Best Environmental Practices and Alternative Technologies for Medical Waste Management
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Non-Incineration Medical Waste Treatment Technologies
Non-Incineration Medical Waste Treatment Technologies A Resource for Hospital Administrators, Facility Managers, Health Care Professionals, Environmental Advocates, and Community Members August 2001 Health Care Without Harm 1755 S Street, N.W. Unit 6B Washington, DC 20009 Phone: 202.234.0091 www.noharm.org Health Care Without Harm 1755 S Street, N.W. Suite 6B Washington, DC 20009 Phone: 202.234.0091 www.noharm.org Printed with soy-based inks on Rolland Evolution, a 100% processed chlorine-free paper. Non-Incineration Medical Waste Treatment Technologies A Resource for Hospital Administrators, Facility Managers, Health Care Professionals, Environmental Advocates, and Community Members August 2001 Health Care Without Harm www.noharm.org Preface THE FOUR LAWS OF ECOLOGY . Meanwhile, many hospital staff, such as Hollie Shaner, RN of Fletcher-Allen Health Care in Burlington, Ver- 1. Everything is connected to everything else, mont, were appalled by the sheer volumes of waste and 2. Everything must go somewhere, the lack of reduction and recycling efforts. These indi- viduals became champions within their facilities or 3. Nature knows best, systems to change the way that waste was being managed. 4. There is no such thing as a free lunch. Barry Commoner, The Closing Circle, 1971 In the spring of 1996, more than 600 people – most of them community activists – gathered in Baton Rouge, Up to now, there has been no single resource that pro- Louisiana to attend the Third Citizens Conference on vided a good frame of reference, objectively portrayed, of Dioxin and Other Hormone-Disrupting Chemicals. The non-incineration technologies for the treatment of health largest workshop at the conference was by far the one care wastes. -
Medical Waste Treatment Technologies
Medical Waste Treatment Technologies Ruth Stringer International Science and Policy Coordinator Health Care Without Harm Dhaka January 2011 Who is Health Care Without Harm? An International network focussing on two fundamental rights: • Right to healthcare • Right to a healthy environment Health Care Without Harm • Issues • Offices in – Medical waste –USA –Mercury – Europe – PVC – Latin America – Climate and health – South East Asia – Food • Key partners in – Green buildings –South Africa – Pharmaceuticals – India –Nurses – Tanzania – Safer materials –Mexico • Members in 53 countries Global mercury phase-out • HCWH and WHO partnering to eliminate mercury from healthcare • Part of UN Environment Programme's Mercury Products Partnership. • www.mercuryfreehealthcare.org • HCWH and WHO are principal cooperating agencies • 8-country project to reduce impacts from medical waste – esp dioxins and mercury • Model hospitals in Argentina, India, Latvia, Lebanon, the Philippines, Senegal and Vietnam • Technology development in Tanzania Incineration No longer a preferred treatment technology in many places Meeting modern emission standards costs millions of dollars Ash must be treated as hazardous waste Small incinerators are highly polluting Maintenance costs can be high, breakdowns common Decline in Medical Waste Incinerators in the U.S. 8,000 6,200 6,000 5,000 4,000 2,400 2,000 Incinerators 115 83 57 #of Medical Waste Waste Medical #of 0 1988 1994 1997 2003 2006 2008 Year SOURCES: 1988: “Hospital Waste Combustion Study-Data Gathering Phase,” USEPA, December 1998; 1994: “Medical Waste Incinerators-Background Information for Proposed Standards and Guidelines: Industry Profile Report for New and Existing Facilities,” USEPA, July 1994; 1997: 40 CFR 60 in the Federal Register, Vol. -
Waste Technologies: Waste to Energy Facilities
WASTE TECHNOLOGIES: WASTE TO ENERGY FACILITIES A Report for the Strategic Waste Infrastructure Planning (SWIP) Working Group Complied by WSP Environmental Ltd for the Government of Western Australia, Department of Environment and Conservation May 2013 Quality Management Issue/revision Issue 1 Revision 1 Revision 2 Revision 3 Remarks Date May 2013 Prepared by Kevin Whiting, Steven Wood and Mick Fanning Signature Checked by Matthew Venn Signature Authorised by Kevin Whiting Signature Project number 00038022 Report number File reference Project number: 00038022 Dated: May 2013 2 Revised: Waste Technologies: Waste to Energy Facilities A Report for the Strategic Waste Infrastructure Planning (SWIP) Working Group, commissioned by the Government of Western Australia, Department of Environment and Conservation. May 2013 Client Waste Management Branch Department of Environment and Conservation Level 4 The Atrium, 168 St George’s Terrace, PERTH, WA 6000 Locked Bag 104 Bentley DC WA 6983 Consultants Kevin Whiting Head of Energy-from-Waste & Biomass Tel: +44 207 7314 4647 [email protected] Mick Fanning Associate Consultant Tel: +44 207 7314 5883 [email protected] Steven Wood Principal Consultant Tel: +44 121 3524768 [email protected] Registered Address WSP Environmental Limited 01152332 WSP House, 70 Chancery Lane, London, WC2A 1AF 3 Table of Contents 1 Introduction .................................................................................. 6 1.1 Objectives ................................................................................ -
