DOCSLIB.ORG

Comparison of Biomarker Responses Following One Dose of Benzo-A-Pyrene Administered to Three Native Australian Fish Species

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Comparison of Biomarker Responses Following One Dose of Benzo-A-Pyrene Administered to Three Native Australian Fish Species Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 94: 465–472, 2011 Comparison of biomarker responses following one dose of benzo-a-pyrene administered to three native Australian fish species Sajida Bakhtyar 1 & Marthe Monique Gagnon 1* 1 Department of Environment & Agriculture, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845 * Corresponding author: Telephone: + 61 8 9266 3723 Fax: +61 8 9266 2495 [email protected] Manuscript received February 2011; accepted March 2011 Abstract The Australian native fish pink snapper (Pagrus auratus Forster) is currently used as a bioindicator species for laboratory and field studies, but is often unavailable from hatcheries, or collected in limited numbers in the field. Consequently, mulloway (Argyrosomus hololepidotus Lacépède) and barramundi (Lates calcarifer Bloch), two Australian native fish species, were tested in an exploratory study as potential bioindicator surrogates to pink snapper. Experimental fish were i.p. injected with benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a well known biomarker inducer in fish, at a dose of 1.0 µg/g of fish. Physiological indices i.e. condition factor (CF) and liver somatic index (LSI) and a suite of biomarkers including ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, biliary metabolites, serum sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), DNA damage (Comet assay) and heat shock proteins HSP 70 were explored in the three test species. Mulloway and barramundi showed a higher response in biliary metabolite levels than pink snapper, while pink snapper showed a higher EROD induction potential relative to mulloway and barramundi. Mulloway appeared to be sensitive to hepatotoxicants, as the chemical injury sustained by the liver resulted in the release of SDH in the bloodstream of this species. All three species were significantly responsive to DNA damage. When injected with BaP, the three species showed similar response for CF, LSI and HSP 70. Initial results indicate that mulloway and barramundi are suitable surrogate bioindicator species for pink snapper in relation to exposure to BaP. Keywords: Pink snapper, Mulloway, Barramundi, BaP, Fish biomarkers, EROD, SDH, Bile metabolites, DNA damage, Comet assay, HSP 70 Inroduction fish mostly unknown. When pink snapper is unavailable, a surrogate species needs to be identified. Therefore, Pink snapper (Paragus aratus Forster 1801) is found mulloway (Argyrosomus hololepidotus Lacepède 1801) and in warm temperate to sub-tropical waters of southern barramundi (Lates calcarifer Bloch 1790), both native Australia (Paulin 1990), and is one of the most popular to Australia, were identified as potential alternative commercial and recreational fish in this region. Pink bioindicator species. snapper may reach a maximum length of 1.3 m and weight 19.5 kg (Hutchins & Thompson 1983). Juvenile Mulloway occur mainly in coastal embayment and pink snapper is currently used as biological tool for estuaries, but also occur off ocean beaches and on evaluation of biotic response to marine pollution inshore reefs to depths of about 100 m. Small mulloway (Gagnon & Rawson 2009; Ranaldi & Gagnon 2010). tend to remain in the more saline estuaries. These fish The biochemical responsiveness of pink snapper to are effective predators, feeding upon whatever prey the common pollutants pentachlorophenate (PCP) and is available in their particular habitat (DPI & F 2003). polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been demonstrated Mulloway is available all the year round from the field, (Tugiyono & Gagnon 2001), validating the suitability or from hatcheries where it is grown for aquaculture of this species as a bioindicator of environmental ventures. contamination. Limitations of this species include Barramundi is among the largest and most important its extremely slow growth rate and the unreliable commercial fishes in Australia (Allen 1997). Barramundi availability of juveniles from hatcheries. Its biology is are large predators which can grow up to 60 kg and 180 also lacking in information, with the biology of juvenile cm in length. Barramundi are protandric hermaphrodites, reproducing as males between 2 and 6 years of age, after © Royal Society of Western Australia 2011 which they reproduce as females (Davis 1986). This 465 Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 94(3), September 2011 species has a very extensive range in tropical and semi- Environmental Protection Agency EPA 821/R-02-012 tropical areas of Northern