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Eleven Species of Liverworts As New Distributional Records to Bryoflora Andhra Pradesh, India

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Eleven Species of Liverworts As New Distributional Records to Bryoflora Andhra Pradesh, India Bioscience Discovery, 11(3):111-120, July - 2020 © RUT Printer and Publisher Print & Online available on https://jbsd.in ISSN: 2229-3469 (Print); ISSN: 2231-024X (Online) Research Article Eleven species of liverworts as new distributional records to Bryoflora Andhra Pradesh, India. Ananthaneni Sreenath and Boyina Ravi Prasad Rao Biodiversity Conservation Division, Department of Botany, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuramu -515003, Andhra Pradesh. E-mail: [email protected] Article Info Abstract Received: 05-04-2020 Eleven species of liverworts viz., Asterella khasiana (Griff.) Grolle., Revised: 10-06-2020 Plagiochasma cordatum Lehm. & Lindenb., Plagiochasma intermedium Accepted: 18-06-2020 Lindend & Gottsche, Riccia frostii Austin, Riccia poihaniana A.E.D. Daniels Keywords: Eleven Species, & P. Daniel, Riccia sporocarpa Bisch. Riccia stricta (Gottsche, Lindenb. & Liverworts, New records, Nees) Perold, Riccia velimalaiana A.E.D. Daniels & P. Daniel, Andhra Pradesh Riccardia levieri Schiffner., Riccardia tenuicostata Schiffn. and Riccardia villosa (Stephani) S.C. Srivast. & Udar, are collected from different forest tracts of Eastern Ghats in Andhra Pradesh, are being new distributional records the state. INTRODUCTION: Plagiochasma intermedium Lindend & Gottsche, Andhra Pradesh is the seventh largest state Riccia frostii Austin, Riccia poihaniana A.E.D. in Indian union, it covers an area about 162, 970 sq. Daniels & P. Daniel, Riccia sporocarpa Bisch. kilometers and lies between 12°37ʹ and 19° 25ʹ Riccia stricta (Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees) Perold, Northern latitude and 76° 45ʹ and 84° 72ʹ Eastern Riccia velimalaiana A.E.D. Daniels & P. Daniel, longitude (Map 1). The state comprises 13 districts, Riccardia levieri Schiffner., Riccardia tenuicostata there are two areas namely called Rayalaseema and Schiffn. and Riccardia villosa (Stephani) S.C. Costal Andhra. The state is having about 17.86 Srivast. & Udar. Perusal of previously published percentage of forest cover (FSI, 2019), major portion literature (Rao et al., 1999; Bapna & Kachroo 2000; of Eastern Ghats hill ranges, it is also having Sowghandika, 2010; Dandotiya et al., 2011; Sandhya different types of vegetation’s, nearly more than 180 Rani et al., 2011a & 2011b; Sowghandhika et al., waterfalls (seasonal and perennial) and different 2011; Sandhya Rani et al., 2012; Sandhya Rani et al., types of altitudinal variations from sea level to 1680 2014; Sreenath & Ravi Prasad Rao 2019; Asthana & meters of above mean sea level. Srivastava 2020; Sreenath & Ravi Prasad Rao 2020; Part of bryophyte inventory during 2016 to 2019, we Sreenath et al., 2020 and Asthana & Srivastava 2020) could collect curious bryophytes specimens from revealed that above mentioned species are nowhere forest tracks of Eastern Ghats hill ranges in different recorded in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Hence the localities and different districts of the state of Andhra present collection forms are new distributional Pradesh. After critical examination of the specimens records to the state, and the present report adds ten identified belongs to Asterella khasiana (Griff.) more liverwort species to Bryoflora of Andhra Grolle., Plagiochasma cordatum Lehm. & Lindenb., Pradesh, India. https://biosciencediscovery.com 111 ISSN: 2231-024X (Online) Ananthaneni Sreenath and Boyina Ravi Prasad Rao MATERIALS AND METHODS or two rows in cross section, air chambers empty; Extensive field explorations were conducted pores bounded by 3 – 4 concentric rings, with 6 or 7 during 2016 – 2019. All the bryophyte specimens cells in each. ventral Scales purple with appendages; were collected with research curiosity. The male receptacles behind the stalk of female corticolous plant material was collected by using receptacles, stalk with scales and one rhizoidal sharp edged knife and terrestrial specimens were furrow, female receptacles terminal on the main scraped by using manually bent and sharped flat thallus. Spores yellowish, winged, ovoid to rounded, spoon. The collected specimens were placed in zip 80 – 90 µm in diameter. Elaters bi-spiral, 200 – 250 lock polythene cover with labeled field number. µm long. Field observations were recorded in the field notes Habitat and ecology: Found as terrestrial on soil and live photographs were taken using DSLR- covered rock substratum near deep shady places in Camera (Nikon D3300). Collected material brought semi moist deciduous forest, associated with to the laboratory, made it air dried at room Fissidens jungermanniodis and acrocarpous mosses. temperature and preserved them in brown paper Specimens examined: NLR district, Penchalakona packets (12 × 18 cm) with