Brazil and Its Neighbors Test

Brazil and its Neighbors Test

Matching

Match each item with the correct statement below. a. Orinoco River f. Montevideo b. Carnival g. Guaraní c. Caracas h. Amazon River d. ranching i. Paramaribo e. deforestation j. Brazilian Highlands ____ 1. Native American group of Paraguay ____ 2. Venezuela’s capital city ____ 3. major economic activity of Uruguay ____ 4. almost 4,000 miles long ____ 5. celebration held before Lent ____ 6. landform that covers about half of Brazil ____ 7. Suriname’s capital and chief port ____ 8. caused by logging, farming, and road building ____ 9. Venezuela’s most important river ____ 10. Uruguay’s capital city

Match each item with the correct statement below. a. prefect f. Juan Perón b. fútbol g. São Paulo c. José de San Martín h. Falkland Islands d. Guiana Highlands i. Paraná River e. ranches j. Maracaibo ____ 11. place where gauchos work ____ 12. led Argentina’s fight for freedom from Spain ____ 13. French official who heads the government of French Guiana ____ 14. largest lake in South America ____ 15. Argentine dictator whose crackdown on freedom of speech and the press made people unhappy ____ 16. Brazil’s leading industrial center ____ 17. known as the Malvinas in Argentina ____ 18. area of Venezuela with Angel Falls ____ 19. location of Itaipu hydroelectric power generator ____ 20. favorite sport of Brazilians

Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 21. The country shown in the shaded area of the map is

a. Venezuela. c. Suriname. b. Guyana. d. Brazil. ____ 22. The national symbol of Argentina is the ____. a. bald eagle c. gaucho b. Andes d. vaquero ____ 23. In 1960 Brazil moved its capital from Rio de Janeiro to ____. a. Asunción c. Brasília b. São Paulo d. Caracas ____ 24. Suriname won its independence from the ____. a. Dutch c. French b. British d. Spanish ____ 25. In Venezuela the government owns the ____. a. ranching and farming industries c. service industries b. oil industry d. manufacturing industry ____ 26. The Amazon Basin is located in the northern region of ____. a. Argentina c. Venezuela b. Brazil d. Uruguay ____ 27. Today most of Guyana’s population is made up of people from ____. a. Spain c. Africa b. the Netherlands d. India ____ 28. The llanos are found in ____. a. Venezuela c. Argentina b. Brazil d. Uruguay ____ 29. The largest population of any South American country is found in ____. a. Argentina c. Brazil b. Venezuela d. Paraguay ____ 30. During most of the 1800s and 1900s, Venezuela was ruled by ____. a. caudillos c. estancias b. gauchos d. porteños ____ 31. The largest forest area in western Paraguay is the ____. a. Andean Highlands c. Amazon Basin b. pampas d. Gran Chaco ____ 32. Patagonia is located in ____. a. Suriname c. Argentina b. Brazil d. French Guiana ____ 33. The more common language spoken in Paraguay is ____. a. Portuguese c. Guaraní b. Spanish d. Quechua ____ 34. Brazil’s culture is largely ____. a. Spanish c. Guaraní b. Portuguese d. European ____ 35. Many Brazilian cities are surrounded by ____. a. selvas c. favelas b. telenovelas d. llanos ____ 36. A famous Carnival is held each year in ____. a. Brasília c. Asunción b. Caracas d. Rio de Janeiro ____ 37. Brazil’s Great Escarpment drops into the ____. a. Atlantic Ocean c. Amazon Basin b. Pacific Ocean d. Amazon River ____ 38. The area around Lake Maracaibo is mostly ____. a. desert c. swamp b. rain forest d. mountains ____ 39. The national dance of Argentina is the ____. a. lambada c. samba b. tango d. macarena ____ 40. According to the map, what is the main land use around the city of Rio de Janeiro? a. Ranching c. Commercial farming b. Forests d. Subsistence farming

____ 41. What does the symbol “Fe” stand for on this map? a. Fuel c. Fallen timber b. Iron ore d. Bauxite

____ 42. According to this map, where is gold mined in Brazil? a. on the ranch land of the Mato Grosso Plateau b. on the Brazilian Highlands near the coast c. in the Amazon rain forest d. around Rio de Janeiro

____ 43. What type of fish are harvested off the northwest coast of Brazil? a. Shrimp c. Sardines b. Oysters d. Snapper

____ 44. What is the main land use for the northwest region of Brazil? a. Subsistence farming c. Ranching b. Forest products d. Commercial farming ____ 45. Based on the elevation profile, at what elevation are the Brazilian Highlands? a. Sea level c. about 4,000 meters b. about 2,000 feet d. about 6,000 feet