Waste Treatment Solutions
Waste Treatment Solutions Waste Treatment Solutions As industry leaders, we offer customers across North America reliable, safe and compliant solutions for over 600 hazardous waste streams, PCBs, TSCA and non-hazardous waste. Unequaled service. Solutions you can trust. USecology.com To support the needs of customers from coast to coast, US Ecology has 19 treatment and recycling facilities throughout North America, including some of the largest treatment and stabilization operations. This enables us to accept waste in a wide range of consistencies and shipping containers, from bulk liquids and solids to drums, totes and bags. Plus, our facilities are backed by six state-of-the-art hazardous and radioactive waste landfills, along with a nationwide transportation network. Treatment Processes US Ecology’s RCRA-permitted and TSCA-approved facilities US Ecology is the only commercial offer a wide variety of waste treatment technologies. treatment company in the USA • Chemical oxidation processes to treat waste that is USEPA-authorized to delist containing organic contaminants 15 inorganic hazardous wastes. • Microencapsulation to reduce the leachability Delisting offers an attractive, safe of hazardous debris streams, allowing material to be safely disposed in RCRA Subtitle C landfills and more compliant disposal • Chemical stabilization de-characterizes waste, option, particularly for those with enabling safe landfill disposal F-listed hazardous waste codes. • Thermal desorption to process and/or recycle high organic contaminated materials For more information: • Regenerative Thermal Oxidation (RTO) air Call (800) 592-5489 or management system enables management go to www.usecology.com of high-VOC, RCRA-regulated wastes • Wastewater treatment for hazardous and non-hazardous wastewater, including oily and corrosive streams • Cyanide destruction and oxidizer deactivation treatment technologies. -
Proposal for Franchise Solid Waste Services City of Goleta
Proposal for Franchise Solid Waste Services City of Goleta March 15, 2018 On August 15, 2017 Council gave direction to bring back a proposal for a ten year solid waste contract extension within twelve months for consideration. In compliance with that request, MarBorg Industries is pleased to present the City of Goleta with a Proposal for a ten year extension to the Franchise Solid Waste Services Contract for the City of Goleta. MarBorg is a long-standing partner of the City of Goleta, and hopes to continue this relationship over the next decade as solid waste regulations and handling procedures within California and Santa Barbara County evolve. This proposal builds on the current franchise agreement, maintaining all services that benefit both the Goleta rate-payers and the City of Goleta, while providing enhancements for all parties as well. These contract enhancements include: Reduced Rates • Residential Rates will be reduced by 15% from current rates. • Multi-Family Rates for can & cart customers will be reduced by 15% from current rates. • Commercial and Multi-Family bin rates will be reduced by 5% from current rates. • All rate reductions are proposed be implemented July 1, 2018, allowing customers to enjoy rate reductions prior to the end of our current agreement in 2021. • These rate reductions will save City ratepayers over $2,000,000 through the next three years of our current contract period, and will continue to serve as a rate reduction throughout the extended ten year term saving customers another $7,000,000 from current rates. Increased City Recycling Education Payment • MarBorg Industries is currently paying $25,000 per year to a City recycling education fund. -
Waste Management
10 Waste Management Coordinating Lead Authors: Jean Bogner (USA) Lead Authors: Mohammed Abdelrafie Ahmed (Sudan), Cristobal Diaz (Cuba), Andre Faaij (The Netherlands), Qingxian Gao (China), Seiji Hashimoto (Japan), Katarina Mareckova (Slovakia), Riitta Pipatti (Finland), Tianzhu Zhang (China) Contributing Authors: Luis Diaz (USA), Peter Kjeldsen (Denmark), Suvi Monni (Finland) Review Editors: Robert Gregory (UK), R.T.M. Sutamihardja (Indonesia) This chapter should be cited as: Bogner, J., M. Abdelrafie Ahmed, C. Diaz, A. Faaij, Q. Gao, S. Hashimoto, K. Mareckova, R. Pipatti, T. Zhang, Waste Management, In Climate Change 2007: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [B. Metz, O.R. Davidson, P.R. Bosch, R. Dave, L.A. Meyer (eds)], Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. Waste Management Chapter 10 Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................. 587 10.5 Policies and measures: waste management and climate ....................................................... 607 10.1 Introduction .................................................... 588 10.5.1 Reducing landfill CH4 emissions .......................607 10.2 Status of the waste management sector ..... 591 10.5.2 Incineration and other thermal processes for waste-to-energy ...............................................608 10.2.1 Waste generation ............................................591 10.5.3 Waste minimization, re-use and -
Biohazardous Waste Management Plan
BIOHAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN MARCH 2021 Environmental Health and Safety Department University of Washington Box 354400 Seattle, WA 98195-4400 Phone: 206.543.7262 FAX: 206.543.3351 www.ehs.washington.edu FOREWARD Page 2 of 22 ᅵ March 2021 FOREWARD The University of Washington Infectious Waste Committee and the Institutional Biosafety Committee have approved and provided guidance in developing and improving this Biohazardous Waste Management Plan. The Plan has been reviewed and is endorsed by the Senior Director of the Environmental Health and Safety Department (EH&S). ______________________________________________________________________________________ Katia Harb, Senior Director, Environmental Health & Safety Department (EH&S) Environmental Health & Safety | www.ehs.washington.edu | BIOHAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS March 2021 ᅵ Page 3 of 22 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWARD .......................................................................................................................................................... 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................................................................... 3 SCOPE .................................................................................................................................................................. 5 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................................................................. 6 -
A Pharmaceutical and Sharps Waste Compliance Service for Your Facilities
A pharmaceutical and sharps waste compliance service for your facilities Hospital leaders know that often staff do not correctly segregate pharmaceutical waste from sharps waste. A comingled pharmaceutical and sharps waste compliance service introduced in the Pacific Northwest a year ago takes this drug waste and puts both waste streams into one container that can be in the patient room and that helps keep hospitals compliant. Only about five percent of most hospitals’ regulated medical waste streams are RCRA hazardous pharmaceuticals. This leaves the remaining 95 percent of most hospital formularies deemed Washington State Only Dangerous Pharmaceuticals (a.k.a. non- RCRA) to be managed by staff who want to do the right thing. First they must understand the importance of disposing non-RCRA drugs in a responsible place for proper processing, as Virginia Mason in Seattle does with approximately 2,000 drugs in its formulary. There is also the challenge of maintaining a safe work environment and being OSHA compliant with sharps disposal. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that are 385,000 healthcare worker (HCW) needlestick and sharps-related injuries annually in hospitals nationwide.1 Stericycle’s Rx Waste Comingle program enables staff to dispose of both non-RCRA pharmaceutical waste and sharps waste in one container. This makes it easy on staff to quickly dispose of both waste streams conveniently while in patient rooms and helps reduce needlestick injuries during disposal. Monthly comingle reports make it easy for healthcare leaders to track and budget for appropriately managing these two important waste streams. The comingle program being offered in the Pacific Northwest helps healthcare facilities increase regulatory compliance with The Joint Commission, EPA, DOT, OSHA and, specifically in the Pacific Northwest, the Department of Ecology. -
Composting.Pdf
CCET guideline series on intermediate municipal solid waste treatment technologies Composting Prevention Product (Non-Waste) Preparing for re-use Recycling Recovery Disposal Technological Waste aspects Financial aspects Governance capability Institutional aspects Public awareness & cooperation of residents Social conditions United Nations Avenue, Gigiri National Institute for Environmental Studies IGES Centre Collaborating with UNEP PO Box 30552, 00100 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, on Environmental Technologies (CCET) Nairobi, Kenya Ibaraki 305-8506, 2108-11 Kamiyamaguchi, Hayama, Tel: +254 (0)20 762 1234 Japan Kanagawa 240-0115, Email: [email protected] www.nies.go.jp/index-e.html Japan www.unep.org Tel: +81-46-855-3840 www.ccet.jp Economy Division International Environmental Technology Centre 2-110 Ryokuchi koen, Tsurumi-ku, Osaka 538-0036, Japan Tel: +81 6 6915 4581 Email: [email protected] www.unep.org/ietc August 2020 CCET guideline series on intermediate municipal solid waste treatment technologies: Composting Authors Copyright Kosuke Kawai (National Institute for Environmental © United Nations Environment Programme, 2020 Studies, NIES), Chen Liu (Institute for Global This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part Environmental Strategies, IGES), and Premakumara and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes Jagath Dickella Gamaralalage (IGES) without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. Project Coordination of CCET Guideline series The United Nations Environment Programme would Kazunobu Onogawa (IGES), Yasuhiko Hotta (IGES), appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses Keith Alverson (UNEP IETC), Shunichi Honda (UNEP this publication as a source. IETC), Misato Dilley (UNEP IETC) No use of this publication may be made for resale or for Peer Reviewers any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior Members of the Japan Society of Material Cycles and permission in writing the United Nations Environment Waste Management (JSMCWM): Kiyohiko Nakasaki Programme. -