Australia, Papua New Guinea (2002). Aeration was constant in order to maintain close and Asia, and has potential to be used as a biomonitor to 100 % saturation of oxygen in the aquarium water at of environmental pollution in the natural water bodies all times. The seawater (salinity 29–36 ppt, pH 7.1–7.8 of the region (Mercurio et al. 2004; Codi King et al. 2005; and temperature 20.0–22.0°C), used for the daily 50 % Humphrey et al. 2007). water change was collected from the hatchery site where Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an the fish were obtained, so that laboratory seawater had important environmental threat. Some PAHs have the same physicochemical characteristics as the water well documented toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic in which the fish were reared. The seawater salinity was potentials that make them priority pollutants (Naes et different for the barramundi exposure as this experiment al. 1999). Benzo-a-pyrene (BaP) is a well known inducer was conducted at a separate time to other fish exposures. of biochemical reactions in fish, e.g. ethoxyresoryfin-O- Eight (8) fish per treatment (4 fish per aquarium, deethylase (EROD) activity (Ramsak et al. 2007; Yun et in duplicate) for pink snapper and mulloway were al. 2008) and is used as a common standard to trigger kept in 100 L aquaria. However, due to large size biological responses under laboratory conditions. of barramundi, six (6) fish per treatment (3 fish per In addition, BaP is an ubiquitous anthropogenic aquarium only, in duplicate) were kept in 100 L aquaria. contaminant found in urban and marine environments. Water physicochemistry (salinity, pH and temperature) Several studies have exposed fish to BaP either via the was measured daily to ensure stable physicochemical water column or through intra-peritoneal (i.p.) injection parameters. Fish were fed once a day at a maintenance to the animal in order to measure the cellular response of ratio of 1% body weight per day during the acclimation the animal to the chemical (Lemaire-Gony 1995; Bonacci (7 days) and experimental (4 days) periods (Palace et et al. 2003; Ramsak et al. 2007). In exploratory studies, al. 1996). The food pellets consisted of a commercially i.p. injections are often the preferred route of exposure available fish food (Sketting pellet type Nova ME, 45% as it ensures that all organisms receive the same dose protein, 20% lipid, 18% carbohydrates, 8% moisture). of toxicant, which reduces variability of the measured parameters. BaP at dose of 1.0 µg/g of fish has been Fish Exposure shown to be high enough to trigger the biochemical Negative control groups received no treatment as responses in fish tissues with no mortality (Bakhtyar previous laboratory trials have shown that corn oil & Gagnon 2009). However, several studies have also injection or anaesthesia with MS222 (3-aminobenzoic acid administered much higher doses of BaP through i.p. ethyl ester) does not alter biomarker responses (Webb & injections in a variety of species without any mortality. Gagnon 2002a). All fish were anaesthetised with MS222 For example; the juvenile European sea bass Dicentrarchus prior to being injected with BaP diluted in 1 mL of corn labrax (Lemaire-Gony 1995), the European eel Anguilla oil at a dose of 1.0 µg /g fish. anguilla (Bonacci et al. 2003), the juvenile Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus (Padrós et al. 2003), as well as black The BaP dose was selected according to previous gobies Gobius niger (Ramsak et al. 2007), and the juvenile experience (Webb et al. 2008) using native Australian gilthead sea bream Sparus auratus (Banni et al. 2009) all species, where EROD activity was successfully induced have been the subject of biomarker studies using i.p. BaP to significant levels. In addition, published literature injections. reporting EROD activity induction in other fish species did lead to the selection of a dose of 1.0 µg BaP/g Under laboratory conditions, juvenile pink snapper, fish which was intraperitoneally injected to trigger mulloway and barramundi were injected with BaP in biochemical responses. All fish were killed 4 days post- order to investigate their biochemical responsiveness injection as the biomarker response has been shown to be to this model contaminant. A suite of physiological maximal 3 to 4 days following BaP injection (Gagnon & responses (condition factor: CF, liver somatic index: LSI) Holdway 1998; Au et al. 1999; Webb et al. 2008). and biochemical markers specific to organic compounds i.e. EROD activity, biliary metabolites, biomarkers of At the end of the exposure period, blood was collected general stress such as serum sorbitol dehydrogenase from the dorsal vein using a vacutainer. A portion of the (SDH), heat shock proteins (HSP 70) and DNA damage blood was immediately