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T.C Istanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Coğrafya Anabilim Dali

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T.C Istanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Coğrafya Anabilim Dali T.C İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ COĞRAFYA ANABİLİM DALI DOKTORA TEZİ KUŞADASI, BODRUM VE PİRE(YUNANİSTAN) YAT LİMANLARININ TURİZM COĞRAFYASI AÇISINDAN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI OLCAY ŞEMİEOĞLU 2502918894 DANIŞMAN: DOÇ.DR.SÜHEYLA BALCI AKOVA İSTANBUL 2006 TEZ ONAY SAYFASI II ÖZ Kuşadası, Bodrum ve Pire (Yunanistan) yat limanlarının turizm coğrafyası açısından karşılaştırılması adındaki bu çalışmada, ülkemizde yat turizminin başlıca merkezleri olan Bodrum, Kuşadası bölgelerinin ve yat turizminde daha gelişmiş olarak kabul edilen Pire bölgesinin doğal çekicilikleri, zengin tarihi ve yat limanları incelenmektedir. Çalışmamızda araştırılan Bodrum (Karada-Milta) ve Kuşadası (Setur) Marinaları, modern alt yapıları ve uygun ücretleri ile Akdeniz’de seyir halinde olan yerli ve yabancı yatlara birinci sınıf hizmet veren marinalardır. Kuşadası, Bodrum ve Pire yat limanları dünyanın çeşitli bölgelerinden gelen turistleri coğrafi şartlarının sağladığı avantajlardan dolayı etkilemektedirler. Bodrum ve Kuşadası bölgesi tüm dünyadaki diğer tarihi ve arkeolojik yöreler içinde en tanınmış ve bilinen eserlere ve yerlere sahiptir. Yatlarıyla gelen ziyaretçiler Bodrum Milta Marina ve Kuşadası Setur Marina’da gereksindikleri her tür hizmeti almaktadırlar. Bu yüzden tez konumuz olan marinalar Ege ve Akdeniz’de yelken açanlar tarafından tercih edilmektedir. Yat turizminin daha üst noktalara ulaşması için gerekli önlemler alındığında, Kuşadası Setur ve Bodrum Milta Marinalarının gelişen Akdeniz Yat turizmi dünyasında en önde kabul edilen İspanya, Fransa ve İtalya’daki marinalardan daha fazla ilerleyerek, her geçen yıl turizm alanında dünya pazarındaki payını artırarak bir çekim merkezi haline gelen Türkiye’nin en popüler marinaları olarak kabul edileceklerdir. ABSTRACT In the study ‘Comparison of Kuşadası, Bodrum and Piraeus (Greece) Marinas in terms of Tourism Geography’ the natural beauty, rich history and marinas of Bodrum, Kuşadası, accepted as the yacht tourism centers in Turkey, and Piraeus which is considered more developed in yacht tourism is analysed. Bodrum (Karada- Milta) and Kuşadası (Setur) Marinas, researched in our study are the marinas which render first class services to foreign and domestic yachts sailing in the Mediterranean with modern facilities and reasonable prices. Kuşadası, Bodrum and Piraeus marinas, owing to the advantages provided by their geographical conditions, attract tourists coming from various parts of the world. Bodrum and Kuşadası have III world wide famous historical and archeological places. Visitors coming with their yachts to Bodrum Milta and Kusadası Setur Marinas can get all the services they need. Therefore, marinas mentioned in this study are preferred by people sailing in the Aegean and Mediterranean Sea. If necessary steps are taken for the further development of yacht tourism, these two marinas are to excel the leading marinas of Mediterranean yacht tourism in Spain, France and Italy and will become world famous marinas of Turkey, which