Baron, Charles H., Professor of Law Emeritus. "Contributors." Scientific Freedom: An Anthology on Freedom of Scientific Research. Ed. Simona Giordano, John Coggon and . London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2012. ix–xvi. Science, Ethics and Society. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 27 Sep. 2021. <>.

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Copyright © Simona Giordano, John Coggon and Marco Cappato 2012. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. Contributors

Charles H. Baron, Professor of Law Emeritus, Boston College Law School. Professor Baron has taught, lectured, and done research in the fi elds of Law and Bioethics and Constitutional Law at several schools in the United States and abroad. He is the author of many articles in those fi elds, as well as the author of Droit Constitutionnel et Bioéthique: L’Éxperience Américaine (Paris: Economica, 1997) and co-editor of The Use, Nonuse, Misuse of Social Science Research in the Courts (Cambridge: Abt Books, 1980).

Emma Bonino, Minister for International Trade and European Affairs of the Italian government and Leader of the Transnational . Ms Bonino was elected seven times to the Italian Parliament and four times to the in Strasburg. She also served in as European Commissioner, responsible for Health & Consumer Protection, Fisheries and Humanitarian Affairs. Ms Bonino has represented in intergovernmental conferences and the European Union for electoral observers’ missions. Sensible to the freedom and determination of women, in 1975 she funded CISA, the information centre for abortion, and she has been the protagonist of the referendum campaign which has introduced, in Italy, legalized abortion. She is among the founders of the ONG’s ‘Non c’è Pace senza Giustizia ’ and ‘Nessuno Tocchi Caino ’. In 1997 she promoted the international campaign ‘Un fi ore per le Donne di Kabul ’ against women discrimination in Afghanistan. She is also among the promoters of the international campaign for the elimination of genital mutilation (MGF) and for the ratifi cation of the Maputo protocol of the African Union countries.

Michael Boylan , Professor of Philosophy, Marymount University, Arlington, Virginia, USA. Professor Boylan received his PhD from the University of Chicago. He is professor of philosophy at Marymount University. Boylan is the author or editor of twenty-fi ve books and 100 articles ranging from ethics and social/ political philosophy to the history and philosophy of science, and literature. His recent books include: Morality and Global Justice (2011), Philosophy: An Innovative Introduction (with Charles Johnson, 2010), The Good, The True, and the Beautiful (2008), A Just Society (2004), and Genetic Engineering (with Kevin E. Brown, 2002). He was a fellow at the Center for American Progress (2007–2009) and has lectured in nine countries around the world.

ix x CONTRIBUTORS

Marco Cappato is the Secretary of the Association for Freedom of Scientifi c Research since 2004 and former Member of the European Parliament (MEP), within the ALDE Group (Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe). Until July 2009, end of the former European legislature, he was Member of the Foreign Affairs, the Civil Liberties and Human Rights Committees. He was also Vice-President of the European Parliament Delegation for the Relations with the Mashrek Countries and EP Rapporteur on the Human Rights in the World for 2007. From June 1999 until July 2004 he had also served as MEP for the Lista Bonino . During his fi rst term of offi ce as MEP, Marco Cappato principally focused on the issue of ‘digital liberties’. He was Rapporteur for the Directive on Privacy in electronic Communications. Thanks to his work against proposals for a general surveillance on electronic communications he won the ‘European of the Year’ award from the weekly newspaper on European affairs European Voice . Cappato conceded the €5,000 award to the Luca Coscioni Association. Furthermore, he was nominated for the ‘Politician of the Year’ Award by the American magazine ‘Wired’. He was also Rapporteur on the decision concerning ‘attacks on the information systems’ and the ‘re-use of information detained by public administrations’. In 1997 and 1998 he was the head of the Transnational Radical Party at the in New York, where he engaged above all in the campaign for the institution of the International Criminal Court. From March to November 2002 he was President of the Board of the Transnational Radical Party. As the Secretary of the Luca Coscioni Association, he is responsible for the Operational Secretariat of the World Congress for Freedom of Scientifi c Research.

