Kyrgyz Republic
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Understanding Cross-Border Conflict in Post-Soviet Central Asia: the Case of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan
Connections: The Quarterly Journal ISSN 1812-1098, e-ISSN 1812-2973 Toktomushev, Connections QJ 17, no. 1 (2018): 21-41 https://doi.org/10.11610/Connections.17.1.02 Research Article Understanding Cross-Border Conflict in Post-Soviet Central Asia: The Case of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan Kemel Toktomushev University of Central Asia, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, http://www.ucentralasia.org Abstract: Despite the prevalence of works on the ‘discourses of danger’ in the Ferghana Valley, which re-invented post-Soviet Central Asia as a site of intervention, the literature on the conflict potential in the cross-border areas of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan is fairly limited. Yet, the number of small-scale clashes and tensions on the borders of the Batken and Isfara regions has been growing steadily. Accordingly, this work seeks to con- tribute to the understanding of the conflict escalations in the area and identify factors that aggravate tensions between the communities. In par- ticular, this article focuses on four variables, which exacerbate tensions and hinder the restoration of a peaceful social fabric in the Batken-Isfara region: the unresolved legacies of the Soviet past, inefficient use of natu- ral resources, militarization of borders, and lack of evidence-based poli- cymaking. Keywords: Central Asia, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Ferghana, conflict, bor- ders. Introduction The significance and magnitude of violence and conflict potential in the con- temporary Ferghana Valley has been identified as one of the most prevalent themes in the study of post-Soviet Central Asia. This densely populated region has been long portrayed as a site of latent inter-ethnic conflict. Not only is the Ferghana Valley a region, where three major ethnic groups—Kyrgyz, Uzbeks and Tajiks—co-exist in a network of interdependent communities, sharing buri- Partnership for Peace Consortium of Defense Creative Commons Academies and Security Studies Institutes BY-NC-SA 4.0 Kemel Toktomushev, Connections QJ 17, no. -
In Kyrgyzstan Agricultural Products
The Possibility of “Six Sector Industrialization” in Kyrgyzstan Agricultural Products ■Profile of Kyrgyz Republic The Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan) is a state in Central Asia. Located in the western and central part of the Tien Shan mountain system. In the north it borders with Kazakhstan, in the west - with Uzbekistan, in the south-west - with Tajikistan, in the east and southeast - with China. The Kyrgyz Republic is a sovereign, democratic, legal, secular, unitary, social state. Independence Date - August 31, 1991. The state language is Kyrgyz; the official language is Russian. The territory is 199.9 thousand km2 (5.8% - forests, 4.4% - water, 53.3% - agricultural land, 36.5% - other lands). Almost 90% of which is located 1,500 m above sea level. The capital is Bishkek (859.8 thousand people). Big cities include Osh (255.8 thousand), Jalal-Abad (98.4 thousand), Karakol (68.0 thousand). Kyrgyzstan consists of 9 administrative-territorial units - Chui oblast, Talas oblast, Issyk-Kul oblast, Naryn oblast, Jalal-Abad oblast, Osh oblast, Batken oblast, Osh city and Bishkek city. Its key regional centers are Talas, Karakol, Naryn, Jalal-Abad, Osh, Batken. ■Overview of Agriculture Industry in Kyrgyzstan Republic The Kyrgyz Republic began implementing agrarian reforms after the collapse of the This case material, which is a product of the Joint Research Project of Case Writing by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and the International University of Japan (IUJ), is subject to copyright protection. Tsutomu Yokose, Professor of Graduate School of International Management, International University of Japan (IUJ) and student Kubanychbek Isabekov had prepared this case document. -
DISASTER RESPONSE COORDINATION UNIT Kyrgyzstan: COVID-19 Response
DISASTER RESPONSE COORDINATION UNIT Kyrgyzstan: COVID-19 response Weekly situation update Date: 22 May 2020 Key statistics As of 22 May 2020 Total cases Total number of 1350 1600 confirmed cases of 1400 1350 COVID-19 1200 1111 1000 The number of new 37 906 cases from total 800 756 656 600 554 The number of human 14 400 419 losses 200 147216 0 The number of 949 recovered cases On 18 March 2020 the first three cases were recorded in the Kyrgyz Republic that were detected among those, who returned from Umra pilgrimage to Saudi Arabia. Kyrgyzstan’s Security Council recommended the state of emergency on 22 March, and the Government subsequently imposed stricter measures, placing checkpoints in every region and city, and shutting down facilities (cafes, cinemas, shopping malls, and other entertainment places), leaving only grocery stores, food markets, pharmacies, and medical Daily trend of COVID-19 new Confirmed cases facilities. as of 22 May 2020 As of 22 May 2020, 1,350 cases of COVID-19 100 have been confirmed in the Kyrgyz Republic 80 and 14 deaths. Please also see in the table age disaggregation among the confirmed 60 cases as of 15 May 2020. Out of total 40 confirmed cases: cases among women- 685 (51%), cases among men – 665 (49%). 20 Number of laboratory test in the last day - 2 . 0 The number of contacts with laboratory- confirmed patients with covid-19 is 6,600 and 2,150 people are on observation. The emergency state was expired on 10 May, but it was decided to leave the emergency regime and quarantine in Bishkek and Osh cities, in At-Bashi district of the Naryn region and in the rural district of Kanysh-Kiya Chatkal district of the Jalal-Abad region. -