used for the Comet assay while (Comet assay) were measured in order to assess the another portion was centrifuged at 3000 g, at 4°C for 10 potential of each species as a suitable alternative to pink minutes and supernatant serum was collected. Fish were snapper. killed by the method known as Iki jime (spike through the brain). Total weight and liver weight (g) were recorded on a Sartorius Basic B3100P electronic balance, and total, fork Material and Methods and standard lengths were measured (cm). The gills, liver and bile were collected and immediately frozen in liquid Fish Maintenance nitrogen. All samples were stored in freezer at -80°C until Juvenile pink snapper, mulloway and barramundi analysed for biomarkers. were obtained from a local hatchery (Fremantle TAFE, WA). Sexually immature fish were purposely selected Fish Biomarkers for the current study as the presence of steroid hormones Physiological indices i.e.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Stable Isotope and Fatty Acid Biomarkers of Seagrass, Epiphytic, and Algal Organic Matter to Consumers in a Pristine Seagrass Ecosystem
    CSIRO PUBLISHING Marine and Freshwater Research, 2012, 63, 1085–1097 http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF12027 Stable isotope and fatty acid biomarkers of seagrass, epiphytic, and algal organic matter to consumers in a pristine seagrass ecosystem Laura L. BelickaA,B,E,F, Derek BurkholderC, James W. FourqureanA,C, Michael R. HeithausC, Stephen A. MackoD and Rudolf Jaffe´ A,B ASoutheast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA. BDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA. CDepartment of Biological Sciences and Marine Sciences Program, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA. DDepartment of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA. EPresent address: Algenol Biofuels, Inc., 16121 Lee Rd, Fort Myers, FL 33912, USA. FCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract. The relative importance of the identity and abundance of primary producers in structuring trophic ecology, particularly in seagrass-dominated ecosystems, remains unclear. We assessed the contributions of seagrass, epiphytes, macroalgae, and other primary producers to the diets of resident animals in the nearly pristine seagrass-dominated environment of Shark Bay, Australia, by combining fatty acid composition with carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur stable isotopes of primary producers and consumers. Overall, mixed inputs of these primary producers fuel secondary production, with tropical detrital seagrass inputs supporting most fish species, likely through benthic intermediates. Epiphytic organic matter inputs were most closely associated with snails, whereas seagrass detritus, macroalgae, gelatinous zooplankton, and/or phytoplankton may all contribute to higher trophic levels including sea turtles and sharks. The fatty acid and isotope data suggest that diets of large-bodied consumers were highly variable – future food web studies need to incorporate large sample sizes to account for this variability.
    [Show full text]
  • Age Composition and Growth Rates of Selected Fish Species In
    Age composition and growth rates of selected fish species in Western Australia Submitted by Brent Stephen Wise B.Sc. (Hons) This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Murdoch University, Western Australia, 2005 Chapter 1 ii I declare that this thesis is my own account of my research and contains as its main content work that has not previously been submitted for a degree at any tertiary education institution Brent Stephen Wise Chapter 1 iii Abstract Growth typically varies considerably amongst the individuals in a population and between individuals in different populations of the same species, especially when those populations are found in environments in which the characteristics differ markedly. Although the annuli in hard structures are often used to age fish, such growth zones are not always clearly defined in these structures. Thus, in these cases, it is necessary to use alternative methods for ageing, such as analysis of modal progressions in length-frequency data. However, these types of techniques can usually only identify distinct size classes that correspond to an age class. They thus only enable an individual fish to be aged when it is a member of a discrete size cohort. Such a situation generally only applies to the younger age classes. This thesis reports the results of studies on a species that can be aged using the annuli in one of its hard parts (asteriscus otoliths), i.e. Cnidoglanis macrocephalus, and four species (Amniataba caudavitatta, Apogon rueppellii, Pseudogobius olorum and Favionigobius lateralis) for which it was necessary to use a method such as length-frequency analysis for ageing.
