Desk-Based Assessment Report
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Asgill Lodge, Old Palace Road, Richmond, London Borough of Richmond An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment For Mr and Mrs Reid by Steve Preston Thames Valley Archaeological Services Ltd Site Code ALR07/144 November 2007 Summary Site name: Asgill Lodge, Old Palace Road, Richmond Grid reference: TQ 1750 7490 Site activity: Desk-based assessment Project manager: Steve Ford Site supervisor: Steve Preston Site code: ALR07/144 Area of site: Summary of results: The site lies in an area of very considerable general and specific archaeological potential. The general potential springs from its location on the Thames in an area likely to have been favoured by prehistoric settlement, the specific potential relates to its location on or very near the sites of the medieval Sheen Manor House, Sheen Palace and Richmond Palace or their gardens/outbuildings. This report may be copied for bona fide research or planning purposes without the explicit permission of the copyright holder Report edited/checked by: Steve Ford9 26.11.07 i Thames Valley Archaeological Services Ltd, 47–49 De Beauvoir Road, Reading RG1 5NR Tel. (0118) 926 0552; Fax (0118) 926 0553; email [email protected]; website : www.tvas.co.uk Asgill Lodge, Old Palace Lane, Richmond, London Borough of Richmond Upon Thames An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment by Steve Preston Report 07/144 Introduction This desk-based study is an assessment of the archaeological potential of a plot of land located at Asgill Lodge, Old Palace Lane, Richmond, London Borough of Richmond Upon Thames (Fig. 1). The project was commissioned by Mr Iain Sherman, of Walters and Cohen, 2 Wilkin Street, London, NW5 3NL on behalf of Mr and Mrs Reid and comprises the first stage of a process to determine the presence/absence, extent, character, quality and date of any archaeological remains which may be affected by redevelopment of the area. Planning permission is to be sought from the London Borough of Richmond Upon Thames for redevelopment of the site. In light of the possibility that the development might have an adverse impact on archaeological remains, a desk-based assessment has been requested in order to inform the planning process. Site description, location and geology The site currently consists of Asgill Lodge, its gardens (lawns with mature trees), and a garage, all surrounded by a brick wall. The development area is centred on NGR, TQ 1750 7490. The site is located on First terrace river gravel (BGS 1981) in a bend of the Thames. It is at a height of approximately 5m above Ordnance Datum. Richmond Old Deer Park, containing the Kew Observatory, is just to the north of the site. Planning background and development proposals Planning permission is being sought for the erection of a single new house on the site, which would involve removal of several trees. A previous application for the site has been withdrawn, but in response to this earlier proposal English Heritage had advised that a desk-based assessment would be required and it is assumed that this will also be the case for any new proposal. Archaeology and Planning (PPG 16 1990) provides guidance relating to archaeology within the planning process. It points out that where a desk-based assessment has shown that there is a strong possibility of significant archaeological deposits in a development area it is reasonable to provide more detailed information from a field evaluation so that an appropriate strategy to mitigate the effects of development on archaeology can be devised: 1 Paragraph 21 states: ‘Where early discussions with local planning authorities or the developer’s own research indicate that important archaeological remains may exist, it is reasonable for the planning authority to request the prospective developer to arrange for an archaeological field evaluation to be carried out...’ Should the presence of archaeological deposits be confirmed further guidance is provided. Archaeology and Planning stresses preservation in situ of archaeological deposits as a first consideration as in paragraphs 8 and 18. Paragraph 8 states: ‘...Where nationally important archaeological remains, whether scheduled or not, and their settings, are affected by proposed development there should be a presumption in favour of their physical preservation...’ Paragraph 18 states: ‘The desirability of preserving an ancient monument and its setting is a material consideration in determining planning applications whether that monument is scheduled or unscheduled...’ However, for archaeological deposits that are not of such significance it is appropriate for them to be ‘preserved by record’ (i.e., fully excavated and recorded by a competent archaeological contractor) prior to their destruction or damage. Paragraph 25 states: ‘Where planning authorities decide that the physical preservation in situ of archaeological remains is not justified in the circumstances of the development and that development resulting in the destruction of the archaeological remains should proceed, it would be entirely reasonable for the planning authority to satisfy itself ... that the developer has made appropriate and satisfactory provision for the excavation and recording of remains.’ The London Borough of Richmond Upon Thames Unitary Development Plan (LBRUDP 1998, First Review, adopted 2005) also addresses the issue of archaeological sites. Several policies cover Scheduled Ancient 2 Monuments, Listed Buildings, Historic Buildings, and Buildings of Townscape Character; these policies would not affect development on the proposal site. The following policies are pertinent to the proposed development site: ‘BLT7: Archaeological Sites ‘6.29 The Council will seek to promote the conservation, protection and enhancement of the archaeological heritage of the Borough, including industrial archaeology, and will encourage the interpretation and presentation of sites, finds and research to the public. ‘6.30 The Council is committed to developing the potential of archaeological sites in terms of education, recreation and tourism. This will involve agreements with developers who will be expected to include design, land use and management safeguards for archaeological sites affected by their proposals. The term ‘archaeology’ may include industrial sites, buildings, machinery and artefacts of the 19th and 20th centuries where these are of historic or architectural interest.’ BLT 8: Evaluation of archaeological sites ‘6.33 Where development proposals may affect archaeological remains or areas of archaeological potential the Council will encourage early discussion of the implications with developers and specialist bodies where appropriate. The Council may require the applicant to arrange and make adequate provision, including funding, for an archaeological evaluation, according to a written specification agreed with the Council, before proposals can be considered. ‘6.34 Prospective developers should include as part of their research into the development potential of a site which they undertake before they make a planning application, an initial assessment of whether the site is known or likely to contain archaeological remains by consultation with the appropriate specialist bodies, normally English Heritage. Where this indicates that important remains may exist the Council may require an archaeological field evaluation to be carried out before any decision on the planning application is taken. This will probably involve a ground survey and small scale trial trenching carried out by a professionally qualified archaeologist. This evaluation will help define the character and extent of the remains and thus indicate the weight that should be attached to their preservation. It will also be helpful in identifying potential options for minimising or avoiding damage. The Council will normally expect developers to provide the results of such assessments and evaluation as part of their application: where necessary it will consider service of a direction under Regulation 4 of the Town and Country Planning (Applications) Regulations 1988 to require provision of information. The Council wishes to endorse the spirit of the Code of Practice already established by the British Archaeologists and Developers Liaison Group. Map 7 shows Archaeological Constraints in the Borough. ‘BLT 9: Development of Archaeological Sites ‘6.35 Where development affects sites of archaeological importance, the Council will normally require that the applicant satisfies the Council that appropriate provision, including funding, has been made for the remains to be preserved in situ, or in exceptional cases where preservation in situ is not appropriate or feasible, excavated and recorded. A condition will normally be attached to any consent granted requiring these works to be carried out. ‘6.36 The proposals map identifies scheduled ancient monuments. The archaeological constraints map identifies areas with archaeological potential where sites of importance could exist. Not all sites of archaeological importance will necessarily be on the constraints map. Established procedures of consultation and evaluation must be followed in preparing development proposals. On sites of archaeological importance the Council will ensure, wherever possible, that archaeological remains are preserved in situ. However, this need not prevent the development of the site providing that special attention is paid to the protection of remains through the careful design of buildings and their foundations. In considering such proposals the Council will liaise with English