John Coggon, LLB (University of Sussex), PhD (Cardiff University). Research Fellow in Interdisciplinary Bioethics, Institute for Science, Ethics, and Innovation, School of Law, University of Manchester. John Coggon is a research fellow at the Institute for Science, Ethics, and Innovation, University of Manchester. His research focuses on issues in health law and ethics, particularly in relation to public health. He is author of the book What Makes Health Public? (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012).

Gilberto Corbellini, Professor of Bioethics and History of Medicine and Bioethics, Sapienza University of . Gilberto Corbellini is Professor of Bioethics and History of Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Sapienza University of Rome. Among his publications are Le grammatiche del vivente. Una storia della biologia e della medicina molecolare (Laterza 1997 e 1999), EBM. Medicina basata sull’evoluzione (Laterza, 2007), La razionalità negata. Psichiatria e antipsichiatria in Italia (con Giovanni Jervis, Bollati Boringhieri 2008) and CONTRIBUTORS xi

Perché gli scienziati non sono pericolosi. Scienza, etica e politica (Longanesi, 2009). In 2007 he co-edited with P. Donghi and M. Massarenti, Biblioetica (Einaudi) then staged by Luca Ronconi. A forthcoming book, entitled Science and democracy. A naturalistic approach will be published by Einaudi in 2011. He is co-director of the cultural-scientifi c journal ‘Darwin’ and he writes for the Sunday cultural supplement of Il Sole 24 Ore .

Sarah Devaney , PhD, Lecturer in Law, University of Manchester. Dr Devaney obtained her PhD entitled The Regulation of Innovation: Legal and Ethical Issues in Stem Cell Research in 2010. She has been exploring the issue of regulation of stem cell research for a number of years, focusing on the property status of the human tissues used and the regulatory approaches which are best suited to both facilitate and appropriately control such work. In this area she has published the following: ‘Regulate to Innovate: Principles-Based Regulation of Stem Cell Research’ (2011) Medical Law International 11(1) (forthcoming). ‘Tissue Providers for Stem Cell Research: The Dispossessed’, (2010) Law, Innovation and Technology , 2(2) 165–192. ‘Breaches in Good Regulatory Practice – the HFEA Policy on Compensated Egg Sharing for Stem Cell Research’ Clinical Ethics 3(1) (2008) 20–24. ‘Achieving Consensus on International Ethical Oversight of Stem Cell Research’ (2007) Asian Journal of WTO & International Health Law and Policy 2: 457–472. Finally, with Leanne Bell ‘The Future Regulation of Stem Cells in the UK’ (2007) Journal of Medical Ethics (editorial) 33: 621–622.

Carl Djerassi, writer and professor emeritus of chemistry at Stanford University. Author of over 1,200 scientifi c publications and seven monographs, Djerassi has also written fi ve novels (Cantor’s Dilemma; The Bourbaki Gambit; Marx, deceased; Menachem’s Seed; NO), short stories (The Futurist and Other Stories ), poetry ( A Diary of Pique ), two autobiographies ( Steroids Made It Possible; The Pill, Pygmy Chimps, and Degas’ Horse ), a memoir (This Man’s Pill ), a docudrama (Four Jews on Parnassus) and eight plays (An Immaculate Misconception , Oxygen (with Roald Hoffmann), Calculus, Ego, Phallacy, Taboos, Foreplay, and Insuffi ciency ). A member of the National Academy of Sciences, the Royal Society, the Leopoldina, and other foreign academies, he is the only American chemist to have been awarded both the National Medal of Science (for the fi rst synthesis of a steroid oral contraceptive) and the National Medal of Technology. He is the recipient of 27 hon. doctorates and numerous honors, among them the fi rst Wolf Prize in Chemistry (1978), the American Chemical Society’s Priestley Medal (1992), the “Österreichische Ehrenkreuz für Wissenschaft und Kunst” (1999), the “Grosse Verdienstkreuz der Bundesrepublik Deutschland” (2003), the Erasmus Medal of the Academia Europeae (2003), the Serono Prize for Literature (Rome, 2005) and the Great Silver Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria (2008). In 2005, the xii CONTRIBUTORS

Austrian Post Offi ce issued a stamp in his honor. He is the founder of the Djerassi Resident Artists Program near Woodside, California, which since its inception has provided residencies and studio space for over 2,000 artists in the visual arts, literature, choreography, and music. (There is a website about Carl Djerassi’s writing at http://www.djerassi.com.)

