Diversity of Mammals Across Line of Latitude

Table 5 Diversity of Mammals across Line of Latitude

(Entries show occurrence any longitudinal point for a given latitude)

Species Occurrence 320 00’ N 390 30’ N 470 00’ N 540 30’ N 620 00’ N 81030’W 80000’W 77030’W 73030'W 67030'W 90 000’W 89015’W 88000’W 86000'W 83000'W 98030'W 98030'W 98030'W 98030'W 98030'W 107000’W 107045’W 109000'W 111000'W 114000'W 115030'W 117000’W 119030'W 123030'W 129030'W

Species Richness1 135 132 103 63 482

EVEN-TOED UNGULATES

Pronghorn X X X (Antilocapra americana) Mountain goat X X (Oreamnos americanus) Bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) X X X X Dall’s sheep (Ovis dalli) X Moose (Alces alces) X X X Elk (Cervus elaphus) X X Black-tailed deer X X X X (Odocoileus hemionus) White-tailed deer X X X X (Odocoileus virginianus) Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) X X Collared peccary X (Pecari tajacu)

CARNIVORES

Arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) X X Coyote (Canis latrans) X X X X X Gray wolf (Canis lupus) X X X Common gray fox X X X (Urocyon cinereoargeteus) Kit fox (Vulpes macrotis) X X Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) X X X X X Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) X X X Bobcat (Lynx rufus) X X X X Cougar (Puma concolor) X X X X Latitude 320 00’ N 390 30’ N 470 00’ N 540 30’ N 620 00’ N

Hooded skunk(Mephitis macroura) X Striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) X X X X Western spotted skunk X X (Spilogale gracilis) Eastern spotted skunk X X X (Spilogale putorius) Wolverine (Gulo gulo) X X Northern river otter X X X X X (Lontra canadensis) American martin X X X (Martes americana) Fisher (Martes pennanti) X X Ermine (Mustela erminea) X X X X Long-tailed weasel (Mustela frenata) X X X X Least weasel (Mustela nivalis) X X X X American mink (Mustela vison) X X X X X American badger (Taxidea taxus) X X X X Ringtail (Bassariscus astutus) X White-nosed coati (Nasua narica) X Northern raccoon (Procyon lotor) X X X X American black bear X X X X (Ursus americanus) Brown bear (Ursus arctos) X X Polar bear (Ursus maritimus) X X

Western mastiff bat X (Eumops perotis) Pocketed free-tailed bat X (Nyctinomops femerosaccus) Big free-tailed bat X (Nyctinomops macrotis) Brazilian free-tailed bat X X (Tadaria brasiliensis) Ghost-faced bat X (Mormoops megalophylla) Mexican long-tongued bat X (Choeronycteris mexicana) California leaf-nosed bat X (Macrotus californicus) Pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus) X X X Rafinesque’s big-eared bat X (Corynorhinus rafinesquii) Townsend’s big-eared bat X X X (Corynorhinus townsendii) Big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus) X X X X

2 Latitude 320 00’ N 390 30’ N 470 00’ N 540 30’ N 620 00’ N

Spotted bat (Euderma maculatum) X X Allen’s big-eared bat X (Idionycteris phyllotis) Silver-haired bat X X X X (Lasionycteris noctivagans) Western red bat X X (Lasiurus blossevillii) Red bat (Lasiurus borealis) X X X Hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus) X X X X X Southern yellow bat (Lasiurus ega) X Northern yellow bat X (Lasiurus intermedius) Seminole bat (Lasiurus seminolus) X Southeastern myotis X (Myotis austroriparius) California myotis X X X (Myotis californicus) Western small-footed myotis X X X X (Myotis ciliolabrum) Long-eared myotis (Myotis evotis) X X Gray myotis (Myotis grisescens) X Eastern small-footed myotis X X (Myotis leibii) Little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) X X X X X Nothern long-eared myotis X X (Myotis septentrionalis) Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis) X Fringed myotis (Myotis thysanodes) X X X Cave myotis (Myotis velifer) X X Long-legged myotis (Myotis volans) X X X X Yuma myotis (Myotis yumanensis) X X Evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis) X X Western pipistrelle X X (Pipistrellus hesperus) Eastern pipistrelle X X X (Pipistrellus subflavus)

OPOSSUMS

Virginia oppossum X X (Didelphis virginiana)

INSECTIVORES

Northern short-tailed shrew X X (Blarina brevicauda)