Waste to Energy
WASTE TO ENERGY CONSIDERATIONS FOR INFORMED DECISION-MAKING Summary for policymakers What is Waste-to-Energy? Thermal Waste-to-Energy (WtE), also known as incineration with energy recovery, is a major waste treatment method in some developed countries and the most widely adopted technology that dominates the global WtE market. The European Union, however, which has relied on waste incineration for the past few decades, is now moving away from thermal WtE and other forms of incineration and is focusing on more FLUE GAS ecologically acceptable solutions such as EMISSIONS waste prevention, reuse and recycling as INPUTS AND Flue gas emissions contain the greenhouse it shifts towards a circular economy. gases and pollutants from the waste, which OUTPUTS OF requires further treatment before emission to the atmosphere. Emissions may include THERMAL carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, nitrogen oxides, ammonia, carbon monoxide, volatile WASTE-TO- organic compounds, persistent organic ENERGY pollutants (e.g. furans and dioxins) and some heavy metals. PLANTS HEAT WASTE FEEDSTOCK Thermal energy is one of the energy products from the combustion Municipal solid waste, sorted of waste feedstock, which can or unsorted, is often used as the be used in district heating waste feedstock for thermal WtE system in plant. During the incineration process, vicinity. the volume of the waste feedstock can be greatly reduced by 90%. ELECTRICITY BOTTOM ASH Electricity is one of the energy Bottom ash is the residual material products of thermal WtE, which is from incineration. It contains the then transferred to the power grid non-combustible fraction of waste to power up households. -
Tot, Bojana. ANALYSIS of BIODEGRADABLE WASTE
ANALYSIS OF BIODEGRADABLE WASTE TREATMENT IN ORDER TO REDUCE QUANTITY OF DISPOSED WASTE Bojana Tot1 , Svjetlana Jokanović1 , Goran Vujic1 , Bojan Batinić1, Nemanja Stanisavljević1, Bojana 1 1 Beronja , Dejan Ubavin 1 Department of Environmental Engineering and Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Serbia ABSTRACT According to data obtained by analysis of quantity and composition of municipal solid waste in Republic of Serbia, the most significant waste fraction 40% represents organic waste, and roughly can be divided into food waste and garden or yard waste. In Serbia, practically all biodegradable waste ends up on non sanitary landfills, contributing to a large negative impact due to high production of methane, one of the most significant greenhouse gases (GHG). In order to comply with increasing national and international requirements, one of the main objectives is the reduction to 75% (by weight) of the total quantities of biodegradable municipal solid waste which ends up at landfill until 2016 a the first step to accomplish this requirements. This paper analyzes possible ways for the treatment of biodegradable waste from households in Serbian municipalities in order to achieve this goal. Therefore, in this paper, flows of garden and other biodegradable waste in municipal solid waste are analyzed by MFA (Material Flow Analysis) and two scenarios are presented. For decision makers in the field of waste management, the obtained information will be of great importance in order to develop an appropriate waste management system and to achieve specific targets for biodegradable waste treatment according to national and EU Directives. 1. INTRODUCION Organic waste can represent 20 to 80% of total municipal solid waste (MSW) stream, depending on the country economic development level. -
913 11 Treatment of Waste for Landfill
30/1/2020 on withdrawn was Treatmentdocument of waste for landfill Report – GEHO1111BVDF-E-E This 913_11, Version 2 Treatment of waste for landfill Version 2 Page 1 of 52 November 2011 We are the Environment Agency. We protect and improve the environment and make it a better place for people and wildlife. We operate at the place where environmental change has its greatest impact on people’s lives. We reduce the risks to people and properties from flooding; make sure there is enough water for people and wildlife; protect and improve air, land and water quality and apply the environmental standards within which industry can operate. Acting to reduce climate change and helping people and wildlife adapt to its consequences are at the heart of all that we do. We cannot do this alone. We work closely with a wide range of partners including government, business, local authorities, other agencies, civil society groups and the communities we serve. 30/1/2020 on Published by: Further copies of this report are available Environment Agency Horizon house, Deanery Road withdrawnfrom our publications catalogue: http://publications.environment- Bristol BS1 5AH Email: enquiries@environment- agency.gov.uk or our National Customer agency.gov.uk Contact Centre: T: 03708 506506 www.environment-agency.gov.uk was Email: enquiries@environment- agency.gov.uk. © Environment Agency 2011 All rights reserved. This document may be reproduced with prior permission of the Environment Agency. February 2007 amended November 2011 document This Treatment of waste for landfill Version 2 Page 2 of 52 November 2011 Overview All waste must be treated before it can be landfilled, with a few exceptions.