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IWRA India Journal ISSN : 2277-1298 (Print) ISSN : 2277-1301 (Online) IWRA (India) IWRA JOURNAL Half Yearly Technical Journal of Indian Geographical Committee of IWRA Vol. 8 = No. 2 = July 2019 ABOUT JOURNAL Water is among the most precious gifts of the nature to mankind. Benign and life supporting in normal times, menacing during floods, and desperately sought in times of drought, the waters of the rivers, aquifers, springs, lakes, etc., have been part of our daily life. However, with the growing requirements of water for diverse purposes, water is becoming a critical and scarce natural resource and can not be regarded as available in abundance as might had been believed earlier. It is widely recognized that many countries are entering into era of severe water shortage. The increase is not only due to population growth but also due to improved life style of the people. The dramatic expansion of urbanized areas, which has been witnessed over the last few decades is likely to continue in most countries of the world. Such, often unplanned, growth leading to the emergence of conurbation and mega cities, poses a threat to both the availability and quality of surface and groundwater resources. These threats are both unprecedented and of immense scale when viewed from political, social and economic perspectives. The aim of the journal is to provide latest information in regard to developments taking place in the field of water resources, besides making aware the readers about the activities being carried out in the field of Water Resources, worldwide, such as technical papers, R&D Activities, and information regarding conferences, training programmes and important news. EDITORIAL BOARD • Prof. Ngai Weng Chan, Former Vice President, IWRA, and Professor, School of Humanities, University Sains, MALAYSIA • Mr. M. Gopalakrishnan, Hon. Secretary General, International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, INDIA • Prof. A.K. Gosain, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, INDIA • Dr. Naim Haie, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, PORTUGAL • Prof. S.K. Mazumder, Former Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Delhi College of Engineering (now Delhi Technological University), INDIA • Dr. T.B.S. Rajput, Emeritus Professor, Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, INDIA • Mr. Tom Soo, Former Executive Director, International Water Resources Association • Dr. Cecilia Tortajada, Past President, IWRA, and Vice President, Third World Center for Water Management, MEXICO INDIAN GEOGRAPHICAL COMMITTEE OF IWRA IWRA (India) Journal Volume 8, No. 2 July 2019 CONTENTS Page No. FROM Editor’S DESK Articles • Physicochemical Analysis and Economic Evaluation of Lake Ecosystem - A Case Study of Lake System in Walajah Taluk, Vellore (India) – Gokul Raghavendra Srinivasan and Shalini Palani 3 • Rainfall Runoff Estimation using SCS Model and ARCGIS for Micro Watershed in Cuddalore District – Eshanthini P. and Samuel Simron J. 8 • Optimal Operation Study of Reservoir System Using Optimization and Simulation Techniques - A Case Study of Uduthorehalla Reservoir in India – A.S. Parlikar, P.D. Dahe, Kalpeshkumar and M. Sharma 13 • Sedimentation and Flushing Operation of Pandoh Reservoir – Dr. Gulab Singh Narwal and J.P. Gupta 18 • Chemical Analysis of Surface Water Quality of River Noyyal Connected Tank in Tirupur District, Tamil Nadu, India – M. Jeyaraj, V. Mahalingam, A. Indhuleka, P. Sennu, Mon-Shu Ho and Alireza Heidari 23 • Application of Constructed Wetlands for Different Wastewater Treatment in Tropical Regions : A Review – Tofeeq Aalam 29 • Long Term Management Plan for Pollutant Mass Reduction by Variable Withdrawal Rates in a Confined Aquifer – Preetu Chandra, Ramansh Bajpai and Deepesh Singh 39 • Artificial Intelligence (AI) - Based Reverse Osmosis Water Desalination Models – Nusrat Parveen, Sadaf Zaidi and Mohammad Danish 44 • Economic Feasibility Study of Horticultural Wastes for Chromium Adsorption from Tannery Wastewater – Pushpendra Kumar Sharma and Sohail Ayub 51 • Identification of Groundwater Potential Recharge Zones Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System: Tiruppur District, Tamil Nadu – Alpana Gupta and Govind M.P. 59 Activities of Indian Geographical Committee of IWRA 68 News 73 Editors • Mr. V.K. Kanjlia, Member Secretary, Indian Geographical Committee of IWRA & Secretary, Central Board of Irrigation and Power (CBIP) • Dr. G.P. Patel, Treasurer, Indian Geographical Committee of IWRA and Director, Central Board of Irrigation and Power (CBIP) Associate Editor • Mr. Uday Chander, Chief Manager, Central Board of Irrigation and Power (CBIP) All communications to be addressed to : The Member Secretary Indian Geographical Committee of IWRA, CBIP Building, Malcha