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President Lands at Moffett Field During Silicon Valley Visit by Huong Nguyen and Jessica Culler President Barack Obama’S Arrival Onboard Air Force One on Sunday, Sept

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President Lands at Moffett Field During Silicon Valley Visit by Huong Nguyen and Jessica Culler President Barack Obama’S Arrival Onboard Air Force One on Sunday, Sept Fall 2011 - A Quarterly Publication Thousands turn out to tour airborne observatory at Ames The Stratospheric Observatory for In- frared Astronomy (SOFIA) visited NASA Ames and provided a rare opportunity to tour the airborne observatory in October. News media and Ames employees were invited to tour on Friday, Oct. 14 and the public on Saturday, Oct. 15. On Friday, an estimated 2,500 people, including representatives from CNET, Fox News, KQED (PBS), New Scientist, Space. com, Mountain View Patch and the San Mateo Daily Journal attended the event. On Saturday, an estimated 5,500 people visited Ames to tour SOFIA. See page 6 for a feature about the SOFIA visit. NASA photo by Doiminic Hart President lands at Moffett Field during Silicon Valley visit BY HUONG NGUYEN AND JESSICA CULLER President Barack Obama’s arrival onboard Air Force One on Sunday, Sept. 25, 2011, at Moffett Federal Airfield marked his first land- ing at NASA Ames. Center Director Pete Worden met President Barack Obama upon his arrival. "I had the honor to meet President Obama when he arrived at Moffett Federal Airfield," said Worden, who along with San Jose Mayor Chuck Reed and Mountain View Mayor Jac Siegel, greeted the president. "It was fitting that the president came to Silicon Valley to talk about his job creation plan, given how critical Silicon Valley is to the future of the U.S. economy," Worden said. NASA Ames is an integral com- ponent of the world-renowned inno- vation economy and actively partici- pates in the valley’s technological Photo credit: Official White House Photo by Pete Souza and scientific evolution. The center NASA Ames Research Center Director Pete Worden greets President Barack Obama during the plays a key role in the success of the president’s visit in late September. local economy, specifically by invest- ing in research and development, continued on page 11 www.nasa.gov NASA scientist unveils new chemical detection technology NASA’s Kepler Discovery confirms first planet orbiting two stars BY CATHY WESELBY BY MICHELE JOHNSON NASA scientists are creating The existence of a world with a technology that can detect hazardous double sunset, as portrayed in the film chemical compounds in the air with a Star Wars more than 30 years ago, smart phone. is now scientific fact. NASA’s Kepler Jing Li, a physical scientist at mission made the first unambiguous NASA Ames, demonstrated this in- detection of a circumbinary planet -- a novative technology called Cell-All in a planet orbiting two stars -- 200 light- years from Earth. training exercise on Sept. 28, 2011, at Unlike Star Wars’ Tatooine, the the Los Angeles Fire Department. planet is cold, gaseous and not The technology was used to detect thought to harbor life, but its discovery carbon monoxide in a response and demonstrates the diversity of planets rescue training exercise for Los Ange- in our galaxy. Previous research has les fire and police departments. The hinted at the existence of circumbinary U.S. Department of Homeland Secu- planets, but clear confirmation proved rity's Science and Technology (S&T) elusive. Kepler detected such a planet, Directorate, in partnership with the Los known as Kepler-16b, by observing Angeles Fire Department, Los Angeles transits, where the brightness of a par- ent star dims from the planet crossing Police Department and the California in front of it. Environmental Protection Agency, “This discovery confirms a new sponsored the training exercise. class of planetary systems that could "This new technology can enhance NASA photo by Dominic Hart harbor life,” Kepler principal investiga- both personal and public safety by uti- The latest-generation of the multiple-channel silicon-based sensing chip, which consists of 64 tor William Borucki said. “Given that lizing a common device, such as a cell nanosensors, and measures less than one square centimeter. Each side has 16 nanosensors most stars in our galaxy are part of a Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/T. Pyle phone, to detect hazardous chemi- – all that is needed for cell phone use. binary system, this means the op- cals," said Stephen Dennis, technical portunities for life are much broader This artist's concept illustrates Kepler-16b, the first planet known to definitively orbit two stars than if planets form only around single -- what's called a circumbinary planet. The planet, which can be seen in the foreground, was director of S&T’s Homeland Security discovered by NASA's Kepler mission. The two orbiting stars regularly eclipse each other, Advanced Research Projects Agency. the option of using the sensor in a Ames and a prototype developed in stars. This milestone discovery con- firms a theory that scientists have had