3 Latitude 320 00’ N 390 30’ N 470 00’ N 540 30’ N 620 00’ N

Southern short-tailed shrew X (Blarina carolinensis) Elliot’s short-tailed shrew X (Blarina hylophaga) Least shrew (Cryptotis parva) X X Desert shrew (Notiosorex crawfordi) X Arctic shrew (Sorex arcticus) X X X Cinereus shrew (Sorex cinereus) X X X X Long-tailed shrew (Sorex dispar) X Smokey shrew (Sorex fumeus) X X Prairie shrew (Sorex haydeni) X X Pygmy shrew (Sorex hoyi) X X X X Southeastern shrew X X (Sorex longirostris) Merriam’s shrew (Sorex merriami) X X Montane shrew(Sorex monticolus) X X X X Dwarf shrew (Sorex nanus) X X Ornate shrew (Sorex ornatus) X Water shrew (Sorex palustris) X X X X Barren ground shrew X (Sorex ugyunak) Vagrant ground shrew X X (Sorex vagrans) Star-nosed mole X X X X (Condylura cristata) Hairy-tailed mole X (Parascalops breweri) Eastern mole (Scalopus aquaticus) X X Broad-footed mole X (Scapanus latimanus) Coast mole (Scapanus orarius) X

RABBITS, HARES, & PIKA

Pygmy rabbit X X (Brachylagus idahoensis) Snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) X X X X Arctic hare (Lepus arcticus) X Black-tailed jackrabbit X X X (Lepus californicus) White-tailed jackrabbit X X X (Lepus townsendii) Swamp rabbit (Sylvilagus aquaticus) X Desert cottontail X X X (Sylvilagus audubonii) Brush rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani) X

4 Latitude 320 00’ N 390 30’ N 470 00’ N 540 30’ N 620 00’ N

Eastern cottontail X X X (Sylvilagus floridanus) Mountain cottontail X X (Sylvilagus nuttallii) Marsh rabbit (Sylvilagus palustris) X Collared pika (Ochotona collaris) X American pika (Ochotona princeps) X

RODENTS

American beaver X X X X X (Castor canadensis) Woodland jumping mouse X X (Napaeozapus insignis) Meadow jumping mouse X X X X (Zapus hudsonius) Western jumping mouse X X X (Zapus princeps) North American porcupine X X X X X (Erethizon dorsatum) Desert pocket gopher X (Geomys arenarius) Plains pocket gopher X X X (Geomys bursarius) Southeastern pocket gopher X (Geomys pinetus) Botta’s pocket gopher X X (Thomomys bottae) Northern pocket gopher X X X (Thomomys talpoides) Townsend’s pocket gopher X (Thomomys townsendii) Southern pocket gopher X (Thomomys umbrinus) Bailey’s pocket mouse X (Chaetodipus baileyi) California pocket mouse X (Chaetodipus californicus) Chihuahuan pocket mouse X (Chaetodipus eremicus) Long-tailed pocket mouse X (Chaetodipus formosus) Hispid pocket mouse X X (Chaetodipus hispidus) Rock pocket mouse X (Chaetodipus intermedius)

5 Latitude 320 00’ N 390 30’ N 470 00’ N 540 30’ N 620 00’ N

Desert pocket mouse X (Chaetodipus penicillatus) Spiny pocket mouse X (Chaetodipus spinatus) Desert kangaroo rat X (Dipodomys deserti) Merriam’s kangaroo rat X X (Dipodomys merriami) Chisel-toothed kangaroo rat X (Dipodomys microps) Ord’s kangaroo rat X X X (Dipodomys ordii) Dulzura kangaroo rat X (Dipodomys simulans) Banner-tailed kangaroo rat X (Dipodomys spectabilis) Dark kangaroo mouse X (Microdipops megacehpalus) Olive-backed pocket mouse X (Perognathus fasciatus) Plains pocket mouse X X X (Perognathus flavescens) Silky pocket mouse X (Perognathus flavus) Little pocket mouse X (Perognathus longimembris) Merriam’s pocket mouse X (Perognathus merriami) Great Basin pocket mouse X X (Perognathus parvus) Northern pygmy mouse X (Baiomys taylori) Southern red-backed vole X X X (Clethrionomys gapperi) Northern red-backed vole X (Clethrionomys rutilis) Richardson's collared lemming X (Dicrostonyx richardsoni) Sagebrush vole (Lemmiscus X X curtatus) Brown lemming X (Lemmus trimucronatus) Rock vole (Microtus chrotorrhinus) X Long-tailed vole X X X X (Microtus longicaudus) Singing vole X (Microtus miurus)

