The Hertzsprung - Russell Diagram Today You Will Be Making the Hertzsprung - Russell Diagram

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Name: ___________________________________ The Hertzsprung - Russell diagram Today you will be making the Hertzsprung - Russell diagram. The H-R diagram allows astronomers to classify stars into groups. The two axes for this graph will be temperature and magnitude. When we refer to temperature, we are talking about the surface of the star. The surface temperature is much cooler. For example, our sun’s surface temperature is ~5,500K to 6,000 K. Kelvin is a temperature scale very similar to Celsius. Absolute magnitude is a measurement of how bright a star really is. This is determined by its size and by its temperature. Even though it might look bright in our sky, we try to compare all stars as if we were standing the exact same distance away from each one. This magnitude value is stated by calculating how bright the object would shine at a fixed distance away in space, ~32.6 light years (10 parsecs for those wanting another measurement to think about). Main sequence stars Temperature Magnitude Red Giant stars Temperature Magnitude Bellatrix 18000 -2.0 Capella 5000 -0.6 Regulus 12000 -0.6 Pollux 4650 0.8 Spica 19500 -2.0 Arcturus 4500 -0.3 Beta Centauri 21000 -3.0 Aldebaran 3900 -0.2 Achernar 16500 -3.0 Beta Tauri 12000.0 -2 Beta Crucis 21000.0 -3.9 Red Super Giant Alpha Crucis 19500.0 -4 Rigel 11000 -6.8 Vega 9750 0.5 Deneb 8500 -6.9 Castor 9250 0.9 Canopus 7400 -3.1 Beta Carinae 9750.0 -0.4 Antares 3500 -4.5 Sirius A 9250.0 1.5 Betelgeuse 3200 -5.5 Formalhaut 8500 2.0 Altair 7750 2.2 White Dwarfs Procyon A 6500 2.6 Sirius B 8100 11.4 Alpha Centauri A 5750 4.4 Procyon B 6500 13.1 Sun 5750 4.9 Tau Ceti 5344 5.7 Epsilon Eridani 4500 6.1 Epsilon Indi 4250 7 Cygni A 3800 7.5 Cygni B 3700 8 Alpha Centauri B 3900 5.8 Kapteyn's Star 3400 11.2 Lacaille 8760 3200 8.8 Lacaille 21185 3000 10.5 Bernard's Star 2600 13.2 Ross 614A 2500 13.3 Kruger 60B 2500 13.4 Ross 248 2800 14.7 Use the data on the previous page to plot an H-R diagram. The x-axis is the temperature and the y-axis is the magnitude. Plot each group of stars in a different color. -10.0 -5.0 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 Questions: 1. What is the relationship between temperature and magnitude for stars on the main sequence? 2. What would be the magnitude of a star with a temperature of 25,000 located on the main sequence? 3. How can we tell that red giant stars are very large stars, from just their position in the HR diagram? 4. What event would prompt a star to leave the main sequence? 5. What causes stars to display different colors? .

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Occuttau'm@Newsteuer
Occuttau'm@Newsteuer Volume IV, Number 3 january, 1987 ISSN 0737-6766 Occultation Newsletter is published by the International Occultation Timing Association. Editor and compos- itor: H. F. DaBo11; 6N106 White Oak Lane; St. Charles, IL 60174; U.S.A. Please send editorial matters, new and renewal memberships and subscriptions, back issue requests, address changes, graze prediction requests, reimbursement requests, special requests, and other IOTA business, but not observation reports, to the above. FROM THE PUBLISHER IOTA NEWS This is the first issue of 1987. Some reductions in David Id. Dunham prices of back issues are shown below. The main purpose of this issue is to distribute pre- dictions and charts for planetary and asteroidal oc- When renewing, please give your name and address exactly as they ap- pear on your mailing label, so that we can locate your file; if the cultations that occur during at least the first part label should be revised, tell us how it should be changed. of 1987. As explained in the article about these If you wish, you may use your VISA or NsterCard for payments to IOTA; events starting on p. 41, the production of this ma- include the account number, the expiration date, and your signature. terial was delayed by successful efforts to improve Card users must pay the full prices. If paying by cash, check, or the prediction system and various year-end pres- money order, please pay only the discount prices. Full Discount sures, including the distribution o"' lunar grazing price price occultation predictions. Unfortunately, this issue IOTA membership dues (incl.
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Occuttau'm@Newsteter
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