Final Environmental Impact Report for the Secunda Growth Programme (SGP) 1B (New): Proposed Retrofitting of Two Gas Turbines, Mpumalanga
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17/2/3/GS-59 Final Environmental Impact Report for the Secunda Growth Programme (SGP) 1B (New): Proposed Retrofitting of Two Gas Turbines, Mpumalanga February 2013 A Project for: Sasol Synfuels (Pty) Ltd Tel: +27 (0) 12 367 5973 Email:[email protected] Fountain Square, 78 Kalkoen Street, Monument Park Ext. 2, Pretoria, 0181 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Client: Sasol Synfuels (Pty) Ltd Project Name: Final Environmental Impact Report for the Proposed Retroffiting of Two Gas Turbines, Secunda SSI Environmental Reference Number: E02.PTA.000407 Authority Reference: 17/2/3/GS-59 Compiled by: Phyllis Kalele Date: February 2013 Location: Pretoria Reviewer: Prashika Reddy _____________________________ Signature Approval: Prashika Reddy ______________________________ Signature © SSI Environmental All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission from SSI Environmental. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 NEED AND BACKGROUND 1 1.2 APPROACH TO THE EIA STUDIES 2 1.2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCOPING STUDY 2 1.2.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STUDY 2 1.3 DETAILS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PRACTITIONER 3 1.4 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT 4 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 5 2.1 PROJECT LOCATION 5 2.2 ELECTRICITY GENERATION FROM AROMATIC NAPHTHA 7 2.3 FACILITIES FOR RETROFITTING THE GAS TURBINES 8 3 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES 11 3.1 SITE ALTERNATIVES – AROMATIC NAPHTHA TANK 11 3.1.1 SITE 1 (PREFERRED) 11 3.1.2 SITE 2 (ALTERNATIVE 1) 11 3.2 NO‐GO ALTERNATIVE 11 4 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA 12 4.1 GEOLOGY 12 4.2 TOPOGRAPHY AND SOILS 12 4.3 WATER RESOURCES 12 4.3.1 GEOHYDROLOGY (GROUNDWATER) 12 4.3.2 HYDROLOGY (SURFACE WATER) 12 4.4 CLIMATE AND LOCAL WEATHER CONDITIONS 13 4.4.1 WIND 13 4.4.2 ATMOSPHERIC STABILITY 15 4.4.3 TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY 16 4.4.4 PRECIPITATION 17 4.5 AIR QUALITY 18 4.5.1 IDENTIFIED SENSITIVE RECEPTORS 18 4.5.2 EXISTING SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION 18 4.5.3 AGRICULTURE 19 4.5.4 DOMESTIC FUEL BURNING 19 4.5.5 MINING ACTIVITIES 20 4.5.6 VELD FIRES 20 4.5.7 POWER STATIONS 21 4.5.8 OTHER SASOL OPERATIONS 21 4.5.9 AIR QUALITY SITUATION 21 4.6 NOISE 30 4.7 SOCIAL 30 4.8 LAND‐USE 30 4.9 HEALTH AND SAFETY 30 4.10 HERITAGE 30 5 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH 31 5.1 APPROACH TO UNDERTAKING THE STUDY 31 5.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCOPING STUDY 31 5.3 AUTHORITY CONSULTATION 31 5.3.1 CONSULTATION WITH DECISION‐MAKING AUTHORITY 31 5.3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 31 5.3.3 METHODOLOGY – ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS 32 5.3.4 IMPACT ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY 32 5.4 EIA REPORT (EIR) 34 5.5 DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME 35 5.6 SPECIALIST STUDIES 35 5.7 ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS 35 6 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PROCESS 37 6.1 AIMS OF THE PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PROCESS 37 6.1.1 CONSULTATION WITH RELEVANT AUTHORITIES AND KEY STAKEHOLDERS 37 6.1.2 ADVERTISING 38 6.1.3 IDENTIFICATION OF INTERESTED AND AFFECTED PARTIES 38 6.1.4 I&AP DATABASE 38 6.1.5 ISSUES TRAIL 38 6.1.6 PUBLIC REVIEW OF THE DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT 39 6.1.7 PUBLIC MEETING 39 6.1.8 AUTHORITY REVIEW OF THE FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT 39 6.1.9 ENVIRONMENTAL AUTHORISATION 39 7 POTENTIAL IMPACTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PROJECT 40 7.