    [Show full text]
  • IAN Symbol Library Catalog
    Overview The IAN symbol libraries currently contain 2976 custom made vector symbols The Libraries Include designed specifically for enhancing science communication skills. Download the complete set or create a custom packaged version. 2976 science/ecology symbols Our aim is to make them a standard resource for scientists, resource managers, 55 albums in 6 categories community groups, and environmentalists worldwide. Easily create diagrammatic representations of complex processes with minimal graphical skills. Currently Vector (SVG & AI) versions downloaded by 91068 users in 245 countries and 50 U.S. states. Raster (PNG) version The IAN Symbol Libraries are provided completely cost and royalty free. Please acknowledge as: Symbols courtesy of the Integration and Application Network (ian.umces.edu/symbols/). Acknowledgements The IAN symbol libraries have been developed by many contributors: Adrian Jones, Alexandra Fries, Amber O'Reilly, Brianne Walsh, Caroline Donovan, Catherine Collier, Catherine Ward, Charlene Afu, Chip Chenery, Christine Thurber, Claire Sbardella, Diana Kleine, Dieter Tracey, Dvorak, Dylan Taillie, Emily Nastase, Ian Hewson, Jamie Testa, Jan Tilden, Jane Hawkey, Jane Thomas, Jason C. Fisher, Joanna Woerner, Kate Boicourt, Kate Moore, Kate Petersen, Kim Kraeer, Kris Beckert, Lana Heydon, Lucy Van Essen-Fishman, Madeline Kelsey, Nicole Lehmer, Sally Bell, Sander Scheffers, Sara Klips, Tim Carruthers, Tina Kister , Tori Agnew, Tracey Saxby, Trisann Bambico. From a variety of institutions, agencies, and companies: Chesapeake
    [Show full text]
  • Pearl Cichlids in the Swan River
    Assessment of the distribution and population viability of the Pearl Cichlid in the Swan River Catchment, Western Australia Report to: Prepared by: S Beatty, D Morgan, G Sarre, A Cottingham, A Buckland Centre for Fish & Fisheries Research Murdoch University August 2010 1 DISTRIBUTION AND POPULATION VIABILITY OF PEARL CICHLID Assessment of the distribution and population viability of the Pearl Cichlid in the Swan River Catchment, Western Australia ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: This project was funded by the Swan River Trust through the Western Authors: Australian Government’s Natural Resource S Beatty, D Morgan, G Sarre, Management grants A Cottingham, A Buckland scheme. We would like to Centre for Fish & Fisheries thank Jeff Cosgrove and Steeg Hoeksema for project Research Murdoch University management (SRT). Thanks also to Michael Klunzinger, James Keleher and Mark Allen for field support and Gordon Thompson for histology. 2 DISTRIBUTION AND POPULATION VIABILITY OF PEARL CICHLID Summary and recommendations The Pearl Cichlid Geophagus brasiliensis (which is native to eastern South America) was first reported in Bennett Brook in February 2006 by Ben de Haan (North Metro Catchment Group Inc.) who visually observed what he believed to be a cichlid species. The senior authors were notified and subsequently initially captured and identified the species in the system on 15th of February 2006. Subsequent monitoring programs have been periodically undertaken and confirmed that the species was self‐maintaining and is able to tolerate high salinities. There is thus the potential for the species to invade many tributaries and the main channel of the region’s largest river basin, the Swan River. However, little information existed on the biology and ecology of the species within Bennett Brook and this information is crucial in understanding its pattern of recruitment, ecological impact, and potential for control or eradication.
