9Ways to Reduce Your Cancer Risk

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9 ways to reduce your cancer risk Up to half of cancer cases in the United States could be prevented through healthy lifestyle behaviors. Maintain a healthy weight Being overweight or obese increases your risk for certain cancers, including uterine, colorectal and post-menopausal breast cancer. Eat a plant-based diet Fill 2/3 of your plate with vegetables, fruits and whole grains. Fill the remaining 1/3 with lean animal protein or plant-based protein. Limit red meat and processed meat. Stay active Sit less. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate or 75 minutes of vigorous physical activity each week. Do muscle-strengthening exercises at least twice a week. Don’t smoke or use tobacco If you do smoke, quit by using a program that includes a combination of medications, nicotine replacement like patches or gum, and counseling. Vaping has not been proven as a safe alternative to smoking or as a smoking cessation tool. Limit alcohol For cancer prevention, it’s best not to drink alcohol. It is linked to several cancers, including breast, colorectal and liver cancer. Get vaccinated All males and females ages 9–26 should get the HPV vaccine. It is most effective when given at ages 11–12. Unvaccinated men and women ages 27–45 should talk to their doctor about the benefits of the vaccine. Children and adults should be vaccinated against hepatitis B. Get screened Screening exams can find cancer early, when it is most treatable. They also find viruses that increase your cancer risk. Ask your doctor about screening exams for you based on your age, gender and risk factors. Protect yourself from UV rays Limit your exposure to the UV rays emitted by the sun and tanning beds. If you must be in the sun, wear sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher. Know your family history About 5-10% of cancers are inherited. Talk to your family about their medical history so your doctor can assess your risk. Our cancer prevention specialists are experts in cancer risk reduction and early detection. Appointments available 713-745-8040 The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center | July 2021 | 713-792-3363.

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Cancer Prevention Works. Reliable. Trusted. Scientific
The work of CDC in 2018 included innovative communication approaches to promote cancer prevention, screening and early detection, research, and evidence-based programs. Achieving Progress in Programs CDC’s National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program CDC’s Colorectal Cancer Control Program (CRCCP) supported (NCCCP) celebrated 20 years of providing guidance to help 30 state, university, tribal organization grantees partnering programs put sustainable plans in action to prevent and with health systems to increase colorectal cancer screening in control cancer. More than 98,000 people have contributed high-need populations. For the 413 clinics enrolled in program to cancer coalitions and 69 cancer plans have been created year 1, screening rates increased 8.3 percentage points by the and updated. end of program year 2. Improving and Connecting Data to Prevention Through the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR), data is now available for cancer prevalence and survival rates, along with incidence and mortality data at the national, state, and county level. Data can be easily and quickly viewed in multiple formats using our new interactive data visualization tool. Publications: Using Data to Inform Prevention Strategies Uterine cancer incidence and death rates increased among women in United States from 1999–2016. (Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)). CDC’s skin cancer prevention study demonstrates that state indoor tanning laws work as policy interventions to reduce indoor tanning behavior among adolescents. (American Journal of Public Health (AJPH)). Study results showed that the nation achieved the Healthy People 2020 target to reduce indoor tanning prevalence to 14% among CDC’s human papillomavirus adolescents in (HPV) study shows increasing grades 9 through rates of new HPV-associated 12, several years cancers among men and ahead of time.
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Principles of Cancer Prevention and Will Emphasize the Scientific Underpinnings of This Emerging Discipline
Seminars in Oncology Nursing, Vol 21, No 4 (November), 2005: pp 229-235 229 OBJECTIVE: To summarize the scientific prin- ciples underlying cancer preven- tion. PRINCIPLES OF DATA SOURCES: Articles, text books, personal com- CANCER munications, and experience. CONCLUSION: PREVENTION The scientific basis of cancer pre- vention is complex and involves experimental and epidemiologic approaches and clinical trials. FRANK L. MEYSKENS,JR AND PATRICIA TULLY IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: ANCER prevention has classically encompassed As more information becomes three large areas of clinical practice: prevention, available regarding proven and screening, and early detection. Several excellent potential cancer-prevention strate- reviews and book chapters have been published gies, oncology nurses are regu- involving these topics.1-3 The importance of bio- larly called upon to guide patients Clogical and molecular markers as potential surrogates have been and others in making choices re- emphasized in the past several years,4,5 and more recently precan- garding preventative options. It is cers or intraepithelial neoplasia (IEN) have become a target.6,7 The important for oncology nurses to integration of the well-established approaches of prevention, stay abreast of this growing body screening, and early detection with biological measures of disease of knowledge. risk, progression, and prognosis has become the hallmark of mod- ern cancer prevention (see Fig 1). In this article we will review the principles of cancer prevention and will emphasize the scientific underpinnings of this emerging discipline. The principles of cancer prevention have evolved from three separate scientific disciplines: carcinogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical trials. Many other areas From the Department of Medicine and of science and medicine, including genetics and the behavioral Biological Chemistry, Chao Family Com- sciences, are contributing to this evolving and complex field.