detailed label (10 × 17cm). top hills, 07 February 2017 52273B, SKU, BR & AS; Critical examination of the specimens was done by PKS district, Rollapenta Waterfall, 24 October 2017, using temporary slides and plant parts were separated 53621, 53622A, SKU, BR & AS; NLR District, by using micro forceps (Varin) VR-15 curved, VR- Penchalakona top hills, 13 November 2018, 55276, 11 straight with fine sharp edges. Slides were SKU, AS; EG district, Near Amruthadara waterfall, observed under light microscope (Olympus CH20i), 22 November 2018, 55818, SKU, AS; Papikondalu light stereo microscope (Olympus SZ61) and micro National Park, near Vaali and Sugreevula temple, 22 measurements were taken by using ocular micro November 2018, 55832C, SKU, AS. meter (ERMA) 19 mm, 100 segments in 1 cm. Distribution: Photographs were taken by using Moto g3 turbo and Plagiochasma cordatum Lehm. & Lindenb., Samsung on6 equipped with 13 MP camera with 4x Lehmann, Nov. Strip. Pug. 4: 13. 1832. S. wide digital zoom, different dimensions were Chantanaorrapint & K. Sridith, Crytogamie, measured and identification of the specimens by Bryologie, 35 (2): 127 – 132. 2014. using standard floras. Descriptions, Habitat & Plants found as terrestrial on soil covered Ecology, Voucher specimens’ information, field rock substratum, thallus incomplete rosettes or photographs were provided for the species. Voucher overlapping patches, simple or once furcately specimens are deposited in Sri Krishnadevaraya branched, thalli segments 3.5 – 5.5 × 20 – 30 mm, University Bryophyte Herbarium (SKU) yellowish green to dark green dorsally, smooth and Ananthapuramu. Abbreviated names used for the faintly areolate; purple ventrally and margins, collectors are: AS (Ananthaneni Sreenath) and BR slightly undulate; apical and lateral adventitious (Boyina Ravi Prasad Rao). branches frequently, generally heart-shaped. Epidermal cells with medium trigones. Epidermal RESULTS AND DISCUSSION pores simple, raised above epidermis, bounded by 2 Technical descriptions: -3 concentric rings of 5 – 8 cells. Ventral scales Asterella khasiana (Griff.) Grolle. Ergebn. Forsch. purple, margin slightly dentate; appendages 2, rarely Unter. Nepal Himalaya 1 (4): 267. 1966; Bapna & 3, narrowly triangular, acuminate, purplish, not Kachroo, Hepatic. India 2: 406. 2000; Octoskepos constricted at base; margins irregularly dentate. khasyanum Griff., Notul. Plant Asiat. 2: 343. 1849; Monoicous. Male receptacle sessile, horse shoe- Fimbriaria khasyana (Griff.) Mitt., J. Proc. Linn. shaped, dorsal at the apical region, of adventitious Soc. 5: 126. 1861; Steph. Sp. Hepat. 1. 118. 1900; branch, Archegoniophore dorsal at apical region of Manju. Eco-systematic studies on bryophytes of the thallus or adventitious branches; stalk very short, Wayanad, Kerala. 65. 2005. 0.5 – 1 mm long; receptacle 2 – 3 lobed; dorsal Plants found as terrestrial on moist soil, surface nearly smooth. Sporophyte with a very short thallus forming as irregular and incomplete rosettes seta; capsule ovoid, 0.5 mm in diameter. Spores or gregarious patches, thalli yellowish-green to light yellowish-brown to dark brown, triangular to green, thalli segments, unbranched or 1 -2 rounded, 95 - 110 µm in diameter, tetrahedral, more dichotomously, furcately branched, 1 – 1.5 cm × 2 – or less forming incomplete reticulations Elaters 4 mm, thin, delicate, margin wavy, air chambers in 1 https://jbsd.in 112 ISSN: 2229-3469 (Print) Bioscience Discovery, 11(3):111-120, July - 2020 yellowish-brown, usually devoid of spirals 250 – 300 Habitat and ecology: Found as terrestrial on soil µm long. covered rock substratum, in semi moist deciduous Habitat and ecology: Found as terrestrial on soil forest, mostly monodominant plants, sometimes covered rock substratum near shade of other rock in associated with Pohlia flexuosa (Bryaceae) and other high altitudinal hills, associated with Asterella acrocarpous mosses. wallichana (Aytoniaceae) and other acrocarpous Specimens examined: India, Andhra Pradesh, mosses. Prakasam district, Nallamalais, Bairavakona, 30 Specimens examined: CTR district, Horsley hills, November 2019, 57027 & 57029B, SKU, AS. 23 August 2016, 51619, SKU, BR & AS. Distribution: World: China, Guatemalla, Japan, Distribution: World: A Sino-Himalayan Species Korea, Manchuria, Mexico, Philippines, Taiwan and Distributed in Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, Nepal India: Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, and India: Himalayas and Tamil Nadu. Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Panjab, Rajasthan, Plagiochasma intermedium Lindend & Gottsche. in Shimla, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal Gott., Lindenb. & Nees, Syn. Hep. 513: 1846; Steph., Riccia frostii Austin, Torrey Bull. Bot. Club 6: 17. Mem. Herb. Boiss. 79. 1898; Evens. Bull. Torrey 1875; Black, Ann. Bot. 27: 511. 1913; Pande & Udar, bot. Cl. 42: 301. 1915; Karh., Liverw. W. Himalayas J. Indian Bot. Soc.
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