Can We Increase Organ Donation by Reducing the Disincentives? an $ Experimental Analysis
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What Makes a Market Transaction Morally Repugnant?
What makes a market transaction morally repugnant? Christina Leuker Robert Koch-Institute, Max Planck Institute for Human Development Lasare Samartzidis, & Ralph Hertwig Max Planck Institute for Human Development February 19, 2021 Word count: 8612 Abstract Many people find it morally impermissible to put kidneys, jury duty exemp- tions, or permits for having children on the free market. All of these are examples of repugnant transactions—market transactions that third parties want to prevent. In two studies (N = 1,554), using respondents’ judge- ments of 51 different market transactions across 21 characteristics, we show that repugnance can be decomposed into five higher-order dimensions: moral outrage, need for regulation, incommensurability, exploitation, and unknown risk. Repugnance toward the 51 market transactions was highly consistent across two samples. Our results can help identify mismatches between public sentiments and current regulations (selling carbon emissions is currently legal but considered repugnant), anticipate responses to novel markets that have not been publicly scrutinized (often arising from technological advances, such as markets for “designer babies”), and help design less repugnant markets (e.g., by making the risks involved in a transaction known to sellers). Keywords: repugnant transactions, moral judgments, market transactions, factor analysis, policy making Data and analysis code can be retrieved via osf.io/efzsm. PSYCHOLOGY OF REPUGNANCE 2 Dwarf tossing is a pub game in which contestants compete to throw people with dwarfism as far as possible. In many countries, human rights organisations have lobbied for dwarf tossing to be banned, arguing that it violates human dignity by objectifying people with dwarfism and that it represents a risk to those being tossed (CBC, 2012). -
Why the Nobel Prize of Economics (2012) Enhance the Position of
Why The Nobel Prize Of Economics (2012) Enhance the Position of ... Why The Nobel Prize Of Economics (2012) Enhance the Position of Islamic Finance towards Repugnant Markets? Part 1 By Maan Barazy Certified Shari'a Adviser and Auditor (CSAA‐ AAOIFI Certified) ‐ MA Islamic Comparative Jurisprudence ‐ BS International Economics ‐ Managing Partner And CEO of Data and Investment Consult‐Lebanon “How did commercial, banking, and similar money‐making pursuits become honorable at some point in the modern age after having stood condemned or despised as greed, love of lucre, and avarice for centuries past?” Max Weber quoting Benjamin Franklin on the virtues of responsible lending and borrowing ABSTRACT: Our understanding of market stability and the predictability of financial crisis has fallen short of the concept of repugnance. Repugnance creates distortion in market design and might be a catalyst to financial crisis. Roth argues that "the real repugnance that some people feel toward some transactions means that economists in‐ terested in proposing and designing markets must take this repugnance into account." If one hopes to design more efficient and ethical systems of exchange, cultural notions of repugnance can't simply be dismissed as irrational. This would seem to be an argument with implications beyond economics. When repugnance is taken into consideration; markets were most stable; a case in point is the behavior of Arab and Islamic market mechanisms under international financial crisis. Regulators have put outstanding weight into designing deter‐ rence system for crisis and operational fraud; hence it would have been more rewarding to study causes of repugnance in the system. There is a greater need today for international markets to understand the notions of interest‐free exchanges LARIBA and particularities of Arab markets exchanges if one hopes to design more efficient and ethical systems of exchange, cultural notions of repugnance can't simply be dismissed as irra‐ tional. -
Economy, Society, and Public Policy: Unit 1 Affluence, Inequality, and The
