DON PASQUALE COMPOSER BIOGRAPHY GAETANO DONIZETTI, Composer

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DON PASQUALE COMPOSER BIOGRAPHY GAETANO DONIZETTI, Composer Gaetano Donizetti (composer/librettist), (November 29, 1719 – April 8, 1848) With nearly 70 operas to his credit, Gaetano Donizetti was a leading Italian composer of the 19th century. He was born in the northern Italian city of Bergamo in 1797 to a poor family. After showing some musical talent, he was enrolled in the town’s music school where he received free lessons. Donizetti continued his education at the Philharmonic Academy in Bologna. He received his first commission in 1818 from the Teatro San Luce in Venice. Soon he moved to Rome, where in 1822 he would have his first major success, Zoraide di Grenata. His career was just getting started. Later that year Donizetti settled in Naples and used it as a base from the next 16 years. He was able to work at the increasingly rapid pace demanded by the Italian theater industry and produced three to four operas a year for most of his life. In fact, he wrote The Elixir of Love in just eight days! During this period Donizetti successfully wrote both comic and tragic operas such as The Daughter of the Regiment (1840) and Lucia de Lammermoor (1835). Donizetti’s success in dealing with both comic and tragic settings was due in part to his own manic-depressive personality. Well-acquainted with personal misfortune, he lost in the span of eight years his mother, his father, two infant sons, an infant daughter and Virginia Vasselli, his wife of seven years. The composer never truly recuperated after her death, refusing to utter her name ever again. After a brief stay in Paris, Donizetti turned toward the Austrian state, where he became music director of the imperial theaters. After the success of his opera Linda of Chamounix (1842), he was appointed Composer to the Austrian Court, a position Mozart had held a half century before. By 1845, symptoms of a lifelong illness had become incapacitating, and Donizetti was no longer able to compose. He returned to his hometown of Bergamo where he died on April 1848. Adapted from www.operaamerica.org SAN FRANCISCO OPERA Education Materials DON PASQUALE .

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Biography of Gaetano Donizetti
Biography of Gaetano Donizetti Born on November 29, 1797 in Bergamo, Italy; wife bore him three children, none of whom survived and Died on April 8, 1848 in Bergamo. after the loss of his parents, his wife died of cholera. These personal tragedies, coupled with his disillusionment Italian composer Domenico Gaetano Maria Donizetti was with the operatic world of Naples, prompted Donizetti to born into a large impoverished family in Bergamo, Italy on move to Paris. November 29, 1797. He revealed his musical talent at a young age, and, at the age of nine, gained free admission In rehearsal for his last opera, Dom Sébastien, Donizetti’s to Simon Mayr’s school for choirboys. behaviour became erratic and obsessive. Always high- strung, his extreme behaviour began to worry his friends. Mayr became a major influence in the composer’s life. His nephew Andrea Donizetti was sent from Italy to In 1814 he provided Donizetti with the financial and persuade his uncle to visit a doctor. The visit revealed moral support he needed to move to Bologna to study that the composer was suffering from cerebro-spinal counterpoint*. Three years later, when Donizetti returned degeneration caused by syphilis, a venereal disease. to Bergamo, having decided he would be a composer of Just three days later he was sent to a sanatorium near opera, Mayr secured a contract for him with a company Paris where he stayed for more than a year. Andrea finally in Venice — for which Donizetti wrote four operas. At the received permission to bring his uncle home to Bergamo young age of 20, the composer had already demonstrated in October of 1847, by which time Donizetti was paralyzed his skill for writing complete instrumental and choral pieces and unable to speak in more than monosyllables.
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Roger Parker: Curriculum Vitae
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Gaetano Donizetti
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