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Position Taxinomique Des Fringillides. Nomenclature POSITION TAXINOMIQUE DES FRINGILLIDES. NOMENCLATURE SCIENTIFIQUE. GLOSSAIRE DES NOMS FRANÇAIS, ANGLAIS, AMÉRICAINS, ALLEMANDS, NEERLANDAIS, FLAMANDS, ESPAGNOLS, ITALIENS. NOMS LOCAUX ET RÉGIONAUX. LEUR RÉPARTITION SOMMAIRE. LEXIQUE DES NOMS FRANÇAIS ET ANGLAIS. Par Marcel RUELLE. Verlaine en Hesbaye Liégeoise. Mise à jour et corrections au 14/06/2008. 1 POSITION TAXONOMIQUE DES FRINGILLIDES. NOMENCLATURE SCIENTIFIQUE. GLOSSAIRE DES NOMS FRANCAIS ADMIS OU PROPOSES AVEC LEURS CORRESPONDANTS ANGLAIS, AMERICAINS, ALLEMANDS, NEERLANDAIS, FLAMANDS, ESPAGNOLS, ITALIENS OU LOCAUX. REPARTITION SOMMAIRE. Par Marcel RUELLE. Les quelque 148 espèces de Fringillidés, dont 3 Fringillinés et près de 145 Carduelinés, sont classées alphabétiquement d'après leur nom scientifique admis par les instances internationales. Viennent ensuite la taxonomie de leurs différentes sous-espèces, en italique, puis, dans l'ordre les noms français généralement admis, le cas échéant ceux que "je propose"; les noms correspondants anglais, américains, allemands, néerlandais, flamands, espagnols, italiens ainsi que certains noms locaux. Les noms entre guillements sont ceux proposés, d'usage parfois courant, voire local, mais non admis par les conventions internationales de taxonomie. La sous-espèce nominale est reprise en premier lieu sous son nom scientifique binominal. Les sous-espèces viennent ensuite sous leur nom trinominal ainsi que l'exigent les conventions et la classification moderne. La nomenclature des noms et la taxonomie sont basées sur les oeuvres de Clement et al. (1993; 1996); Clements (1981; 2000); Devillers et Ouellet (1993); Gruson (1956); Howard & Moore (1991); Monroe & Sibley (1993); Peters (1934-1951); Ruelle (1986, 1988, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1995, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2005); Schönwetter (1983); Vaurie (1956, 1959), Wells (1998); (Wolters (1975): Dickinson (2003); Natale & Pidalà (2004) ainsi que d'autres travaux repris dans la bibliographie générale. Pour les noms français, j'ai privilégié les travaux de Devillers et Ouellet, au sein de la Commission internationale des noms français des oiseaux, dont j'ai suivi la taxonomie propre au genre Serinus mais j'ai tenu compte des noms français employés dans les avifaunes françaises, quelles soient nationales ou régionales mais également celles du Québec et du Canada. Les noms espagnols ont reçu l'aval de la C.O.M. Espagne mais j'ai largement tenu compte des noms espagnols qu'ils soient castillans, galiciens, basques, catalans, majorquins, minorquins, canariens. Les noms italiens sont ceux de la Federazione Ornicoltori Italiani, ou C.O.M. Italie mais également ceux repris dans les avifaunes nationales et régionales d'Italie et dans les oeuvres de mes confrères italiens Renzo Esuperanzi (1996) et Daniele Scarpa (1998). Pour les noms allemands, j'ai eu recours aux oeuvres de Classen & Massoth (1992, 1994) et de Renate Van den Elzen (1983) mais j'ai aussi tenu compte des noms allemands des avifaunes nationales et régionales des pays germanophones. Les noms néerlandais et flamands sont ceux des avifaunes nationales et régionales mais j'ai largement tenu compte des noms néerlandais et flamands repris dans les revues Le Monde des Oiseaux; le Monde des Oiseaux Européens; De Europese Vogelwereld; De Witte Spreeuwen; Onze Vogels. Pour les noms français, j'ai aussi consulté les travaux publiés dans les revues Les Oiseaux du Monde; Les Oiseaux; le Journal des Oiseaux; l'Ornithologue; Nos Oiseaux; Alauda, L'Oiseau et la Revue Française d'Ornithologie ainsi que les principales revues régionales françaises. 2 Pour la synonymie générale des noms, j'ai largement puisé dans mes propres oeuvres (1986-1999) dans lesquels j'ai consacré une étude exhaustive à la synonymie des espèces étudiées, les Becroisés, les Pinsons; les Sizerins; les Bouvreuils; les Chardonnerets; les Tarins; les Verdiers; les Gros-becs; les Serins. Enfin, les noms américains et anglais sont ceux de l'American Ornitholgists' Union et ceux de la British Ornithologist's Union mais j'ai tenu compte des nombreuses oeuvres tant nationales que régionales d'Amérique du Nord et des pays de langue anglaise (Royaume Uni, Canada en partie, Australie, Nouvelle-Zélande). Pour rappel, pas mal de Fringilles ont été introduits avec succès dans ces deux derniers pays et ont acquis de ce fait des noms locaux. Pour les noms espagnols et les noms locaux propres à l'Amérique centrale et du Sud, j'ai consulté, à profit, me semble-t-il, les nombreux travaux parus tant en anglais qu'espagnol, sur ces immenses territoires et plus particulièrement l'oeuvre de Ridgely & Tudor (1989) The Birds of South America. Je ne reprends dans ma bibliographie que les principaux travaux dont j'ai fait usage pour ne pas