UNIT 12 GOVERNMENTS AND MARKETS IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY INTRODUCTION • Governments and markets, along with firms and families, are the major economic institutions today; how they are organized and how they interact affect the extent to which economic outcomes are efficient and fair. • Some economic activities are better organized primarily by markets, others by firms, families, and governments. • Market competition allows large numbers of people to interact in mutually beneficial ways because prices convey important economic information that would be difficult, if not impossible, for a government to obtain and use in their absence. • A government is distinct from other actors in society not because public officials are less self-interested than private economic actors, but because it has the capacity to act on behalf of all the people and require citizens to abide by its decisions, using force if necessary (for example, police powers). • Governments also use tax funds to provide goods and services (such as the courts or schooling and, in some countries, health care), that are usually free of charge. • Ideally, democracy empowers citizens by extending voting rights in competitive elections to everyone, and limits what governments and other powerful bodies can do by ensuring individual rights of speech and association. • Even in cases in which public policies to address unfairness or market failures are economically feasible, they may still not be carried out because powerful groups, including the wealthy or government elites, pursue other objectives, or because governments do not have the capacity to implement them. 513 UNIT 12 GOVERNMENTS AND MARKETS IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY The Social Science 125 course at Harvard University was oversubscribed; more students had signed up for it than could be enrolled, given the 95-student limit placed on class size. -
A G D I Working Paper
A G D I Working Paper WP/21/020 An empirical analysis of human trafficking in an era of globalization Yselle F. Malah (Corresponding author) University of Yaoundé 2, SOA, P.O. Box 1365 E-mail: [email protected] Simplice A. Asongu African Governance and Development Institute, P.O Box 8413, Yaoundé, Cameroon. E-mails: [email protected], [email protected] 1 2021 African Governance and Development Institute WP/21/020 Research Department An empirical analysis of human trafficking in an era of globalization Yselle F. Malah & Simplice A. Asongu January 2021 Abstract The paper explores the dark side of economic openness by examining empirically the nexus between the globalization process and human trafficking. Specifically, it is about showing in a global perspective how the growing process of free movement of people, goods, capital, services and information technology make the globe a connected web of activity for the sale and exploitation of human beings. After discussing some transmission channels through which globalization could increase this practice based on the lessons from the literature, an empirical analysis is done by employing OLS and Probit regressions on a cross-sectional model covering 130 countries worldwide. Findings, robust to the consideration of the sub- regional specificities and controlling for social, cultural and historical factors, suggest that globalization, particularly financial and cultural, favors human trafficking. In the light of these results, some policy recommendations are discussed. Keywords: globalization, human trafficking, cross section model. JEL Codes: F53, C21 1. Introduction Human trafficking has developed at an immense pace over the last two centuries, and is increasingly documented by academics and international organizations. -
Nonsimultaneous Extended Donor Chains and Domino Paired Donation