SEA Appendices Eng.Pdf (776.6Kb)
Social –economic investigation of primary mercury production impact on the environment in the Kyrgyz Republic APPENDICES TO SOCIAL-ECONOMIC INVESTIGATION OF PRIMARY MERCURY PRODUCTION AT KHAIDARKAN MERCURY PLANT Social –economic investigation of primary mercury production impact on the environment in the Kyrgyz Republic APENDIX 1 Production statistics of Khaidarkan Mercury Joint-stock Company Showings Measur.. 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 unit Mercury tons 170,5 584 611 629 629 590 574,4 541,7 369,8 488,1 309,5 production Fluorite tons 2556 2767 2417 2977 2977 3232 1175 2656 3339 3358 3139 concentrate output Source: Statement on financial-economic activity of Khaidarkan Mercury Joint-Stock Company for 2007. Key performance indicators Khaidarkan Mercury Joint Stock Company 2 № Name of indicators Units 2006 г. 2007 г. % report report 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Sale of products Thousand of 133600 222300 116,4 soms 2 Sale of products in current prices Thousand of 108373 169636 156,5 soms 3 Sale of products in adjusted prices Thousand of 108373 169636 160,4 soms 4 Production in physical units Tons 169,6 331,703 195,6 - mercury - fluorite Tons 2845 898 31,6 - antimony-mercury concentrate Tons 111,8 437 39,1 5 Ore production: Thousand of 156,3 104,5 66,9 soms - monometallic ore Thousand of 81,8 70,6 86,3 soms - complex ore Thousand of 74,5 33,9 45,5 soms т 6 Metal in the ore: monometallic ores (Hg) Tons 182,8 161,2 88.2 % 0,223 0,228 102,2 complex ore Tons 14.8 33,4 225,7 - mercury % 0,027 0,098 363,0 - antimony tons 341,6 420,5 123,1 % 0,63 1,24 196,8 - fluorite Tons 7037 4301,9 61,1 % 12,93 12,70 98,2 2 National statistical committee. -
An International Center for Soil Fertility and Agricultural Development Международный Центр По Развитию Плодородности Почвы И Сельского Хозяйства
An International Center for Soil Fertility and Agricultural Development Международный центр по развитию плодородности почвы и сельского хозяйства Kyrgyz Agro-Input Enterprise Development Project Кыргызский проект снабжения и развития агро-бизнеса 323 Lenin Str, 2nd Floor Osh, 714000 Kyrgyz Republic Tel/fax: (996) (3222) 553 94 e-mail [email protected] QUARTERLY REPORT 4-1-2002 THROUGH 6-30-2002 USAID Cooperative Agreement 116-G-00-01-00034-00 Prepared for USAID/CAR By IFDC Muscle Shoals, AL USA TABLE OF CONTENTS Pg. 3 Table of Acronyms Pg. 4 Executive Summary Pg. 5 Summary Activities in Support of Work Plan Third Quarter Pg. 7 Activities Planned for Fourth Quarter Kyrgyz Staff Activity Reports: Pg. 8 Details of Agronomic support and private sector extension activities Pg. 11 Details of Credit/finance, business training, and international procurement assistance activities Pg. 17 Details of Trade association and market information system development activities 2 TABLE OF ACRONYMS CAR Central Asia Region CYMMIT International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center IEE Initial Environment Evaluation IFDC An International Center for Soil Fertility and Agricultural Development IR Intermediate Results Indicator GAA German Agro Action AAK-JA Association of Agro-business of Kyrgyzstan “Jer Azigy” (Food for Soil) KAED Kyrgyz Agro-inputs Enterprise Development Project LARK Legal Assistance for Rural Citizens (co-funded by USAID and Swiss) NADPO Netherlands Agriculture Development Project, Osh PPP Plant Protection Products such as fungicides, pesticides, herbicides T/A Technical Assistance TES Technical Extension Service Project (German donor sponsored) USAID United States Agency for International Development 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The third quarter, covering the period of April through June 2002, saw strong progress for the Kyrgyz Agro-input Enterprise Development (KAED) pilot project being implemented by IFDC in the three oblasts in the south of Kyrgyzstan that share the Ferghana Valley. -
Kyrgyz-Tajik Border Conflict: Mutual Concessions Needed
Kyrgyz-Tajik Border Conflict: Mutual Concessions Needed Residents of border areas of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan are doomed to live in an atmosphere of onerous conflicts unless the leaders of the two countries have political will to finally settle this issue, according to experts. Follow us on Facebook The conflict in the village of Maksat in Leilek district of Batken region, Kyrgyzstan, occurred yesterday, September 16. According to official reports, border services of both countries agree only in that the incident was triggered by construction works at the undocumented location. As for the rest, the versions of the agencies vary. The conflict occurred in the border village of Maksat that belongs to the aiyl district of Kulundu, Leilek district Kyrgyz-Tajik Border Conflict: Mutual Concessions Needed of Batken region. According to the Kyrgyz party, the citizens of Tajikistan launched construction works, and “in response, a citizen of Kyrgyzstan also started construction of the fence around his house that is located in that area.” The border service of Tajikistan claims the conflict was caused “by construction of an unknown structure by citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic.” Village of Maksat. Photo: ru.sputnik.kg / Emil Sadyrov The demands to suspend construction turned into cross talks and then exchange of gunfire. The versions of official agencies about who opened the fire also vary. “The Kyrgyz party was acting against bilateral treaties that delimit the frontiers of disputed territories and mobilised additional military forces of 250-300 officers. Then they committed acts of provocation and at 19:00 they opened fire on the unarmed citizens of mahalla Bahor,” according to the statement of the Border Troops of the State Committee for National Security of Tajikistan. -
