Marvels of Tribals :Ikyq
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LoPN Hkkjr Marvels of Tribals :ikyq jktiwj Voices from Rupaloo Rajpur An equitable and inclusive approach to end open defecation in Tribal communities- Alirajpur, Madhya Pradesh Government of Madhya Pradesh “Cleanliness is next to godliness. Let us stop defecating in open and save our health, wealth, dignity, privacy and time” (Shivraj Singh Chouhan) Chief Minister for every child UNICEF, Madhya Pradesh Government of Madhya Pradesh Equity and inclusiveness are important for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. None of the targets can be achieved without equity and inclusion. As we are moving close to universal access to safe sanitation, the challenges related to equity and inclusion are emerging in many folds. The ODF journey of Alirajpur is a learning platform to address the issues. Swachh Bharat Mission has made much headway in terms of providing access to household sanitation and creating open defecation free communities in the State. The Census of India, 2011 ranked the State as second lowest performer in the country in terms of latrine within the rural premises. Despite challenges, the State has shown outstanding performance in scaling up Community Approaches to Sanitation (CAS) equitably in all its villages. The household sanitation coverage in rural areas of the State has increased from 29% as on 2 October 2014 to above 87% as on 25 April 2018. More than that, 20 districts, 25428 villages (49.7%) and 10380 Gram Panchayats (45%) have been declared as ODF. The achievement in Alirajpur is exemplary. The State is committed to become open defecation free by 2nd October 2018. This requires equitable contribution of each non-ODF district to the average pace. Alirajpur journey will help us in addressing the challenges. Asit Gopal State Program Officer Swachh Bharat Mission-G, Madhya Pradesh TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Acronyms ................................................................................................................................ 1 Squatting with equity ............................................................................................................................ 2 1: BACKGROUND............................................................................................................................. 4 1.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Rural Sanitation in Madhya Pradesh..................................................................................... 5 1.3 Sanitation Revolution.................................................................................................................. 5 1.4 Equity & Inclusion: Challenges.................................................................................................. 6 2: ADDRESSING EQUITY IN SANITATION-THE ALIRAJPUR WAY........................... 9 Context 2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 9 2.2 Challenges in Alirajpur, the tribal dominant district............................................................ 9 2.3 Framework of Community Approaches to Sanitation (CAS).............................................11 2.4 Equity focused CAS: Unique in Alirajpur ODF Journey Interventions...............................16 2.5 ODF- a collective responsibility..............................................................................................18 Planning & Implementation 2.6 Tapping Synergy ..................................................................................................................... 20 2.7 Community managed monitoring & surveillance ............................................................... 22 2.8 Innovative approaches to create enabling environment................................................... 25 3: WAY FORWARD: Sustaining ODF Status...................................................................... 26 4: INCLUDING EXCLUDED......................................................................................................... 30 4.1 Eklavya - The Royal Guard.................................................................................................... 31 4.2 Migrant Brick Klin workers become a part of rural sanitation ...................................... 32 4.3 A beacon to the Tribals of Alirajpur..................................................................................... 34 4.4 Illuminati Teens Make the Misision Possible ........................................................................ 35 List of Acronyms ASHA Accredited Social Health Activist AWW Anganwadi Workers BCC Behaviour Change Communication CATS Community Approaches to Total Sanitation CEO Chief Executive Officer DBT Direct Benefit Transfer GP Gram Panchayat GRS Gram Rozgar Sahayak IEC Information Education and Communication IHHL Individual Household Latrine IIM Indian Institute of Management IPC Inter Personal Communication MP Madhya Pradesh NBA Nirmal Bharat Abhiyaan NGP Nirmal Gram Puruskar NFHS National Family and Health Survey OD Open Defecation ODF Open Defecation Free PHC Primary Health Centres PRI Panchayati Raj Institutions SBCC Social and Behaviour Change Communication SBM Swachh Bharat Mission SBM (G) Swachh Bharat Mission Gramin SC Scheduled Caste SHG Self-Help Group ST Scheduled Tribe RTGS Real Time Gross Settlement TSC Total Sanitation Campaign UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund WASH Water and Sanitation Hygiene 1 Squatting With Equity Rupaloo Rajpur……this was our call, this is our vision. Wondering why? Because, in our local dialect Rupaloo means aesthetic, the sense of beauty. Cleanliness is a pathway to make surrounding aesthetic appreciating. As it was realized, we acted upon and achieved it. We, the people of 7512 tribal communities of Madhya Pradesh, are living in the most difficult to reach areas, have finally able to end the age old practice of easing in open, forever. It took less than 720 days. We did not count the days, but counted the quantum of excreta reduced in open on each day, in every moment. Now we have our loo, none of us defecate in open. But it was not like now. The virgin forest, the vibrant bushes, the vicious terrains were definitely moaning when we used to make them filthy and fecally contaminated. We were not habituated to use water for ablution. Use of dagra (stone) for cleaning was our tradition, our generational practice. All changed all of a sudden. Wondering how? A silent revolution has swept away the old order. Wondering, what we were then and who we are now………. Now our children go to school regularly and come back with new learning, we learn from them. Now our women raise their voice and choice, we listen to them. Now new leaders are up in arms, we follow them. We, nearly 1 million people of 537 villages spanning 6 blocks of Alirajpur district have made the mission possible. We are the one among the largest contributors to tribal population of the Nation. Unfortunately, we largely contribute to the infant mortality, stunting and illiteracy of the country too. Now we must save our hardcore income. Our children will definitely thrive and grow. They must play as long as they want, with renewed zeal and recharged energy. Our daughters will surely go to school and learn and walk with dignity. Women will certainly be freed from day light imprisonment. Mothers must have healthy babies on their lap. Sanitation is a radical health alternative, at least to us. Remaining clean is now more than a mission, a passion, at last for us. 3 1BACKGROUND 1.1 Introduction Being the tribal heart land, MP is the second Open Defecation Free (odf) largest state by area and sixth largest by ODF commune is a global policy priority. The population. The State, spreads over 308,000 Sustainable Development Goals call for square kilometers, is bordered in the North-East complete elimination of open defecation by by Uttar Pradesh, in South-East by Chattishgarh, 2030. India has taken an ambitious challenge to in South by Maharashtra, in West by Guirat and achieve it by 2019. SBM has not only made ODF North-West by Rajasthan. The state is having a buzzword but also defined it with measurable 72.6 million people catered in 51201 villages indicators. Sanitation is a state subject and spanning 22824 Gram Panchayats of 313 flexibility has been awarded to the states Blocks (sub-districts) in 51 districts. MP is the developing specific protocol to measure ODF largest contributor of tribal population in India. under the purview of its principle. SBM has According to Census 2011, it contributes to defined ODF as “the termination of fecal-oral 14.7% of the total tribes in the country, i.e. 15.3 transmission, defined by: million out of 104.3 million. Nearly 46 tribal 1 . N o v i s i b l e f e c e s f o u n d i n t h e groups including 5 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal environment/village; Groups contribute to 21.2% of the state 2.Every household as well as public/community population. institutions using safe technology option for Madhya Pradesh has historically been disposal of feces. one of the slow movers in terms of access and usage of household sanitation in rural areas. The Madhya Pradesh has developed its own norms Census of India, 2011 ranked the state as second and standards to mentor and monitor the lowest performer in the country having latrine attainment of and attachment with ODF. The within the rural premises. The state has also been indicators