6 Latitude 320 00’ N 390 30’ N 470 00’ N 540 30’ N 620 00’ N

Montane vole (Microtus montanus) X X Prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster) X X X Tundra vole (Microtus oeconomus) X Meadow vole X X X X (Microtus pennsylvanicus) Woodland vole X X (Microtus pinetorum) Taiga vole (Microtus xanthognathus) X White-thoated woodrat X (Neotoma albigula) Bushy-tailed woodrat X X X X (Neotoma cinerea) Eastern woodrat X X (Neotoma floridana) Dusky-footed woodrat X (Neotoma fuscipes) Desert woodrat X X (Neotoma lepida) Allegheny woodrat X (Neotoma magister) Mexican woodrat X (Neotoma mexicana) Southern plains woodrat X (Neotoma micropus) Golden mouse X (Ochrotomys nuttalli) Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) X X X X X Mearn’s grasshopper mouse X (Onychomys arenicola) Northern grasshopper mouse X X X (Onychomys leucogaster) Southern grasshopper mouse X X (Onychomys torridus) Marsh rice rat X (Oryzomys palustris) Texas mouse (Peromyscus attwateri) X Brush mouse (Peromyscus boylii) X X California mouse X (Peromyscus californicus) Canyon mouse (Peromyscus X X crinitus) Cactus mouse X (Peromyscus eremicus) Cotton mouse X (Peromyscus gossypinus) White-footed mouse X X X (Peromyscus leucopus)

7 Latitude 320 00’ N 390 30’ N 470 00’ N 540 30’ N 620 00’ N

Deer mouse X X X X X (Peromyscus maniculatus) Northern rock mouse X (Peromyscus nasutus) White-ankle mouse X (Peromyscus pectoralis) Oldfield mouse X (Peromyscus polionotus) Pinyon mouse (Peromyscus truei) X X Eastern heather vole X X X (Phenacomys ungava) Fulvous harvest mouse X (Reithrodontomys fulvescens) Eastern harvest mouse X (Reithrodontomys humulis) Western harvest mouse X X X (Reithrodontomys megalotis) Plains harvest mouse X X (Reithrodontomys montanus) Tawny-bellied cotton rat X (Sigmodon fulviventer) Hispid cotton rat X X (Sigmodon hispidus) Northern bog lemming X X (Synaptomys borealis) Southern bog lemming X X (Synaptomys cooperi) White-tailed antelope squirrel X X (Ammospermophilus leucurus White-tailed prairie dog X (Cynomys leucurus) Black-tailed prairie dog X X X (Cynomys ludovicianus) Northern flying squirrel X X X (Glaucomys sabrinus) Southern flying squirrel X X X (Glaucomys volans) Hoary marmot (Marmota caligata) X X Yellow-bellied marmot X X (Marmota flaviventris) Woodchuck (Marmota monax) X X X Eastern gray squirrel X X X (Sciurus carolinensis) Eastern fox squirrel (Sciurus niger) X X X California ground squirrel X (Spermophilus beecheyi)

8 Latitude 320 00’ N 390 30’ N 470 00’ N 540 30’ N 620 00’ N

Belding's ground squirrel X (Spermophilus beldingi) Franklin’s ground squirrel X X X (Spermophilus franklinii) Golden-mantled ground squirrel X (Spermophilus lateralis) Piute ground squirrel X (Spermophilus mollis) Arctic ground squirrel X (Spermophilus parryii) Richardson’s ground squirrel X (Spermophilus richardsonii) Spotted ground squirrel X (Spermophilus spilosoma) Round-tailed ground squirrel X (Spermophilus tereticaudus) Thirteen-lined ground squirrel X X X X (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus) Rock squirrel X X (Spermophilus variegatus) Washington ground squirrel X (Spermophilus washingtoni) Yellow-pine chipmunk X (Tamias amoenus) Least chipmunk (Tamias minimus) X X X X Colorado chipmunk X (Tamias quadrivittatus) Hopi chipmunk X (Tamias rufus) Eastern chipmunk (Tamias striatus) X X X Uinta chipmunk (Tamias umbrinus) X Red squirrel X X X X (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus)

ARMADILLOS

Nine-banded armadillo X X (Dasypus novemcinctus)

1. The numbers in this row represent the number of species found at this latitude across all five longitudes. Thus, a total of 135 species are found at the latitude 32o 00’ N. Some species are found at only one transect, others may be found at multiple transects, but only one entry (X) is made in the table.

2 Does note include aquatic (Order Cetaceae) or terrestrial (Order Carnivora Families Odobenidae and Phocidae) marine mammals. The two easternmost points are the only locations in the entire matrix with a marine environment.