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Cancer: an Evolutionary Perspective
Central Journal of Cancer Biology & Research Case Report *Corresponding author Rajdeep Chowdhury, Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Cancer: An Evolutionary (BITS), Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India, Tel: 91- 1596515608; Email: Perspective Submitted: 25 June 2015 Jyothi Nagraj, Sudeshna Mukherjee and Rajdeep Chowdhury* Accepted: 29 July 2015 Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, India Published: 31 July 2015 Copyright Abstract © 2015 Chowdhury et al. Cancer is intricately linked to our evolutionary history. The origin and progression OPEN ACCESS of cancer can hence be better understood when viewed from an evolutionary perspective. In this review, we portray the fundamental fact that within the complex Keywords ecosystem of the human body, the cancerous cells also evolve. Just like any organism, • Cancer they face diverse selective pressure to adapt to the tumor environment. There exists • Evolution a competitive struggle that eliminates the unfit, leaving the well-adapted to thrive. • Natural selection Sequential acquisition of “driver mutations”, chromosomal instability triggering macro- • Macro-mutation mutations and punctuated bursts of genetic changes can all hypothetically contribute • Atavism to the origin and evolution of cancer. We further describe that like in any ecosystem, • Antagonistic pleiotropy cancer evolution involves not just the cancerous cells but also its interaction with the • Cannibalism environment. However, as cancer evolves, individual cells behave more like a uni- • Contagious cancer cellular organism focused on its own survival. We also discuss evidences where cancer has evolved through transmission between individuals. An evolutionary analogy can open up new vistas in the treatment of this dreadful disease. ABBREVIATIONS of the human body, cells tend to accumulate mutations over time as they react to the changing tissue environment.
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(WHO). Cancer Control: Knowledge Into Action
The World Health Organization estimates that 7.6 million people died of cancer in 2005 and 84 million people will die in the next 10 years if action is not taken. Cancer Control More than 70% of all cancer deaths occur in low and middle income countries, where resources available for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancer are Knowledge into Action limited or nonexistent. WHO Guide for Effective Programmes Yet cancer is to a large extent avoidable. Over 40% of all cancers can be prevented. Some of the most common cancers are curable if detected early and treated. Even with late cancer, the suffering of patients can be relieved with good palliative care. Cancer control: knowledge into action: WHO guide for effective programmes is a series of six modules offering guidance on all important aspects of effective cancer control planning and implementation. This second module, Prevention, provides practical advice for programme managers in charge of developing or scaling up cancer prevention activities. It shows how to implement cancer prevention by controlling major avoidable cancer risk factors. It also recommends strategies for establishing or strengthening cancer prevention programmes. Using this Prevention module, programme managers in every country, regardless of resource level, can conﬁ dently take steps to curb the cancer epidemic. They can save lives and prevent unnecessary suffering caused by cancer. ISBN 92 4 154711 1 Prevention Cancer Control Knowledge into Action WHO Guide for Effective Programmes Prevention WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Prevention. (Cancer control : knowledge into action : WHO guide for effective programmes ; module 2.) 1.Neoplasms – prevention and control.
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Nutrition and Cancer Prevention No Single Food Or Food Component Can Protect You Against Cancer by Itself, but a Diet Filled with Think About
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Occupational Cancer - Prevention and Control
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V=Thr1yokvdtk the Following Content Is Provided Under a Creative Commons License
MITOCW | watch?v=THR1YOKVdtk The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: Last time I told you about oncogenes. Oncogenes-- we discussed the fact that these were gain of function mutations that occur in cancer cells-- that occur in normal cells as they develop into cancer cells, and then occur in cancer cells. And we discussed the fact that these are dominant mutations. And this was exemplified by the Weinberg experiment in which he transferred a dominant oncogene into a "normal cell' and caused that cell to become transformed despite the fact that it had normal copies of the same gene in its genome-- definition of a dominant mutation. We also talked about tumor suppressor genes. And tumor suppressor genes importantly, carry within them loss of function mutations in the context of cancer. Loss of function mutations, as such, these mutations are recessive mutations at the cellular level. It's necessary to inactivate both copies of a tumor suppressor gene in order to give rise to a cell that's lacking that function altogether. And that's a cell that is on its way to becoming a cancer cell. And these loss of function mutations can be various. You might find nonsense mutations in a tumor suppressor gene-- blocks the production of the protein. You might find a deletion. It takes out the entire gene, or a big portion of the gene.
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