Stereolithography the First 3D Printing Technology Designated May 18, 2016
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Rapid Prototyping Technology- Classification and Comparison
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 06 | June -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Rapid Prototyping Technology- Classification and Comparison Dharipalli Hyndhavi1, S.Bhanu Murthy2 1M.Tech Student, Mechanical Engineering Department, VNRVJIET, Hyderabad, India. 2Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, VNRVJIET, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Rapid Prototyping is a group of techniques used ISO/ASTM52900-15 defines seven categories of AM to quickly fabricate a prototype, develop a product of high processes: binder jetting, directed energy deposition, quality, low cost in shortest period available, using three- material extrusion, material jetting, powder bed fusion, sheet dimensional CAD data, present in stereo lithography (.STL) file lamination and vat photo polymerization. format. Construction of the part or an assembly is usually done using 3D printing which is also known as additive 2. OVERVIEW OF RAPID PROTOTYPING manufacturing technology or Layer manufacturing. 3D TECHNOLOGY printing technology has guided the technology in advancing the design and development more quickly and at a much lower Prototypes were constructed by high skilled model makers cost than with that of the conventional methods. 3D printing from standardized 2 dimensional engineering drawing. The has wide applications in research and development of process was highly expensive and time consuming. With components ranging from simple structures to complicated advancement in technology of new CAD/CAM technologies products. This paper presents an overview of rapid and layer manufacturing, prototypes are being produced prototyping technology, its importance, classification and rapidly from 3D CAD models. Rapid Prototyping method has comparison of properties of products obtained by adopting two systems for two distinct markets. -
Projet™ 6000 3D Professional Printer
ProJet™ 6000 3D Professional Printer Facility Requirements Guide Original Instructions Rev. D, P/N 40-D095 1. Table of Contents . 2 1.1 02.0 What is a Facility Requirements Guide . 3 1.2 03.0 Symbols Used in this Guide . 4 1.3 04.0 The ProJet™ 6000 System . 5 1.4 05.0 Facility Guidelines . 6 1.4.1 05.1 Moving Equipment and Access for System Installation . 7 1.4.2 05.2 ProJet™ 6000 Physical Dimensions . 8 1.4.3 05.3 Floor Specifications . 11 1.4.4 05.4 Room Size . 12 1.4.5 05.5 Electrical Requirements . 13 1.4.6 05.6 Client Workstation Requirements to Operate 3DManage . 14 1.4.7 05.7 Network Interface . 15 1.4.8 05.8 Safety Information . 16 1.4.9 05.9 Print Material Handling and Safety . 17 1.5 06.0 Operating Environment . 20 1.5.1 06.1 Air Quality and Temperature . 21 1.5.2 06.2 Humidity . 22 1.5.3 06.3 Lighting . 23 1.5.4 06.4 Vibration and Shock . 24 1.6 07.0 Limitations of Liability . 25 1.7 08.0 Safety Notice . 26 1.8 09.0 Thank You . 27 1.9 10.0 Contacting 3D Systems . 28 1.10 11.0 Ancillary Supplies and Equipment . 30 1.11 12.0 Initial Site Survey Checklist . 31 1.12 13.0 3D Connect Service . 33 1.13 14.0 Pre-Installation Checklist . 34 Table of Contents 02.0 What is a Facility Requirements Guide 03.0 Symbols Used in this Guide 04.0 The ProJet™ 6000 System 05.0 Facility Guidelines 05.1 Moving Equipment and Access for System Installation 05.2 ProJet™ 6000 Physical Dimensions 05.3 Floor Specifications 05.4 Room Size 05.5 Electrical Requirements 05.6 Client Workstation Requirements to Operate 3DManage 05.7 Network Interface 05.8 Safety -
Additive Manufacturing with Reprap Methodology: Current Situation and Future Prospects
Additive manufacturing with RepRap methodology: current situation and future prospects L. Romero1, A. Guerrero1, M. M. Espinosa1, M. Jiménez 2, I.A. Domínguez1, M. Domínguez1 1 Design Engineering Area - Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical School of Engineering - ICAI, Comillas University, Madrid, Spain Abstract In February 2004, Adrian Bowyer, from the University of Bath, began an open initiative called RepRap, with the purpose of creating an open source rapid prototyping machine which, moreover, could replicate itself. This article analizes the current status of the RepRap initiative, commenting the basic components of RepRap machines, the differences between the different 3D printers developed by the RepRap community so far, and the technical possibilities that opens this technology from the engineering point of view. In addition we propose some improvements that could be perfectly feasible in the short term. For this purpose, the assembly of a RepRap Mendel Prusa was performed, but with some modifications. 120 1. Introduction to RepRap community. A 3D printing machine (and any computing device in general) is composed of hardware (electric, electronic, electromechanic and mechanic physical components) and control software (the logical equipment as the operating system or software applications), usually both developed by companies that control them. However, there are several companies in the world that are dedicated to the development of hardware in a peculiar way: they publish the sources of their inventions and sharing them with the whole world, with the aim that users from all the planet can use them and propose improvements. This is the model of open source hardware: hardware whose design, components, tools and documentation are open and they are publicly available to anyone. -