Nonsimultaneous Extended Donor Chains and Domino Paired Donation A Comparison of two Market Design Approaches applied to the German Market for Kidneys Master Thesis im Fachgebiet Volkswirtschaftslehre vorgelegt von: Dominik Bernhard Wullers vorgelegt am: 04. Juli 2011 Studienbereich: Volkswirtschaftslehre Matrikelnummer: 831710 Erstgutachterin: Univ.-Prof.’in Dr. Radosveta Ivanova-Stenzel Eidesstattliche Erkl¨arung Ich erkl¨are, die vorliegende Arbeit selbstst¨andig verfasst und keine anderen als die im Quellen- und Literaturverzeichnis genannten Hilfsmittel genutzt zu haben. Alle aus Quellen und Literatur w¨ortlich oder sinngem¨aentnomme- nen Stellen habe ich als solche kenntlich gemacht und einzelne Fundstellen nachgewiesen. Dar¨uber hinaus versichere ich, dass die eingereichte elektron- ische Fassung mit den gedruckten Exemplaren identisch ist. Hamburg, den 04. Juli 2011 Master Thesis Nonsimultaneous Extended Donor Chains and Domino Paired Donation A Comparison of two Market Design Approaches applied to the German Market for Kidneys Dominik B. Wullers Nonsimultaneous Extended Donor Chains and Domino Paired Donation Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. Hypothesis 3 3. Literature Review 5 3.1. A brief history of Market Design . 5 3.2. Kidney Exchanges . 8 3.3. Non-Simultaneous Altruistic Donor Chains and Domino Paired Donation 10 4. Background 14 4.1. Medical Background . 14 4.2. KidneyTransplantsOverview . 17 4.3. Legal Situation . 19 4.4. Eurotransplant . 21 5. Theory 22 5.1. StochasticProcesses .............................. 22 5.2. PoissonProcesses................................ 23 5.3. QueueTheory.................................. 25 6. Data 28 7. Simulation 32 8. Results 40 8.1. Regression Results, AB Bridge Donors and Exact ABO Matching . 40 8.2. Low Complexity, No Delay . 47 8.3. LowComplexity,DelayOn .......................... 53 8.4. -
Syllabus, We Will Do Some Real Work
PPE 160 Fall 2018 Freedom, Markets, and Well-Being E. Brown and M. Green TR 2:45–4, Pearsons 202 Office hours Brown: Wednesdays 1:30-4:30, and by appt., Carnegie 216, 607-2810. Green: Tuesdays and Thursdays 1-2, and by appt., Pearsons 207, 607-0906. Overview In this course, we bring together scholarship from philosophy, politics and economics to study the philosophical underpinnings and social institutions of contemporary American society and the world in which it operates. Working across disciplinary boundaries, we examine scholarship that seeks to describe the liberties, freedoms and safeguards that promote human flourishing and that looks carefully at the roles played by market economies and political institutions in the construction of contemporary society. One goal for the course is to prepare PPE majors to write their senior theses in the spring. Concrete work on the thesis is required at regular intervals throughout the term and the final project is a thesis prospectus. Another goal is to synthesize work in the three disciplines of philosophy, politics, and economics. This year, our focus will be on inequality. We will ask what economists, philosophers, and political scientists have to say about inequality and how work in one area is related to that in the others. Coursework and grading All students enrolled in this course are expected to do the assigned reading, to attend class regularly, and to participate thoughtfully in class discussions. There will be a writing assignment due roughly every other week. Four of these writing assignments are essays based in the reading for the course or on sources relevant to the thesis project. -
Janfeb2016 Bized
THE CREATIVE CORE ADDING ETHICS DISCIPLINED INNOVATION PREPARING STUDENTS FOR WAYS TO DESIGN AN ETHICS- HOW TO EMBRACE NEW IDEAS IN JOBS IN THE MACHINE AGE P. 36 BASED CURRICULUM P. 48 A CHANGE-AVERSE SYSTEM P. 56 AACSB INTERNATIONAL JANUARY | FEBRUARY 2016 ARE BUSINESS SCHOOLS READY? P. 20 21st Century Global Business Leaders Start in South Carolina At the Darla Moore School of Business, we prepare students for the jobs of today and the future. Our students graduate with critical thinking skills, robust functional career skills, essential interpersonal soft skills, real-world experiential problem solving and applied business analytics experience. We achieve this ROADMAP by integrating course work and real-world learning in classrooms, companies and markets around the globe. The results: engaged corporate partners who hire our students, committed alumni and growing demand for our unique programs. #1 undergraduate and graduate #12 undergraduate and graduate international business programs supply chain programs —U.S. News & World Report —Gartner SCHOOL OF Our international business programs integrate Our Global Supply Chain and Operations BUSINESS strategic classroom