(DREF) Kyrgyzstan: Floods and Mudflows
Disaster relief emergency fund (DREF) Kyrgyzstan: Floods and mudflows DREF operation n° MDRKG008 GLIDE n° FL-2012-000043-KGZ 4th May 2012 The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent (IFRC) Disaster Relief Emergency Fund (DREF) is a source of un-earmarked money created by the Federation in 1985 to ensure that immediate financial support is available for Red Cross and Red Crescent emergency response. The DREF is a vital part of the International Federation’s disaster response system and increases the ability of National Societies to respond to disasters. CHF 110,430 has been allocated from the IFRC’s Disaster Relief Emergency Fund (DREF) to support the National Society in delivering immediate assistance to some 1,001 families (approximately 5,005 beneficiaries). Unearmarked funds to repay DREF are encouraged. Summary: Kyrgyzstan experienced the harshest winter with unusually low temperatures, heavy snowfalls throughout 2011 and 2012 and high precipitation, which exceeded the annual average by 2 – 2,5 times according to the Hydro Meteo Service of Kyrgyzstan. Snow melting and heavy rains caused mudflows and flash floods across Kyrgyzstan. Food stocks, home properties, livelihoods and Kulundu village of Leilek district, Batken oblast. Photo made by RCSK infrastructure have been heavily damaged. Series of mudflows occurred on the territory of Naryn, Osh, Jalalabad and Batken regions including remote districts throughout April. The most destructive flash floods were in Osh, Batken and Jalalbad during the period of April 23 to April 29, 2012. According to the Ministry of Emergency Situations a total of more than 2,300 households were affected in Osh, Batken, Jalalabad and Naryn1. -
The Formation of Kyrgyz Foreign Policy 1991-2004
THE FORMATION OF KYRGYZ FOREIGN POLICY 1991-2004 A Thesis Presented to the Faculty Of The FletCher SChool of Law and DiplomaCy, Tufts University By THOMAS J. C. WOOD In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 2005 Professor Andrew Hess (Chair) Professor John Curtis Perry Professor Sung-Yoon Lee ii Thomas J.C. Wood [email protected] Education 2005: Ph.D. Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University Dissertation Formation of Kyrgyz Foreign Policy 1992-2004 Supervisor, Professor Andrew Hess. 1993: M.A.L.D. Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University 1989: B.A. in History and Politics, University of Exeter, England. Experience 08/2014-present: Associate Professor, Political Science, University of South Carolina Aiken, Aiken, SC. 09/2008-07/2014: Assistant Professor, Political Science, University of South Carolina Aiken, Aiken, SC. 09/2006-05/2008: Visiting Assistant Professor, Political Science, Trinity College, Hartford, CT. 02/2005 – 04/2006: Program Officer, Kyrgyzstan, International Foundation for Election Systems (IFES) Washington DC 11/2000 – 06/2004: Director of Faculty Recruitment and University Relations, Civic Education Project, Washington DC. 01/1998-11/2000: Chair of Department, Program in International Relations, American University – Central Asia, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. 08/1997-11/2000: Civic Education Project Visiting Faculty Fellow, American University- Central Asia, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. Languages Languages: Turkish (advanced), Kyrgyz (intermediate), Russian (basic), French (intermediate). iii ABSTRACT The Evolution of Kyrgyz Foreign PoliCy This empirical study, based on extensive field research, interviews with key actors, and use of Kyrgyz and Russian sources, examines the formation of a distinct foreign policy in a small Central Asian state, Kyrgyzstan, following her independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. -
National Council for Sustainable Development of the Kyrgyz Republic