is becoming an attraction center by increasing its share in world tourism market every year IV Ö N S Ö Z Bu çalışma da ülkemizin önemli yat turizm merkezleri olan Kuşadası ve Bodrum bölgeleri ile benzer coğrafyayı paylaşan Pire (Yunanistan) bölgesindeki marinalar turizm coğrafyası açısından karşılaştırılmış. Bu bölgelerin tarihi zenginlikleri, doğal güzellikleri, iklim özellikleri ve çeşitli hizmetler sunan yüksek kapasiteli marinaları ile Doğu Akdeniz’de yükselişe geçen yat turizminde ne denli önemli oldukları gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın konusunu belirlemem de beni destekleyen Sayın hocam merhum Prof.Dr.Ümit Sergün’ü ve doktora derslerim sırasında manevi desteğini esirgemeyen arkadaşım merhume Araş.Gör.Hatice Bayartan’ı rahmetle anıyorum. Bu süreçte bana yapıcı önerileri ile her an destek veren değerli danışman hocam Doç.Dr. Süheyla Balcı Akova ve Yrd.Doç.Dr.İsmet Akova’ya sonsuz saygı ve teşekkürlerimi sunarım. Çalışmalarım sırasında yardımlarını gördüğüm hocalarım Prof.Dr.Ramazan Özey’e, Doç.Dr.Orhan Gürbüz’e, her zaman sorularımı cevaplayan Yrd.Doç.Dr.Muzaffer Bakırcı’ya araştırmalarım sırasında bilgi alışverişinde bulunduğum Yard. Doç. Dr. Mehmet Bayartan’a teşekkürü zevkli bir borç bilirim. Yardımlarını esirgemeyen Çanakkale 18 Mart Üniversitesi Arş.Gör.Dr. Cengiz Akbulak’a doktora derslerim esnasında beni önerileri ile yönlendiren Yrd. Doç.Dr.Özlem Sertkaya Doğan ve Arş.Gör.Mesut Doğan’a, çalışmalarım sırasında problemlerimi çözmekte bana yardımcı olan Arş.Gör. Selma Akay ve Arş. Gör. Aylin Yaman’a en içten teşekkürlerimi sunuyorum. Araştırmalarım sırasında yardımlarını gördüğüm Deniz Ticaret odası Bodrum Şubesi’ne, Bodrum Milta Marina Müşteri Hizmetleri Müdürlüğü’ne, Turgutreis D- Marin Müdürlüğü’ne teşekkür ederim. Tüm bu süreç içerisinde her zaman yanımda olarak manevi desteğini her an hissettiren MD.Dr.Siban Şemieoğlu, Eser Can Tütenk ve Işık Gökhan Tütenk’e sonsuz sevgilerimle. Olcay ŞEMİEOĞLU 2006 V İÇİNDEKİLER ÖZ (ABSTRACT)…………………………………………………….III ÖNSÖZ…………………………………………………………………V İÇİNDEKİLER………………………………………………………...VI TABLOLAR LİSTESİ………………………………………………...XI RESİMLER LİSTESİ………………………………………...…….XVII ŞEKİLLER LİSTESİ…………………………………………………XX GİRİŞ…………………………………………………………………...1 I. BÖLÜM: TURİZM VE ÇEŞİTLERİ 1.1. Turizm ve Çeşitleri ………………………………………….…...2 1.2. Yat Turizmi ve Tarihsel Gelişimi………………….…………….5 1.2.1. Yat Üretiminin Gelişimi….…………………………….10 1.2.2. Yatların Sınıflandırılması.……………………………..12 1.2.3. Yat Limanları Sınıflandırması…………….…………..22 II. BÖLÜM: BODRUMDA YAT TURİZMİ 2.1. Bodrumda Yat Turizminin Gelişmesinde Etkili Olan Faktörler……………………………………………………………….27 2.2.İklim Özellikleri………...…………………………………………28 2.2.1.Sıcaklık...………………………………………………..29 2.2.2.Nem..…………………………………………………....32 2.2.3. Yağış..………………………………………………….34 2.2.4. Açık – Kapalı Gün Sayısı….………………………....34 2.2.5. Güneşlenme Süresi………….……………...………..36 2.2.6. Rüzgarlar….…………………………………………...36 VI 2.3. Bodrum Bölgesinin Doğal Çekicilikleri.……………………...42 2.3.1. Bitki Örtüsü….………………………………………….42 2.3.2. Milli Parklar….………………………………………….44 2.3.3. Plajlar…..…………………………………………….….49 2.3.4. Koylar………………...………………………………....54 2.3.5. Dalış Noktaları.…………………………………….…..56 2.3.6. Şifalı Sular ve Kaplıcalar.………………………….….59 2.4. Jeomorfolojik Özellikler……………………………….……....60 2.5. Beşeri Özellikler...….