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Environmental Impact Assessment, Petrojam Refinery Upgrade Project

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Environmental Impact Assessment, Petrojam Refinery Upgrade Project ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PETROJAM REFINERY UPGRADE PROJECT Report Submitted to: Petrojam Limited 96 Marcus Garvey Road, Kingston 11, Jamaica Prepared by: Claude Davis & Associates 141 Oakhampton Trail, Hamilton, ON L9B 0A3 In Association with TEMN Ltd. 20 West Kings House Road, Kingston 10 April 2009 Petrojam Refinery Upgrade Project Claude Davis & Associates Environmental Impact Assessment Petrojam Limited ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PETROJAM REFINERY UPGRADE PROJECT This document has been prepared for the titled project or named part thereof and should not be relied upon or used for any other project without an independent check being carried out as to its suitability and without the prior written consent of Claude Davis & Associates. Claude Davis & Associates accepts no responsibility or liability for the consequence of this document being used for a purpose other than the purposes for which it was commissioned. Any person using or relying on the document for such other purpose agrees, and will by such use or reliance be taken to confirm his/her agreement to indemnify Claude Davis & Associates for all loss or damage resulting there from. Claude Davis & Associates accepts no responsibility or liability for this document to any party other than the person by whom it was commissioned. i Petrojam Refinery Upgrade Project Claude Davis & Associates Environmental Impact Assessment Petrojam Limited TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................... xvi 1 INTRODUCTION 1-1 1.1 NEED FOR THE PROJECT 1-3 1.2 STUDY AREA 1-4 2 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES AND SELECTED PROJECT 2-1 2.1 ANALYSIS OF PROJECT ALTERNATIVES 2-1 2.1.1 DO NOTHING ALTERNATIVE (NO UPGRADE) ................................................................... 2-1 2.1.2 TERMINALLING OPTION .............................................................................................. 2-1 2.1.3 TWO PHASED REFINERY UPGRADE PROJECT OPTION ........................................................ 2-2 2.1.4 SELECTED SINGLE-PHASE REFINERY UPGRADE PROJECT OPTION ......................................... 2-4 2.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE SELECTED PROJECT 2-6 2.2.1 FINANCIAL COMPARISON OF OPTIONS ......................................................................... 2-10 3 PUBLIC CONSULTATION PROGRAMME 3-1 3.1 INITIAL PUBLIC MEETING 3-1 3.2 OTHER PUBLIC CONSULTATION ACTIVITIES 3-2 3.3 FINAL PUBLIC MEETING 3-2 4 DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT - BASELINE STUDIES 4-1 4.1 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT 4-1 4.1.1 GEOLOGY AND SOILS .................................................................................................. 4-1 4.1.1.1 Seismic Hazard ..................................................................................................... 4-5 4.1.1.2 Landslip Hazard .................................................................................................... 4-5 4.1.2 WATER RESOURCES ................................................................................................... 4-7 4.1.2.1 Sewage Treatment Facilities .............................................................................. 4-10 4.1.2.2 Flooding .............................................................................................................. 4-10 4.1.2.3 Groundwater Contamination By Hydrocarbon Spills or Leaks on Site .............. 4-12 4.1.2.4 Hydrological Assessment ................................................................................... 4-17 4.1.2.4.1 Existing and Projected Water Demand .............................................................. 4-17 4.1.2.4.2 Drainage Assessment ......................................................................................... 4-17 4.1.2.5 Site Storm Water Runoff .................................................................................... 4-18 4.1.3 STORM SURGE ANALYSIS .......................................................................................... 4-20 4.1.4 WATER QUALITY ..................................................................................................... 4-25 4.1.5 CLIMATIC CONDITIONS AND AIR QUALITY .................................................................... 4-35 4.1.5.1 Climatology ........................................................................................................ 4-35 4.1.6 AIR POLLUTANT SOURCES IN THE KINGSTON AIRSHED .................................................... 4-44 ii Petrojam Refinery Upgrade Project Claude Davis & Associates Environmental Impact Assessment Petrojam Limited 4.1.7 EXISTING AIR QUALITY ............................................................................................. 4-47 4.1.7.1 Monitoring Methods and Results ...................................................................... 4-48 4.1.7.2 VOCs ................................................................................................................... 4-55 4.1.7.3 Historical Air Quality Data in the Kingston Airshed ........................................... 4-58 4.1.8 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEYS .............................................................................. 4-63 4.1.8.1 Noise .................................................................................................................. 4-63 4.1.8.2 VOCs ................................................................................................................... 4-66 4.1.9 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLANS ................................................................................... 4-69 4.1.10 WASTE MANAGEMENT ............................................................................................ 4-72 4.1.10.1 Liquid Wastes ..................................................................................................... 4-72 4.1.10.2 Solid Waste ........................................................................................................ 4-73 4.2 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 4-75 4.2.1 METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................................... 4-75 4.2.1.1 Results - Terrestrial Environment ...................................................................... 4-76 4.2.1.1.1 Avifauna ............................................................................................................. 4-76 4.2.1.1.2 Marine Environment .......................................................................................... 4-77 4.3 SOCIOECONOMIC ASPECTS 4-82 4.3.1 METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................................... 4-82 4.3.2 SOCIOECONOMIC SETTING ........................................................................................ 4-83 4.3.2.1 Demography ....................................................................................................... 4-83 4.3.2.2 Infrastructure and Services ................................................................................ 4-85 4.3.2.3 Housing .............................................................................................................. 4-89 4.3.2.4 Amenities ........................................................................................................... 4-90 4.3.2.5 Community Fabric/Cohesion ............................................................................. 4-91 4.3.2.6 National Heritage Sites ...................................................................................... 4-92 4.3.3 ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ............................................................................................. 4-92 4.3.3.1 Public Perception ............................................................................................... 4-96 4.3.3.2 Land Use ........................................................................................................... 4-103 4.4 MACROECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES 4-105 5 POLICY, LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY REGIME 5-1 5.1 RESPONSIBLE AUTHORITIES 5-1 5.2 PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION 5-2 5.2.1 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION AUTHORITY ACT (1991) ......................................... 5-2 5.2.2 THE PETROLEUM ACT (1979) ..................................................................................... 5-2 5.2.3 THE WATERSHED PROTECTION ACT (1963) ................................................................... 5-2 5.2.4 THE TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING ACT (1975) .......................................................... 5-3 5.2.5 THE BEACH CONTROL ACT (1956) ............................................................................... 5-3 5.2.6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT, 2004 (DRAFT) ............................................... 5-3 5.2.7 PUBLIC HEALTH ACT (1985) ....................................................................................... 5-4 5.2.8 PETROLEUM AND OIL FUEL (LANDING & STORAGE) ACT (1925) ........................................ 5-4 5.2.9 FACTORIES ACT (1943) ............................................................................................. 5-4 5.2.10 THE HARBOURS ACT (1874) ....................................................................................... 5-5 iii Petrojam Refinery Upgrade Project Claude Davis & Associates Environmental Impact Assessment Petrojam Limited 5.2.11 THE WILDLIFE PROTECTION ACT (1945) ....................................................................... 5-5 5.2.12 THE WATER RESOURCES ACT (1995) ..........................................................................
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