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation Status of Fish of the Northern Territory
    Conservation status of fish of the Northern Territory Classification – Endangered Scientific name Common name Glyphis garricki Northern River Shark Classification – Vulnerable Scientific name Common name Chlamydogobius japalpa Finke Goby Glyphis glyphis Speartooth Shark Pingalla lorentzi Lorentz Grunter Pristis clavata Dwarf Sawfish Pristis pristis Largetooth Sawfish Pristis zijsron Green Sawfish Scortum neili Angalarri Grunter Classification – Near Threatened Scientific name Common name Anoxypristis cuspidata Narrow Sawfish Craterocephalus centralis Finke Hardyhead Melanotaenia maccullochi McCulloch’s Rainbowfish Mogurnda larapintae Desert Mogurnda Porochilus obbesi Obbes' Catfish Classification – Least Concern Scientific name Common name Ablennes hians Barred Longtom Abudefduf bengalensis Bengal Sergeant Abudefduf sexfasciatus Scissortail Sergeant Department of ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES Page 1 of 21 Conservation status of fish of the Northern Territory Scientific name Common name Acanthopagrus morrisoni Western Yellowfin Bream Acanthopagrus pacificus Pikey Bream Acanthopagrus palmaris Northwest Black-Bream Acanthurus grammoptilus Inshore Surgeonfish Acentrogobius viridipunctatus Green-spotted Goby Adventor elongatus Sandpaper Velvetfish Aetobatus ocellatus White-spotted Eagle Ray Aetomylaeus nichofii Banded Eagle Ray Albula argentea Pacific Bonefish Alectis indica Diamond Trevally Alepes vari Herring Scad Ambassis agrammus Sailfin Glassfish Ambassis dussumieri Barehead Glassfish Ambassis interrupta Long-spined Glassfish Ambassis
    [Show full text]
  • DNA Barcoding the Fishes of Lizard Island (Great Barrier Reef)
    Biodiversity Data Journal 5: e12409 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.5.e12409 Research Article DNA barcoding the fishes of Lizard Island (Great Barrier Reef) Dirk Steinke‡,§, Jeremy R deWaard‡, Martin F Gomon|, Jeffrey W Johnson¶, Helen K Larson#, Oliver Lucanus¤, Glenn I Moore «, Sally Reader»,˄ Robert D Ward ‡ Centre for Biodiversity Genomics - University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada § Department of Integrative Biology - University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada | Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Australia ¶ Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane QLD 4101, Australia, Brisbane, Australia # Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Darwin, Australia ¤ Belowwater, Montreal, Canada « Western Australian Museum, Perth, Australia » Australian Museum, Sidney, Australia ˄ CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Hobart, Australia Corresponding author: Dirk Steinke ([email protected]) Academic editor: Pavel Stoev Received: 24 Feb 2017 | Accepted: 12 Apr 2017 | Published: 13 Apr 2017 Citation: Steinke D, deWaard J, Gomon M, Johnson J, Larson H, Lucanus O, Moore G, Reader S, Ward R (2017) DNA barcoding the fishes of Lizard Island (Great Barrier Reef). Biodiversity Data Journal 5: e12409. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e12409 Abstract To date the global initiative to barcode all fishes, FISH-BOL, has delivered barcodes for approximately 14,400 of the 30,000 fish species; there is still much to do to attain its ultimate goal of barcoding all the world’s fishes. One strategy to overcome local gaps is to initiate short but intensive efforts to collect and barcode as many species as possible from a small region – a barcode ‘blitz’. This study highlights one such event, for the marine waters around Lizard island in the Great Barrier Reef (Queensland, Australia).
    [Show full text]
  • Inter-Period Comparisons of the Ichthyofaunas of Two Nearby, Modified Estuaries and the Biology of Pelates Octolineatus (Terapontidae)
    Inter-period comparisons of the ichthyofaunas of two nearby, modified estuaries and the biology of Pelates octolineatus (Terapontidae) Submitted by Lauren Jade Veale This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Murdoch University, Western Australia 2013 BSc (Hons) Australian Maritime College Declaration I declare that this thesis is my own account of my research and contains as its main content work which has not previously been submitted for a degree at any tertiary education institution. ……………………………………. Lauren Jade Veale The good old days: Landscape shots of the Leschenault Estuary and ‘the team’ hard at work (photo taken by South West Catchment Council). Abstract The nearby Leschenault and Peel-Harvey estuaries, on the lower west coast of Australia, have undergone radical “engineering” changes. This applies particularly to the Peel-Harvey Estuary, in which a second artificial entrance channel was constructed in 1994 to increase tidal exchange and thereby reduce the massive eutrophication that afflicted the system. The number of species, densities and species compositions of the ichthyofaunas of these two systems between winter 2008 and autumn 2010 were determined using data derived from seasonal seine netting. The results were compared with those obtained in 1994 in the Leschenault Estuary and in 1996-97 and 1980-81 in the Peel-Harvey Estuary. Sampling throughout Leschenault Estuary in 2008-10 using a 21.5 m seine net yielded 27,044 fish, representing 43 species, with 75 % of the catch comprising the atherinids Atherinosoma elongata, Craterocephalus mugiloides and Leptatherina presbyteroides, the clupeid Hyperlophus vittatus and the mugilid Aldrichetta forsteri. Species richness was greatest in the lower and middle regions, due to a high abundance of marine species, whereas C.