as seen from our point of view on Earth. The planet also eclipses, or transits, each star, and "Our goal is to create a lightweight, personal mode, which provides per- partnership between Qualcomm Inc., Kepler data from these planetary transits allowed the size, density and mass of the planet to sonal alerts, or opting-in to a network San Diego, Calif., and Synkera Tech- for decades but could not prove until cost-effective, power-efficient resource now.” be extremely well determined. The fact that the orbits of the stars and the planet align within for widespread public use." service, providing anonymous reports nologies Inc., Longmont, Colo. A research team led by Laurance a degree of each other indicate that the planet formed within the same circumbinary disk that The Cell-All technology, consist- of the environmental condition to local To see images of the cell phone Doyle of the SETI Institute in Mountain the stars formed within, rather than being captured later by the two stars. ing of an energy-efficient sensor and responder networks. sensors, visit: http://www.nasa.gov/ View, Calif., used data from the Kepler cell phone application, detects toxic Two different prototypes of Cell-All centers/ames/news/features/2009/ space telescope, which measures chemicals and alerts individuals and were demonstrated: one developed by cell_phone_sensors.html dips in the brightness of more than showed the third body was circling, than our sun. One is 69 percent the public safety authorities. Users have NASA’s Center for Nanotechnology at 150,000 stars, to search for transit- not just one, but both stars, in a wide mass of the sun and the other only ing planets. Kepler is the first NASA circumbinary orbit. 20 percent. Kepler-16b orbits around mission capable of finding Earth-size The gravitational tug on the stars, both stars every 229 days, similar to planets in or near the “habitable zone,” measured by changes in their eclipse Venus’ 225-day orbit, but lies outside National Science Conference focuses on diversity the region in a planetary system where times, was a good indicator of the the system’s habitable zone, where liquid water can exist on the surface of mass of the third body. Only a very liquid water could exist on the surface, BY RUTH DASSO MARLAIRE the orbiting planet. slight gravitational pull was detected, because the stars are cooler than our NASA Ames is supporting the and organizations dedicated to sci- available were exhibits and field trips Scientists detected the new planet one that only could be caused by sun. in the Kepler-16 system, a pair of orbit- a small mass. The findings are de- “Working in film, we often are efforts of the Society for Advance- ence, technology, engineering, and to NASA Ames and local universi- ing stars that eclipse each other from scribed in a new study published Fri- tasked with creating something never ment of Chicanos and Native Ameri- mathematics (STEM) and research, ties. our vantage point on Earth. When the day, Sept. 16, in the journal Science. before seen,” said visual effects super- cans in Science (SACNAS) to bring teaching and leadership. SACNAS On Saturday, Oct. 29, SACNAS smaller star partially blocks the larger “Most of what we know about the visor John Knoll of Industrial Light & together a national network of talent- fosters the success of Hispanic/ hosted its local Community Day, star, a primary eclipse occurs, and a sizes of stars comes from such eclips- Magic, a division of Lucasfilm Ltd., in ed students and science profession- Chicano and Native American sci- designed to serve 500 local high secondary eclipse occurs when the ing binary systems, and most of what San Francisco. smaller star is occulted, or completely we know about the size of planets “However, more often than not, als committed to increasing diverse entists—from college students to school students. NASA astronaut blocked, by the larger star. comes from transits,” said Doyle, who scientific discoveries prove to be individuals’ participation in science. professionals—to attain advanced and Navy Commander John Her- Astronomers further observed that also is the lead author and a Kepler more spectacular than anything we The 2011 SACNAS National degrees, careers, and positions of rington, a member of the Chickasaw the brightness of the system dipped participating scientist. “Kepler-16 dare imagine. There is no doubt these Conference, titled “Empowering leadership in science. tribe, delivered a keynote address to even when the stars were not eclips- combines the best of both worlds, with discoveries influence and inspire sto- Innovation and Synergy through The conference included work- the Community Day audience. ing one another, hinting at a third body. stellar eclipses and planetary transits rytellers. Their very existence serves The additional dimming in brightness in one system.” as cause to dream bigger and open Diversity,” was held at the San Jose shops, scientific symposia, network- events, called the tertiary and quater- This discovery confirms that Ke- our minds to new possibilities beyond McEnery Convention Center Oct.
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