alourdir démesurément le texte de cette petite brochure. Toutefois, pour les lecteurs intéressés, je le reporte volontiers à ma bibliographie en cours sur les Fringilles, Moineaux, Bruants, laquelle comporte actuellement plus de 9.500 titres et fera l'objet, je l'espère, d'une publication séparée avec des index analytiques et spécifiques. Que les auteurs cités dans cette bibliographie sachent cependant qu'ils ont droit à toute ma gratitude et à mon respect. J'attire l'attention de mon lecteur sur la position taxonomique des diverses espèces et sous-espèces. C'est ainsi que certaines espèces se voient rétrograder au rang de sous-espèces. Par contre, certaines formes ou sous-espèces sont élevées au rang d'espèces. Pour la classification j'ai tenu compte des travaux des auteurs cités plus haut mais plus spécialement ceux de Vaurie (1956, 1959); Voous (1977) et plus récemment ceux de Devillers et Ouellet (1993). Ainsi, j'ai adopté leur position visant à regrouper les anciens genres en genres plus larges. C'est ainsi que Crithagra, Ochrospiza, Dendrospiza, Poliospiza, genres étroits désignant les Serins, sont désormais regroupés en un seul genre large Serinus. De même, les anciens genres Spinus, Chloris, Astragalinus, Acanthis, Pseudacanthis... rentrent désormais dans le seul genre Carduelis. D'autre part, les anciens genres des Gros-becs Mycerobas, Hesperiphona, Eophona sont désormais englobés dans le seul genre Coccothraustes. J'ai également consulté les travaux de Michel Desfayes Révision Générique des Carduelidés et ai de ce fait suivi la position taxonomique des systématiciens modernes. Cette prise de position taxonomique, adoptée dans mon Projet de position taxonomique des Fringillidés, Nomenclature scientifique. Glossaire ds noms français et étrangers, publié dès 1992 dans l'Ornithologue et plus tôt encore dans le Journal des Oiseaux, a fait l'objet d'une confirmation dans l'oeuvre récente de Monroe et Sibley, A World Checklist of Birds (1993), d'après leurs travaux sur l'A.D.N., Phylogeny and classification of birds: a study in molecular evolution (1991, Yale University Press). Ces auteurs ont basé leurs travaux sur une méthode (la réplication ADN-ADN) de nature à définir le degré d'affinité génétique entre l'ADN des 3 différentes espèces, et de ce fait, mieux comprendre les relations existant entre les familles. A titre documentaire, leur classification attribue à la famille des Fringillidae trois sous-familles les Peucedraminae, Fringillinae, Emberizinae. La grande sous-famille des Fringillinae est elle-même divisée en trois tribus, les Fringillini (les trois Pinsons); les Carduelini (Chardonnerets, Tarins, Roselins, Bouvreuils, Serins, Bec- croisés, Roselins....) et enfin celle des Drepanidini (Psittirostres, Amakihis, Grimpeurs...), soit plusieurs centaines d'espèces de Chardonnerets, Tarins, Serins, Pinsons, Roselins mais aussi les Parulines, Cardinaux, Bruants, Juncos, Orioles, Carouges, Vachers...propres tant au Nouveau Monde qu'à l'Ancien. A titre d'exemplaire, Monroe et Sibley confèrent au seul genre Serinus quelque 46 espèces pour 48 dans ma propre monographie sur les Serins. La présente étude ne se veut ni complète ni exempte d'erreurs ou d'omissions, voire d'erreurs d'interprétation. Elle se veut avant tout une aide pour le lecteur qui, à partir du nom scientifique, veut retrouver son correspondant en anglais, américain, néerlandais, flamand, espagnol, italien. Je serais vivement obligé envers le lecteur qui me fera parvenir ses commentaires, voire ...ses critiques, ses remarques et l'en remercie vivement d'avance. Ce 21 janvier 2000 pour l'édition originale. Nomenclature et position taxonomique des quelque 144 espèces de Fringilles repris par ordre alphabétique de leur nom scientifique. Leur répartition sommaire. Callacanthis burtoni Français: Callacanthis à sourcils rouges; Roselin à sourcils rouges. Anglais: Red-browed Finch; Spectacled Finch. Allemand: Rode Wenkbrauwvink; Roodbrauwvink. Néerlandais: Flamand: Rode Wenkbrauwvink; Roodbrauwvink. Espagnol: Roselin de Burton. Italien: Fanello rosata di Burton. Noms locaux: Répartition: Nord-ouest du Pakistan; le long de l'Himalaya jusqu'au Sikkim. Localisé dans l'Uttar Pradesh et en Inde. Carduelis ambigua ambigua Carduelis ambigua taylori Français: Verdier à tête noire ou Verdier d'Oustalet ou Verdier du Yunnan pour la forma nominale ambigua; Verdier du Tibet pour la sous-espèce taylori. Anglais: Oustalet's Black-headed Greenfinch; Black-headed Greenfinch; Yunnan Black-headed Greenfinch; Yunnan Greenfinch; Oustalet's Greenfinch; Tibetan Greenfinch. Allemand: Scharzkopfgrünling 4 Néerlandais: Zwartkop-Groenvink; Zwartkop-Groenling; Zwartkopgroenvink. Flamand: Zwartkopgroenvink; Zwartkop groenling; Zwartkop chinese groenling. Espagnol: Jilguero de cabeza negra. Italien: Verdone di Cina Testa Nera. Verdone testa
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