social philosophy and utopian vision outlined in Cabet’s 1840 novel, Voyage en Icarie , written while in exile. This thesis analyzes the conception of space developed in Cabet’s book, and tracks the group’s actual spatial practice over the next seventeen years. During this period, thousands of Icarians led by Cabet attempted to establish an actual colony in the wilderness of the United States. -
A Political Companion to Henry David Thoreau
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Literature in English, North America English Language and Literature 6-11-2009 A Political Companion to Henry David Thoreau Jack Turner University of Washington Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Thanks to the University of Kentucky Libraries and the University Press of Kentucky, this book is freely available to current faculty, students, and staff at the University of Kentucky. Find other University of Kentucky Books at uknowledge.uky.edu/upk. For more information, please contact UKnowledge at [email protected]. Recommended Citation Turner, Jack, "A Political Companion to Henry David Thoreau" (2009). Literature in English, North America. 70. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_english_language_and_literature_north_america/70 A Political Companion to Henr y David Thoreau POLITIcaL COMpaNIONS TO GREat AMERIcaN AUthORS Series Editor: Patrick J. Deneen, Georgetown University The Political Companions to Great American Authors series illuminates the complex political thought of the nation’s most celebrated writers from the founding era to the present. The goals of the series are to demonstrate how American political thought is understood and represented by great Ameri- can writers and to describe how our polity’s understanding of fundamental principles such as democracy, equality, freedom, toleration, and fraternity has been influenced by these canonical authors. The series features a broad spectrum of political theorists, philoso- phers, and literary critics and scholars whose work examines classic authors and seeks to explain their continuing influence on American political, social, intellectual, and cultural life. This series reappraises esteemed American authors and evaluates their writings as lasting works of art that continue to inform and guide the American democratic experiment. -
The Communitarian Critique of Liberalism Author(S): Michael Walzer Reviewed Work(S): Source: Political Theory, Vol
The Communitarian Critique of Liberalism Author(s): Michael Walzer Reviewed work(s): Source: Political Theory, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Feb., 1990), pp. 6-23 Published by: Sage Publications, Inc. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/191477 . Accessed: 24/08/2012 12:14 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Sage Publications, Inc. is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Political Theory. http://www.jstor.org THE COMMUNITARIAN CRITIQUE OF LIBERALISM MICHAEL WALZER Institutefor A dvanced Study 1. Intellectualfashions are notoriously short-lived, very much like fashions in popularmusic, art, or dress.But thereare certainfashions that seem regularlyto reappear. Like pleated trousers or short skirts, they are inconstant featuresof a largerand more steadily prevailing phenomenon - in this case, a certainway of dressing. They have brief but recurrent lives; we knowtheir transienceand excepttheir return. Needless to say,there is no afterlifein whichtrousers will be permanentlypleated or skirtsforever short. Recur- renceis all. Althoughit operatesat a muchhigher level (an infinitelyhigher level?) of culturalsignificance, the communitarian critique of liberalismis likethe pleatingof trousers:transient but certainto return.It is a consistently intermittentfeature of liberalpolitics and social organization.No liberal successwill make it permanently unattractive. -
Filósofos O Viajeros: El Pensamiento Como Extravío
Astrolabio. Revista internacional de filosofía Año 2009. Núm. 8. ISSN 1699-7549. 16-32 pp. Towards a Reconciliation of Public and Private Autonomy in Thoreau’s ‘Hybrid’ Politics Antonio Casado da Rocha1 Resumen: Tras una revisión bibliográfica, el artículo proporciona una presentación de la filosofía política de Henry D. Thoreau, enfatizando en su obra un concepto de autodeterminación cívica que Habermas descompone en una autonomía pública y otra privada. Sostengo que Thoreau no era un anarquista antisocial, ni tampoco un mero liberal individualista, sino que su liberalismo presenta elementos propios de la teoría democrática e incluso del comunitarismo político. Finalmente, identifico y describo una tensión entre esos temas liberales y democráticos, tanto en la obra de Thoreau como en la vida política de las sociedades occidentales, mostrando así la relevancia de este autor. Palabras clave: Filosofía