Jim Falk, Professorial Fellow, The University of Melbourne. Jim Falk is a Professorial Fellow at the University of Melbourne, a Visting Professor to the United Nations University Institute of Advanced Studies (Yokohama), a Visiting Professor at Latrobe University, and an Emeritus Professor at the University of Wollongong. He is also a Director of the Association of Pacifi c Rim Universities Climate Adaptation and Mitigation Research Program. A theoretical quantum physicist by PhD he has specialized for the last forty years in studying the nature, impact, dynamics and management of science and technology in their social contexts. His most recent books (with Joseph Camilleri) are Worlds in Transition: Evolving Governance Across a Stressed Planet , Edward Elgar, UK, 2009; and The End of Sovereignty: The politics of a shrinking and fragmenting world , Edward Elgar, UK, 1992. Other books include The Greenhouse Challenge: What is to be done? , Penguin, Australia, 1989; Taking Australia Off the Map: Facing the Threat of Nuclear War , Penguin, Australia, 1983; and Global Fission: The Battle over Nuclear Power , Oxford University Press, Australia, 1982.

Dr Simona Giordano, Reader in Bioethics, University of Manchester. Dr Giordano is the author of Understanding Eating Disorders , Oxford University Press, 2005, of Eating Disorders and Exercise, an Ethical and Legal Analysis , Routledge, 2010, and of Children with Gender Identity Disorders , Routledge, 2012. She was Marie Curie Fellow in Bioethics at the Centre for Social Ethics and Policy at the University of Manchester. She has published various articles on themes such as psychiatric ethics, anorexia and bulimia, resource allocation, assisted fertilization, palliative care, child abandonment, and transgenderism in children and adolescents.

Søren Holm is Professor of Bioethics at the University of Manchester, as well as Professor of Medical Ethics at the Section for Medical Ethics at the University of Oslo, Norway. He holds degrees in medicine, philosophy, and health care ethics, and two doctoral degrees in medical ethics. He began his career as an experimental neurophysiologist before moving to bioethics and philosophy of medicine and he has written more than 160 papers including a number on the role of religion and other comprehensive worldviews in the regulation of the biosciences. He is a current member of the Nuffi eld Council on Bioethics and a former member of the Danish Council of Ethics. CONTRIBUTORS xiii

Luca Belelli Marchesini, Post Doctoral Fellow, Department of Forest Environment and Resources, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy. Belelli Marchesini graduated in 2002 in Forest Sciences at the University of Tuscia where he obtained a PhD in Forest Ecology in 2007. His scientifi c interest has focused on biogeochemical cycles with particular attention on the exchanges of carbon dioxide between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. Since 1999 he has participated in research activities in Italy, Russia, Ukraine and Spain under the framework of international and national projects. His expertise includes project design and development of methodologies for carbon sequestration projects under the UNFCCC in various countries (Ukraine, Montenegro, and Argentina). Since 2007 he has been a Post-Doc at the Laboratory of Forest Ecology at the University of Tuscia. He authored more than 40 papers including peer-reviewed journals and proceedings at international level, as well as 2 monographs.

Malcolm Oswald, PhD student in Bioethics and Medical Jurisprudence, University of Manchester. Malcolm Oswald’s academic background is in bioethics, law and economics. His thirty years’ work for the NHS in England and Scotland includes experience of policy development, cost-benefi t analysis of public projects, and consulting experts and the public on ethical issues constraining scientifi c freedom.

Lucio Piccirillo, Professor of Radio Astronomy Technology, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester. Professor Piccirillo is the Director of the Jodrell Bank Observatory in Cheshire (UK). His main fi eld of research is the development of astronomical instrumentation for astrophysics and cosmology. He is the author of more than 100 publications.

