HISTOLOGY Affects of Drugs and Nutrition KEY

HISTOLOGY –Affects of Drugs and Nutrition KEY

- Read the introduction. Part 1. – Smoking – Lungs

1. If this is looking at the microscopic air sacs of the lungs (alveoli); what tissue category does alveoli belong to and what specific type of tissue is this? (see notes)

A) Category : EPITHELIAL

B) Specific Type : SIMPLE SQUAMOUS

2. Compare both images on slide #1 and describe the key differences. Healthy cells on the left were all intact, while cells on the right slide were damaged and tissue was broken up.

3. When looking at Slide #1, keep in mind that the left slide image was magnified 130X, while the right slide image was only magnified 50X. If you use your imagination and you envision that the right slide image could be brought up to a magnification of 130X and then you compared them on an equal scale, which sample would have more surface area? Circle the correct choice below. Greater Surface Area : Normal or Abnormal

4. With having Emphysema, patients often need to have an oxygen tank and breathing tubes around their nose. Explain why this is necessary? Because they do not have enough surface area in their lung tissue to obtain enough Oxygen from the 20% oxygen in the air we breathe.

Part 2. – Glue Sniffing – Liver

1. List 4 important functions of the liver:

A) Stores Fat Soluble Vitamins

B) Cleanses Blood

C) Break down Food

D) Heal cuts and Bruises

2. What other organ is adversely affected by glue- sniffing? It can weaken the Heart Part 3. – Alcohol – Esophagus

1. According to our histology studies, the tissue lining the inside of your esophagus is best described as: Category : EPITHELIAL

Specific Type : STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS

2. Explain why alcoholics are prone to esophageal bleeds. Because alcohol wears down epithelial cells. Wears down the layers to the blood vessels.

Part 4. – Aspirin – Stomach

1. Describe the key differences between the slide of the stomach wall in the above portion of slide #4 and the slide of the stomach wall in the lower portion of the slide. The glands that secrete mucous for protection are eaten away by the Aspirin.

2. Stomach juice contains enzymes that are designed to digest PROTEIN, what problem will this pose for the exposed musculature of the stomach wall seen in the lower portion of the slide? With an ulcer, the stomach enzymes will start to digest through the muscular (protein) wall of the stomach.

Part 5. – Vitamin D Deficiency – BONES

1. Vitamin D is essential in helping bone tissue take up this element, this element is an important part of the concrete-like matrix in between the osteocytes? ELEMENT : CALCIUM

2. In third world countries, where individuals may suffer from Vitamin D Deficiency, they may develop softening of the bones. A condition known as : RICKETS

3. List 3 Vitamin D Rich Foods:

A) MILK B) EGGS C) FISH

Part 6. – Iron Deficiency

1. Blood belongs to which CATEGORY of tissue? CONNECTIVE

2. List two key differences between the normal blood on the left and the anemic blood on the right. A) Cells look hollow on the right (anemic side)

B) Colour is more faint

3. List five foods that are rich in Iron A) Liver B) Lean Meat C) Whole Wheat D) Fresh Fruits E) Vegetables Part 7. – Iodine Deficiency – Thyroid

1. The thyroid gland makes a very important hormone that controls the rate of your metabolism

– Name this hormone: THYROXIN (Thyroid Hormone) 2. When lacking iodine the Thyroid gland swells up in an effort to make this hormone. What is this swollen thyroid gland called?

- GOITER List some foods that are rich in IODINE? SEAFOOD/Iodized SALT

Part 8. – Vitamin B1 Deficiency – Heart Muscle

1. According to our handouts in Unit One – Nutrition. What is the proper name for Vitamin B-1? THIAMIN ("ThiaMIND" – Beriberi)

2.Describe the key differences between the two samples of cardiac tissue: Cardiac Tissue on the right is thin and has absorbed too much water into the tissue. This cardiac muscle tissue cannot contract effectively to pump blood properly. Depressed muscle function.