política, democracia, liberalismo, literatura norteamericana del siglo XIX Abstract: After a literature review, this paper provides an overview of Henry D. Thoreau’s political philosophy, with emphasis on the concept of civil self-determination, which Habermas sees as comprised of both private and public autonomy, and which is present in Thoreau’s own work. I argue that he was not an anti-social anarchist, or even a pure liberal individualist, but that along with the main liberal themes of his thought there is also a democratic, even communitarian strand. Finally, I identify and describe a tension between democratic and liberal themes in both his work and contemporary Western politics, thus highlighting Thoreau’s relevance. Key-words: Political philosophy, democracy, liberalism, 19th century North American literature According to Stanley Cavell (2005, pp. -
The Imaginative Tension in Henry David Thoreau's Political Thought
THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA Arcadian Exile: The Imaginative Tension in Henry David Thoreau’s Political Thought A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Faculty of the Department of Politics School of Arts and Sciences of the Catholic University of America In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree Doctor of Philosophy © Copyright All Rights Reserved By Joshua James Bowman Washington, D.C. 2016 Arcadian Exile: The Imaginative Tension in Henry David Thoreau’s Political Thought Joshua James Bowman, Ph.D. Director: Claes G. Ryn, Ph.D. Henry David Thoreau‘s writings have achieved a unique status in the history of American literature. His ideas influenced the likes of Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr., and play a significant role in American environmentalism. Despite this influence his larger political vision is often used for purposes he knew nothing about or could not have anticipated. The purpose of this dissertation is to analyze Thoreau’s work and legacy by elucidating a key tension within Thoreau's imagination. Instead of placing Thoreau in a pre-conceived category or worldview, the focus on imagination allows a more incisive reflection on moral and spiritual questions and makes possible a deeper investigation of Thoreau’s sense of reality. Drawing primarily on the work of Claes Ryn, imagination is here conceived as a form of consciousness that is creative and constitutive of our most basic sense of reality. The imagination both shapes and is shaped by will/desire and is capable of a broad and qualitatively diverse range of intuition which varies depending on one’s orientation of will. -
Bringing Liberalism and Communitarianism Closer
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Master's Theses Graduate College 4-2001 Bringing Liberalism and Communitarianism Closer Paul Frazier Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses Part of the Philosophy Commons Recommended Citation Frazier, Paul, "Bringing Liberalism and Communitarianism Closer" (2001). Master's Theses. 5022. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses/5022 This Masters Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BRINGING LIBERALISMAND COMMUNITARIANISM CLOSER by Paul Frazier A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Department of Philosophy Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan April2001 Copyright by Paul Frazier 2001 BRINGINGLIBERALISM AND COMMUNIT ARIANISM CLOSER Paul Frazier, M.A. Western Michigan University, 2001 The question that divides liberalism and communitarianism is: should the state exist to protect individuals and individual rights or for the good of society as a whole? This thesis suggests that this is the wrong question to ask. Individuals are not isolated and different fromtheir communities, but are products of social settings. This does not mean, however, that individual freedom and individual rights are compromised. Rather, the only way for an individual to be an autonomous agent and to make free choices is within a society. Rights for individuals, then, must come from within a social setting. Therefore, the individual is intertwined with a society and we cannot view a just society as simply focusingon one or the other. -
Community and Political Thought Today, Edited by Peter Augustine Lawler and Dale Mcconkey, Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers (1998), 244 Pp