    [Show full text]
  • FISHERIES OCCASIONAL PUBLICATION No. 40, 2007 A
    FISHERIES OCCASIONAL PUBLICATION No. 40, 2007 A summary of data collected by the Angler’s Daily Log Book and Fishing Tournament Monitoring Programs in 2004-2006 K. A. Smith, M. Hammond and J. Brown Fisheries Research Division Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories PO Box 20 NORTH BEACH Western Australia 6920 This Fisheries Occasional Publication is not a formal refereed scientific publication and the Department publish sections of these reports in scientific journals, however, each report is internally reviewed for quality control purposes. The indivdual papers within this volume may not be reproduced without the approval of the author(s) concerned. The occasional publication should be cited as K. A. Smith, M. Hammond and J. Brown. A summary of data collected by the Angler’s Daily Log Book and Fishing Tournament Monitoring Programs in 2004-2006, Fisheries Occasional Publications No. 40, Department of Fisheries, Western Australia, 59p. Department of Fisheries – Research Division Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories 39 Northside Drive, Hillarys Boat Harbour, WA 6025 (PO Box 20, North Beach (Perth) WA 6920) Telephone (08) 9203 0111 Facsimile (08) 9203 0199 www.fish.wa.gov.au Published by Department of Fisheries, Perth, Western Australia. March 2007. ISSN: 1447- 2058 ISBN: 1 877098 81 7 An electronic copy of this report will be available at the above website where parts may be shown in colour where this is thought to improve clarity. Disclaimer Despite all due care and diligence being given by the Department of Fisheries – Government of Western Australia in the preparation of this document, the Department of Fisheries makes no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, concerning the use of technology mentioned in this publication.
    [Show full text]
  • The Fish Fauna and Finfish Fishery of the Leschenault Estuary in South
    Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 83: 481-501, 2000 The fish fauna and finfish fishery of the Leschenault Estuary in south-western Australia I C Potter1, P N Chalmer2, D J Tiivel1, R A Steckis3, M E Platell1 & R C J Lenanton3 1School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Murdoch University, Murdoch WA 6150 2Nypin Grazing Co, PO Box 1168, Esperance WA 6450 3Fisheries Western Australia, Bernard Bowen Fisheries Research Institute, PO Box 20, North Beach WA 6020 Email: [email protected] Abstract This paper collates unpublished and published data on the fish faunas of the large basin and Collie River regions of the Leschenault Estuary in 1982/83 and 1993/94, and provides information on the commercial and recreational fisheries in that estuary. The most abundant of the 42 fish species recorded in eight six-weekly samples collected from the nearshore, shallow waters of the basin in 1994, were the long-finned goby Favonigobius lateralis, the sandy sprat Hyperlophus vittatus and the atherinids Leptatherina presbyteroides and Atherinosoma elongata; these four species collectively contributing 83.0% to the total number of fish caught. Of the 42 species, 20 were marine species which use the estuary as a nursery area (marine estuarine-opportunists), while 13 complete their life cycles in the estuary, of which seven are also represented by marine populations. The contribution made to the total number of individuals by marine estuarine-opportunists and marine stragglers collectively (32.1%) was far lower than that of species which complete their life cycles in the estuary (67.9%).
    [Show full text]
  • And Amniataba Caudavittata (Richardson, 1845), from Western Australia: Evidence for Hybridisation?
    DOI: 10.18195/issn.0312-3162.23(2).2006.133-144 Records of the Western Australian Museum 23: 133---144 (2006)_ Osteology of the first dorsal fin in two terapontid fishes, Leiopotherapon unicolor (Giinther, 1859) and Amniataba caudavittata (Richardson, 1845), from Western Australia: evidence for hybridisation? David L. Morgan and Howard S. Gill Centre for Fish and Fisheries Research, Murdoch University, South Street, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia; Email: [email protected] Abstract - Osteological characters, such as number of supraneural bones anterior to first neural spine, number of spines on first dorsal pterygiophore, position of insertion of first proximal dorsal pterygiophore and number of anterior proximal dorsal pterygiophores inserting between successive neural spines, in conjunction with morphological characters, were used to provide evidence of natural hybridisation between two species of the Terapontidae: the freshwater Leiopotherapon unicolor and the marine/estuarine Amniataba caudavittata. INTRODUCTION Western Australia, throughout northern Australia The Terapontidae (commonly called trumpeters and southern New Guinea to the east coast of or grunters) consists of small to medium-sized northern Queensland (Vari 1978; Alien et ai. 2002). fishes represented by approximately 46 species Whilst A. caudavittata is considered to be primarily from 16 genera in marine and freshwaters of the marine (Vari 1978), in south-western Australia it is Indo-Pacific region (Vari 1978; Nelson 1994; Allen essentially restricted to estuaries (Potter et ai. 1994; et ai. 2002). Of these, about 33 are restricted to the Wise et ai. 1994). It is also able to tolerate both freshwaters of New Guinea and Australia where freshwater and hypersaline conditions (Hutchins they are often of economic and/or recreational and Swainston 1986; Morgan and Gill 2004).