…………………………………….……63 2.5.1. Tarihi Çekicilikler………….…………………………...63 2.5.2. Yat Limanı ve Konaklama Tesisleri………….………74 2.5.2.1. Bodrum Yat Limanı…………………………...75 2.5.2.2.Konaklama Tesisleri…………………………..79 2.5.3. Yatçılara Verilen Hizmetler…………………….……..86 2.6. Bodrum’da Yat Turizmi………………………………………91 III. KUŞADASI’NDA YAT TURİZMİ 3.1. Kuşadası’n.da Yat Turizminin Gelişmesinde Etkili Olan Faktörler………………………………………………………………99 3.2. İklim Özellikleri……….……………………….……………….100 3.2.1. Sıcaklık ..…………………………………...…………100 3.2.2. Nem…...……………………………………………….103 3.2.3. Yağış………………………………………...…...……104 3.2.4. Açık – Kapalı Gün Sayısı………...………………….105 3.2.5. Güneşlenme Süresi…………………………………..106 3.2.6. Rüzgarlar…………..………………………………….107 3.3. Kuşadası Bölgesinin Doğal Çekicilikleri…………...………..111 3.3.1. Bitki Örtüsü…………………………………………....112 VII 3.3.2.Milli Parklar…………………………………………….113 3.3.3. Plajlar...…………………………………………..…....118 3.3.4. Çevredeki Diğer Plajlar ve Aquaparklar……………122 3.3.5. Dalış Noktaları...…………………………….………..123 3.3.6. Vadiler ve Sahiller..…………………………………..124 3.3.7. Şifalı Sular ve Kaplıcalar...…………………………..126 3.4. Jeomorfolojik Özellikler……………………………………….128 3.5. Beşeri Özellikler……………………………………….………129 3.5.1. Tarihi Çekicilikler…..…………………………………130 3.5.2. Yat Limanı ve Konaklama Tesisleri…….…………..143 3.5.2.1. Kuşadası Yat Limanı……………..…...…….144 3.5.2.2. Konaklama Tesisleri………………..……….146 3.5.3. Yatçılara Verilen Hizmetler……..…………………...151 3.6. Kuşadası’nda Yat Turizmi……………………………………154 IV. BÖLÜM: PİRE’DE YAT TURİZMİ 4.1. Pire’de Yat Turizminin Gelişmesinde Etkili Olan Faktörler……………………………………………………………..164 4.2. İklim Özellikleri………..……………………………………….164 4.2.1. Sıcaklık…………………………………………...……165 4.2.2. Nem………..…………………………….…………….167 4.2.3.Yağış……………………………………………...……168 4.2.4. Açık-Kapalı Gün Sayısı………………………………168 4.2.5. Güneşlenme Süresi..……………….………………..169 4.2.6. Rüzgarlar…………………………………..………….169 4.3. Pire Bölgesinin Doğal Çekicilikleri…………………………...172 4.3.1. Bitki Örtüsü……………...…………………………….172 4.3.2. Doğal Parklar ve Koruma Altındaki Tabiat Alanları.173 VIII 4.3.3. Plajlar…………………………………………………..180 4.3.4. Adalar...……………………………………….……….182 4.3.5. Şifalı Suları…...……………………………………….189 4.4.Jeomorfolojik Özellikler………………………………………..193 4.5. Beşeri Özellikler……………………………………………….193 4.5.1. Tarihi Çekicilikler……..………………………………194 4.5.2. Yat Limanı ve Konaklama Tesisleri………………...208 4.5.2.1. Zea Yat Limanı………………..……………..210 4.5.2.2. Konaklama Tesisleri……………..………….212 4.5.3. Yatçılara Verilen Hizmetler….……………….……..217 4.6. Pire’de Yat Turizmi……………………………………………220 V. BÖLÜM: YUNANİSTAN (PİRE) VE TÜRKİYE‘DE (BODRUM- KUSADASI) YAT TURİZMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ 5.1. Yunanistan (Pire) Ve Türkiye‘de (Bodrum-Kuşadası) Yat Turizminin Değerlendirilmesi………………………………………222 5.1.1. Yunanistan (Pire)……………….…………………….223 5.2.1. Türkiye (Bodrum-Kuşadası).…………………...…...229 SONUÇ VE ÖNERİLER……………………………………………253 EKLER……………………………………………………………….258 Ek 1: Yat Turizmi Yönetmeliği…………………………….....……258 Ek 2: Türkiye’deki Yat İşletmeleri………………..…………….....281 Ek 3: Bodrum(Muğla) Bölgesinde Yabani Bitkiler………..…......287 Ek 4: Bodrum(Muğla) Bölgesinde Ticari Olarak Yetiştirilen Bitkiler………………………………………………………………..294 Ek 5: Amatör Balıkçılıkla İlgili Mevzuat: Amatör Balıkçılık
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