Reviews Davis is also clear that the Menominee are no longer the people they were, curiously eyeing explorer Jean Nicolet in 1634. Acculturation has occurred and tradition has changed. Yet they are no less Menominee. They values they bring to the forest management represent a blend of modern ecological knowledge and a traditional understanding of where they came from. Davis describes the unique nature of the forest management plan developed by foresters: ...it is also a document that allows the Menominee to the confirm that they are Menominee even after their association with the Long Knives [European descended cultures]. To the writers of the plan, each animal has a spirit that has to the be treated with proper respect. Both animate and inanimate objects possess spirits that need protection if the Menominee and earth are to remain healthy and whole. The cultural remains of the old ones found in the forest must be preserved and protected (p. 54). While protection of cultural sites can be found in most forest plans, the need to the protect the spirits of animate and inanimate is somewhat less common; it is part of what distinguishes Menominee sustainable forestry. It is made more powerful...by a forest that has sustained them as a people for more than five thousand years (p. 54). It is also clear that the Menominee are wise enough to understand that no one approach can last them 5,000 years. Instead - and this is a crucial lesson they offer - their experiences point to the need to the remain flexible, to be willing to change, slowly, to the meet new demands, and to the understand that one successful model will not be enough: The essence of what the Menominee model says is that individual places and cultures should, out of their own experiences, fashioning creative technological, cultural, spiritual, and human solutions to the challenges posed by the need for long-term preservation (p. -
'True Democracy' As a Prelude to Communism
Political Philosophy and Public Purpose ‘True Democracy’ as a Prelude to Communism THE MARX OF DEMOCRACY ALEXANDROS CHRYSIS Political Philosophy and Public Purpose Series Editor Michael J. Thompson William Paterson University USA This series offers books that seek to explore new perspectives in social and political criticism. Seeing contemporary academic political theory and philosophy as largely dominated by hyper-academic and overly- technical debates, the books in this series seek to connect the politically engaged traditions of philosophical thought with contemporary social and political life. The idea of philosophy emphasized here is not as an aloof enterprise, but rather a publicly-oriented activity that emphasizes rational refection as well as informed praxis. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/14542 Alexandros Chrysis ‘True Democracy’ as a Prelude to Communism The Marx of Democracy Alexandros Chrysis Panteion University Athens, Greece Political Philosophy and Public Purpose ISBN 978-3-319-57540-7 ISBN 978-3-319-57541-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57541-4 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017939613 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifcally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microflms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. -
Individuality in John Locke and John Stuart Mill: a Response to Michael J
Individuality in John Locke and John Stuart Mill: A Response to Michael J. Sandel by Cara Camcastle BA. Hon. Econ., University of British Columbia, 1995 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES Department of Political Science We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA August 1998 © Cara Camcastle, 1998 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department The University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada DE-6 (2/88) Abstract This thesis examines from a philosophical and theoretical standpoint, the validity of the communitarian claim that liberalism promotes an abstract, asocial, and atomistic conception of the self. To better understand the inner logic of Lockean and Millian arguments, I analyse 'individuality' the concept at the centre of the dispute between liberals and communitarians. The thesis illustrates the essentially contested nature of this concept, and the complexity and diversity of the liberal tradition which has been generally overlooked by communitarian critics. Locke's conception of individuality is morphological because it emphasises how an individual assisted by the right kind of education constructs his individuality through deliberation and self-control. -
Communitarianism and Collective Rights·