____ 46. What city does this profile show on the east coast? a. Lima c. Salvador b. Andes d. Rio de Janeiro

____ 47. About how far from the Equator is the region shown on this profile? a. 20° North of the Equator c. This region is directly on the Equator. b. 12° to 13° North of the Equator d. 12° to 13° South of the Equator

____ 48. Which of the following landforms on the profile is NOT located in Brazil? a. Andes c. Mato Grosso Plateau b. Amazon Basin d. Brazilian Highlands ____ 49. What is the capital of Argentina? a. Córdoba c. Buenos Aires b. Montevideo d. Bahía Blanca

____ 50. In which region of Argentina is the city of Rosario located? a. Patagonia c. Altiplano b. pampas d. Atlantic seacoast

____ 51. What borders Argentina on the east? a. Chile c. Paraguay b. Bolivia d. Atlantic Ocean

____ 52. Which of the following countries does NOT border Argentina? a. Brazil c. Peru b. Bolivia d. Uruguay ____ 53. Which of the following Argentine cities is located in the region of Patagonia? a. Buenos Aires c. Córdoba b. Sarmiento d. Salto

____ 54. What geographic feature separates the two regions of Paraguay? a. Bolivia/Brazil border c. Paraná River b. Paraguay River d. Tropic of Capricorn

____ 55. According to the map, which of the following statements is true? a. Paraguay borders Uruguay. b. The Gran Chaco lies east of the Paraguay River. c. The Paraná River divides Paraguay. d. Paraguay is landlocked.

____ 56. Use the map to determine which of the following statements is NOT true. a. Paraguay is bordered by three countries. b. The Tropic of Cancer runs through Paraguay. c. The Tropic of Capricorn runs through Paraguay. d. The Paraná River is shared by Paraguay and Brazil. ____ 57. According to the circle graph, which region of Brazil has the largest population? a. Northeast c. Southeast b. South d. West Central

____ 58. In which region of the Brazil do the fewest Brazilians live? a. North c. West Central b. South d. Northeast

____ 59. Based on the circle graph, where can you infer that the dense Amazon Basin is located? a. Northeast c. South b. Southeast d. North

____ 60. Brazil’s total population is about 176 million. Using the percentages in the circle graph, how many people live in the southeast region of Brazil? a. about 114 million c. about 42 million b. about 74 million d. about 42 thousand ____ 61. According to the map, which of the following statements is the best description of Brazil’s capital? a. It is located on the Atlantic coast. b. It is located on the Tropic of Capricorn. c. It is located in the northeast region of Brazil. d. It is located far inland.

____ 62. Which country has Paramaribo as its national capital? a. Venezuela c. Suriname b. Guyana d. Uruguay

____ 63. Which of the following cities is located at 10°N, 67° W? a. Recife c. Caracas b. Cayenne d. Georgetown

____ 64. How many countries form land borders with Brazil? a. 5 c. 9 b. 7 d. 10

____ 65. Which of Brazil’s neighbors is a colony? a. French Guiana c. Guyana b. Suriname d. Venezuela

____ 66. What does the letter “D” signify on the map? a. Orinoco River c. Amazon River b. Paraná River d. Itaipu Dam

____ 67. Which letter on the map is located on Venezuela? a. C c. H b. E d. J

____ 68. What is the letter “J” pointing to on the map? a. Guyana c. Uruguay b. French Guiana d. Suriname ____ 69. Rio de Janeiro, the site of elaborate Carnival festivities, is signified by which letter on the map? a. A c. D b. B d. G

____ 70. About how much coffee does Brazil produce per year? a. 1.36 billion kilograms c. 0.91 billion kilograms b. 2.5 billion pounds d. 2.5 million pounds

____ 71. Which of the following statements supports the information shown in this graph? a. Most of the world’s coffee is grown in African countries. b. Brazil produces twice as much coffee as Colombia. c. Brazil has the right soil and climate to grow large amounts of coffee. d. Mexico and Guatemala together produce as much coffee as Brazil.

“I watched the river. Each boat carried a tiny cross-section of Amazon society. . . . Canoes drifted past. Small wooden passenger boats or traders mumbled their smoky way downstream. No matter how blue the sky, the river never caught the color in its reflection; it was loaded with sediment carved from the Andes. Logs and brush and whirlpools moved past in endless flow, and river dolphins rolled ahead of us.” National Geographic

____ 72. What is described in this quote? a. the Orinoco River c. the Amazon River b. the Andes d. the Rio Grande

____ 73. What is the source of the Amazon River? a. the Amazon Basin c. the Atlantic Ocean b. the Andes ranges d. the Pacific Ocean

____ 74. Which of the following types of transportation was NOT seen on the river in this quote? a. canoes c. wooden passenger boats b. sailboats d. trading boats

____ 75. The writer saw all but which of the following in the Amazon River? a. clear freshwater c. river dolphins b. sediment d. whirlpools

Buenos Aires has often been called “The Paris of South America” and likened to European cities. Many streets and much of the city’s architecture were purposely fashioned to resemble famous European counterparts. The Avenida de Mayo was constructed to resemble the Gran Via in Madrid, Spain. The Colon Theater copies Italy’s La Scala in Milan. Carrio Norte (The North Neighborhood) resembles the Right Bank of Paris, France.