learning with in-depth Management students learn how to apply international experiences to immerse students contemporary business-process design and in the world of business, learning from: improvement tools to optimize real-world operations and supply chains from source to market. • Deep contextual understanding of international markets Our students apply these skills to solve tough supply • In-country language immersions chain problems for corporate partners through • An exceptional array of academically faculty-led student consulting projects. Students can focused study abroad options also earn an industry-validated Six Sigma Green Belt. -
Incredible Results in IAS 2013 5 Ranks 62 Ranks in Top 50 Ranks in the Final List
9 1 0 2 - Y R A U N A J Krushak Assistance for Livelihood and Income Augmentation (KALIA) S An alternative to Loan waiver R I A F F A T N E R R U C Y L H T N O 10% quota for National Clean US troop pullout Chang’e-4 M economically Air Programme from lunar probe weaker sections (NCAP) Afghanistan C Affirmative action Fight against Impact on Chinese lunar S or Merit? Air pollution India exploration mission P U RESULTS Incredible results in IAS 2013 5 Ranks 62 Ranks in Top 50 Ranks in the final list Rank 9 Rank 12 Rank 23 Rank 40 Rank 46 Divyanshu Jha Neha Jain Prabhav joshi Gaurang Rathi Udita Singh We broke our past record in IAS 2014 6 Ranks 12 Ranks 83 Ranks in Top 50 in Top 100 Overall Selections Rank 4 Rank 5 Rank 16 Rank 23 Rank 28 Rank 39 Vandana Rao Suharsha Bhagat Ananya Das Anil Dhameliya Kushaal Yadav Vivekanand T.S We did it again in IAS 2015 5 Ranks 14 Ranks 162 Ranks in Top 50 in Top 100 In The Final List Rank 20 Rank 24 Rank 25 Rank 27 Rank 47 Vipin Garg Khumanthem Chandra Pulkit Garg Anshul Diana Devi Mohan Garg Agarwal And we’ve done it yet again in IAS 2016 8 Ranks 18 Ranks 215 Ranks in Top 50 in Top 100 In The Final List Rank 2 Rank 5 Rank 12 Rank 30 Rank 32 Anmol Sher Abhilash Tejaswi Prabhash Avdhesh Singh Bedi Mishra Rana Kumar Meena And we’ve done it yet again in IAS 2017 5 Ranks 34 Ranks 236 Ranks in Top 10 in Top 100 In The Final List Rank 3 Rank 6 Rank 8 Rank 9 Rank 10 Sachin Koya sree Anubhav Saumya Abhishek Gupta Harsha Singh Sharma Surana Ashima Abhijeet Varjeet Keerthi Utsav Gaurav Abhilash Vikramaditya Vishal -
Philosophical and Ethical Aspects of Economic Design
London School of Economics and Political Science Philosophical and Ethical Aspects of Economic Design Philippe van Basshuysen A thesis submitted to the Department of Philosophy, Logic and Scientific Method of the London School of Economics and Political Science for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, May 07, 2019 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). I confirm that parts of the Introduction and Conclusion are based on a book review in Review of Political Economy (van Basshuysen (forthcoming)). Chap- ter 4 is based on a publication in Games (van Basshuysen (2017)). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is per- mitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this autho- risation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that this thesis consists of 41; 757 words. Philippe van Basshuysen 3 Abstract This thesis studies some philosophical and ethical issues that economic design raises. Chapter 1 gives an overview of economic design and argues that a cross- fertilisation between philosophy and economic design is possible and insightful for both sides. Chapter 2 examines the implications of mechanism design for theories of rationality. -
How Russia Menaces Western Democracies
The right way to do Brexit Who Cyril Ramaphosa should fire Lead paint, still a poisonous problem South Korea’s fetish for fortune-telling FEBRUARY 24TH–MARCH 2ND 2018 The meddler How Russia menaces Western democracies Contents The Economist February 24th 2018 3 5 The world this week United States 29 National security Leaders Unchanging 7 Russia’s dirty tricks 30 Guns and protest The meddler Calling BS 8 New president, new hope 32 Deportations How to fix South Africa Deal or No Deal 8 Public health 32 Public-sector unions As black as painted Judgment day 9 Housing reform 33 Winter in Chicago Brexit Britain can “take back Fannie and Freddie Dibs etiquette