Advanced Manufacturing Choices
Advanced Manufacturing Choices Additive Manufacturing Techniques J.Ramkumar Dept of Mechanical Engineering IIT Kanpur [email protected] 2 Table of Contents 1. Introduction: What is Additive Manufacturing 2. Historical development 3. From Rapid Prototyping to Additive Manufacturing (AM) – Where are we today? 4. Overview of current AM technologies 1. Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM) 2. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3. 3D Printing (3DP) 4. Selected Laser Sintering (SLS) 5. Electron Beam Melting (EBM) 6. Multijet Modeling (MJM) 7. Stereolithography (SLA) 5. Modeling challenges in AM 6. Additive manufacturing of architected materials 7. Conclusions 3 From Rapid Prototyping to Additive Manufacturing What is Rapid Prototyping - From 3D model to physical object, with a “click” - The part is produced by “printing” multiple slices (cross sections) of the object and fusing them together in situ - A variety of technologies exists, employing different physical principles and working on different materials - The object is manufactured in its final shape, with no need for subtractive processing How is Rapid Prototyping different from Additive Manufacturing? The difference is in the use and scalability, not in the technology itself: Rapid Prototyping: used to generate non-structural and non-functional demo pieces or batch-of-one components for proof of concept. Additive Manufacturing: used as a real, scalable manufacturing process, to generate fully functional final components in high-tech materials for low-batch, high-value manufacturing. 4 Why is Additive Manufacturing the Next Frontier? EBF3 = Electron Beam Freeform Fabrication (Developed by NASA LaRC) 5 Rapid Prototyping vs Additive Manufacturing today AM breakdown by industry today Wohlers Report 2011 ~ ISBN 0-9754429-6-1 6 From Rapid Prototyping to Additive Manufacturing A limitation or an opportunity? Rapid Prototyping in a nutshell 1. -
Rapid Prototyping Rev II
Rapid Prototyping Rev II DR. TAREK A. TUTUNJI REVERSE ENGINEERING PHILADELPHIA UNIVERSITY, JORDAN 2 0 1 5 Prototype A prototype can be defined as a model that represents a product or system. This model is usually used for functionality testing and product visualization. Prototyping is essential in the development of products and all industrial nations have prototyping centers. In fact, prototyping plays a major role in the advancement of technology. Prototype In the prototyping development cycle, initial prototypes are built, tested, and then reworked as necessary until an acceptable prototype is finally achieved from which the complete system or product can be developed. Three types of prototyping PCB Prototyping Virtual Prototyping Rapid Prototyping PCB Prototyping The production of a functional Printed Circuit Board (PCB). The product can then be tested for its functionality and reliability Virtual Prototyping Computer-based without the option of a physical part or object. It uses virtual reality to create product prototypes and test their properties. It provides a virtual 3-D prototype that can be manipulated from all views and angles. The computer program can then test many aspects of the product such as vibration, forces, materials and weight. Rapid Prototyping Produces physical prototypes in short time (within hours or days rather than weeks). These prototypes are frequently used to quickly test the product's look, dimension, and feel. Rapid prototyping usually result in plastic objects. Prototyping Advantages Provides -
SLS Systems User's Guide
S SLS ™ process user’s guide Thank-you for purchasing 3D Systems® SLS® equipment and DuraForm® materials. Before you start building parts in your SLS™ process facility, please read this guide carefully to enjoy optimum process performance and longer equipment service life. Original Instructions CONTENTS Contents ` About This Guide . 2 ` IRS & IPC. 133 ` Safety . 9 ` SLS System . 180 ` SLS Process . .43 ` BOS . 208 ` Prepare to Build . .55 ` Contacting 3D Systems . 242 ` Build Parts. .73 ` Glossary . 245 ` Break Out Parts . .90 ` Index. 268 ` RCM . .101 L In accordance with laboratory equipment safety standards (EN61010-1, Sect. 5.4.4). If this equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, protection provided by the equipment may be impaired. Observe all warning labels, and conform to all safety rules described in this manual. Document 23348-M12-00 Revision B August 2017 Copyright © 2006 by 3D Systems Corporation. All rights reserved. 3D Systems, the 3D logo, Sinterstation, sPro, SLS, and DuraForm are registered trademarks of 3D Systems, Inc. Other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. SLS process user’s guide ABOUT THIS GUIDE This guide describes how to create finished SLS parts made of DuraForm® PA plastic powder laser sintering (LS) material using 3D Systems’ sPro SLS® system and SLS equipment. ` What’s Inside?. .3 ` Instruction Formats . 6 ` Hazard Warnings. .5 ` Other Useful Documents . 7 SLS process 3 ABOUT THIS GUIDE user’s guide what’s inside? What’s Inside? This SLS Process User’s Guide includes the SLS Process Procedures sections summarized below. General safety The instructions in these four sections step you guidelines are presented first. -