Horacio Spector Communitarianism and Collective Rights· Abstract: The article distinguishes metaphysical from practical communitarianism. Meta physical communitarianism is alleged to involve a concealed ideological element, which leads its adherents to stereotypes when trying to capture the essence of the modern self. The claim is examined that minorities, or other ethnic and cultural groups have collective rights, either moral or legal in nature. Justifications of collective rights resorting to the value of cultural identity are said to be in need of explaining why the proper way of protecting such value is through rights. It is argued that practical communitarianism's case for collective rights needs embracing meta-normative and normative relativism, whose application to political action yields consequences at odds with widespread ethical intuitions. 1. Introduction It is well known that the traditional doctrine of human rights, developed in liberal political practice, accepts as an axiom that only individual persons can be the holders of such rights. The individualist doctrine of rights reigned almost unop posed up to a few years ago, accepted both by libertarians and by welfare liberals. Thus Nozick begins his Anarchy, State, and Utopia by saying "Individuals have rights ... ", and the whole of Rawls's theory of justice, in Ronald Dworkin's inter pretation at least, is based on the idea that individuals should be treated with equal consideration and respect. Neither of these authors defends the existence of rights not belonging to individual persons. Recently, however, the idea that an ethnical or a cultural minority is an entity capable of possessing interests morally deserv ing protection has won prestige while political philosophy has been experiencing a renascence of Aristotelian- or Hegelian-inspired communitarianism. -
Rethinking the Commons in the Communist Hypothesis
ARTICLE Received 10 Apr 2017 | Accepted 19 Jun 2017 | Published 1 Aug 2017 DOI: 10.1057/palcomms.2017.73 OPEN The unemployable and the generic: rethinking the commons in the communist hypothesis Gabriel Tupinambá1 ABSTRACT One of the main points of contention in the current debates surrounding Marxism has been the problem of finding a concrete substrate, which would orient the recuperation of the communist political strategy. Are there impasses in our contemporary society which justify the use of such a polemical notion as communism? Most authors currently involved with this debate agree that it is the problem of the “commons" under capitalism, which calls for a new theory and practice of communism. Where they disagree is on what the “commons” are and on how they exist within capitalism itself. The present contribution seeks to intervene on this debate and spell out the categorial recomposition of some fundamental aspects of Marxist critique of political economy implicitly at stake in Slavoj Žižek’s theorization of the “antagonisms of the common”. Taking up the insight of Antonio Negri and Michael Hardt concerning the new centrality of the enclosure of the commons in contemporary capitalism, Žižek has developed an alternative—more sober—view of the structural subsumption of these common spaces to the dynamics of Capital, where the very communal dimension of these domains only appear as common after they have been privatized. To extract the consequences of this assertion, we will first reconstruct the Marxist theory of enclosures in a comparative reading of the first volume of Capital and Karl Polanyi’s classic The Great Transformation. -
Kelvin Knight Aristotelianism Versus Communitarianism
Analyse & Kritik 27/2005 ( c Lucius & Lucius, Stuttgart) p. 259{273 Kelvin Knight Aristotelianism versus Communitarianism Abstract: Alasdair MacIntyre is an Aristotelian critic of communitarianism, which he understands to be committed to the politics of the capitalist and bureaucratic nation- state. The politics he proposes instead is based in the resistance to managerial insti- tutions of what he calls `practices', because these are schools of virtue. This shares little with the communitarianism of a Taylor or the Aristotelianism of a Gadamer. Although practices require formal institutions. MacIntyre opposes such conservative politics. Conventional accounts of a `liberal-communitarian debate' in political phi- losophy face the dilemma that Alasdair MacIntyre, often identified as a paradigmatic communitarian, has consistently and emphatically repudiated this characterization. Although neo-Aristotelianism is sometimes seen as a philosophical warrant for commu- nitarian politics, MacIntyre's Aristotelianism is opposed to communitarianism. This paper explores the rationale of that opposition. 1. Communitarianisms The term \communitarianism" was used by imaginative polemicists in the 1980s, and has been used by unimaginative textbook writers since then, to signify the criticism by a variety of Anglophone political philosophers of John Rawls' A Theory of Justice for resting upon overly individualist premisses. Despite the synthesizing efforts of Amitai Etzioni, it does not represent a coherent philo- sophical position. Nor can it do so unless some one theorist is chosen as its representative. Perhaps the best Anglophone candidate for such a position is Charles Taylor, yet Taylor considers the liberal-communitarian debate to have been conducted at `cross-purposes', with regard both to `ontological' issues of social theory and to moral or `advocacy' issues (Taylor 1989).