control” from Europe without 10 Britain and Europe 34 Lexington The new normal cutting all ties: leader, page10. The right way to do Brexit Theresa May’s government is On the cover firmly against the Norway Why the West’s response to Letters The Americas model for Britain’s trade with Russia’s dirty tricks is the European Union. Yet it 12 On digital health, 35 Coca in Colombia inadequate: leader, page 7. offers many advantages, even migrants, school Spraying v co-operating Division makes a country for Brexiteers, page 47 shootings, doping, 36 Bello vulnerable to Russian Theresa May Mexico’s young hopeful disinformation campaigns, page 15. Russian meddling 38 Counterfeit goods is only one challenge facing Briefing A Canadian market Facebook, page 53 15 Russian disinformation The discord amplifier Middle East and Africa 17 Inside the IRA 39 Terrorist financing The Economist online A troll’s life -
Beasts of Prey Or Rational Animals? Private Governance In
Beasts of Prey or Rational Animals? Private Governance in Brazil’s Jogo do Bicho Danilo Freire∗ 19 March 2017 Abstract is work presents a rational choice account for the jogo do bicho (‘animal game’), possibly the largest illegal loery game in the world. Over 120 years, the jogo do bicho has grown into a multimillion-dollar business and exerted a signicant impact on the Brazilian society. e loery has been a major sponsor of the Carnival Parade in Rio de Janeiro, which is among the world’s most famous popular festivals, and it has remained an important driver of state corruption in the country. is work investigates the institutions that have caused the jogo do bicho’s notable growth and long-term survival outside the boundaries of the Brazilian law. It also explains the emergence of the informal rules that govern the game as well as their enforcement mechanisms. Keywords: Brazil; criminal organisations; gambling; jogo do bicho; private governance JEL Classication Codes: D72, K42, P26, P37, Z00 ∗PhD Candidate, Department of Political Economy, King’s College London, Strand Campus, WC2R 2LS London, United Kingdom. Email address: [email protected]. I would like to thank Paulo Roberto Araujo, Guilherme Arbache, Diogo Costa, Guilherme Duarte, Robert McDonnell, Maur´ıcio Pantaleao˜ and David Skarbek for their helpful comments. I gratefully acknowledge the support of the National Council for Scientic and Technological Development and the School of Politics and Economics at King’s College London. 1 1 Introduction In 1892, Baron Joao˜ Batista de Viana Drummond came up with a new idea to fund his cash-strapped zoo. -
Geography Places in News Jan-2019 • Kaveri Crater • Chicxulub Crater Dec-2019 • White Island Volcano
Victory IAS Foundation© Geography Places in News Jan-2019 • Kaveri Crater • Chicxulub crater Dec-2019 • White Island volcano • Shetrunji River • Yalu River/Amrok River/ Amnok River • Cooum River • Indravati River • Lake Urmia • Kali Sindh River • Ponnaiyar River • Danube • Ghaggar River • Kajin Sara Lake • Ken-Betwa • Kelo River Feb-2019 • Bagamoyo Port March-2019 • Liancourt Rocks, Dokdo Islands or Takeshima Islands • Miyako Strait • Mount Sodom Salt Cave May-2019 • Mount Agung/ Gunung Agung • Mulshi Dam • Pandoh Dam June-2019 • Amundsen Sea • Mauna Kea July-2019 1 Victory IAS Foundation© • Mount Elbrus • Mount Etna Kutch Desert Kajin Sara lake Oct-2019 TULAGI ISLAND Nov-2019 UNESCO Creative City Kolleru lake Dec-2019 Rohtang Pass: Strategic tunnel under it Temp Jan-2019 • Delhi Rains March-2019 • Monsoon likely to be ‘normal’ this year, says meteorological dept. April-2019 April and May to be warmer than normal, says IMD May-2019 Monsoon and its forecast mechanism Oct-2019 2 Victory IAS Foundation© Monsoon Prediction Disasters April-2019 • El Nino • La Nina • Cyclone Vayu Cyclone Fani gathers force, to hit Odisha Oct-2019 Typhoon Hagibis Nov-2019 Cyclone Maha Solar System Sept-2019 Perseids Meteor shower Oct-2019 Saturn has the most numbers moons in our Solar System Dec-2019 Solar Eclipse • Milky Way’s violent birth decoded • Perseid Meteor Shower • Minor Planet named after ‘Pandit Jasraj’ • Annular Solar Eclipse • India, Sweden to sign MoU for polar science cooperation World Geography Theory 3 Victory IAS Foundation© Oct-2019 Paleochannel