National Council for Sustainable Development of the Kyrgyz Republic NATIONAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC For the period of 2013-2017 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS PART ONE: TO SUCCEED AS A STATE AND TO ESTABLISH FOUNDATION FOR SUCCESSFUL DEVELOPMENT OF THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC .................................................. 5 Chapter 1. KYRGYZSTAN AND MODERN CHALLENGES ........................................................... 5 1.1. Nation without priorities or twenty years in survival mode ................................................ 5 1.2. Expectations and realities of the post-April period ............................................................ 6 1.3. National Development Project – Strategic Vision .............................................................. 7 1.4. Five constructive years (2013-2107): to succeed as a state and lay the foundation for successful development of Kyrgyzstan ..................................................................................................... 8 Chapter 2. ESTABLISHING A STATE GOVERNED BY THE RULE OF LAW AND ENSURING SUPREMACY OF LAW ................................................................................................................. 10 2.1. Strengthening of the legal system as a basic prerequisite for creating a country governed by the rule of law. ............................................................................................................................................ 10 2.2. Ensuring stability of the Constitution and laws, implementation -
Supporting Firm Creation and Growth Through Business Development Services in Kyrgyzstan
Policy Insights POLICY POLICY INSIGHTS . SUPPORTING FIRM CREATION AND GROWTH THROUGH BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SERVICES IN KYRGYZSTAN IN SERVICES DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS THROUGH GROWTH AND CREATION FIRM SUPPORTING SUPPORTING FIRM CREATION AND GROWTH THROUGH Supporting Firm Creation BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SERVICES IN KYRGYZSTAN and Growth through National governments working to support firms facing the COVID-19 crisis have strong incentives to support entrepreneurship and private-sector development. As they struggle to survive the crisis, entrepreneurs and SMEs need accessible and high-quality public services. In addition to improving Business Development delivery of public services to firms, governments can help stimulate the market for private business services, such as business advisory or training. Services in Kyrgyzstan This Policy Insight discusses the hurdles firms in Kyrgyzstan face in accessing public and private business development services (BDS). The report suggests three sets of actions to the government: (1) offering streamlined government to business services in physical and digital one-stop shops; (2) supporting greater uptake of private business services; and (3) working with other relevant actors, such as business associations and the development community to build a stronger BDS market, which can ultimately foster much needed business development. www.oecd.org/eurasia Co-funded by the European Union GLOBAL RELATIONS Eurasia Competitiveness Programme This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the member countries of the OECD. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. -
16 Days of Activism Against Gender-Based Violence Campaign in Kyrgyzstan
16 Days of activism against gender-based violence campaign in Kyrgyzstan UNDP Report 07/12/2015 Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan UNDP in the Kyrgyz Republic together with the UNiTE to End Violence Against Women and Girls National Movement in Kyrgyzstan and UN Women CO Background: What is 16 Days? The 16 Days of Activism Against Gender-Based Violence is an international campaign originating from the first Women's Global Leadership Institute coordinated by the Center for Women's Global Leadership in 1991. Participants chose the dates November 25- International Day Against Violence Against Women- and December 10- International Human Rights Day- in order to symbolically link violence against women and human rights and to emphasize that such violence is a violation of human rights. This 16-day period also highlights other significant dates including November 29, International Women Human Rights Defenders Day, December 1, World AIDS Day, and December 6, which marks the Anniversary of the Montreal Massacre. The 16 Days Campaign has been used as an organizing strategy by individuals and groups around the world to call for the elimination of all forms of violence against women by: raising awareness about gender-based violence as a human rights issue at the local, national, regional and international levels strengthening local work around violence against women establishing a clear link between local and international work to end violence against women providing a forum in which organizers can develop and share new and effective strategies demonstrating the solidarity of women around the world organizing against violence against women creating tools to pressure governments to implement promises made to eliminate violence against women Over 5, 179 organizations in approximately 187 countries have participated in the 16 Days Campaign since 19911. -
Smallholders and Family Farms in Kyrgyzstan
Regional TCP on Empowering Smallholders and Family Farms (TCP/RER/3601) Smallholders and family farms in Kyrgyzstan Country study report 2019 Required citation: FAO. 2020. Smallholders and family farms in Kyrgyzstan. Country study report 2019. Budapest. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9826en The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. ISBN 9 978-92-5-132975-7 © FAO, 2020 Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo/legalcode). Under the terms of this licence, this work may be copied, redistributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes, provided that the work is appropriately cited. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that FAO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the FAO logo is not permitted.