Marg, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi 110 021 Subscription Information 2019/ (2 issues) Disclaimer : The opinions expressed in this journal are those of the authors. They do not purport to reflect the opinions or views of the Indian Institutional subscription (Print & Online) : Rs. 900/US$75 Geographical Committee of IWRA or its members. Reproduction of the Institutional subscription (Online Only) : Rs. 600/US$50 material contained in this journal may be made only with the written permission of the Publications Manager. Although every effort is made to Institutional subscription (Print Only) : Rs. 600/US$50 ensure the correctness of information submitted for publication, the journal may inadvertently contain technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Subscription for 10 Years (Print) : Rs. 5,000 Indian Geographical Committee of IWRA assumes no responsibility for errors Subscription for 10 Years (Print & Online) : Rs. 8,000 or omissions in this publication or other documents that are referenced by or linked to this publication. From the Editor’s Desk In response to the concern that the planet’s freshwater resources are coming under increasingly pressure from competition amongst various users for a limited resource viz the recognition of ecosystem requirements, pollution and the risk of declining water availability due to climate change, the concept of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) emerged around the 1980s. IWRM addresses both the management of water as a resource, and the framework for provision of water services to all categories of users, and it addresses both water quantity and quality. In doing so, the basin (river, lake or groundwater) must be recognized as the basic unit for planning and management, and a firm societal commitment and proper public participation must be pursued. India has not yet reached the level of Water Resources Development as has been achieved by many developed countries. Therefore, there is a need in India to undertake developmental measures along with management measures. Central goal of IWRM at the river basin level is to achieve water security for all purposes, as well as manage risks while responding to, and mitigating disasters. The path towards water security requires trade-offs to maintain a proper balance between meeting various sectors’ needs, and establishing adaptable governance mechanisms to cope with evolving environmental, economical and social circumstances. Well-developed, well-tested, scientifically robust, socially acceptable and economically viable approaches to implement IWRM at the river basin level are still not widely available. IWRM strives for effective and reliable delivery of water services by coordinating and balancing the various water-using sectors, which is an important part of sustainable water management. During the past decade, water scarcity issue has emerged as an important theme in discussions on India's future. Global discourse suggests that India, and other developing countries in Asia and Africa, can respond to water scarcity and the resultant water poverty being faced by their people, by embracing integrated water resources management. A package of best practices for improved management of water resources with strong emphasis on direct demand-side management. There is need for adopting a comprehensive and integrated approaches to address the problems which may inter-alia include adoption of efficient irrigation practices such as micro irrigation, selective lining, drainage development and suitable on-farm management, and conjunctive use of surface and ground water. I am happy to inform that Indian Geographical Committee of IWRA and Central Board of Irrigation and Power are jointly organising a Seminar on Integrated Water Resources Management at New Delhi during 14-15 November 2019 with an objective to have discussions at National Level about the coordinated development and management of water, land and related resources, in order to maximise the resultant economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystem. I request you and your colleagues & fellow professionals for active participation in the Seminar. V.K. Kanjlia Member Secretary Indian Geographical Committee of IWRA Volume 8 No. 2 July 2019 2 Physicochemical Analysis and Economic Evaluation of Lake Ecosystem - A Case Study of Lake System in Walajah Taluk, Vellore (India) Gokul Raghavendra Srinivasan Shalini Palani Vellore Institute of Technology, India St.Peter’s University, Chennai, India ABSTRACT Lakes are the most productive ecosystems, known globally for maintaining a wide array of biodiversity and also for providing various goods and services. But present increase in various anthropogenic activities such as intense
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