DMP Factory 500
DMP Factory 500 Scalable metal additive manufacturing for seamless large parts GF Machining Solutions : all about you When all you need is everything, it’s good to know that there is one company that you can count on to deliver complete solutions and services. From world-class electrical discharge machines (EDM), Laser texturing and Additive Manufacturing through to first-class Milling and Spindles, Tooling, Automation and software systems - all backed by unrivalled customer service and support - we, through our AgieCharmilles, Microlution, Mikron Mill, Liechti, Step-Tec and System 3R technologies, help you raise your game and increase your competitive edge. 3D Systems : Making 3D production real 3D Systems is a global 3D solutions company focused on connecting our customers with the expertise and digital manufacturing workflow required to meet their business, design and engineering needs. From digitalization, design and simulation through manufacturing, inspection and management, our comprehensive portfolio of technologies provides a seamless, customizable workflow designed to optimize products and processes while accelerating outcomes. With advanced hardware, software and materials as well as on demand manufacturing services and a global team of experts, we are on a mission to transform businesses through manufacturing innovation. 2 Market introduction 4 Contents Meet the AM factory 6 Modular concept for scalability 8 Integrating additive manufacturing 9 with traditional technologies The vacuum chamber concept 10 3DXpert™ 11 Build higher -
History of Additive Manufacturing
Wohlers Report 2015 History of Additive Manufacturing History of additive This 35-page document is a part of Wohlers Report 2015 and was created for its readers. The document chronicles the history of additive manufacturing manufacturing (AM) and 3D printing, beginning with the initial by Terry Wohlers and Tim Gornet commercialization of stereolithography in 1987 to April 2014. Developments from April 2014 through March 2015 are available in the complete 314-page version of the report. An analysis of AM, from the earliest inventions in the 1960s to the 1990s, is included in the final several pages of this document. Additive manufacturing first emerged in 1987 with stereolithography (SL) from 3D Systems, a process that solidifies thin layers of ultraviolet (UV) light-sensitive liquid polymer using a laser. The SLA-1, the first commercially available AM system in the world, was the precursor of the once popular SLA 250 machine. (SLA stands for StereoLithography Apparatus.) The Viper SLA product from 3D Systems replaced the SLA 250 many years ago. In 1988, 3D Systems and Ciba-Geigy partnered in SL materials development and commercialized the first-generation acrylate resins. DuPont’s Somos stereolithography machine and materials were developed the same year. Loctite also entered the SL resin business in the late 1980s, but remained in the industry only until 1993. After 3D Systems commercialized SL in the U.S., Japan’s NTT Data CMET and Sony/D-MEC commercialized versions of stereolithography in 1988 and 1989, respectively. NTT Data CMET (now a part of Teijin Seiki, a subsidiary of Nabtesco) called its system Solid Object Ultraviolet Plotter (SOUP), while Sony/D-MEC (now D-MEC) called its product Solid Creation System (SCS). -
Future of Manufacturing Technology Rapid Prototyping Technique
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 7, Issue 5, September–October 2016, pp.117–126, Article ID: IJMET_07_05_014 Available online at http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJMET?Volume=7&Issue=5 Journal Impact Factor (2016): 9.2286 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com ISSN Print: 0976-6340 and ISSN Online: 0976-6359 © IAEME Publication FUTURE OF MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY RAPID PROTOTYPING TECHNIQUE Yembadi Koushik Varma B. Tech, Mechatronics (Mechanical) Engineering Department, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India Samatham Madhukar B. Tech, Mechanical Engineering Department, VidyaJyothi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India Bootla Akhil B. Tech, Mechanical Engineering Department, VidyaJyothi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India Pokala Saiprasanna Kumar B.Tech, Mechanical Engineering Department, Joginpally B.R Engineering College, Hyderabad, India ABSTRACT The term “Rapid Prototyping” (RP) refers to a class of technologies that can automatically construct physical models from computer-Aided Design (CAD) data or is a group of techniques used to quickly fabricate a scale model of a physical part or assembly using three-dimensional computer aided design (CAD) data. The edges and surfaces of a complex solid model and their information are used for defining a product which is further manufactured as a finished product by CNC machining. They make excellent visual aids for communicating ideas with co-workers or customers apart from design testing. Across the world, Engineering has the common language and common goal-“Improving the Quality of Life” of mankind without any boundary restrictions. The common goal can be attained by the engineers in less time by RAPID PROTOTYPING TECHNIQUE and this paper provides a better platform for researchers, new learners and product manufacturers for various applications of RP models. -