Amedeo Santosuosso, Professor of Law at the University of Pavia. He was Professor of Law at the University of and Judge at the Court of Milan (1978–2004). In 2004 he was appointed Judge at the Milan Court of Appeal. He is President of the Interdepartmental Centre of the University of Pavia European Centre for Life Sciences, Health and the Courts (which is acting as provisional headquarters and main promoter of the European Network for Life Sciences, Health and the Courts , ENLSC). Since 1997 he has cooperated with the Scientifi c Committee of the Italian Consiglio Superiore della Magistratura (The Supreme Council of the Judiciary). He is author of the project on ‘Education in Bioethics’, approved by the Consiglio Superiore della Magistratura (November 1998). Santosuosso has been member of the Commission on Hydration and Nutrition in PVS patients , and of the Commission on Transplants from living donors , both set up by the Minister of Health in 2000 and 2001. He is member of the Ministerial Commission xiv CONTRIBUTORS on End of Life Decisions (Minister of Health). Santosuosso is author of Corpo e libertà. Una storia tra diritto e scienza (Body and Freedom, a history between law and science) , Raffaello Cortina Editore, Milano 2001; Bioethical Matters and the Courts: do Judges Make Law? , Notizie di Politeia, n.65/2002 and main author of the edition, Science, Law and the Courts in Europe , Ibis, Como-Pavia (I), 2004. He is also author of several articles published in international journals, on law and bioethics. Santosuosso is currently working on the worldwide law-making process in the fi eld of scientifi c applications on human beings.

Elisabetta Sirgiovanni , Research Fellow in Neuroethics, ISGI-CNR. Sirgiovanni is Research Fellow at ISGI-CNR Rome and Fellow in Bioethics and History of Medicine at the faculty of medicine of the Sapienza University of Rome. After an MA in Philosophy and History of Science, she took a PhD in Cognitive Science at the University of Siena in 2009. In 2007 she spent the Winter Term as Honorary Research Fellow at the Department of Philosophy at University of Birmingham (UK). She worked as a translator of philosophical and medical papers for Quodlibet Publishing in 2005–2006 and for the Scientifi c Review ‘ Medicina delle Tossicodipendenze ’ in 2008. She published book chapters, articles, book reviews and commentaries in the philosophy of mind and psychiatry, especially on psychiatric taxonomy debate, delusions and neuroethics from a cognitive perspective. She is now working on forensic psychiatry, neuroethics, and neuroscience in the media.

John Sulston is a Fellow of the Royal Society and an Honorary Fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge, and the Chair of the Institute for Science, Ethics and Innovation (iSEI), which was established at the University of Manchester with the mission to observe and analyse the role and responsibilities of science and innovation. John Sulston was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2002 jointly with Sydney Brenner and Bob Horvitz, for the work they had done in understanding the development of the nematode (worm) Caenorhabditis elegans . For more than twenty years, John worked on the biology of C. elegans , studying particularly its cell lineage and its genome. Collaboration between his group and that of Bob Waterston in St Louis, Missouri resulted in the publication of the nematode DNA sequence in 1998. John was the Founder Director of the Wellcome Trust Sanger Centre from 1992 to 2000, where one third of the task to sequence the human genome was completed. In 2002 he co-authored with Georgina Ferry The Common Thread , an account of the science, politics and ethics of the human genome project. CONTRIBUTORS xv

Lord Dick Taverne, Member of the House of Lords and former Treasury Minister. Dick Taverne is a member of the House of Lords and a former Treasury Minister who now concentrates on science policy. In 2001 he founded Sense About Science, a charity which promotes respect for evidence in the discussion of science issues. He is the author of The March of Unreason – Science, Democracy and the New Fundamentalism (OUP 2005). In 2006 the Association of British Science Writers voted him ‘Parliamentary Science Communicator of the Year’.

Lewis Wolpert, Emeritus Professor, Cell and Developmental Biology, University College, London. Professor Wolpert’s publications include The Unnatural Nature of Science , Faber, 1992; Principles of Development with C. Tickle, OUP, 2011; Positional information and patterning revisited, Journal of Theoretical Biology 269, 2011, 359–365; The public’s belief about biology. Biochem Soc Trans. 2007, 35:37–40, and Six impossible things before breakfast – the evolutionary origins of belief , Faber, 2006. This page intentionally left blank