    [Show full text]
  • 1 1 2 3 4 M. Monique Gagnon1*, Christopher A. Rawson1 5 6 7
    1 1 BIOINDICATOR SPECIES FOR EROD ACTIVITY MEASUREMENTS: A REVIEW WITH 2 AUSTRALIAN FISH AS A CASE STUDY 3 4 5 M. Monique Gagnon1*, Christopher A. Rawson1 6 7 8 1Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA, 9 6102, Australia 10 11 12 *Corresponding author 13 Marthe Monique Gagnon 14 Department of Environment and Agriculture 15 Curtin University 16 GPO Box U1987 17 Perth, Western Australia 6845 18 Email: [email protected] 19 Voice: +61 8 9266 3723 20 21 Running head: Bioindicator species for EROD activity measurements 22 2 23 1 Abstract 24 The conversion of ethoxyresorufin to the fluorescent product resorufin by the enzyme 25 ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) enables researchers to rapidly measure the 26 upregulation of this protein in response to exposure to a range of organic contaminants 27 e.g. PAH, PCBs. The EROD activity assay has been widely used to examine the effects of 28 such pollutants on fish taxa in both laboratory and field studies. This review is intended to 29 provide fundamental information for researchers using this EROD activity as an endpoint, 30 including methods used in the assay, the species studied to date, the background EROD 31 levels which would be expected for these species and when available, the EROD activity 32 induction potential for these species. While the focus in on Australian studies, many 33 species listed in this review have a worldwide distribution and the information presented 34 may be extend to other bioindicator fish species. Common shortfalls in the published 35 literature leads to recommendations: it is recommended to have multiple laboratory 36 control or field reference groups as basal EROD activity might vary with biotic and/or 37 abiotic factors.
    [Show full text]
  • Euryhaline Fishes: Volume 32 Copyright R 2013 Elsevier Inc
    9 EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS: HYPERSALINE, ALKALINE, AND ION-POOR WATERS COLIN J. BRAUNER RICHARD J. GONZALEZ JONATHAN M. WILSON 1. Introduction 2. Hypersaline Waters 2.1. Environmental Characteristics of Hypersaline Waters 2.2. Fishes that Inhabit Hypersaline Waters 2.3. Physiological Challenges of Hypersaline Waters 2.4. The Physiology of Hypersaline-Tolerant Fishes 2.5. Life on the Edge: Fish Population Dynamics in Hypersaline Environments 3. Alkaline Lakes 3.1. Environmental Characteristics of Alkaline Lakes 3.2. Fish Species that Reside in Alkaline Lakes 3.3. Physiological Challenges of Alkaline Lakes 4. Ion-Poor Waters 4.1. Environmental Characteristics of Ion-Poor Waters 4.2. Physiological Challenges in Ion-Poor Waters 5. Conclusions and Perspectives The physiological mechanisms required for fish to live in freshwater and seawater are well described for some species and are the same mechanisms exploited in amphihaline species that migrate between freshwater and seawater. Many fish not only tolerate, but can acclimate and adapt to conditions outside conventional freshwater and seawater conditions, specifically salinities greater than seawater, alkaline waters (up to pH 10), and ion-poor waters. These environments exist around the globe and in many instances can support recreational and commercial fisheries. This chapter will describe the chemical characteristics of these water types, the physiological challenges associated with living in these extreme 435 Euryhaline Fishes: Volume 32 Copyright r 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved FISH PHYSIOLOGY DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-396951-4.00009-8 436 COLIN J. BRAUNER ET AL. environments, and the physiological solutions that permit fish not only to survive, but in some cases to thrive, in hypersaline, alkaline, and ion-poor waters.
    [Show full text]