Photopolymers in 3D Printing Applications
Photopolymers in 3D printing applications Ramji Pandey Degree Thesis Plastics Technology 2014 DEGREE THESIS Arcada Degree Programme: Plastics Technology Identification number: 12873 Author: Ramji Pandey Title: Photopolymers in 3D printing applications Supervisor (Arcada): Mirja Andersson Commissioned by: Abstract: 3D printing is an emerging technology with applications in several areas. The flexibility of the 3D printing system to use variety of materials and create any object makes it an attractive technology. Photopolymers are one of the materials used in 3D printing with potential to make products with better properties. Due to numerous applications of photo- polymers and 3D printing technologies, this thesis is written to provide information about the various 3D printing technologies with particular focus on photopolymer based sys- tems. The thesis includes extensive literature research on 3D printing and photopolymer systems, which was supported by visit to technology fair and demo experiments. Further, useful information about recent technological advancements in 3D printing and materials was acquired by discussions with companies’ representatives at the fair. This analysis method was helpful to see the industrial based 3D printers and how companies are creat- ing digital materials on its own. Finally, the demo experiment was carried out with fusion deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printer at the Arcada lab. Few objects were printed out using polylactic acid (PLA) material. Keywords: Photopolymers, 3D printing, Polyjet technology, FDM -
Production of Drug Delivery Systems Using Fused Filament Fabrication: a Systematic Review
Review Production of Drug Delivery Systems Using Fused Filament Fabrication: A Systematic Review Bahaa Shaqour 1,2,*, Aseel Samaro 3, Bart Verleije 1, Koen Beyers 1, Chris Vervaet 3, and Paul Cos 2 1 Voxdale bv, Bijkhoevelaan 32C, 2110 Wijnegem, Belgium; [email protected] (B.V.); [email protected] (K.B.) 2 Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1 S.7, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; [email protected] 3 Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; [email protected] (A.S.); [email protected] (C.V.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 4 May 2020; Accepted: 3 June 2020; Published: 5 June 2020 Abstract: Fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing technology is widely used in many fields. For almost a decade, medical researchers have been exploring the potential use of this technology for improving the healthcare sector. Advances in personalized medicine have been more achievable due to the applicability of producing drug delivery devices, which are explicitly designed based on patients’ needs. For the production of these devices, a filament—which is the feedstock for the FFF 3D printer—consists of a carrier polymer (or polymers) and a loaded active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). This systematic review of the literature investigates the most widely used approaches for producing drug‐loaded filaments. It also focusses on several factors, such as the polymeric carrier and the drug, loading capacity and homogeneity, processing conditions, and the intended applications. This review concludes that the filament preparation method has a significant effect on both the drug homogeneity within the polymeric carrier and drug loading efficiency. -
Guide to Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) 3D Printing
WHITE PAPER Guide to Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) 3D Printing Selective laser sintering (SLS) 3D printing is trusted by engineers and manufacturers across different industries for its ability to produce strong, functional parts. In this white paper, we’ll cover the selective laser sintering process, the different systems and materials available on the market, the workflow for using SLS printers, the various applications, and when to consider using SLS 3D printing over other additive and traditional manufacturing methods. January 2021 | formlabs.com Contents What is Selective Laser Sintering 3D Printing? . 3 How SLS 3D Printing Works . 4 A Brief History of SLS 3D Printing . 7 Types of SLS 3D Printers . 7 Traditional Industrial SLS 3D Printers .............................7 Fuse 1: The First Benchtop Industrial SLS 3D Printer ................8 Comparison of SLS 3D Printers ..................................9 SLS 3D Printing Materials . 10 SLS Nylon 12 Material Properties ................................ 10 The SLS 3D Printing Workflow . 11 1. Design and Prepare the File ...................................11 2. Prepare the Printer ..........................................11 3. Print ...................................................... 12 4. Part Recovery and Post-Processing ........................... 13 5. Additional Post-Processing .................................. 14 Why Choose SLS 3D Printing? . 15 Design Freedom ............................................. 15 High Productivity and Throughput .............................. 16