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS ‐ AROMATIC NAPHTHA TANK 40 7.1.1 GEOLOGY 40 7.1.2 SOILS 40 7.1.3 WATER RESOURCES 42 7.1.4 DUST AND EMISSIONS DURING CONSTRUCTION 43 7.1.5 NOISE 44 7.1.6 WASTE 45 7.1.7 HEALTH AND SAFETY 46 7.1.8 SOCIAL 47 7.2 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS – ADDITIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE 48 7.3 OPERATIONAL PHASE IMPACTS ‐ AROMATIC NAPHTHA TANK 51 7.3.1 SOILS 51 7.3.2 GEOHYDROLOGY (GROUNDWATER) AND HYDROLOGY (SURFACE WATER) 52 7.3.3 AIR QUALITY ‐ EMISSIONS 53 7.3.4 WASTE 54 7.3.5 SAFETY 55 7.4 OPERATIONAL PHASE IMPACTS – ADDITIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE 56 7.5 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS 59 7.5.1 EMISSIONS 60 7.6 DECOMMISSIONING PHASE 60 8 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 61 8.1 CONCLUDING REMARKS 61 8.2 FINAL RECOMMENDATIONS 62 TABLE OF FIGURES FIGURE 1: ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES FLOWCHART 3 FIGURE 2: LOCATION OF THE AROMATIC NAPHTHA, MFO, CETANE & OCTANE TANKS AND FLARE 6 FIGURE 3: EXAMPLE OF AN ENCLOSED GROUND FLARE 9 FIGURE 4: EXAMPLE OF AN ELEVATED FLARE 10 FIGURE 5: PERIOD WIND ROSE FOR THE SASOL CLUB & LANGVERWACHT STATIONS 14 FIGURE 6: DIURNAL WIND ROSES FOR THE SASOL CLUB & LANGVERWACHT MONITORING STATIONS 14 FIGURE 7: SEASONAL WIND ROSES FOR THE SASOL CLUB & LANGVERWACHT MONITORING STATIONS 15 FIGURE 8: STABILITY CLASS FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION FOR SASOL CLUB & LANGERWACHT STATIONS 16 FIGURE 9: AVERAGE MONTHLY TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY FOR SASOL CLUB & LANGVERWACHT 17 FIGURE 10: ANNUAL AVERAGE BENZENE CONCENTRATION (PPB) RECORDED AT TWO SASOL STATIONS 22 FIGURE 11: DAILY AVERAGE PM10 CONCENTRATIONS RECORDED AT THE SASOL STATIONS 23 FIGURE 12: DAILY AVERAGE PM10 CONCENTRATIONS RECORDED AT THE DEA STATION 24 FIGURE 13: DIURNAL PM10 CONCENTRATIONS RECORDED AT THE SASOL STATIONS 24 FIGURE 14: HOURLY AVERAGE NO2 CONCENTRATIONS (PPB) RECORDED AT THE SASOL STATIONS 25 FIGURE 15: HOURLY AVERAGE NO2 CONCENTRATIONS (PPB) RECORDED AT THE DEA STATION 26 FIGURE 16: DIURNAL NO2 CONCENTRATIONS (PPB) RECORDED AT THE SASOL STATIONS 27 LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1: DETAILS OF THE EAP 3 TABLE 2: REPORT STRUCTURE 4 TABLE 3: COORDINATES OF THE DIFFERENT COMPONENTS OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT 5 TABLE 4: ATMOSPHERIC STABILITY CLASSES (PASQUILL GIFFORD) 15 TABLE 5: IDENTIFIED SENSITIVE RECEPTORS SURROUNDING THE SITE 18 TABLE 6: ANNUAL AVERAGE BENZENE CONCENTRATIONS FOR ALL MONITORING STATIONS 22 3 TABLE 7: MAXIMUM HOURLY, DAILY AND ANNUAL AVERAGE PM10 (µG/M ), SO2 AND NO2 CONCENTRATIONS FOR ALL MONITORING STATIONS FOR THE PERIOD 2006 – 2010. EXCEEDANCES OF THE STANDARDS AND ALLOWABLE FREQUENCY OF EXCEEDANCE (WHERE APPLICABLE) ARE HIGHLIGHTED IN BOLD 28 3 TABLE 8: ANNUAL AVERAGE PM10 (µG/M ), SO2 AND NO2 CONCENTRATIONS FOR ALL MONITORING STATIONS FOR THE PERIOD 2006 – 2010. EXCEEDANCES OF THE ANNUAL STANDARDS ARE HIGHLIGHTED IN BOLD 29 TABLE 9: EXCEEDANCES OF THE NATIONAL STANDARDS (WHERE APPLICABLE) AT ALL MONITORING STATIONS FOR THE PERIOD 2006 – 2010 29 TABLE 10: CRITERIA FOR THE RATING OF IMPACTS 33 TABLE 11: CRITERIA FOR THE RATING OF CLASSIFIED IMPACTS 34 TABLE 12: KEY STAKEHOLDERS CONTACTED AS PART OF PP PROCESS 37 TABLE 13: SUMMARY OF CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS AND AVERAGE ALLOCATION POINTS ALLOCATED TO THE AROMATIC NAPHTHA TANK ON THE EASTERN AND WESTERN TANK FARM 48 TABLE 14: SUMMARY OF OPERATIONAL PHASE IMPACTS AND AVERAGE ALLOCATION POINTS ALLOCATED TO THE AROMATIC NAPHTHA TANK ON THE EASTERN AND WESTERN TANK FARM 56 APPENDICES APPENDIX A: LOCALITY MAP APPENDIX B: PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM APPENDIX C: PROPERTIES OF AROMATIC NAPHTHA APPENDIX D: APPROVAL OF SCOPING STUDY APPENDIX E: AIR QUALITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT APPENDIX F: PUBLIC NOTIFICATIONS APPENDIX G: I&AP DATABASE, MINUTES OF MEETING & ISSUES TRAIL APPENDIX H: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME ACRONYMS CCR Continuous Catalyst Regeneration (part of the Platforming units) CO Carbon monoxide CTN Coal Tar Naphtha DHT Distillate Hydrotreater DSC Distillate Selective Cracker H2S Hydrogen sulphide EAP Environmental Assessment Practitioner EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMPr Environmental Management Programme ESS Environmental Scoping Study ESR Environmental Scoping Report I&AP Interested and Affected Party MDEDET Mpumalanga Department of Economic Development, Environment and Tourism MFO Medium Fuel Oil NEMA National Environmental Management Act NHT Naphtha Hydrotreater NO Nitrogen monoxide NO2 Nitrogen dioxide O3 Ozone PHT Poly Hydrotreater RON Research Octane Number SCC Synfuels Catalytic Cracker SCF2 Secunda Clean Fuels 2 SGP Secunda Growth Programme SO2 Sulphur dioxide TAME Tertiary Amyl Methyl Ether FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED RETROFITTING OF TWO GAS TURBINES AT SASOL, SECUNDA 1 INTRODUCTION Due to the new fuel specifications, Sasol Technology proposes the retrofitting of two existing gas turbines as the basis for the Secunda Growth Programme (SGP) 1B (new) project (also referred to as Secunda Clean Fuels (SCF2) project. The turbines will be retrofitted for co-firing using aromatic naphtha and gas simultaneously, as these were originally designed only for gas firing. Currently 100 MW of electricity (per turbine) is generated in a closed cycle system in the turbines and it should be noted there will be no change in the amount of electricity generated. Aromatic naphtha is the liquid fuel hydrocarbon stream that contains approximately 40% benzene. The sources of the aromatic naphtha streams are the Synfuels Catalytic Cracker (Unit 293) gasoline and the Coal Tar Naphtha (CTN) Hydrogenation units (Units 15 and 215). Each of these stream sources will be sent to separate fractionators to obtain a benzene-rich stream which will be combusted in the gas turbines to generate electricity. In support of the retrofitting of the two gas turbines, Sasol Synfuels therefore proposes to install: i. A hold up tank with a capacity of approximately 11500 m3 to store aromatic naphtha. The hold up tank will be located in the Eastern tank farm. ii. A Medium Fuel Oil (MFO) tank with a capacity of approximately 2000 m3 in the Western tank farm. iii. A tank with a capacity of approximately 6000 m3 for the Octane booster system in the Western tank farm. iv. A tank with a capacity of approximately 100 m3 tank for the Cetane booster system in the Western tank farm. After the Environmental Scoping Study was concluded and subsequently accepted by the Mpumalanga Department of Economic Development, Environment and Tourism (MDEDET) on 07 February 2012, the Sasol engineering team indicated that the liquid feed systems required on the gas turbines, to enable electricity generation, will require protection systems on the process equipment.