____ 76. Which of the following would be the best title for this paragraph? a. Argentina and Its Struggle to Modernize b. Buenos Aires, City of Farmers c. Beautiful Buenos Aires d. Spain’s Cultural Legacy

____ 77. Buenos Aires has elements of all of the following cities EXCEPT _____. a. New York City c. Milan b. Paris d. Madrid

____ 78. Based on the paragraph, which of the following statements about Buenos Aires is NOT true? a. The city has a French-style area called Barrio Norte. b. One of the streets in Buenos Aires is similar to a famous street in Spain. c. The city has no theaters. d. The city’s architecture includes Italian elements.

A few acres of Brazil’s rain forests might contain 450 different species of trees. Thousands of other types of plants—orchids, ferns, and vines—grow on, among, or beneath the trees. Experts estimate that more than 300 new plant-based medicines are yet to be developed from rain forest plants. In addition, the forests hum with countless insect species. A single tree might hold 650 kinds of beetles. Sharing the forest are an incredible variety of birds, snakes, frogs, bats, jaguars, and monkeys.

____ 79. According to the paragraph, about how many different species of trees are found in a few acres of Brazil’s rain forest? a. 300 c. 650 b. 450 d. 1,000

____ 80. Which of the following statements about Brazil’s rain forests is FALSE? a. Frogs and snakes live in the rain forest. b. The canopy prevents other plants from thriving in the rain forest. c. Countless insect species live in the rain forests of Brazil. d. Many medicines can be developed from rain forest plants.

____ 81. What will be lost if the rain forests of Brazil are continually destroyed? a. better roads c. farming areas b. new plant-based medicines d. lumber profits

“Any Spaniard who does not . . . work against tyranny in behalf of this just cause, will be considered an enemy and be punished as a traitor to the nation. . . . On the other hand, a general and absolute amnesty is granted to those who come over to our army. . . , as well as to those who render aid to the good citizens who are endeavoring to throw off the yoke of tyranny. . . . Simón Bolívar, Liberator of Venezuela, June 15, 1813

____ 82. Simón Bolívar spoke these words as he was preparing to lead an army to free Venezuela from Spanish rule. What do these words imply about Spaniards? a. No Spaniards lived in Venezuela. b. All Spaniards were being asked to leave Venezuela. c. Many Spaniards lived in Venezuela. d. No Spaniards would be allowed to immigrate to Venezuela.

____ 83. Which of the following phrases is the best definition of “tyranny”? a. forced labor c. citizens of a country b. fight for freedom d. cruel and powerful leadership

____ 84. What did Bolívar promise to those Spaniards who aided the fight for freedom? a. They would be treated as enemies. c. They would be punished as traitors. b. They would be granted amnesty. d. They would be yoked with tyranny.

Short Answer 85. Using the map, summarize the economic activity of Brazil.

86. Use this profile to write a generalization about the elevation of South America.

A few acres of Brazil’s rain forests might contain 450 different species of trees. Thousands of other types of plants—orchids, ferns, and vines—grow on, among, or beneath the trees. Experts estimate that more than 300 new plant-based medicines are yet to be developed from rain forest plants. In addition, the forests hum with countless insect species. A single tree might hold 650 kinds of beetles. Sharing the forest are an incredible variety of birds, snakes, frogs, bats, jaguars, and monkeys.

87. Summarize the types of biodiversity found in Brazil’s rain forests.

“Any Spaniard who does not . . . work against tyranny in behalf of this just cause, will be considered an enemy and be punished as a traitor to the nation. . . . On the other hand, a general and absolute amnesty is granted to those who come over to our army. . . , as well as to those who render aid to the good citizens who are endeavoring to throw off the yoke of tyranny. . . . Simón Bolívar, Liberator of Venezuela, June 15, 1813

88. To whom was Simón Bolívar speaking in this passage? For what reason?

Over the years, music from three different continents has influenced the music of Brazil. The samba became popular in the 1930s. It is a mixture of Spanish and African music. In the 1950s, the bossa nova became a favorite dance. It borrowed themes from American jazz. The lambada is a modern example of Brazilian music. It contains Caribbean rhythms and has became popular all over the world.

89. Based on the paragraph, from which cultures have Brazilians borrowed musical elements?

90. What is the main idea of this paragraph?

Essay 91. Why is the Amazon rain forest now facing danger?

92. How have oil prices affected Venezuela?

93. In which of the South American countries would you most like to live? Explain your answer.

94. List three of the important events in Venezuela’s history in the order that they occurred. Brazil and its Neighbors Test Answer Section

MATCHING

1. ANS: G PTS: 1 DIF: Average 2. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average 3. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average 4. ANS: H PTS: 1 DIF: Average 5. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy 6. ANS: J PTS: 1 DIF: Average 7. ANS: I PTS: 1 DIF: Average 8. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Easy 9. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average 10. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Average

11. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Easy 12. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average 13. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average 14. ANS: J PTS: 1 DIF: Average 15. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Average 16. ANS: G PTS: 1 DIF: Average 17. ANS: H PTS: 1 DIF: Average 18. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average 19. ANS: I PTS: 1 DIF: Average 20. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy

MULTIPLE CHOICE

21. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy MSC: Document Based Question 22. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average 23. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average 24. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average 25. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average 26. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average 27. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average 28. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average 29. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy 30. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average 31. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average 32. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average 33. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average 34. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average 35. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average 36. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average 37. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average 38. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average 39. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy 40. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 41. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 42. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 43. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 44. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 45. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging MSC: Document Based Question 46. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 47. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 48. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 49. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy MSC: Document Based Question 50. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 51. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy MSC: Document Based Question 52. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 53. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 54. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 55. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 56. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 57. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy MSC: Document Based Question 58. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy MSC: Document Based Question 59. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging MSC: Document Based Question 60. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging MSC: Document Based Question 61. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 62. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 63. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 64. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 65. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 66. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 67. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 68. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 69. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 70. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 71. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 72. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging MSC: Document Based Question 73. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging MSC: Document Based Question 74. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 75. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 76. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 77. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy MSC: Document Based Question 78. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 79. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy MSC: Document Based Question 80. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 81. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 82. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 83. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 84. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question

SHORT ANSWER

85. ANS: Forest and timber products are the main land use of the Amazon rain forest in northwest Brazil. Ranching occurs throughout the central and southern parts of the country. Subsistence farming is the main economic activity surrounding many of the large cities on the eastern seacoast. Brazil has a large fishing industry. Its resources also include many minerals mined throughout the country. Commercial farming is found in the southern part of Brazil.

PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging REF: MSC: Document Based Question 86. ANS: The Andes, at about 6,000 meters, tower over the western side of South America. Foothills along the eastern side of the Andes eventually level off at about 1,000 meters in the Amazon Basin. Toward the center of the continent, the land begins to gradually climb near the Mato Grosso Plateau. The elevation continues to rise until it peaks near 2,000 meters in the Brazilian Highlands. From there, the elevation abruptly declines as you near the coast at Salvador.

PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging MSC: Document Based Question 87. ANS: Brazil’s rain forests hold many species of trees, as well as other plants. Countless insect species share the forest with snakes and other animals, including frogs, bats, jaguars, and monkeys.

PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging MSC: Document Based Question 88. ANS: Bolívar was speaking to the Spaniards living in Venezuela. He was trying to convince them to join Venezuela’s army in the country’s fight for freedom from Spain.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 89. ANS: Brazil has borrowed musical elements from Spain, Africa, America, and the Caribbean. PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question 90. ANS: Students’ answers may be similar to the following: Brazilian music has changed over the years, borrowing elements and rhythms from three different continents.

PTS: 1 DIF: Average MSC: Document Based Question

91. ANS: The Amazon rain forest is facing the danger of deforestation. To increase jobs and products for export, the government has encouraged mining, logging, and farming in the rain forests. Also, more roads are built, bringing companies and farmers.

PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging 92. ANS: Venezuela has more oil reserves than any other country in the Americas. Rising oil prices during the 1970s benefited many Venezuelans. When oil prices fell in the 1990s, the country suffered. In 1998 Venezuelans elected Hugo Chávez, who promised to solve the problems. His growing power split the country and he was overthrown. Protests put Chávez back in office. A three-month nationwide strike to remove him damaged the economy even more.

PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging 93. ANS: Answers will vary but should be based on such factors as the climate, the standard of living, customs and lifestyles of the people, ancestry of the people, location of the country and its main cities, and landforms and landscapes. Students should explain their choices.

PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging REF: 232-245 94. ANS: Answers will vary but should include three of the following items in correct chronological order. Early Spanish explorers named the land Venezuela, because its many rivers reminded them of Venice, Italy. In the early 1800s, Simón Bolívar led a revolt that freed Venezuela and neighboring regions from Spanish rule. In 1830 Venezuela became independent. During the 1800s and 1900s, military rulers called caudillos governed the country. Since 1958, Venezuela has been a democracy led by a president and a two-house legislature. Rising oil prices during the 1970s brought wealth, but falling oil prices in the 1990s caused suffering. In 1998 Venezuelans elected Hugo Chávez as president, who proposed major changes.

PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging